Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch Research Articles

QFD/TRIZ Based Mechanical Structure Design of Elderly Walker

To ensure the safety of the elderly and to provide a convenient and comfortable travel experience, elderly walkers are widely used. The Quality Function Deployment (QFD)/Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch (TRIZ) integrated model is constructed and the specific implementation process is given by starting from the mechanical structure of the product. Firstly, the design requirements of the existing structure of the product are obtained from the elderly users by interview, and the requirements are classified into three categories: walking state, stationary state, and handling state from the state of the elderly travel. Then, on the basis of the requirements, a characteristic House of Quality (HOQ) for walkers suitable for the elderly was constructed, and the relationship matrix inside the HOQ was further analyzed to integrate and eliminate the characteristics of different products. Finally, the negative correlation characteristic problem in the autocorrelation matrix of the quality roof is extracted, and after transforming it into TRIZ problem, the product characteristic conflict in the design stage is eliminated by using TRIZ theory. Through the combination of the two methods, the objective requirement acquisition and the scientific design positioning in the design research stage are ensured. This study verifies the feasibility of the integrated model applied to elderly walkers through specific design practices.

An Innovation Design Approach for Product Service Systems Based on TRIZ and Function Incentive

Good balance between product and service is the key in the innovative design of product service systems (PSS). In this study, the evolution route of the PSS based on Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch ideal final result was provided. The function model of the PSS was constructed according to the service blueprint and function system diagrams. On this basis, an innovation design method of the PSS based on function incentive was established. The function incentive strategies included function synergy, function supplement, and function substitution. Finally, the PSS design process of agricultural machinery based on computer-aided innovation platform was analyzed to verify this method.

Research on New Energy Automobile Manufacturing Service Derivatization Based on TRIZ

The development of the new energy automobile industry is crucial to the industrial structure upgrading of the manufacturing industry in developing countries. The more efficient service derivation of new energy vehicles needs to be considered from the perspective of manufacturing innovation. This article discusses the feasibility of applying the theory of Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch (TRIZ) to the service derivative of new energy vehicles and forms a preliminary idea according to the characteristics of the service derivative of the manufacturing industry. By using the analysis tool and solution of TRIZ, this paper investigates the practical problem in developing the new energy vehicle market to verify a solution. The research shows that TRIZ can effectively generate new energy automobile manufacturing service derivative schemes and explore the service derivative path.

Strategic Planning for Improving Nongreen Impact Factors of Traditional Coal Logistics in China

Based on the nongreen impact factors of coal logistics and traditional coal companies, this study aims to understand the role of such factors in coal supply, production, distribution, recycling, and waste logistics. Porter’s five forces model is used to analyze the potential competitors, peer competitors, substitutes, and coal buyers and suppliers in traditional coal logistics enterprises in order to find the key problems in nongreen impact factors affecting traditional coal logistics. Then, Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch (TRIZ) is used to formulate the corresponding six strategies for key problems. Lastly, the interpretative structural model is used to analyze and establish a systematic process for the development of a strategy. Analysis results show that when traditional coal enterprises improve their problems under the influence of nongreen impact factors, they should first establish strategic partnerships with nodes in the supply chain to exchange problems in coal production and coal enterprise operations and help each other achieve mutual benefits. After establishing a cooperative relationship with other enterprises, they can use advanced logistics information technology to establish a logistics system and external communication channels with other cooperative enterprises, thereby helping their own enterprises improve in terms of green production, green scale, and green transportation. Meanwhile, traditional coal enterprises should strengthen product quality supervision, increase production transparency, and improve the quality of coal production. Furthermore, the relationship with suppliers must be maintained for a long time. Market research must also be conducted to understand the needs of the coal market, ensure the development of new products, and maintain the advantages of traditional coal companies in the market competition.

Green Manufacturing Strategy of E-Commerce Express Packaging in China

With the development of electronic business, the increase in express packages has caused innumerable express packaging wastes that lead to many problems, such as resource waste and environmental pollution. To achieve sustainable development, China should urgently develop green manufacturing of green express packaging. A questionnaire is designed to investigate consumers, e-commerce sellers, and express delivery practitioners from three research dimensions, namely, overpackaging, green packaging materials, and express packaging recycling. The six key factors uncovered with gray relational analysis are the lax supervision of express packaging; the shortage of green packaging materials and professional Research and Development (R&D) personnel; the recycling of express packaging; the lack of industry standards, laws, and regulations; materials for express packaging; and diversified difficulties of recovery. Then, green manufacturing countermeasures for developing green express packaging are proposed using Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch (TRIZ). Strengthening the supervision of packaging and formulating plans for green talent training are necessary in the short term. In the medium term, focus should be on the monitoring of programs and R&D support for enterprises. For the long-term strategy, concerned establishments and/or authorities must retain professionals, raise public awareness of environmental protection, and establish a standardized recycling system. TRIZ improvement strategy can be introduced into the green manufacturing of green express packaging to increase the possibility of successful and sustainable development of the use of green express packaging.

Service Blueprint Development for China’s College Campus Express Delivery based on Grey Relational Analysis and TRIZ

The express delivery industry has developed rapidly because of the success of e-commerce. The products provided by this industry are “services,” while the nearest contact with consumers is the “distribution” link, which best reflects service satisfaction. If the quality of express delivery service is improved, then such improvement will facilitate the enhancement of consumer satisfaction. At present, college students have become one of the main consumer groups of e-commerce in China. The previous literature mainly discusses the problems and solutions of campus express service, but it lacks the combination with the campus express service process. Therefore, this study uses China’s domestic A and B colleges as examples to discuss important key factors of the satisfaction of college students with campus express delivery services. The six dimensions (service quality, express delivery cost, delivery quality, delivery time and delivery efficiency, delivery location, and information security) are designed to evaluate the satisfaction degree of the express delivery service of colleges. Based these six dimensions, the evaluation indicators of the satisfaction with express delivery service in colleges are designed to investigate the importance of the evaluation indicators of college express service satisfaction. Results of reliability and validity analysis show that the content of the indicators of each research dimension in the questionnaires conforms to the research structure and the reliability of the questionnaire is good. Moreover, results of the grey relational analysis indicate that four important key factors affect the satisfaction with express delivery services of colleges: “B1. Rationality of picking service charge”; “A2. Home delivery services”; “D2. Pick up quickly, no need to queue long”; and “B2. Reasonable charges for different courier companies.” Thereafter, Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch (TRIZ) analysis is performed to establish seven improved strategies for these factors. These strategies can be divided into external delivery (i.e., S1, S2, S3, and S5) and internal management optimization (i.e., S4, S6, and S7). Lastly, service blueprint is used to decompose the campus express delivery service into process steps. The solution strategies formulated from TRIZ analysis is integrated into the service blueprint to optimize the campus express delivery service process in China. The optimized service blueprint is used as basis to establish workflow guidelines, thereby providing an efficient work advice for campus express delivery services in China.

Yield Improvement in Color Filter Manufacturing Using Taguchi Methods and TRIZ’s Substance–Field Analysis

Thin-film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) has been widely applied to electronic merchandise in daily lives. All panel makers are trying every possible way to produce high-quality products to fight for market share. However, the particle issue in the clean room often causes scrapped panel and increased costs. In the past, engineers in factory usually carried out quality improvement via the trial-and-error and empirical method, yet the results were rather poor, which often delayed the schedule of mass production of new product. A problem-solving procedure has been proposed in this paper, and we use a TFT-LCD maker as an example to explain the effectiveness of this procedure. The particle and gel defects in the process critical to quality are defined via the historical data analysis of the case company. The statistical analysis is utilized to screen out the factors with a significant impact on defective color filter (CF), Taguchi methods are used to find out optimal parameters combination, and the substance–field analysis in the Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch (Russian) and 76 standard solutions come up with the optimal improvement plan to verify the effectiveness of improvement. Finally, the obtained improvement plan is standardized, and a relevant operating standard is revised. The results indicate that the process yield of CF has been improved, which has led to a hard saving of more than U.S. $3.7 million.

A preliminary design innovation aid methodology based on energy analysis and TRIZ tools exploitation

One of the most important aspects of a product design project is innovation and creativity. Therefore the future designer’s ability to be creative and produce innovative and original ideas is inevitable. Training programs are the principle element to help improving ideation spirit in the product design activity. In this issue the paper proposes a design methodology supported by selected innovation tools of the TRIZ theory (an abbreviation of a Russian acronym “Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch” meaning theory of inventive problem solving), subsequently aiming to the development of an interactive design approach. In this work innovation aspect emphasize the preliminary design phase supporting its conceptual design stage with scientific effects to generate ideas in the concept research activity, then the embodiment design stage with TRIZ physical and technical contradictions to resolve an innovative design problem. The proposed methodology adopts an energy vision mainly based on the TRIZ law of completeness of system parts. Results of the proposed methodology exploitation by engineering students in a didactical context are presented in two different case studies for the two preliminary design phases.

Applying TRIZ Instructional Strategies to Vocational Students’ Imaginative Learning and Practice

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of TRIZ (Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch) instructional strategies on students’ imaginative learning. The subjects of this study were students from a vocational school in Taiwan. The quasi-experimental method was used to incorporate TRIZ instructional strategies into imaginative learning and practice and to analyze the effect of these strategies on students’ imaginative learning in their learning portfolios. In addition, a documentary analysis was used to supplement an analysis of the key factors involved with imaginative learning and practice. TRIZ instructional strategies significantly positively affected students’ imaginative learning abilities and can aid in their imaginative learning and practice. Based on the results, this paper summarizes 5-stage key factors, constructs the IDEAL-P imagination teaching model, and offers suggestions for providing students with diversified imaginative learning portfolios, all of which can effectively improve students’ imaginative learning and practice.

CONTEMPORARY HAJ CROWD MANAGEMENT – AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE

INTRODUCTION:The personnel involved in managing hajj must have tried their best to provide a smooth, safe, and effective way in managing all aspects of hajj pilgrims. One of the most critical aspects that necessitate a serious attention is the crowd management of the hajj pilgrims. 'Crowd' here refers to gathering of a huge number of human beings that creates a compact and crowded situation, and may entail with all sorts of risks and threats (Lofland, 1985:3; Musse and Thalman, 1997:39; Brown and Lewis, 1998:649; and Sharma, 2000:298). Being a limited space, that holds hundreds of millions of pilgrims at the specific time especially in Arafah, Mina and Mekah, the pilgrims and their movements inevitably have to be carefully, skillfully, and effectively managed. Otherwise, disasters such as human stampede and health problems originating from the crowd are inevitable1. In other events like sports, politics, and entertainment, even fights could also occur.Due to the above mentioned reasons, one may not reject the importance of crowd management in any case (Imran Khan, 2013), hence the emergence of various forms of crowd management is the need of the hour. Fruin, (1993), for example, proposed that all organizers, or any organization that is involved in crowd management to use FIST which contains four elements. Firstly, be alert at all time of the threats and risks of the crowd; secondly, having knowledge in crowd types that intend to be managed; thirdly, continuous monitoring; and fourthly, give a serious attention on time. Soo Chin Pin, Fazilah Haron, Siamak Sarmady, Abdullah Zawawi Talib and Ahamad Tajudin Khader (2010) suggest TRIZ Theory (in Russian, Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch), which includes compartmentalization principles, nesting principles, pre-action principles, dimensional movement principles, and feedback principles. There are various studies conducted such as by Mohammad Yamin, M. Mohammadian, X. Huang, and Sharma (2008), Mohammad Yamin (2009), Mohamed Mohandes (2010), Alnizari (2011), Al-Hashedi A. H., Muhammad Rafie Mohd Arshad, Hasimah Hj Mohamed, and Ahmad Suhaimi Baharudin (2013), Nabeel Koshak and Akram Nour (2013), and Mohammad Rahami Roslan, Noor Asmawati Samsuri, Mohd Kamal A Rahim, Mohd Afiq Abdul Majid and Mohd Hazmi Mokhtar (2013) which suggest the use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) - a technology that is able to automatically identify and detect human beings, objects, businesses, and incidents using radio frequency (Finkenzeller, 2003; Hodges and McFarlane, 2005; Landt, 2005; and Hossain and Prybutok, 2008).However, the hajj crowd management should not be similar to the crowd management adopted in sports, political, and entertainment events. Unlike the crowd at sports, political, and entertainment events, the hajj pilgrims are all Muslims. The ultimate aim of all activities of each Muslim is for the sake of Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala (SWT) to accomplish the pleasure of Allah SWT (mardhatillah), through implementations that are not in contrary to shari' ah (Yusuf al-Qaradawi, 1996). Since hajj is an Islamic religious activity, like any other Islamic activities, the hajj crowd management, logically, should be based on a concept that emerges from within Islamic epistemological and philosophical underpinnings, namely the Islamic crowd management itself (Muhammad Syukri Salleh, 2003). But what is meant by Islamic crowd management? How does the hajj crowd being managed now? How far does the current hajj crowd management system is in compliance to the Islamic crowd management?This paper attempts to seek for answers to these three questions. In doing so, the paper is divided into three main sections. Firstly, the concept of Islamic crowd management; secondly, the current practice of crowd management; and thirdly, the contemporary hajj crowd management system vis-a-vis the Islamic crowd management.THE CONCEPT OF ISLAMIC CROWD MANAGEMENT:The concept of Islamic crowd management has yet to exist indeed. …

Apply TRIZ to Improve the Molten Zinc Corrosion Tester in Steel Manufacturing

Abstract In order to study the mechanism of molten zinc corrosion on specific materials, a molten zinc corrosion tester was developed to simulate the working condition in a zinc pot. However, the tester may cause severe oxidation of zinc, which becomes dross floating on the surface. Once the dross accumulated to a certain level, the molten zinc became viscous and affected the movement of the samples. Based on the Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch (TRIZ) methodology and heuristic technique, this study improved the design of the tester so as to solve the oxidation problem. The objective of this study is to minimize the formation of zinc dross to be less than 2 kg in 2 days. After several attempts, the tester reduced oxidation of molten zinc successfully from 2.6 kg of zinc oxide every day down to 2.52 kg every three days. The improvement is 68 %, which is a very outstanding achievement.

Matrix Approach to Analysis of Human Errors and their Prevention by Quality Engineering and Managerial Tools

We apply well-known quality engineering matrix techniques such as quality function deployment; Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch (TRIZ); and failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis for characterizing, mapping, and preventing human error (or, at least, reducing damage caused by errors). Human errors (‘WHATs’, in the language of quality function deployment) are classified according to 10 characteristics, while 20 typical types (or protective layers)—‘HOWs’—in quality assurance systems are proposed for preventing/stopping/minimizing to some extent damage caused by the error. During the analysis of a specific system, any error is estimated according to its likelihood and severity, and every protective layer receives a score according to its effectiveness in preventing errors. Synergy or antagonism between protective layers may also be taken into account when calculating the effectiveness. The approach facilitates evaluation and comparison of the effectiveness of different quality assurance systems dealing with human errors. The authors emphasize the need to create a ‘recipe book’ based on a historical database, which will enable, after characterizing the potential human errors according to the 10 criteria mentioned earlier, application of the optimal prevention efforts. The proposed approach is illustrated by an example of product delivery errors analysis. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Relational reasoning as predictor for engineering ideation success using TRIZ

With the particular technological challenges facing our twenty-first-century society, it is crucial that design engineers continue to foster the innovative potential of students, as well as identify the underlying cognitive abilities which support the innovative process. In this investigation, we examine the predictive link from an individual's analogical and relational reasoning ability to their success using the TRIZ (from the Russian acronym for ‘Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch’ meaning theory of inventive problem-solving) ideation method. TRIZ instruction was shown to significantly increase the novelty of participant's generated solutions to an engineering design problem. Moreover, the degree of the increase in the novelty of a participant's generated ideas was linked to their relational reasoning ability. Specifically, those participants with greater ability to reason relationally experienced a greater increase in ideation success when using the TRIZ method. These empirical findings support existing theoretical accounts of the TRIZ method as an implicitly analogically driven design method. Implications for engineering practice and education, such as the potential to identify individuals most likely to have success in design innovation using tests of relational reasoning, as well as the potential for systematically supporting relational reasoning ability in all students, are discussed.

Innovative Uses of Materials for a Nasogastric Tube Stabiliser Incorporating the TRIZ Method

Nasogastric tubes are a widely used and vital piece of medical equipment for providing daily nutrition to patients, particularly in cases involving elderly patients or those with chronic diseases. However, current methods for stabilising nasogastric tubes are inadequate. Therefore, in this study, we employed a questionnaire survey to analyse the opinions and needs of medical staff. Subsequently, we incorporated these opinions with the innovation principles of the teoriya resheniya izobretatelskikh zadatch (meaning “the theory of inventive problem solving”) to develop a novel type of nasogastric tube stabiliser.

Systematic Ideation Effectiveness Study of TRIZ

The objective of this paper is to present experimental results of a specific ideation method TRIZ (an abbreviation of a Russian acronym of “Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch” meaning theory of inventive problem solving) as compared to ad hoc methods used by students. It is critical to understand how and why TRIZ works as it can lead to improvements on how to teach this method, and also how to analyze ideation methods in general. Our hypothesis is that TRIZ improves the creativity level of subjects using it as observed in the produced design outcomes. The experiments were conducted simultaneously at two institutions: University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) and University of Maryland (UMD). The results were analyzed as part of an existing research partnership with Pennsylvania State University (PSU). The ideation task present here has been used in all three institutions; it is the redesign of a traffic light that uses light-emitting diodes (LED) instead of incandescent bulbs leading to snow build-up on the lights in certain climates as LED's generate less heat to melt the snow. UTEP and UMD student groups were tasked with redesigning the LED traffic lights to resolve this issue. The assessment was performed on the outcome (i.e., ideas generated) using quantity, novelty and variety as metrics. Numerical results of these metrics are shown along with conclusions based on observations of the experimental process. Data presented in this paper conclude that TRIZ does improve the ideation effectiveness metrics Novelty and Variety while slightly reducing Quantity when compared to a control group using ad hoc ideation methods.

The Experiment Improvement of Alloy Power Spraying for Steeling Manufacturing

Copper tundish is used widely in continuous casting in steel production line. Tundish is coated by a special coating in the steel manufacturing. A coating experiment was developed to study the resistant of the copper material against the molten steel corrosion. High velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) method was used to spray the alloy powder on the copper surface to form an alloy coating. However, the experiments are unreliability, waste of material and low efficiency. These would affect to the quality of the samples and spend more time and money to perform the experiment. Base on Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch (TRIZ), this study improved the design of the experiment. After improvment, the average of alloy powder consumed per sample reduces 23.8%, and samples produced in this experiment are twice more than before. This improving will also be applied in other spraying processes.

Study of Improved Algorithms Based on TRIZ Ideality Level

The traditional TRIZ(Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch, Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) ideality level algorithm is improved, on the basis of interpretation of the meaning of ideality level, the concept of ideality level is redefined, the expression, range, domain, and application range of ideality level are explored; by adding weight parameters in the ideality level calculation formula, the relative importance of specific functions is reflected, the concept of idealized innovation is proposed, the correlations among each innovation stage in the total innovation system are established, and the specific application of ideality level is illustrated with the technological evolution process of washing machine as an example.

Systematic technology transfer from biology to engineering

Solutions to problems move only very slowly between different disciplines. Transfer can be greatly speeded up with suitable abstraction and classification of problems. Russian researchers working on the TRIZ (Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch) method for inventive problem solving have identified systematic means of transferring knowledge between different scientific and engineering disciplines. With over 1500 person years of effort behind it, TRIZ represents the biggest study of human creativity ever conducted, whose aim has been to establish a system into which all known solutions can be placed, classified in terms of function. At present, the functional classification structure covers nearly 3 000 000 of the world's successful patents and large proportions of the known physical, chemical and mathematical knowledge-base. Additional tools are the identification of factors which prevent the attainment of new technology, leading directly to a system of inventive principles which will resolve the impasse, a series of evolutionary trends of development, and to a system of methods for effecting change in a system (Su-fields). As yet, the database contains little biological knowledge despite early recognition by the instigator of TRIZ (Genrich Altshuller) that one day it should. This is illustrated by natural systems evolved for thermal stability and the maintenance of cleanliness.

An Eco‐innovation Case Study of Domestic Dishwashing through the Application of TRIZ Tools

The benefits of applying a structured method such as TRIZ (Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch: the Russian theory of inventive problem solving) to Eco‐innovation are examined through use of two problem‐solving tools from TRIZ in an Eco‐innovation case study. A novel problem hierarchy model has been integrated to help identify the systems and sub‐systems level innovations required for Eco‐innovation. The benefits and shortcomings of the TRIZ tools, and the potential contribution of the problem hierarchy model in the innovation process are discussed.