Terms Of Cs Research Articles

Benefits of practice ownership among US private practice veterinarians extend to professional quality of life.

To estimate the effects of practice ownership on wellbeing of US private practice veterinarians. 1,217 practice owners and 1,414 associate veterinarians (ie, nonowners) who participated in the 2021 AVMA Census of Veterinarians and Practice Owners Survey. A professional quality of life instrument was used to measure compassion satisfaction (CS; a positive attribute), burnout (BO), and secondary traumatic stress (STS) in practice owners and nonowners both as scores and as score categories (low, moderate, and high CS, BO, and STS). For hypothesis tests, propensity score matching was used, with owners (n = 595) matched to nonowners (595) on several demographic and employment factors. Owners had significantly (P < .001) higher CS scores (mean ± SE, 34.1 ± 0.3) and lower BO scores (26.1 ± 0.3) than nonowners (32.8 ± 0.3 and 26.9 ± 0.3, respectively), but STS scores were comparable between groups (27.4 ± 0.3 and 27.5 ± 0.3; P = .55). The prevalence of low CS scores and high BO scores was significantly (P < .001) higher for nonowners versus owners (53.8% vs 42.7% and 51.6% vs 46.4%, respectively). Both owners and nonowners had a high prevalence of high STS scores (81.8% and 83.2%, respectively; P = .53). Results suggested that practice ownership confers a benefit to private practice veterinarians in terms of CS and BO, but not STS. The prevalence of poor CS, BO, and STS scores was higher than reported previously for 2016 to 2018, suggesting an impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The high prevalence of high STS scores in both groups warrants attention and action to protect the welfare of the veterinary workforce and support optimal patient care.

The Impact of a Sustainable Development Strategy on the Effectiveness and the Efficiency of Procurement Procedures at the Stage of Implementing a Business Code Conduct

Issues of sustainable development in the context of procurement often remain undisclosed since key attention is paid to the social and environmental impacts associated with the operational processes of enterprises. At the same time, the risks and opportunities hidden in supply chains have a signifi cant impact on achieving the sustainable development goals of the enterprise. The article provides information on the basic stage of the implementation of the sustainable development strategy in relation to procurement, which is characterized by the updating of the procurement policy of the enterprise and the use of a document regulating the expectations of the enterprise in terms of the specifi cs of building internal and external processes and procedures of suppliers, which is commonly called the code of conduct or the code of business conduct. The article presents a model of working with this document and examines its impact on the eff ectiveness of procurement procedures, depending on the dynamics of implementation and expectations of the degree of compliance with the requirements of its provisions for various categories of suppliers. It is established that consistent and step-by-step work according to the above model on the implementation of the code of conduct does not lead to a decrease in procurement efficiency.

Metakaolin-Reinforced Sulfoaluminate-Cement-Solidified Wasteforms of Spent Radioactive Resins—Optimization by a Mixture Design

Cement solidification is a main technique for radioactive waste treatment to reduce its risk to the environment and human health. However, this method underperforms when dealing with spent radioactive ion-exchange resin, taking much space, and costing much money for final disposal. In this work, simulated spent radioactive resin was solidified using a metakaolin-reinforced sulfoaluminate cement system, which was optimized by a mixture design based on the effects of components and parameters, and the durability of solidified wasteforms was assessed in terms of strength and Cs(I) leaching. Solidified by an optimized formula of 40 wt.% spent resin, 55.8 wt.% sulfoaluminate cement, 2.2 wt.% metakaolin, and 2 wt.% water reducer, the resin loading in wasteforms reached 64% and the compressive strength 13.7 MPa. The dominant mineral phases of hydration products were ettringite crystalline of acicular and columnar morphology, with small amounts of scattered amorphous clusters of aluminum gels and C–S–H gels. Metakaolin, a source of aluminum, promoted the growth of ettringite, which facilitated (1) the encapsulation of resin beads with high strengths, even in acidic environments or during frequent freezing-thawing, and (2) the retention of Cs(I), with a 42 day leaching rate of 2.3 × 10−4 cm/day. This work offers a technical justification for spent resin solidification in the metakaolin-reinforced sulfoaluminate cement system, which is an applicational solution for the efficient treatment of radioactive waste.

Discriminative aging subspace learning for age estimation

Human age estimation from facial images has become an active research topic in computer vision field because of various real-world applications. Temporal property of facial aging display sequential patterns that lie on the low-dimensional aging manifold. In this paper, we propose hidden factor analysis (HFA) model-based discriminative manifold learning method for age estimation. The hidden factor analysis decomposes facial features into independent age factor and identity factor. Various age invariant face recognition systems in the literature utilize identity factor for face recognition; however, the age factor remains unutilized. The age component of the hidden factor analysis model depends on the subject’s age. Thus it carries significant age-related information. In this paper, we demonstrate that such aging patterns can be effectively extracted from the HFA-based discriminant subspace learning algorithm. Next, we have applied multiple regression methods on low-dimensional aging features learned from the HFA model. Effect of reduced dimensionality on the accuracy has been evaluated by extensive experiments and compared with the state-of-the-art methods. Effectiveness and robustness in terms of MAE and CS of the proposed framework are demonstrated using experimental analysis on a large-scale aging database MORPH II. The accuracy of our method is found superior to the current state-of-the-art methods.

Efficient removal of Cs(I) from water using a novel Prussian blue and graphene oxide modified PVDF membrane: Preparation, characterization, and mechanism

The Prussian blue (PB) blending membranes are promising candidates for the removal of trace radionuclide Cs+. Constructing a membrane with high flux and selectivity are challenging in its practical application. Here, a novel polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-PB-graphene oxide (GO) modified membrane was fabricated via phase inversion for trace radionuclide cesium (137Cs) removal from water. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze chemical composition and morphology of the membrane, and the properties in terms of water flux and Cs+ removal were studied under different PB dosage, pH and co-existing ions conditions. It was observed that the addition of GO improved the dispersion of PB, and the PVDF-PB-GO membrane presented the highest Cs+ removal efficiency (99.6 %) and water flux (1638.2 LMH/bar) at pH = 7 with 0.1 wt% GO and 5 wt% PB. In addition, Langmuir and pseudo-second-order kinetics models fitted well for Cs+ adsorption by the PVDF-PB-GO membrane, illustrating that the Cs+ was removed via chemical adsorption dominated by Fe(CN)64− defect sites of PB and the oxygen groups of GO. Furthermore, the membrane showed a significant selectivity and reusability towards trace radioactive cesium, even in the presence of excess co-existing ions and in real water, which strongly verified that the modified membrane had application potential.

Electrosorption removal of cesium ions with a copper hexacyanoferrate electrode in a capacitive deionization (CDI) system

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a promising technique that can be applied to the removal ions of radioactive liquid waste. Carbon-based electrodes, which are mainly used in CDI systems, show limited characteristics due to their inferior selectivity and adsorption performance of target components present in feed water. Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) are proposed as an electrode material that operates by a reversible redox reaction, and provides a strategy to efficiently remove cesium (Cs) ions from aqueous solutions owing to its excellent ion adsorption capacity. In this research, copper hexcacyanoferrate (CuHCF) was utilized to improve the electrosorption performance in terms of Cs+ ions removal capacity and charging efficiency, and to achieve the selective electrosorption of Cs+ ion in cation mixtures. An outstanding electrosorption capacity of 397 mg g−1 (qmax) and high selectivity were obtained at an optimum voltage of 1.4 V, and significant adsorption performance was maintained in the pH range of 1.0–5.6. The isotherms and adsorption kinetics employed to study the adsorption mechanism obey the Langmuir adsorption model and pseudo-first-order model, respectively. The Fe3+/Fe2+ and Cu2+/Cu+ redox couples are highly stable and reversible, providing outstanding cycling stability of CuHCF electrode. Our study demonstrates that the amount of Cs+ ions in an aqueous solution can be remarkably reduced by an electrochemically driven adsorption/desorption process using a CuHCF. Therefore, the proposed CDI system with CuHCF is a promising candidate for the efficient removal of cesium from wastewater and its large-scale application.

OUP accepted manuscript

Abstract We discuss a natural scenario to solve the strong CP problem in the framework of the higher dimensional gauge theory. An axion-like field Ay has been built-in as the extra-space component of the higher dimensional gauge field. The coupling of Ay with gluons is attributed to the radiatively induced “Chern-Simons” (CS) term. We adopt a toy model with some unknown gauge symmetry U(1)X. The CS term is obtained in two ways: first by a concrete 1-loop calculation and next by use of the Fujikawa’s method to deal with the chiral anomaly in 4D space-time. The obtained results are identical, which implies that the radiative correction to the CS term is “1-loop exact” and is also free from UV-divergence even though the theory itself is non-renormalizable. As a novel feature of this scenario, such obtained CS term is no longer linear in the field Ay as in the usually discussed CS term in 5D space-time but a periodic function of Ay, since Ay has a physical meaning as the Wilson-loop phase. We argue how such novel feature of this scenario causes the modification of the ordinary solutions of the strong CP problem based on the axion fields.

Scalarization of slowly rotating black holes

It is interesting to note that most black holes are born very slowly rotating. We investigate scalarization of slowly rotating black holes in the Einstein-scalar-Chern–Simons (EsCS) theory. In the slow rotation approximation, the CS term takes a linear form of rotation parameter [Formula: see text] which determines the tachyonic instability. The tachyonic instability for slowly rotating black holes represents the onset of spontaneous scalarization. It is shown that the slowly rotating black holes are unstable against a spherically symmetric scalar-mode perturbation for positive coupling [Formula: see text], whereas these black holes are unstable for negative coupling without any [Formula: see text]-bound.

Correction of the CSA does not decrease the re-tear rate after SSP repair

Abstract Background The re-tear rate after supraspinatus tendon (SSP) repair is high despite optimization of surgical techniques. The critical shoulder angle (CSA) &gt; 35° has been identified as a risk for re-tear. Surgical reduction of the CSA performing additional lateral acromioplasty (ALAP) is intended to reduce the risk. Objective We aimed to evaluate the effect of ALAP on the re-tear rate in patients with a CSA &gt; 35° after SSP repair. Patients and methods The study included 49 shoulders fulfilling predefined inclusion criteria. The patients were assigned to two groups; group I (25 SSP) was additionally treated with an ALAP. In group II (24 SSP) standard acromioplasty was performed during reconstruction. Magnetic resonance imaging and a clinical examination (Constant Score; CS) were performed 12 months after surgery. Results After 15 months group I showed a re-tear rate of 20%, a decreased CSA (mean 38.0° preoperatively vs. 34.5° postoperatively) and an increase in CS (mean 53.9 vs. 84.6). After 16 months group II showed a re-tear rate of 16.7%, no difference between pre- and postoperative CSA (37.8° vs. 37.6°), and an increase in CS (48.9 vs. 84.5). There was no difference between the groups in terms of re-tears and postoperative CS (p = 0.4557), but there was a significant difference in postoperative CSA (p &lt; 0.0001). We did not find a decrease in the failure rate after ALAP. Unlike other studies, patients with a postoperative CSA &gt; 35° did not have a worse clinical outcome and no increased rate of re-tears compared with patients with a mechanically reduced CSA. Conclusion Additive lateral acromioplasty does not decrease the re-tear rate after arthroscopic SSP repair. However, ALAP significantly decreases the CSA to normal values.

Empagliflozin prevents doxorubicin-induced myocardial dysfunction

BackgroundEmpagliflozin showed efficacy in controlling glycaemia, leading to reductions in HbA1c levels, weight loss and blood pressure, compared to standard treatment. Moreover, the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial demonstrated a 14% reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), a 38% reduction in cardiovascular (CV) death and a 35% reduction in the hospitalization rate for heart failure (HF). These beneficial effect on HF were apparently independent from glucose control. However, no mechanistic in vivo studies are available to explain these results, yet. We aimed to determine the effect of empagliflozin on left ventricular (LV) function in a mouse model of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy (DOX-HF).MethodsMale C57Bl/6 mice were randomly assigned to the following groups: controls (CTRL, n = 7), doxorubicin (DOX, n = 14), DOX plus empagliflozin (DOX + EMPA, n = 14), or DOX plus furosemide (DOX + FURO group, n = 7). DOX was injected intraperitoneally. LV function was evaluated at baseline and after 6 weeks of treatment using high-resolution echocardiography with 2D speckle tracking (Vevo 2100). Histological assessment was obtained using Haematoxylin and Eosin and Masson’s Goldner staining.ResultsA significant decrease in both systolic and diastolic LV function was observed after 6 weeks of treatment with doxorubicin. EF dropped by 32% (p = 0.002), while the LS was reduced by 42% (p < 0.001) and the CS by 50% (p < 0.001). However, LV function was significantly better in the DOX + EMPA group, both in terms of EF (61.30 ± 11% vs. 49.24 ± 8%, p = 0.007), LS (− 17.52 ± 3% vs. − 13.93 ± 5%, p = 0.04) and CS (− 25.75 ± 6% vs. − 15.91 ± 6%, p < 0.001). Those results were not duplicated in the DOX + FURO group. Hearts from the DOX + EMPA group showed a 50% lower degree of myocardial fibrosis, compared to DOX mice (p = 0.03). No significant differences were found between the DOX + FURO and the DOX group (p = 0.103).ConclusionEmpagliflozin attenuates the cardiotoxic effects exerted by doxorubicin on LV function and remodelling in nondiabetic mice, independently of glycaemic control. These findings support the design of clinical studies to assess their relevance in a clinical setting.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ВИРОБНИЧИХ МЕРЕЖ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ

In this paper we provide an overview of the origins and development of the global value chain (GVC) concept and group extant research in the eld according to different aspects of the GVC analysis in order to identify promising areas for further research. Institutional dimension of the GVC analysis is emphasized in terms of the specifics cs of emerging-market multinational enterprises (EMNEs). Based on a detailed review and systematization of the extant research in the eld two main areas for further research are identified. Firstly, the influence of institutional distance between different countries taking part in GVCs on GVC configuration parameters (governance type, geographical distribution of GVC operations and GVC upgrading type) and secondly, the role of various contracting methods (outsourcing, o shoring, franchizing, etc., as opposed to traditional foreign direct investment) in the configuration and improvement of GVC operations. us institutional and geographical aspects of the GVC analysis as well as upgrading in GVCs in the context of EMNEs are identified to be the most promising areas for future research in the field сconcerning the development of network of global corporate control.

Highly effective Cs+ removal by turbidity-free potassium copper hexacyanoferrate-immobilized magnetic hydrogels

Potassium copper hexacyanoferrate-immobilized magnetic hydrogel (MHPVA) has been synthesized via a facile freeze/thaw crosslinking method. The citric acid coated Fe3O4 is embedded into the hydrogel matrix to facilitate the dispersion of nano-sized KCuHCF particles for Cs+ removal, followed by the rapid recovery of the composite in a magnetic field. The Cs+ adsorption behavior of the MHPVA is fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The MHPVA exhibits both high Cs+ adsorption capacity (82.8mg/g) and distribution coefficient (Kd) of 1.18×106mL/g (8.3ppm Cs+, V/m=1000mL/g). Sorption of above 90% Cs+ to the MHPVA is achieved in less than 3h of contact time. Moreover, the MHPVA reveals stable and high Cs+ removal efficiency across a wide pH range from 4 to 10. In terms of Cs+ selectivity, the MHPVA shows above 96% removal efficiency in the presence of 0.01M competing cations such as Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, and K+ with 1ppm of Cs+. From a practical perspective, the MHPVA still exhibits stable and promising selective properties even in groundwater and seawater conditions and after 5days of contact time the used adsorbent is rapidly recovered leaving a turbidity-free aqueous environment.

Impact of straight, unconnected, radially-oriented, and tapered mesopores on column efficiency: A theoretical investigation

Superficially porous particles (SPPs) can be prepared from a pseudomorphic transformation (PMT) which produces straight, unconnected, and radially-oriented mesopores (ROMs). ROMs can be either both ends open in fully porous particles (FPPs) or one-end-closed in SPPs. The impact of ROMs on the longitudinal diffusion (B/u), solid–liquid mass transfer resistance (Csu), and on the eddy dispersion (A(u)) height equivalent to a theoretical plate (HETP) of 3D randomly packed columns was investigated based on theoretical viewpoints. Torquato's theory of effective diffusion in packed beds (B term), Giddings’ coupling theory of eddy dispersion (A term), and Giddings’ generalized nonequilibrium theory (Cs term) are applied to make predictions. First, it is found that the A term is nearly independent on the internal structure of the particle. Secondly, in the absence of flow, infinitely narrow and both ends open (no constriction effect) ROMs induce an internal hindrance factor of 23 regarding diffusion along the axial direction. Experimental data reveal that one-end-closed and 80Å wide ROMs in SPPs lead to a measurable internal hindrance factor of 27 regarding diffusion in the porous shell. Thirdly, above the optimum speed, the Cs coefficient is dependent on the geometry (cylinders, cones, etc.) of the ROMs: when ROMs are conical in SPPs, Cs is expected to decrease by 80% with respect to cylindrical ROMs. From an application perspective, PMT-SPPs prepared with narrow ROMs are well suited for the analysis of small molecules at or below optimum speed (lowest B term) while PMT-SPPs made of wide and conical ROMs are ideal for the analysis of large molecules above optimum speed (smallest Cs term).

From 4D to 3D chiral theories: Dressing the monopoles

Monopole operators play a central role in 3 dimensional supersymmetric dualities: a careful understanding of their spectrum is necessary to match chiral operators on either sides of a conjectured duality. In Chern-Simons theories ($k\neq0$), monopole operators acquire an electric charge, thus they need to be "dressed" by chiral matter superfields to be made gauge-invariant. Here we present strong evidence that "dressed" monopoles appear in $SU(N)$ chiral theories even for $k=0$ because of mixed CS terms generated along certain Coulomb branch directions. Our analysis is based on the dimensional reduction of 4-dimensional dualities which, for the simplest s-confining case, allows us to easily identify the spectrum of the electric chiral operators.

Adsorption of CO2, N2, and CH4 in Cs-exchanged chabazite: A combination of van der Waals density functional theory calculations and experiment study

The crucial role of dispersion force in correctly describing the adsorption of some typical small-size gas molecules (e.g., CO2, N2, and CH4) in ion-exchanged chabazites has been investigated at different levels of theory, including the standard density functional theory calculation using the Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE) exchange-correlation functional and van der Waals density functional theory (vdWDFT) calculations using different exchange-correlation models - vdW_DF2, optB86b, optB88, and optPBE. Our results show that the usage of different vdWDFT functionals does not significantly change the adsorption configuration or the profile of static charge rearrangement of the gas-chabazite complexes, in comparison with the results obtained using the PBE. The calculated values of adsorption enthalpy using different functionals are compared with our experimental results. We conclude that the incorporation of dispersion interaction is imperative to correctly predict the trend of adsorption enthalpy values, in terms of different gas molecules and Cs(+) cation densities in the adsorbents, even though the absolute values of adsorption enthalpy are overestimated by approximate 10 kJ/mol compared with experiments.

ISO(4,1) symmetry in the EFT of inflation

In DBI inflation the cubic action is a particular linear combination of the two, otherwise independent, cubic operators π̇3 and π̇(∂iπ)2. We show that in the Effective Field Theory (EFT) of inflation this is a consequence of an approximate 5D Poincar'e symmetry, ISO(4,1), non-linearly realized by the Goldstone π.This symmetry uniquely fixes, at lowest order in derivatives, all correlation functions in terms of the speed of sound cs. In the limit cs → 1, the ISO(4,1) symmetry reduces to the Galilean symmetry acting on π. On the other hand, we point out that the non-linear realization of SO(4,2), the isometry group of 5D AdS space, does not fix the cubic action in terms of cs.

粘土鉱物とゼオライトにおけるセシウムの吸着挙動：第一原理計算から見るその微視的機構

Since large amounts of radioisotopes of Cs was released after the accidents at Fukushima Daiichi nuclear powerplants, a tremendous number of scientists and engineers have faced several issues in terms of decontamination ofradioactive Cs. In this paper, we present our recent two computational works based on density functional theory, one of which is to clarify mechanism of strong adsorption and retention of Cs in clay minerals to establish an effective Cs removal scheme from large amounts of radioactive wastes left by decontamination activities, and the other of which is to reveal why zeolites can selectively catch Cs even in the presence of other minerals and to make a guideline to create a more improved materials to remove Cs as well as other radioactive ions.

Gravitational Chern-Simons Lagrangians and black hole entropy

We analyze the problem of defining the black hole entropy when Chern-Simons terms are present in the action. Extending previous works, we define a general procedure, valid in any dimensions both for purely gravitational CS terms and for mixed gauge-gravitational ones. The final formula is very similar to Wald’s original formula valid for covariant actions, with a significant modification. Notwithstanding an apparent violation of covariance we argue that the entropy formula is indeed covariant.

Secondary Traumatization in Pediatric Healthcare Providers: Compassion Fatigue, Burnout, and Secondary Traumatic Stress

The primary aim for this research was to explore the overlap and differences between the concepts related to secondary traumatization: posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), secondary traumatic stress (STS), compassion fatigue (CF), and burnout (BRN). A secondary aim for this research was to examine the impact of secondary traumatization and some of the personal and professional elements that affect how pediatric healthcare providers experience PTSD, STS, CF, and BRN. An online survey was sent via e-mail to numerous list serves for healthcare providers who had worked on PICU, NICU, or PEDS units within the last year. The analyses revealed that a significant overlap existed between the terms of STS, PTSD, BRN, CS, and CF for PICU, NICU, and PEDS providers. However, a hierarchical linear regression revealed a significant amount of unique contributions to the variance in CF based on each of the measured concepts. Despite previous literature that indicates that the terms STS and CF can be used interchangeably, the two most prominent measures utilized in the assessment of CF and STS are actually capturing at least some unique elements. Given these results, future researchers should examine and conceptualize the difference in etiology, prevalence, symptoms, and treatment efficacy for CF and STS as separate but related entities and then return their focus to understanding secondary traumatization in healthcare providers.

Effect of Intraocular Lens Asphericity on Quality of Vision after Cataract Removal: An Intraindividual Comparison

To determine the effect of intraocular lens (IOL) asphericity on quality of vision after cataract removal. Intraindividual, prospective, randomized clinical trial. Twenty-six cataract patients received 2, one-piece, blue-light-filtering hydrophobic acrylic IOLs each. One eye was implanted with a spherical (SN60AT, Alcon) and the contralateral eye with an aspheric (SN60WF, Alcon) IOL with -0.2 mum spherical aberration (SA). All trial-specific measurements (corneal topography, wavefront sensing, high-contrast visual acuity [HCVA], contrast sensitivity [CS]) were performed 6 months after surgery. A paired Student t-test or Wilcoxon test was used to check intergroup differences. Absolute values and intraindividual differences (Delta(i)) of corneal and ocular higher order aberrations and best-corrected visual Strehl ratio based on the optical transfer function (BCVSOTF) values for virtual pupil diameters of 3, 4, 5, and 6 mm were computed. Photopic and mesopic HCVA, photopic, and high-mesopic CS as well as high-mesopic disability glare (DG) were measured using the Frankfurt-Freiburg Contrast and Acuity Test System. No intergroup difference of demographic data, pupillometry, and corneal aberrations were observed. Coma and trefoil root mean square and SA were significantly lower in the aspheric group resulting in higher BCVSOTF, mesopic HCVA, and photopic and high mesopic CS. All Delta(i) values with exception of photopic HCVA and DG indicated significantly better performance of the aspheric IOL. An aspheric IOL with -0.2 microm SA provide higher quality of vision than spherical IOL in terms of retinal image quality, mesopic HCVA and CS. Proprietary or commercial disclosures may be found after the references.