Teratogenicity Of Vitamin Research Articles

Vitamin A-containing dietary supplements from German and US online pharmacies: market and risk assessment.

Vitamin A supplements are used by many people, and the number of newly registered dietary supplements is continuously increasing. The preparations fall under food law and are not subject to the strict controls of pharmaceuticals. Risk indications and maximum quantity recommendations, e.g., from the Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are not binding, which means that overdoses and potentially serious health problems can easily occur. The hepatotoxicity and teratogenicity of vitamin A are well documented, and other negative effects of high doses of vitamin A are also being discussed. Nevertheless, preparations with exorbitantly high doses are freely available for sale and unrestricted. In this study, 75 supplements containing vitamin A available in Germany and 26 available in the USA were critically examined on the basis of various parameters such as the recommended daily dose according to the manufacturer, daily therapy costs (DTC), the presence of warnings about overdose, use during pregnancy and breastfeeding, and information on adverse effects/interactions. The aim was to gain insights into their risk potential and to examine the need for closer monitoring and stricter guidelines for these preparations. The results show some considerable country-specific differences. Overall, there are serious deficiencies in compliance with the labeling requirements for both the German and the US preparations, and the dosages are often far too high in view of the applicable expert recommendations. Overall, these deficits can pose a risk for consumers that is difficult to assess in its entirety, especially for vulnerable consumer groups. It should be noted that the US preparations perform better overall than the German preparations. This suggests better regulation of dietary supplements in the US market. Based on the available data and literature research, it is doubtful whether the intake of vitamin A-containing preparations, without a diagnosed vitamin A deficiency, has a positive health benefit. Furthermore, it should be examined whether vitamin A should continue to be offered over-the-counter as a food supplement.

Effect of Alkaloid on the Teratogenicity of Vitamin A

Effect of Alkaloid on the Teratogenicity of Vitamin A

Vitamin a dose and birth defects.

American researchers say they have quantified the risk of the teratogenicity of Vitamin A in the results of a study of 22,000 pregnant women carried out between 1984 and 1987. An increased proportion of babies with birth defects was found in women who had taken supplements of over 10,000iu per day.

The potential for teratogenicity of vitamin A and its congeners

The potential for teratogenicity of vitamin A and its congeners

Effect of Alkaloid on the Teratogenicity of Vitamin A

Effect of Alkaloid on the Teratogenicity of Vitamin A

Teratogenic Potential of Isotretinoin

Abstracts| September 01 1986 Teratogenic Potential of Isotretinoin Pediatr Rev (1986) 8 (3): 68–94. https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.8-3-68 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Teratogenic Potential of Isotretinoin. Pediatr Rev September 1986; 8 (3): 68–94. https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.8-3-68 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All PublicationsAll JournalsPediatrics In ReviewPediatricsHospital PediatricsNeoReviewsAAP Grand RoundsAAP NewsAll AAP Sites Search Advanced Search Pharmacologic therapy for acne, for the most part, consists of topical keratolytic agents and systemic antibiotics, but these modalities have had very little success in the treatment of cystic acne. In September 1982, isotretinoin, a Vitamin A derivative, was marketed for the treatment of recalcitrant acne and has proven to be efficacious. Because of the known teratogenicity of vitamin A in animal models, a manufacturer's warning was issued advising patients not to take this medication if they were pregnant or intended to become pregnant.Despite these warnings, there are reported cases of multiple congenital anomalies in infants born to mothers who took isotretinoin during the first half of pregnancy. Among the reported cases is a premature infant of 30 weeks' gestation born to a 22-year-old woman who used isotretinoin during her first 2 months of pregnancy. Topics: isotretinoin This content is only available via PDF. Copyright © 1986 by the American Academy of Pediatrics1986 You do not currently have access to this content.

Teratogenic Potential of Isotretinoin

Pharmacologic therapy for acne, for the most part, consists of topical keratolytic agents and systemic antibiotics, but these modalities have had very little success in the treatment of cystic acne. In September 1982, isotretinoin, a Vitamin A derivative, was marketed for the treatment of recalcitrant acne and has proven to be efficacious. Because of the known teratogenicity of vitamin A in animal models, a manufacturer's warning was issued advising patients not to take this medication if they were pregnant or intended to become pregnant. Despite these warnings, there are reported cases of multiple congenital anomalies in infants born to mothers who took isotretinoin during the first half of pregnancy. Among the reported cases is a premature infant of 30 weeks' gestation born to a 22-year-old woman who used isotretinoin during her first 2 months of pregnancy.

Effect of Alkaloid on the Teratogenicity of Vitamin A

Effect of Alkaloid on the Teratogenicity of Vitamin A

Toxicology, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity of some orally administered retinoids.

This paper is a review of the acute, subchronic, and chronic toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity of vitamin A, tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid), isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid), and etretinate. The results of in vitro mutagenicity testing of the retinoids are also presented. In addition to teratogenesis studies, experiments designed to evaluate the effects of the retinoids on fertility and reproductive performance and on perinatal and postnatal development are also described.

Teratogenicity of vitamin B6 deficiency: omphalocele, skeletal and neural defects, and splenic hypoplasia.

Vitamin B(6) deficiency was induced in pregnant rats with a deficient diet and with 4-deoxypyridoxine, a B(6) antagonist. Treated animals developed typical skin changes of B(6) deficiency. Fetuses were small and appeared anemic. Major fetal malformations were omphalocele, exencephaly, cleft palate, micrognathia, digital defects, and splenic hypoplasia. This teratologic system was developed as a model for human syndromes that exhibit combined immunologic and neurologic or skeletal defects.

The Metabolism and Transplacental Passage of 3H-Vitamin D3 in the Pregnant Primate, Macaca mulatta

In animal system excessive maternal ingestion of vitamin D during pregnancy has been shown to cause in the offspring most of the bony and arterial pathology seen in idiopathic hypercalcamia of infancy. This disease is felt by some to be due to altered responsiveness of the fetus and/or mother to vitamin D. Mammals, including man, convert vitamin D to 25-hydroxy vitamin D before the vitamin has its characteristic effects. A previous study demonstrated nonspecific antirachitic activity in cord serum of rabbits whose mothers had been given massive vitamin D doses during pregnancy. The current study demonstrates not only how much, but also, in what metabolic form the vitamin traverses the placenta. C-sections were performed 6, 24, 48 and 100 h after IV administration of 3H-vitamin D3 in non-physiologic doses to pregnant rhesus monkeys. All tissues within the fetal compartment were studied for the amount and metabolic state of the vitamin present. Results show that the placenta acts as a barrier and storage organ from which the fetal serum somewhat selectively supplies fetal tissues with, mainly, 25-hydroxy vitamin D. Fetal tissues do not appear to convert vitamin D to 25-hydroxy vitamin D. The data suggest that at physiologic doses the fetal tissues would probably not be exposed to unaltered vitamin D. This suggests that the teratogenicity of vitamin D is due to undue exposure of fetal tissues to the unaltered vitamin.