Term Hemangioma Research Articles

Polidocanol sclerotherapy for intraoral hemangioma of buccal mucosa: a rare case report

The term hemangioma derives from the Greek word, “hema” which expresses blood, “angio” implies vessel, “oma” corresponds to tumor. A hemangioma is a type of an innocuous lesion of blood vessels or vascular components defined by a proliferative growth stage and a very prolonged involutive stage. The prevalence of hemangiomas is estimated to be around 2-3% in neonates, 10-12% in the first year of life, and 22-30% found amongst babies whose weight is less than 1000g at the time of birth. Most of the hemangiomas occur as single lesion. Peripheral hemangiomas treated by surgical excision is an example of gold standard treatment for hemangiomas. Alternatively sclerosing solutions may be used as they obliterate blood vessels, thereby leading to fibrosis and disappearance of the hemangioma. It is relatively uncommon in the oral cavity. Polidocanol (aethoxysklerol) is a detergent solution which act by causing localized inflammatory reaction.

SCLEROTHERAPY USING POLIDOCANOL: A CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OPTION FOR INTRA ORAL HAEMANGIOMA OF BUCCAL MUCOSA.

The word hemangioma comes from Greek word, ‘hema’ which translates blood, ‘angio’ means vessel, ‘oma’ refers to tumor.(1) The term hemangioma was first given by Sznejder et al in 1973 & was called “Haemorraghic Hemangioma.It was first described by Poncet and Dor in 1897 as Botryomycose humane.(2) Vascular lesions are classified either as hemangiomas or vascular malformations(1).
 Keywords: Sclerotherapy ;Hemangioma ;Polidocanol ;Vascular malformations.

Vascular malformation in a bicuspid aortic valve

We report here a case of capillary vascular malformation developed in a bicuspid aortic valve incidentally detected during valve replacement in a 67-year-old male patient. The International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) classification was used to classify this vascular lesion instead of using the term hemangioma. The differential diagnosis and the literature are reviewed.

Vascular Malformation of the Upper Lip

The term hemangioma has traditionally been applied to a variety of vascular lesions, ranging from lifelong conditions to self-limited, benign tumours of infancy. However, despite the frequency of these tumours, their pathogenesis is often incompletely understood and so the management of these lesions still remains controversial. Advances in imaging techniques and novel therapeutic approaches, have altered our understanding of this common problem and the way we approach it. We present a case of vascular malformation of the upper lip and labial mucosa that was surgically treated at our centre. Intraoral mucosal flap were advanced for primary closure of the defect. Postoperative phase was uneventful, six month follow up shows no recurrence of the lesion.

Vancomycin-related partial necrosis of congenital hemangioma

The term hemangioma refers to the common tumor of infancy that exhibits rapid postnatal growth and slow regression during childhood. Infantile hemangiomas are benign vascular neoplasms that develop from the dermal capillary network. Vancomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic agent commonly used in the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive organisms. The most common adverse effect of intravenously administered vancomycin is “red man syndrome” (RMS), which is associated with the rapid infusion of large doses of vancomycin. This reaction is secondary to mast cell degranulation and is characterized by erythema, pruritus, flushing of the upper torso, and, in severe cases, angioedema and (rarely) cardiovascular complications. We present the case of a 3.5-month-old girl who developed partial hemangioma necrosis secondarily to RMS following intravenous administration of vancomycin for the treatment of Gram-positive bacteremia.

Oral hemangioma or vascular malformation: Different entities!

The confusing and often misleading terminology used to define oral vascular tumescences along with the generic use of the term hemangioma has led to inappropriate grouping of a number of entities that are known to be biologically distinct. In many cases, the differential diagnosis between hemangioma and vascular malformation cannot be made on the basis of routine analysis. Hemangiomas were differentiated from vascular malformations by their clinical appearance, histopathologic features, and biologic behavior. However, the term hemangioma is still overapplied by clinicians and pathologists without regard to etiology or clinical behavior. Thus, a critical approach toward vascular tumescence represents the first step to reach a correct diagnosis, understand the disease pathogenesis, and provide better therapy. Here, a case report of arteriovenous malformation in the oral cavity is presented.

Vascular malformation of upper lip and left eye: A case report with nomenclature review

The term Hemangioma though traditional yet until date is the most frequently misused terminology by many radiologists for reporting all variety of vascular anomalies. Mulliken in 1982 developed a thorough study and classification, based on the cellular kinetics of anomalous vessels, and includes two entities:Hemangioma/vascular tumor andVascular malformations (VM).However, the continuous use of an older nomenclature causes confusion resulting in inaccurate diagnoses and hence potential mismanagement. The management of these abnormalities presents both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and they expand to include the preservation of both functional concerns and cosmetic appearance of the affected structures. Further the application of more advanced diagnostic techniques, all gives the precise localization of the source vessel allowing for making excision and reconstructive planning more accurate and satisfactory. Here we present a case of a 16-year-boy diagnosed with low flow VM affecting upper lip causing and left eye.

Multimorphic Vascular Anomaly

Objective: To describe a rare case of multimorphic vascular anomaly. Method: A 7-year-old boy presented for massive congenital tumors in the intraorbital, right frontoparietal, and nasal tip areas. After excision, pathological evaluation revealed the intraorbital lesion consistent with lymphatic malformation. The frontoparietal mass was a cavernous hemangioma. The nasal lesion was a soft tissue hamartoma. Results: A growing body of clinical, histological, and radiological evidence supports the conclusion that vascular tumors of childhood represent a number of distinct entities with diverse etiologies and clinical behaviors. Immunohistochemical and gene expression analyses yielded important clues regarding these etiologies. An absolute requisite of meaningful diagnosis and study of these lesions is precise histopathological description, combined with clinical and radiological evaluation. Conclusion: Unfortunately, overgeneric use of the term hemangioma has led to inappropriate grouping of entities that we now know are dissimilar, hampering research efforts and causing problems when making comparisons between cases reported in the literature. This patient had 3 different tumors according to pathological evaluation.

Updated Classification of Hemangiomas and Other Vascular Anomalies

Vascular anomalies comprise a widely heterogenous group of tumors and malformations. Great confusion has arisen because of the term hemangioma has been and is continued to be used to represent a multitude of vascular entities. This review presents the updated classification of vascular anomalies with the goal of clarifying the term hemangioma. In addition, newer clinical concepts in hemangiomas and other vascular tumors is presented. Hemangioma subtypes and hemangioma variants are also discussed, and a brief review of pyogenic granuloma and Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma is provided. Finally, the immunohistochemical marker GLUT1 is reviewed, a marker that heralds a new era in vascular anomalies research.

Hemangiomas in children.

Hemangiomas are the most common soft-tissue tumors of infancy, occurring in approximately 5 to 10 percent of one-year-old children. Despite the frequency of these tumors, their pathogenesis is not completely understood, and the best approach to their management remains controversial. Research on angiogenesis, an improved knowledge of the classification of the vascular anomalies of infancy, advances in imaging techniques, recently identified complications, and new therapeutic approaches, such as treatment with interferon and lasers, have altered our understanding of this common childhood problem and the way we approach it. The term hemangioma has traditionally been applied to a variety of vascular . . .

Giant Cavernous Hemangioma of the Face

We viewed with interest the Photo Essay Giant Cavernous Hemangioma of the Face. 1 Although the clinical history was limited, this lesion should probably be classified as a mature nevus flammeus with massive soft-tissue hypertrophy. Coincidental glaucoma is commonly seen with nevus flammeus in the distribution of the first and second branches of the trigeminal nerve. 2 The authors accurately cited a definition of cavernous hemangioma by Cooper. 3 However, the nomenclature commonly used to discuss vascular birthmarks has been a major obstacle to our understanding and management of the broad classification of lesions. 4(chap2) The term hemangioma has been variously applied to describe a wide variety of congenital and acquired vascular anomalies. Fortunately, a growing body of literature has helped to clarify the diverse characteristics of these lesions. A nevus flammeus or port-wine stain is one of the most common vascular malformations, occurring in 0.3% of newborns. 4(chap10) Glaucoma,

Hemangiomas

The lack of standardized terminology has been a significant obstacle to a clear understanding of vascular lesions. Although the classic hemangioma undergoes involution with time, the term hemangioma has been used generically to include various vascular lesions, such as port-wine stains or venous malformations. Hemangiomas differ significantly from these other vascular lesions with regard to their clinical and histologic characteristics as well as long-term prognosis. In 1982, Mulliken and Glowacki published a classification scheme that simplified the nomenclature of vascular anomalies. It is based on the cellular biology and natural history of these lesions. The authors divide vascular birthmarks into two groups: hemangiomas and vascular malformations. Definitions HEMANGIOMAS Hemangiomas are defined as benign neoplasms composed of proliferative and hyperplastic vascular endothelium. They are dynamic lesions that demonstrate rapid postnatal growth followed by slow involution. Resolution is associated with diminished cellularity and fibrosis. Hemangiomas are subdivided into three types: superficial, deep, and mixed. Superficial hemangiomas, otherwise referred to as capillary or strawberry hemangiomas, lie in the papillary (upper) dermis. Deep lesions, also called cavernous, hypodermal, or subcutaneous hemangiomas, lie in the reticular (lower) dermis, fat, and muscle. Hemangiomas also may be mixed, having both superficial and deep components. Whether capillary hemangiomas differ histologically from cavernous lesions is controversial.

Biological classification of soft-tissue vascular anomalies: MR correlation.

MR imaging has proved useful for delineating the extent of vascular anomalies when applied to artemiovenous malfommations (AVM5) [1] on lymphatic malformations [2]. However, the term hemangioma is often used generically, and in the past has been used to describe a combination of infantile hemangiomata and venous malformations with confusing radiologic findings [3]. The biological classification of vascular anomalies proposed by Mulliken et al. [4, 5] is based on cellular turnover, histology, natural history, and physical findings. It cleanly separates hemangiomas of infancy (tumors with an early proliferative and later involuting stage) from vascular malformations: capillary, lymphatic, venous, arterial, on combined (e.g., capillary venous, lymphaticovenous, AVM). This classification has been useful clinically [5], has been correlated with angiogmaphy [6], and recently has been adopted for interventional radiology [7]. It is the official nomenclature for the International Workshop for the Study of Vascular Anomalies [5]. Materials and Methods