Terms Of Cultural Backgrounds Research Articles

Teaching with Task Group

"Teaching English for Specific Purposes (ESP) with task group is a provocative job for any professor and implies good knowledge of effective management of collaborative group work. This job requires flexibility, adaptability, and ongoing support. Professors promote collaboration, and enhance the learning experience of the students by implementing several strategies, such as : the clear definition of the objectives, the assigning of specific roles and responsibilities to each member of the task group, considering the group composition in terms of heterogeneity and/or homogeneity, by bringing different perspectives and ideas, and productive communication. Higher education institutions often have diverse student populations in terms of cultural backgrounds, prior educational experiences, learning styles, and abilities. In teaching this diversity can present challenges in terms of meeting the needs and expectations of all students. "

A Comparative Study of the Image of Deities in Greek and Chinese Mythology

Myth is one of the spiritual wealth created by human beings. As a kind of culture, the myths in the world have certain commonalities, but the myths produced in different cultural backgrounds must have their own personalities. Just like Chinese mythology and Greek mythology. Both of them are important products of human civilization and have profound and lasting influence on the development of their respective cultures. But because they were born in different fields, there are many differences between them. Among them, there are obvious differences in the images of gods presented by the two. Most of the images of gods in Chinese mythology are mysterious and restrained, with a strong sense of mystery. However, most of the gods in Greek mythology are vivid and have obvious human characteristics. This paper takes the difference of god image as the research starting point, and analyzes the reasons for the similarities and differences between god images in Chinese mythology and Greek mythology by comparing them, so as to find out the similarities and differences between China and Greece in terms of cultural background.

Towards a co-creation framework based on citizens' dreams of future mobility

The design space of Future Mobility Services is a wicked problem. Wicked problems are characterized by a high degree of uncertainty and many competing perspectives and interests that must be aligned in order to solve. Therefore, the design of future mobility services tends to require collaborations between private partners, the public sector, and citizens to come to fruition, often with competing goals and value systems. Recent years have shown a growing interest in using Living Lab methodology to address these types of wicked problems, and even though progress has been made, there still remains challenges concerning how to engage citizens in co-creation and alignment of stakeholders. This paper investigates how future workshops can be used to generate a framework rooted in the context of citizens, and how this framework can be used as a point of departure fo co-creation in multi-stakeholder settings in order to address wicked problems.The future workshops were organized in Sweden, in two communities which are seldomly emphasized in mobility service research; the first a peri-urban area on the outskirts of a large city and the second an urban area within a city with a heterogeneous set of citizens in terms of cultural background and income status. The framework was derived from an analysis highlighting Resilience, Opportunity and Community, as important themes to bring into the discussions when co-creating future mobility services. The framework, in turn, can then help in creating a bridge between citizens and align other stakeholders, when grounding work in a situated context.

An Intersectional Perspective on the Utilization of Cervical Cancer Screening among Migrants. A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Survey Data from Austria.

Simple SummaryStudies from several countries have shown that migrant women utilize cervical cancer screening less frequently than non-migrant women. Little is known about how disparities differ across different countries of origin. The present study addresses this limitation by means of 2019 survey data from Austria. Comparing the five largest groups of migrants residing in the country, the results show that particularly Turkish migrant women have a lower utilization than the Austrian majority population. This illustrates the heterogeneity of migrants and likely results from different obstacles some groups of migrants encounter in the health system. The findings may contribute to raising the awareness of the heterogeneity of the migrant population and to providing cancer screening interventions tailored to different cultural backgrounds, consequently improving overall access to cancer screening for particularly disadvantaged and vulnerable population groups.In most European countries, migrant women have lower rates of cervical cancer screening utilization than non-migrant women. While studies have illustrated that disparities can be partially explained by social determinants, they usually did not take into account the heterogeneity of the migrant population in terms of cultural background or country of origin. Applying an intersectional approach and using 2019 data from a representative survey from Austria on 6228 women aged 20–69 years, the present study examines differences in the utilization of cervical cancer screening in the five largest migrant groups (i.e., individuals with a nationality from or born in a Yugoslav successor state, Turkey, Romania, Hungary, or Germany) residing in Austria. By means of a multivariable analysis, amongst others adjusted for socioeconomic and health-related determinants, it is illustrated that particularly Turkish migrant women have a lower utilization than the Austrian majority population (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.60; 95% confidential interval (CI): 0.40–0.91), while no significant differences between the majority population and other groups of migrants became evident. The findings are indicative of the heterogeneity of migrants and likely result from different obstacles some groups of migrants encounter in the health system. This heterogeneity must be taken into account in order to support informed decision-making and to ensure adequate preventive care.

Penyesuaian Diri Siswa Sekolah Berasrama (Studi Deskriptif Komparatif Terhadap Siswa SMAN 1 Sumatera Barat)

Self adjustment of students in a boarding school environment is the ability to live and fair, so that he was satisfied with themself and to the environment. Many factors affect the students in the school adjustment as gender, cultural backgrounds and grade levels (maturity). This study purpose to describe the adjustment of students in terms of gender, cultural background, and grade levels. The research was ex post facto by using factorial design 2 x 2 x 3. The population is students of SMAN 1 West Sumatra. The total sample were 168 people selected by stratified random sampling technique and combined with the proportional sampling technique. The instrument was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result showed: (1) the level of adjustment of students in general were in the high category, (2) the level of adjustment male and female were in at the high category, and there was difference of adjustment of students based on the gender, mean score of female students higher than male students, (3) the level of adjustment of students in terms of cultural background (Minang and non-Minang) were in high category, and there are differences in the adjustment of students based on the background of the culture, (4) the level of adjustment student review grade levels (X, XI, and XII) were in high category, and there is no difference adjustment students based on grade level, and (5) the level of adjustment of students in terms of gender, cultural background, and grade levels were in category high, and there is no interaction between these variables in explained the adjustment of students.

Gandhi and the Global Satyagraha

It is a common view to say that satyagraha was conducted by a person like Gandhi who was brought up in a cultural setting familiar with the concept of self-suffering and non-violence. But it would be a mistake to judge the Gandhian satyagraha in terms of cultural background. The recent global history of non-violent action has shown us clearly that satyagraha is a seed that can grow and flourish in other cultures and religions as well. Among the followers of Gandhi in the twentieth century who successfully launched their own satyagraha against racial, religious and economic injustice and struggled for human rights are names such as Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Martin Luther King Jr, Nelson Mandela, Lech Walesa, Vaclav Havel, Benigno Aquino and Aung San Suu Kyi. The trans-Indian experience of satyagraha assumes that non-violence in its broadest sense remains exemplary as a political action and is transferable as a human experience from one tradition of thought to another, making it universally applicable as a method of action.

İngilizce Öğretmeni Adaylarının Dil Öğrenme İnançlarının İncelenmesi: Türki Cumhuriyetlerde Kültürlerarası Bir Çalışma

The purpose of this study was to explore Kazakhstani and Turkish student teachers’ beliefs about English language learning, and whether there are any differences between their beliefs in terms of cultural background. The Beliefs about Language Learning Inventory (BALLI) was conducted with 239 student teachers enrolled in ELT programs at the universities in Kazakhstan and Turkey. This inventory included items on aptitude, nature of language learning, learning and communication strategies, and motivation. The overall difference between the beliefs of Kazakhstani and Turkish student teachers was investigated by running a Man Whitney-U test, which showed a significant and meaningful difference between Kazakhstani and Turkish student teachers’ beliefs. It was found that student teachers had shared similar beliefs about language learning, and motivations and expectations. However, they had different beliefs in terms of beliefs toward language aptitude, nature of language learning and learning and communication strategies. In light of these findings, it might be said that national origin/ethnicity does affect student teachers’ beliefs about language learning.

Giving and Interpreting Compliments in English and Kurdish

Compliment as one of the language strategies is used to soften the process of interactions. The way that compliments are given or interpreted as well as the frequency of using them vary from a language to another, from a community to another, and from a person to another. This study tries to track down compliments to illustrate their differences and the similarities in both concerned communities. Complimenting as a lubricant strategy does not always fulfill the purpose, and cannot always be easily employed due to the interactants' differences in terms of cultural backgrounds, social status, gender, and many other social and personal issues. Therefore, giving compliments is regarded as one of the problematic issues, and may cause a kind of misunderstanding among the interactants particularly in a cross-cultural environment. This study draws on both quantitative and qualitative approaches in the process of data collection. It aims at examining the giving and interpretation of compliment from a socio-pragmatic perspective. It comprehensively considers the concept of compliment, diversity of compliments across cultures, the differences in giving compliments in English and Kurdish as well as showing the relationship between compliment and flattery in these two different communities.

Effect of Focused and Unfocused Feedback on Learners’ Writing Accuracy within Different Gender and Cultural Background Groups

This research is to measure the effect of focused and unfocused feedback on second language (L2) learners’ writing accuracy with involving gender and learners’ cultural background factors. The study applied a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. The participants were 128 learners at IAIN Palangka Raya, Indonesia. During the learning process, the first treatment group was treated using Focused Direct Feedback; the second treatment group was treated using Unfocused Direct Feedback, and the control group was not given any treatments or No Feedback. Data were analyzed using a three-way ANOVA analyses. The analysis confirmed that the focused direct of feedback gave a facilitative effect on the learners’ writing accuracy. In terms of gender, the learners' writing accuracy differed significantly different between males and female. In terms of cultural background, the learners’ writing accuracy did not differ significantly among each ethnics. There were no differences significantly on the learners’ writing accuracy caused by gender and the types of corrective feedback factors. There were no differences significantly on the learners’ writing accuracy caused by cultural background and types of corrective feedback factors. There were no differences significantly on the learners’ writing accuracy caused by gender and cultural background factors. There were no differences significantly on the learners’ writing accuracy caused by gender, cultural background the types of corrective feedback factors. To conclude, it was noted that gender and different types of feedback had a vital thing in increasing learners’ writing accuracy. Corrective feedback was important for both the teachers and learners in L2 writing class.

Effect of Focused and Unfocused Feedback on Learners’ Writing Accuracy within Different Gender and Cultural Background Groups

This research is to measure the effect of focused and unfocused feedback on second language (L2) learners’ writing accuracy with involving gender and learners’ cultural background factors. The study applied a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. The participants were 128 learners at IAIN Palangka Raya, Indonesia. During the learning process, the first treatment group was treated using Focused Direct Feedback; the second treatment group was treated using Unfocused Direct Feedback, and the control group was not given any treatments or No Feedback. Data were analyzed using a three-way ANOVA analyses. The analysis confirmed that the focused direct of feedback gave a facilitative effect on the learners’ writing accuracy. In terms of gender, the learners' writing accuracy differed significantly different between males and female. In terms of cultural background, the learners’ writing accuracy did not differ significantly among each ethnics. There were no differences significantly on the learners’ writing accuracy caused by gender and the types of corrective feedback factors. There were no differences significantly on the learners’ writing accuracy caused by cultural background and types of corrective feedback factors. There were no differences significantly on the learners’ writing accuracy caused by gender and cultural background factors. There were no differences significantly on the learners’ writing accuracy caused by gender, cultural background the types of corrective feedback factors. To conclude, it was noted that gender and different types of feedback had a vital thing in increasing learners’ writing accuracy. Corrective feedback was important for both the teachers and learners in L2 writing class.

Differences in emotional regulation of Bugis student and Malay cultural background Implications for counseling and guidance services

Students often exert an excessive emotional reaction to a problem, thus often acting irrationally. Therefore, students need adequate emotional regulation ability. Factors that affect emotional regulation one of them is culture. This research aimed atdescribing differences in emotional regulation between students of Bugis and Malay cultural background and the implications of counseling services. This research used quantitative method of comparative descriptive type. The sample of this research is students of Bugis and Malay background of RiauUniversityconsisting of 168 students. Purposive sampling was used as the sample technique. The instrument used was an emotional regulation questionnaire with Likert scale model. The results of students' emotional regulation reliability of 0.880. Data were analyzed using t-test technique. The results of the data analysis showed that the students' emotional regulation in terms of cultural background was clasdified into high category; there is no significant difference which means that no difference between student emotional regulation of Bugis and Malay cultural background

Parents-to-be and future holiday planning: what is it all about?

Purpose – The aim of this study is to understand how parents-to-be expect their future holidays with their first child to change accordingly, and most important the reasoning behind this. Design/methodology/approach – By the use of a qualitative-explorative research approach (Grounded Theory method), ten in-depth interviews were done with Dutch parents-to-be, expecting their first child. Findings – The results show that emotional response ranks high in terms of the occurred changes, which originate from a set of interrelated consequences. A strong link with a deep fundamental basis rooted in daily life values can be made. Research limitations/implications – To surmount the limitations of this study observational methods would have to be employed. The collection of information relating to decision making can only evoke faults if the research would take place after the couples transform into parents-to-be through a setting of a longitudinal study. In addition, generalization should be carefully taken into account in terms of cultural backgrounds, which can devise changes as well. Practical implications – This will oblige the tourism industry to consider product differentiation to serve this segment better and to capture a competitive position in the dynamic tourism industry. Originality/value – The holiday has been perceived as a part of daily life and should create a certain degree of added value which refers to a deeper fundamental basis. Therefore, it can be argued that this study contributed to the decision-making literature by going beyond the scope of family holidays.

ANALYSIS OF ENSET (ENSETE VENTRICOSUM) INDIGENOUS PRODUCTION METHODS AND FARM-BASED BIODIVERSITY IN MAJOR ENSET-GROWING REGIONS OF SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA

Enset (Ensete ventricosum) production is declining, and it faces genetic erosion due to drought, diseases and population pressure. Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and additional formal survey studies on 315 households were conducted over three consecutive years (1998–2000) in the Sidama, Wolaita and Hadiya ethnic regions of southern Ethiopia to assess traditional cultivation methods, analyse the production systems, and evaluate farm-based enset biodiversity. The regions differ in terms of cultural background, resources, farming systems, population density, and agro-ecology. Furthermore, the methods for initiating suckers and the frequency of transplanting vary among the three regions.Diverse enset landraces were identified in the Sidama (52), Wolaita (55) and Hadiya (59) regions. Sidama farmers had the highest number of landraces per farm, 57% and 21% more than found on Wolaita and Hadiya farms respectively. In all three regions, landrace diversity was influenced by household resources, cultural background, population pressure, and agro-ecology. There were significant differences in the average number of enset landraces and livestock between rich and poor households in the three regions. Rich farmers had more land and manure-producing livestock, and they planted more enset landraces than did poor farmers. In all three regions, women proved to be more experienced than men in identifying enset landraces.The number of enset landraces per farm was significantly correlated with other household characteristics for resource-rich Sidama farmers and with the number of livestock and area of farmland for resource-rich Hadiya farmers. This suggests that middle-income or poor farmers concentrate on annual crops, rather than on growing the perennial enset plant. More research is needed to identify, characterize and conserve genetic diversity, and to improve the cultivation practices for enset. The cultural, socio-economic, and gender-associated aspects of enset cultivation need to be assessed to understand the dynamics of enset biodiversity.

Species composition, diversity, and use of homegardens among three Amazonian villages

Homegardens represent a traditional form of land use common in tropical regions of the world. Species composition, structure and function of homegardens may be influenced by ecological, socio-economic and cultural factors. The three villages in the Peruvian Amazon in which homegardens were studied differed in terms of cultural background, distance to urban markets and the influence of tourism. Data were collected on species composition, abundance and use of plants in the homegardens. Comparison of the three villages revealed that tourism had the greatest impact on species composition, diversity and use of plants in homegardens.

L'insécurité: entre crime et citoyenneté

Concern with crime was able to become an issue of national priority as it poses simultaneously the question of collective identities and of personal safety. Concern about crime involves the dennunciation of the disappearance of safety in relation to others. As the condition without which no peacefull modern society can exist, the safety, seen as harmlessness of interactions, is evaluated in terms of cultural background which supports the habitual practice of civility. The implications of concerns about crime, call attention to the following problems: the definition of right to safety, the extension of security issues and the necessity for the state or the people to struggle against what is considered violent.

Teenage pregnancy in developing countries

SummaryThere is little statistical information from developing countries on the prevalence of early and late teenage pregnancies and associated health and psychosocial sequelae. Developing countries cannot be studied as an entity since they differ widely in terms of cultural background, religion, traditions, etc. However, characteristics of an underprivileged situation are: an early reproductive debut, high fertility and close spacing of pregnancies, and high maternal and infant mortality. The high maternal and infant mortality rates are related to socio-economic parameters but also specifically to the age of the mother, being increased for mothers under the age of 20, particularly for the younger ones and when there are repeated teenage pregnancies. Low minimum age of marriage for girls, typical of many developing as well as developed countries, means a consent of society for early family formation.Epidemiological studies and studies on changing reproductive behaviour in situations undergoing modernization processes are required to estimate the magnitude of the problem from health and psychosocial aspects, and in order to design appropriate services.