Terms Of Childcare Research Articles

PERLINDUNGAN HAK ANAK DALAM PERCERAIAN MENURUT HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM

This study aims to examine the protection of children's rights in cases of divorce according to Islamic family law. Divorce is a problem that often occurs in family life and can have a negative impact on children. Therefore, it is important to understand how Islamic family law provides protection for children's rights in the context of divorce. Normative legal research methods with a literature study approach. The data used are relevant legal materials, including the Al-Qur'an, hadith, as well as the opinions of Islamic scholars and jurists regarding issues of divorce and protection of children's rights. The results of this study indicate that Islamic family law pays great attention to the protection of children's rights in divorce cases. Islamic law emphasizes the importance of maintaining the integrity of the family and the well-being of children as a top priority. In the context of divorce, Islamic law places a great responsibility on both parents to protect the rights of the child, including the rights to life, education, health and security. In addition, Islamic family law also provides clear guidelines regarding divorce procedures and children's rights after the divorce occurs. In terms of child care, Islamic law encourages parents to reach a good and fair agreement in the best interest of the child. If there is no agreement, the judge will decide on child care based on the principles of fairness and the best interests of the child.

Perlindungan Hak Anak Dalam Perceraian Menurut Hukum Keluarga Islam

Perlindungan Hak Anak Dalam Perceraian Menurut Hukum Keluarga Islam

GROOMING OFFENCES AGAINST CHILDREN IN INDONESIA

The development of information technology has brought about profound changes in people's lives. No aspect of life is left untouchedand in the world of crime, especially grooming crimes, which target victims who are children, are also experiencing considerable increase. Legal limitations make it difficult for law enforcement officials to carry out more effective law enforcement. This study examines the legal regime and the factors that encourage crime against children. The present research will be an important point of departure as it will influence the work process of law enforcement officers in terms of child care, especially for child victims. This study uses a legal normative method with a qualitative case study approach, a conceptual approach and a legislative approach. The results show that legal arrangements regarding grooming crimes are regulated using different laws, but do not clearly and explicitly address the many important issues around grooming crimes. As a result, law enforcement officials have difficulty interpreting laws in relation to the relevant causal factors, such as the perpetrator, the victim and social factors.

FAMILY EXPERIENCES IN TREATING CHILDREN WITH HIV/AIDS THROUGH ARV THERAPY IN JAYAPURA CITY

Background: HIV / AIDS infected more than 90% of children in 2017, acquired from their mothers. In accordance, special protection from families is crucial. Antiretroviral is the best therapy in PLWHA children’s treatment, and family support is needed to succeed.
 Objective: To explore in detail family experiences in nurturing HIV / AIDS children with ARV therapy in Jayapura City.
 Methods: This research is qualitative research with a phenomenology approach. The selection of participants was obtained by purposive sampling, and 8 participants were selected to be interviewed using voice recorder and file notes. Data were analyzed using nine stages of Colaizzi.
 Results: There are five themes, namely: the initial obstacles faced by the family of ODHA children; Family efforts to care for children living with HIV / AIDS; Constraints in child care; Form of health care workers; Fulfilling physical, psychological, and laboratory needs.
 Conclusion: Participants lacking in knowledge regarding HIV / AIDS. Consequently, it became the major obstacle faced by families of ODHA children, this affecting delayed child's HIV status, but in terms of child care, there is a lot of support for children

The Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Food Sector and on Supermarket Employees in France during the First Lockdown Period.

During the first lockdown period due to the COVID-19 pandemic, from the 17 March 2020 to the 11 May 2020 in France, essential professionals (nursing staff, police officers, supermarket staff, etc.) continued to be physically present at their workplaces. The present study focuses on exploring impacts of the pandemic on supermarket staff and on the food sector in France: COVID transmission among supermarket workers, working conditions, food supply, etc. For that, two anonymous surveys were addressed to supermarket employees and to supermarket supervisors. In total, 1746 responses from employees and 171 responses from supervisors were recorded all over France. Over 70% of employees and almost 50% of supervisors were women and over 50% of employees were between 25 and 40 years old. The following main trends in terms of physical and psychological impacts are revealed: 7% of employees working during the lockdown reported having COVID, although a still poorly developed screening and lack of diagnostic tests during the first lockdown should be kept in mind. The working conditions changed; higher work load, a more stressful environment, inappropriate client attitude, a lack of recognition, fatigue, and shortages were reported. A lack of government recognition, namely no prime allocations to supermarket staff during the lockdown period, is also often mentioned. Finally, no priority was given for store employees in terms of childcare.

Family Experiences in Treating Children with HIV/AIDS Through ARV Therapy in Jayapura City

HIV / AIDS is a chronic disease, can not be cured completely and the incidence rate is always there in every year, so it can have broad impact on all aspects of life especially physical, psychological, social, and spiritual. Thus can affect the quality of life of patients themselves. HIV/AIDS infected more than 90% of children in 2020, acquired from their mothers. In accordance, special protection from families is crucial. Antiretroviral is the best therapy in PLWHA children’s treatment, and family support is needed to succeed. The objective of this study is to explore in detail family experiences in nurturing HIV/AIDS children with ARV therapy in Jayapura City. Methods: This research is qualitative research with a phenomenology approach. The selection of participants was obtained by purposive sampling, and 8 participants were selected to be interviewed using voice recorder and file notes. Data were analyzed using nine stages of Colaizzi. Results: There are five themes, namely: the initial obstacles faced by the family of ODHA children; Family efforts to care for children living with HIV/AIDS; Constraints in child care; Form of health care workers; Fulfilling physical, psychological, and laboratory needs. Conclusion: Participants lacking in knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS. Consequently, it became the major obstacle faced by families of ODHA children, this affecting delayed child's HIV status, but in terms of child care, there is a lot of support for children

PROGRESSIVE READING OF CHILD CUSTODY RIGHTS IN INDONESIA: A GENDER JUSTICE PERSPECTIVE ON MARRIAGE LAW

Disputes over child custody often occur after a divorce. Although the regulation on child custody has been regulated in the Marriage Law and Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), it is allegedly not responsive enough to gender justice that gives child custody to one party based on the particular type genitals. So this triggers gender inequality and injustice. This article analyses the problem of establishing child custody descriptively analytically with a gender approach as a tool of analysis. This article concludes that the laws and regulations in Indonesia regarding the determination of child custody are still classified as gender-biased and have not been responsive enough to the issue of gender justice. Reciprocal interpretation model (qira'ah mubadalah), as a new approach in understanding the text, if applied in following the rules can be interpreted with the perspective of distinction between men and women who place women and men as human subjects that are whole and equal. Thus, both mothers and fathers alike have the same opportunities in child custody as long as they have qualified abilities in terms of childcare.

Unwed single mothers in South Korea: Increased vulnerabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic

Unwed single mothers in South Korea are a highly vulnerable population in terms of socioeconomic status, lack of social support, and the high level of discrimination that they have to live through due to existing stigma attached to this population. As a result, they are more likely to be living in poverty, and to be socially isolated and less likely to utilize health- and mental health care. The short essay presents the unwed single mothers’ increased vulnerabilities during COVID-19 pandemic in terms of childcare, financial crisis, and mental health.

Parenting and Relational Well-being During the Transition to Parenthood: Challenges for First-time Parents

The transition to parenthood is a momentous time that has numerous repercussions for new parents, as a couple and as individuals. This qualitative exploratory study examines new parents’ experiences and perceptions of the challenges in assuming the parenting role and maintaining relational well-being. Twenty-three new parent heterosexual or same-sex couples, belonging to various ethnocultural groups, with a child aged from 6 to 18 months, and residing in the Greater Montreal Area (Quebec, Canada) underwent semi-directed dyadic interviews followed by individual interviews. Topics addressed concerned their trajectories before, during, and after the child’s birth. Thematic analysis revealed three central challenges during the transition to parenthood: (1) loss of individuality and couplehood, given the primary identity as parent; (2) parental equality in terms of childcare and the associated tasks: a significant source of irritation; and (3) managing expectations: the influence of social norms and judgments on parental self-development. Gender, the fact of having borne the child or not, and identification as a homoparental family influenced the experience of the transition to parenthood. These challenges were amplified by factors that impeded their adjustment to the new parenting role: fatigue and lack of sleep; social isolation and feelings of solitude; and the work–school–family balancing act. Recommendations aimed at the sharing of tasks, the distribution of parental leave and the gendered nature of maternity are proposed to make new and future parents aware of these game-changing transformations during the transition to parenthood.

Factors influencing promotive behaviours in mothers of Indonesian children with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder.

ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify predictors of promotive behaviours in mothers of Indonesian children with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID).MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive survey was administered to 245 mothers who were caring for children with ARFID. Data were collected with a self-administered questionnaire. For descriptive data analysis, independent t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal–Wallis, and multiple linear regression were employed.ResultsThe factors related to promotive behaviours in these mothers were embodied in mutual parenting, especially in terms of childcare (p = 0.001 < 0.05) and interaction with children (p = 0.001 < 0.05. Additionally, multiple linear regression showed that mutual parenting remained at the communication domain, with children as the primary predictor (β 0.401, p 0.001), where the number of children (β −0.201, p = 0.008) influenced the promotive behaviours.ConclusionsThis study found that the number of children and mutual parenting in interacting with children were key factors that influenced promotive behaviours in mothers of children with ARFID. We suggest that nursing interventions can potentially improve promotive behaviours in this population.

Parenting Bagi Orang Tua Muda di Pusat Pembelajaran Keluarga Surabaya Perspektif Abdullah Nashih `Ulwan

In this information and technology era, families face many challenges, especially in terms of childcare. The many social issues related to the family, especially the role of parents, make government institutions take the initiative to build family resilience by providing parents with knowledge about parenting. This article intends to highlight parenting activities for young parents held by the Surabaya City Government through the Puspaga (Family Learning Center) program. This program is intended to increase the knowledge of young parents about parenting towards children and make them aware of the importance of knowledge about parenting as a provision to foster harmonious families. Data was collected using interview techniques with participants and Puspaga administrators and documentation techniques. To assess this practice, the author uses child education theory according to Abdulloh Nashih 'Ulwa who emphasizes education in the fields of faith, morals, physical, psychological, resourceful, and social. The parenting program for young parents held by Puspaga is compatible with the concepts of Islamic education according to Abdullah Nashih 'Ulwa.

Double UK standards

The governments of England and Wales may be heading in opposite directions in terms of childcare and school starting age, both driven by cost issues rather than learning needs.

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The aim of this study is to search the parents who have children aged between 3 to 6 years in Mersin’s Toros district, and to specify how their attitudes of child care- education. At the same time this study also searches the effects of parents’ socioeconomic level of child rearing. This study has been implemented on the 232 volunteer parents who have children aged between 3 and 6 years in Mersin’s Toros district. Applied family life and child care –education scale which has been developed with Oner and Torun (1989), consisted of questionnaires which will affect the attitudes of the parents in terms of child care- education and this includes demographic information which will introduce the parents. These surveys have been performed by the parents who have children in Toros district’s Playschools, kindergartens and day care center by one-to-one interviews. The data which is obtained from surveys by the help of the SPSS 16.0 packet program has been evaluated by using the rate per cents, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t- test of analysis of variance and one way ANOVA. In consequence of this assessment has been seen the significant differences between participants’ ages and protectiveness dimension F (3,228) = 2,553; p<0,050], and has been seen the meaningful differences between levels of income and overprotective dimension [f (4,227) =3, 361; p<0,050] As a consequence has been seen the significance of the family’s socioeconomic level of child rearing. Child-rearing attitudes of families with low socio-economic level had significantly more protective attitude.

Grandparenting and Childbearing in the Extended Family

The study analyzes the role of grandparents’ childcare provision on their adult children’s fertility behavior using data from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) for eleven European countries. An important innovation is that we take into account siblings’ fertility behavior and share of grandparents’ time in terms of childcare. We show that availability of grandparents plays an important role in individuals’ decision of having children. Being helped by grandparents increases the chance of childbearing when existing grandchildren are not too young. On the other hand, the probability of having a child is lower when grandparents are already looking after a sibling’s young child. The role of grandparenting appears stronger in the South of Europe, where public childcare for young children is less prevalent.

Family-to-Work Conflict: Gender, Equity and Workplace Policies

Balancing parenthood and a successful career in workplace holds unique challenges, especially for women who often report greater demands in terms of child care and family obligations. Gender and parenthood status influence couple’s definitions and perceptions of the work and family demands and responsibilities, and thus lead to different work and family outcomes measured by job satisfaction and marital satisfaction. This study examines gender differences on work-family conflict and job satisfaction as related to the division of labor and perceptions of equity and fairness by drawing on a U.S. representative data from the 2002 National Study of the Changing W orkforce (NSCW). The trend in balancing work and family responsibilities in the U.S. society is analyzed. Adaptive strategies and practical considerations for workplace policies are discussed. Future research and policy applications are suggested to both sides of parenthood experience in working family, and cultural considerations on work-family conflict.

With or Without You: Hazard of Divorce and Intra-Household Allocation of Time

This paper investigates the relationship between the probability of divorce and marriage specific investments. As these investments in terms of childcare and household activities are likely to increase the marital surplus, they are consequently likely to decrease the risk of divorce. All such activities, however, are characterized by gender role bias through, for example, social norms. In periods in which married women enjoy greater outside options (e.g., by increasing their labor force participation), it is expected that households in which the husband takes on typically female chores are less likely to dissolve, while couples in which the wife takes on typically male chores are more likely to divorce. The paper tests this hypothesis using data from the National Longitudinal Survey NLS) of Mature Women, the NLS Young Women, and the NLSY79. The prediction is strongly supported by the data with respect to older cohorts while it loses empirical relevance when tested on younger individuals. Furthermore, asymmetric effects between genders gain importance over time. Finally, an explanation for the relationship between divorce and marital investments is offered in terms of increasing intra-household time consumption complementarities. To this end, data from the American Time Use Surveys from 1965 to 2005 are studied to illustrate how time spent together by partners in the same household has become increasingly crucial in the American family.

Fathers' Presence Speeds the Social and Reproductive Careers of Sons

To date, the great majority of human paternal investment studies have focused on the effects that men have on their preadolescent children, mainly in terms of child care and provisioning. These qualifications limit the ways in which paternal investment is viewed, potentially obscuring a more complete understanding of the importance of paternal care. In this study, I explore how paternal investment in postadolescent sons can have measurable benefits on the social and reproductive careers of young men. Using data from a group of Martu Aborigines living in Australia’s Western Desert, I investigate the importance of fathers and other elder male relatives to the timing of young men’s initiation, as well as how that timing correlates to future reproductive success. The presence of both biological fathers and father figures promoted an earlier age at initiation, and early age at initiation was found to predict both the likelihood that a young man currently has a child and his current number of known offspring. These results demonstrate that paternal investment, when construed more broadly, can have measurable benefits on the social and reproductive careers of young men.

Las abuelas como cuidadoras: una visión ecológica de su rol

El presente artículo de reflexión teórica tiene como objetivo explorar los aspectos involucrados en el hecho de convertirse en abuelo o abuela, su función de cuidadora familiar y sus redes de apoyo (relaciones afectivas o laborales) desde una perspectiva ecológica. En Colombia, las familias valoran el rol de abuela cuidadora, particularmente en la conformación de familias extendidas, pues se convierte en un recurso social para las personas (en cuanto al cuidado de los niños) y una fuente de apoyo emocional en situaciones difíciles (separación, divorcio, maternidad adolescente, viudez, desplazamiento forzado). Además, de que se favorece un mejor aprovechamiento de los recursos económicos, por un trabajo no remunerado. En cuanto al rol de la abuela como cuidadora y las ya mencionadas redes, en las cuales está involucrada o puede llegar a acceder, se destaca una posible sobrecarga en sus labores y el estrés debido al cuidado que brindan como red de apoyo familiar, aunque este hecho también puede estar relacionado con aislamiento o falta de otras redes de apoyo que cuiden de ella. Finalmente, se presentan algunas posibilidades de investigación e intervención para identificar y favorecer las redes de apoyo de las abuelas.

With or Without You: Divorce Rates and Intra-Household Allocation of Time

This paper investigates the relationship between the probability of divorce and marriage specific investments. As these investments in terms of childcare and household activities are likely to increase the marital surplus, they are consequently likely to decrease the risk of divorce. All such activities, however, are characterized by gender role bias through, for example, social norms. In periods in which married women enjoy greater outside options (e.g., by increasing their labor force participation), it is expected that households in which the husband takes on typically female chores are less likely to dissolve, while couples in which the wife takes on typically male chores are more likely to divorce. The paper tests this hypothesis using data from the National Longitudinal Survey (NLS) of Mature Women, the NLS Young Women, and the NLSY79. The prediction is strongly supported by the data with respect to older cohorts while it loses empirical relevance when tested on younger individuals. Furthermore, asymmetric effects between genders gain importance over time. Finally, an explanation for the relationship between divorce and marital investments is offered in terms of increasing intra-household time consumption complementarities. To this end, data from the American Time Use Surveys from 1965 to 2005 are studied to illustrate how time spent together by partners in the same household has become increasingly crucial in the American family.

Paid Parental Leave: An Employee Right or Still An Ideal? An Analysis of the Situation in Québec in Comparison with North America

Over recent years, parental leave policy in Canada has evolved quite considerably. Since 2001, Canadian employees have a right to a 1 year paid parental leave; those in the province of Quebec have a better paid, more flexible regime. This paper first shows that Quebec is somewhat of an exception in the North American context, with its inclusive mode of governance which contributes to positive policies in terms of family and childcare. This is due to a few elements: the recognition of a declining birthrate, but more importantly the significant involvement and actions of women’s advocacy organizations, in the context of an inclusive governance of family policy. We will defend the hypothesis that Quebec has adopted a cumulative (or work–family balance) model in the field of work–family relation, while the US and English Canada tend to still resort mainly to a laissez-faire attitude, which to this day has limited employee rights in terms of parental leave, but also in terms of child care.