Tension Of Adaptation Mechanisms Research Articles

Assessment of the adaptive potential of children and adolescents in environmentally stressed condition

The purpose of this study was to assess the adaptive potential of children and adolescents living in areas with different environmental quality. An analysis of the environmental situation in the territories of the Ulyanovsk region was carried out on the basis of our own studies of samples of atmospheric air, drinking water from the water supply network, and soils in residential areas of the region for 2009 - 2023. The work uses anthropological research materials collected over 15 years (2008–2023). The survey included 5,053 schoolchildren, aged 7 to 17 years, permanently residing in the region. To determine the degree of influence of environmental factors on the state of the body, a comparative study of morphometric and functional indicators of children and adolescents was carried out. The adaptation potential was determined according to Baevsky. The results of comparison of indicators of the adaptive potential by age groups were assessed using the Wilcoxon T-test and analysis of variance.For comparative analysis, the territories of Sengileevsky and Cherdaklinsky districts were selected, because these municipalities, along with industrial cities, have a high and increased level of environmental tension. For the control group, areas were selected in which low environmental tension was noted - Veshkaimsky and Sursky districts. The adaptive capabilities of children and adolescents are significantly higher in environmentally stressful conditions. In boys, differences in indicators of adaptive potential were identified at two stages of development. In girls, differences in indicators were revealed only during the period of active growth and maturation. With age, indicators of adaptation potential become higher, which indicates the tension of adaptation mechanisms. The high sensitivity of certain functions to environmental factors can be used for their progressive development and makes it possible to control the influence of negative factors to prevent disturbances in the functioning of the body.

Peculiarities of Systemic Hemodynamics and Autonomic Status in Medical Personnel of PCR-Laboratories with Different Emotional Intelligence

INTRODUCTION: The ongoing pandemic of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) places high demands on the activity of PCR-laboratories (laboratories performing polymerase chain reaction). The medical personnel experience overloads due to stay in the red zone wearing the individual protection means, and also in association with a high personal responsibility for the result of their work. One of the criteria that is proposed for professional selection with the aim of increasing the effectiveness of the work of personnel of PCR-laboratories, is the emotional quotient (EQ).
 AIM: To analyze the state of systemic hemodynamics and heart rate variability in medical workers of PCR-laboratories with different emotional intelligence working in condition of COVID-19 pandemic using means of individual protection against the biological factor.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: The extent of health risk and tension of adaptation mechanisms during the work were evaluated by parameters of systemic hemodynamics (tonometry, pulse oximetry) and heart rate variability (cardiorhythmography). Thirty three individuals with the working period in a PCR-laboratory from 1 to 33 months were examined. The average age of the participants at the time of inclusion in the study was 32.4 1.44 years. In 33.7%, EQ corresponded to the medium level (81120 points), and in 66.7% to the high level (121168 points).
 RESULTS: Before the start of the work shift, increased blood supply to tissues in personnel with high EQ was achieved by increased heart activity: cardiac output (CO) 3938.9 ml/min, interquartile range (IQR) = 3404.24230.2 ml/min with the underlying reduction of vessel tone: total peripheral vascular resistance (TPVR) 1922.8 dyn s/cm5, IQR = 1636.52085.8 dyn s/cm5. After the end of the shift, to these compensatory mechanisms (CO 4284.7 ml/min, IQR = 3935.44688.8 ml/min; TPVR 1692.4 dyn s/cm5, IQR = 1584.61903.1 dyn s/cm5), increased myocardial oxygen consumption (MOC; 7917.5 RU, IQR = 7430.28811.0 RU) added as a reaction to the muscular component of labor activity. In individuals with average EQ, these mechanisms were less pronounced in considerable mental stress: before the shift CO 3722.0 ml/min, IQR = 3163.13739.0 ml/min, p = 0.013; TPVR 2303.1 dyn s/cm5, IQR = 2058.12402.1 dyn s/cm5, p = 0.016; after the shift CO 3375.0 ml/min, IQR = 3372.04402.0 ml/min, p = 0.010; TPVR 2010.5 dyn s/cm5, IQR = 1972.62351.9 dyn s/cm5, p = 0.017; MOC 7450.0 RU, IQR = 6653.37867.3 RU, p = 0.023.
 CONCLUSION: The extent of tension of mechanisms of self-regulation of systemic circulation, apart from characteristics of used technical means and the working regime, significantly depends on the level of emotional intelligence. With this, personnel with high emotional intellect are preferable for the work in the red zone because of lower tension of regulatory mechanisms.

Resistance to the action of flight work factors of vietnamese pilots operating russian aviation equipment

This study analyzed the tolerability of factors of flight work by Vietnamese pilots. The effects of aerobatic overloads (statoergometry), hypoxia (hypoxic test), and statokinetic loads (Otolith reaction-10 test) were simulated. To assess the functional state, computer stabilography and psychophysiological techniques were used to determine the reaction of choice and the critical frequency of light flashes. Height, bodyweight, blood pressure, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation were recorded. In this study, 17 Vietnamese (group 1) and 24 Russian (group 2) pilots aged 1922 years were examined. Significant differences in height and bodyweight were found between the groups, which affected the tolerance of static muscle loads. Only 12% of the Vietnamese pilots completed the statoergometric test, and only one of the Russian ones did not reach the fifth stage. The conducted tests did not significantly affect the psychophysiological indicators, although they had multidirectional changes. Thus, when performing a normobaric hypoxic test, the blood pressure, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation at the 5th minute of the recovery period returned to their original values. A slight increase in the pulse rate did not reach statistical significance. In general, the tolerance for normobaric hypoxia in both groups was good. However, a significantly smaller area of displacement of the pressure center of the statokinesiogram indicated a greater strain of adaptation mechanisms in group 1 than in group 2. The reaction to the statokinetic effect also indicated a satisfactory tolerance of the vestibular test Otolith reaction-10. Moreover, the tension of adaptive mechanisms in group 1, in contrast to group 2, was more pronounced. In addition, changes in the indicators of computer stabilography suggest a greater strain of adaptive mechanisms in Vietnamese pilots than in Russian pilots. The results indicate the need to develop methods of preparation for flights with aerobatic overloads and a system of psychophysiological training of pilots of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam to increase resistance to the influence of professional factors of flight work and the successful operation of Russian aviation equipment.

Comparative Assessment of Physical Development of Children and Adolescents Living in Territories with Different Levels of Anthropogenic Load

Introduction: Correlations are considered as a reliable indicator of adaptive variability in populations. Objective: To make a comparative assessment of physical development of children and adolescents living in areas with different levels of anthropogenic load. Material and methods: We analyzed the structure of correlations between morphological and functional indicators of children and adolescents (n = 5,137) and the level of anthropogenic load (from relatively satisfactory to critical) in four territories for the years 2018–2021. We measured body length and weight, chest circumference, right and left hand grip strength, vital capacity of the lungs, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and sexual size dimorphism, and then calculated the body mass index and body surface area. The variability of somatic and functional indices was examined separately in age-standardized groups of 9, 13 and 15-year-old boys and girls. Significant differences in the frequencies of statistical correlations in each group and in different environmental clusters were determined. Results: We established a statistical decrease in body length by 0.82 % and in right and left handgrip strength by 5.22 % and 9.68 %, respectively, accompanied by an increase in body weight by 5.02 %, chest circumference by 1.26 %, and vital capacity by 5.56 %, all associated with an increase in the level of anthropogenic load in the area. In environmental clusters with intense and critical load, we noted a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 4.54 % and 5.89 %, respectively, and an increase in the heart rate by 2.81 %. We found an increase in the total number of age and sex-specific intrasystemic (anthropometric) and intersystemic (anthropometric/hemodynamic) morphofunctional correlations from 186 in clean areas to 228 in heavily polluted ones. Health effects of environmental contamination was the most pronounced in 9-year-old children of both sexes. Conclusion: An increase in the frequency of significant intrasystemic and intersystemic correlations of morphological and functional indicators in children and adolescents with the increase in environmental load indicates tension of adaptive mechanisms in the body; the effect of interactions between environmental pollution and anthropogenic parameters in age and sex groups is attributed to greater sensitivity in the male cohort.

Influence of highlands on the state of human body adaptation

The article identifies and analyses the state of adaptation of the participants of the tourist trip to the conditions of stay in the mountains. The functional reactions of the human body in mountain conditions are affected by a decrease in atmospheric pressure, atmospheric density, decrease in oxygen partial pressure, decrease in humidity, increased solar radiation, and low temperature. Adaptation to the highlands is largely determined by age and athletic skills. Tourists, especially those who came to the mountains for the first time, adapt to new conditions more slowly. A group of tourists made a mountain hike of the III category of complexity lasting 14 days. The travel area was near village Arkhyz. In preparing the route, the goal was to go through a sports route and to determine the impact of the highlands on the human body in practice. It is known that adaptation occurs faster for people who are regularly under conditions of artificial or natural hypoxia. Athletes, who often have endurance loads, can adapt to the conditions of the middle mountains and highlands faster than non-athletes. Also, the process of adaptation is much faster for people who make extensive use of intense physical activity.
 The article shows the dynamics of blood pressure and heart rate of a group of tourists in the highlands. The obtained data characterize the adaptive body reactions.
 After analysing the state of adaptation of the tourist trip participants to the mountain conditions, it can be argued that the period of adaptation of the participants' organisms to the height is different. It could be noticed, that on the eighth day the half of the group had "tension of adaptation mechanisms" and "unsatisfactory adaptation" of the organism to mountainous living conditions, also with the lack of stable adaptation. The rest of the group had better indicators of the state of adaptation on the fifth and sixth day of stay in the highlands. These indicators were characterised as "satisfactory adaptation" with further manifestations of sustainable adaptation, indicating economization of body functions.

STUDENT LIFESTYLE AS A FACTOR OF HEALTH SAVING

Student population is a special group in social and professional terms, which is characterized by the complexity of socio-psychological influences, getting professional education as the main sphere of activity, territorial concentration, commonality of interests, age homogeneity. Student youth is a group of high risk of various diseases. Today, the level of student health raises serious concerns of experts due to the high prevalence of various health abnormalities. The physical and psychological state of students depends on a large number of factors. Among them are lifestyle, often associated with inadequate physical activity, a high expansion of bad habits (smoking, drinking, drug abuse and substance abuse), irrational nutrition, prolonged neuro-psychological stress caused by a significant amount of educational programs, chronic and prolonged lack of time, which is needed to absorb a huge amount of information, worries, in connection with examinations in session, heavy information load, prolonged work on the computer, and a lot of work in the classroom. These factors contribute to the decrease of the body's adaptation capabilities. Health-saving orientation of the educational environment in higher education is possible when creating conditions for the formation of skills to preserve and strengthen the health of students. At the most typical age for students (17-18 years old) researchers observe increased tension of adaptation mechanisms due to neurohumoral changes and specific psychological content, which conditions the critical stage of ontogenesis. Students' adaptation to the conditions of the university includes three periods of acute, transitional and steady course of the adaptation process. The successful adaptation of students is provided by their physiological and intellectual readiness, as well as the formation of emotional, motivational and volitional sphere.

STUDY OF PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL INDICES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Purpose: assessment of functional indices of external respiration, the level of physical health and the general state of the autonomic nervous system of university students. Material: There were examined 192 students aged 18-21 years. All examined were divided into groups depending on gender, age and future profession. Anthropometric indices and parameters of the circulatory system were studied. Spirometer was used to measure the respiratory system functional indices. An express assessment of physical health level was made. Index of functional changes, the Kerdo vegetation index, the orthostatic index, and the Skibinskaya index were calculated. Stange test, Hench test and Martin-Kushelevsky’s test were conducted. Results: The results are showed that the minute blood volume was higher in all examined young girls, whereas in young boys designers and pharmacists aged 17-18 years and 19-21 years, respectively it was lower than due values. Similar data were obtained after the Ruffier test (dynamic load tolerance). The index of vital lung capacity (VC) was significantly lower than due values in all students. The parameters of maximal pulmonary ventilation indicated good functional ability of the external respiration apparatus in young boys. This index was higher than that of young girls and exceeded due values. The adaptation capacities of the student body (index of functional changes (IFI)) were at a satisfactory level. The indices of physical health level of all students had average values. Conclusions: Studies have revealed the most characteristic shifts of cardiorespiratory system indices, which are most expressed in students. Cardiorespiratory system shifts are caused by the influence of a complex of factors: increased academic load; requirements for the professionalization process continuity; performance of various structured activity types, manipulations, a high degree of responsibility. Increased pulse rate and minute blood volume; prevalence of the hyperkinetic type of blood circulation self-regulation at rest; irrational cardiovascular system response to dosed physical load; positive value of the Kerdo vegetation index; decreased ventilatory lung capacity and reserve capacity of cardiorespiratory system; tension of adaptation mechanisms; average level of physical health were recorded in students.

The impact of the labor process severity on the formation of health disorders of protected ground grower

Introduction. The severity of the labor process is one of the leading harmful factors of working conditions in greenhouse vegetable growing. Nevertheless, its influence on the formation of health disorders of vegetable growers has not been sufficiently studied. Material and methods. Physiological, hygienic and epidemiological studies were carried out, which included an assessment of the severity of work in the annual cycle, also the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system and the neuromuscular system in the dynamics of the work shift, the general morbidity of vegetable growers according to registration forms No. 025/y. Results. During the labor activity, vegetable growers were established to be exposed to physical overloads caused by the severity of the labor process (classes 3.2, 3.3) in combination with a heating microclimate (classes 3.1-3.3). By the end of the work shift, there was an increase relative to the initial levels of heart rate (p<0.05), a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, a reduction of maximum muscle strength (by 3.76-5.28%), and endurance of the muscles of the hands (by 18.5-33.15%). This indicated a decrease in working capacity and an increase in fatigue. A reduction in the Skibinski index (by 21.7%) and an increase in the index of resistance to hypoxia (by 38.9%) indicated a decrease in the body’s reserves of oxygen. Increased working levels of the index of functional changes testify about the tension of adaptation mechanisms and insufficient restoration of the body’s resources by the beginning of the shift. A decrease in the body’s physical condition and adaptive capabilities with an increase in professional experience was revealed (p<0.05). There were established statistically significant direct correlations between the prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system (r=0.6), musculoskeletal system, and connective tissue (r=0.35) with work experience in the profession (p<0.05). Conclusion. The revealed violations of the functional state and health of female vegetable growers result from the influence of physical overload in a heating microclimate. The priority measures for the prevention of health disorders of vegetable growers are to reduce physical overload and thermal effects of the working environment.

Features of mental deadaptation formation in powder production workers

Objective. The aim was to assess the impact of production and non-production risk factors on the formation of mental health disorders in chemical workers.
 Materials and methods. 201 employees of the main and 352 employees of the group of control were examined by a clinical method using a clinical structured psychiatric interview; questionnaires to identify additional non-production risk factors; questionnaire of neurotization. The calculations were carried out in the environment of the statistical system R. For modeling dependencies and calculating probabilities, logistic regression models were built, factor analysis was carried out.
 Results. The dependence of the formation of prenosological mental disorders in workers on the temporal characteristics, the level of material support and the actual production factors was revealed. The proportion of persons with mental deadaptation MD) in the main group 72.5 %) and the group of control 27.5 %) significantly differ from each other p 0.001).
 Conclusions. 1. The structure and the actual risk of MD formation among workers in the production of gunpowder is determined by harmful labor factors, depends on economic security, evolves depending on time characteristics. 2. For persons working under the influence of a chemical factor of the production environment in combination with explosive and fire hazardous works, the leading is astheno-vegetative symptomatology in combination with the personality type of conversion reaction. In the first 9 years of experience, general neurotic reactions are observed with a pronounced contribution from all scales, indicating the tension of adaptation mechanisms up to the formation of decompensation. With an increase in the length of time, the reactions are transformed into a conversion type of response according to the somato-vegetative type with a phobic radical and obsessions, and subsequently manifest themselves in relative independence from characterological reactions. 3. The degree of severity of reactions is characterized by variability, significantly overlapping the types of disorders that can be considered in the framework of Other mood disorders F38.0 and F38.1), which does not give grounds to classify them as F30-F34, since they are not sufficiently pronounced and severe.

Актуальні питання медичного супроводу інноваційних науково-педагогічних проєктів

The modern education system is characterized by the introduction of new, specialized, and author's programs, which are highly variable, accompanied by the intensification of the educational process, increasing the total workload, reducing physical activity, and deteriorating the structure of the daily routine of students. Such changes in the organization of the educational process lead to an increase in the level of pathological lesions, asthenoneurotic reactions, and symptoms of dysfunction of somatic systems. A particularly vulnerable category of students is gifted children, who on the one hand, experience discrimination at school due to the partial lack of differentiated learning, focus on the average student, and excessive unification of programs that do not take into account individual learning opportunities. On the other hand, intellectually gifted children showed a decrease in overall reactivity and tension of adaptation mechanisms, greater susceptibility to acute infectious diseases, the presence of autonomic disorders, hypotension and syncope, more often registered pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, musculoskeletal system, and allergies conditions than at the "average intellectuals". Therefore, this category of students needs a special approach and a deeper study of the impact of elements of the learning process on their health. Two separate areas of research have been formed by now. They are related to the study of psychological and pedagogical aspects of teaching children on innovative educational technologies, on the one hand, and the state of health of schoolchildren, on the other hand. However, only a few studies have been conducted where these two areas are combined and the direct impact of the educational process on new educational projects on disorders in morphofunctional, psychoemotional, and general health of students is determined, risk factors of the educational process are identified and recommendations for the prevention of school maladaptation are provided. Conclusion. Information analysis of scientific sources on current issues of education and medical care for gifted children and adolescents shows the interest of society in conducting further medical and pedagogical research to develop preventive measures to preserve their health. There is an urgent need for hygienic optimization of educational activities, proper regulation of innovative pedagogical technologies, development of appropriate guidelines for the prevention of school maladaptation

Assessment of heart rate variability and adaptive capacity in children with type I diabetes

Annotation. Heart damage in type I diabetes in children is an understudied and at the same time dangerous complication. The aim of the study was to examine heart rate variability (HRV) and changes in adaptive capacity in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) depending on the duration of the disease. 38 children (16 boys and 22 girls) aged 6 to 17 years with type I diabetes were examined. Daily ECG monitoring with HRV analysis using the software and hardware complex “DiaCard-1” and the program “CardioBiorhythm” (JSC Solveig, Kyiv) was performed. Indicators of statistical (time domain) and spectral (frequency domain) analysis were evaluated: Mean, SDNN-i, rMSSD, pNN50, IN, AMо, VLF, LF, HF, LF/HF, activity index of regulatory systems. All children with type I diabetes had a statistically significant decrease in the mean values of Mean, SDNN-i, pNN50 (and in girls rMSSD and SDANN) and increased tension index (Baevsky) and fashion amplitude (AMo). Correlation analysis of all cases (Spearman's rank correlation) revealed a correlation between IN and AMo with the duration of the disease. PARS significantly exceed the limits of physiological values. It is established that the vast majority of patients in both groups are in a state of functional stress of adaptive capacity. With increasing duration of the disease, heart rate increases, parasympathetic and sympathetic influences weaken, the tension of adaptive mechanisms increases, the function of heart rate scattering weakens and the function of rhythm concentration increases, which indicates the transformation of functional autonomic disorders into autonomic. Thus, in children with type I diabetes mellitus, a progressive decrease in heart rate variability, progressive lesion of the parasympathetic link of the VNS, decrease in heart rate dislocation function and increase in rhythm concentration function and functional stress of adaptive mechanisms are determined.

Variability of heart rhythm in patients with myocardial infarction with Q wave with standard therapy and nutritive support with organic selenium

Aim. Assessment if the interrelation of the levels of selenium, parameters of heart rate variability (HRV), biochemical and rheological characteristics of blood in patients with Q-myocardial infarction (Q-MI) taking standard medicinal therapy and dietary correction with organic selenium in different stages of the disease.
 Materials and Methods. An open comparative clinical study was conducted with involvement of 90 patients (the average age 58.31.4, of them 71 men and 19 women) diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome with elevation of Q-segment with outcome into Q-MI. The patients were divided to two comparable groups: control group that received standard therapy, and the main group that additionally received dietary product enriched with organic selenium. In acute, subacute and cicatrization stages, the dynamic series of RR intervals were recorded and mathematically analyzed on Varicard 2.51 complex, some biochemical parameters of blood, selenium status, rheological properties of blood were assessed.
 Results. In the stage of hospital treatment, reduction of the heart rate (from 68.81.7 to 64.01.3 beat/min; p0.05) was recorded in the main group. The initial level of SDNN in both groups was within the critical range (25.01.3 msec), and stress index (SI) several time exceeded the norm (1356.2390.6 conv.un.); by the end of the observation both parameters did not achieve normal values in both groups. The coefficient of variation (CV) stayed below normal values throughout the whole treatment period, although in the dynamics it showed some tendency to growth. The spectrum power of the curve enveloping the dynamic series of RR intervals (HF) almost twice increased in the control group (р0.05). Correlation analysis of the interrelation of biochemical parameters of blood, coagulogram and selenium of blood serum with different parameters of mathematical analysis of the heart rhythm revealed interrelations of different levels and direction.
 Conclusion. Use of dietary product rich in selenium having a positive effect on the trophotropic functions of an organism, in complex with standard therapy, reduces tension of adaptation mechanisms and enhances adaptation potential of an organism that improves the prognosis and reduces risks.

Dynamic medical observation of the flight crew in the Far North is the basis of the primary prevention of adaptation disorders

Dynamic medical monitoring of flight crew during the first year of service in the Far North allows you to organize and carry out activities for the primary prevention of adaptation violations in flight crew. It was established that in pilots with diagnosed diseases of the circulatory system, gastrointestinal tract and various parts of the spine, compared with pilots diagnosed Healthy, there was a statistically significant (p0,01) increase in the average primary morbidity rate by 11,1; 10,8 and 10,7%, respectively, which indicates the tension of adaptive mechanisms in the former in the initial period of adaptation to the conditions of the Far North. Most pilots after assessing such areas of quality of life as physical satisfaction (activity, mobility, the possibility of self-care, full military duties, lack of pain and independence from medications) and psychological satisfaction (emotional background, learning ability, memory, concentration of attention), received integral ratings of 4-5 points. The dynamics of the level of development of cognitive mental processes indicates that in pilots with diagnosed diseases, compared with healthy pilots, there is an increase in the average efficiency indicator of the methods Analogies, Numeric series, Visual memory, Creative thinking; Arithmetic score, Verbal memory and Establishment of patterns, respectively, by 10,5; 10,4; 10,4; 10.5; 10,5; 10,2 and 10,2% (p0,01). Thus, in pilots with diagnosed diseases of the circulatory system, gastrointestinal tract and various parts of the spine, as compared to healthy pilots, adaptive mechanisms are observed in the initial period of adaptation to the conditions of the Far North.

CLINICAL PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL AND PATHOPSYCHOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOSOCIAL MALADAPTATION IN INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS WITH ADJUSTMENT DISORDERS

Rapid social transformations occurring worldwide, on the one hand, lead to the tension of adaptation mechanisms that is reflected through the prevalence of mental disorders, primarily of a psychogenic nature. On the other hand, clinical manifestations of psychogenic disorders are altering as their symptoms are always closely related to the nature of surrounding influences and to some extent reflect the patterns of social processes. From this point of view, clinical, psychopathological and pathopsychological features of adjustment disorders, and in particular in internally displaced persons, are of clinical and social importance. The purpose of the study was to explore the clinical psychopathological and pathopsychological features of psychosocial maladaptation in internally displaced persons with adjustment disorders. 45 people were diagnosed with adjustment disorders and clinically defined psychosocial maladaptation. The control group consisted of 35 healthy individuals with no signs of psychosocial maladjustment. All the participants were internally displaced from Donetsk, Luhansk and Crimea. According to the results of the research, we have found out that the leading factors resulting in psychotraumas in internally displaced persons with adjustment disorders and psychosocial maladaptation include media coverage of information and family aspects. The clinical picture was characterized by the dominance of anxiety-depressive symptoms with various somatic manifestations. We have established patterns of clinical and psychopathological features typical for internally displaced people with signs of psychosocial maladaptation.

EFFECTIVENESS INDICATORS OF USING ETHNIC GAMES FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF PHYSICAL STATUS AND ENDURANCE LEVEL OF PEOPLE IN MID-MOUNTAIN REGIONS (AGE PERIOD: 50-55 YEARS)

The article presents the effectiveness indicators of a brand new methodology developed by Kyrgyzstan. It focuses on application of outdoor ethnic games for the improvement of health status and endurance level of adults aged 50-55 in mid-mountain regions. The obtained results are applicable for the refinement of training process and the improvement of physical qualities of elderly people in special climate conditions. We analyzed the indicators of physical fitness, physical status, adaptive potential and endurance of adults aged 50-55. The outcomes demonstrated effectiveness of using outdoor ethnic games for the improvement of health status and the deceleration of age-related changes in the studied group. The reason is that all ethnic games have an active impact on all muscle groups, develop motor qualities and raise endurance. The purpose is to develop the methodology of application of outdoor ethnic games for the improvement of physical status and workability of persons of pre-retirement age in mid-mountain regions in Kyrgyzstan and to determine its effectiveness. Research methods: anthropometry, physiometry (body length, body weight, heart rate, blood pressure); functional tests: Davydenko 6-scale momentum test (Cooper test); methods of mathematical statistics. Results: In our research, we first identified the indicators of adaptive potential, the nature of adaptation, characteristics of functional state, physical status, and stamina level according to Davydenko 6-scale momentum test. We assessed the functional state of cardiovascular system according to the endurance coefficient. We used 12-minute Cooper test and monitoring of maximum oxygen consumption to identify the physical fitness degree of individuals of pre-retirement age who practice outdoor ethnic games in mid-mountain regions in Kyrgyzstan. Conclusion. We carried out the comparative analysis of current functional adaptation status of men playing ethnic games. The first observation revealed the decrease in body functional abilities. The second observation revealed the tension of adaptation mechanisms in men and women. Both men and women had either medium or high physical status. The studied group practicing modern physical culture demonstrated the same results and the same physical status. Results of Davydenko test show the increasing fitness level in both groups. Functional indicators of studied groups demonstrate the intensification of cardiac activity. It provides sufficient functional capabilities at the cost of functional reserves. Level of physical capacity degree in studied groups: satisfactory, good and high. The index of maximal oxygen consumption demonstrate good health of people in both groups.

Effect of isolated smoking cessation on incidence rates among military personnel with previous work experience in coal mines

Smoking and experience of previous work in coal mines have a negative impact on the incidence of acute respiratory viral infection and pneumonia in the servicemen. Isolated cessation for six months leads to a reduction in the numbers of acute respiratory viral infection cases, complicated forms of acute respiratory viral infection, episodes of community- acquired pneumonia, however, the duration of acute respiratory viral infection and pneumonia do not change. The structure of complicated forms of acute respiratory viral infection with a predominance of sinusitis over bronchitis changes. L.Kh. Garkavi’s adaptation index before the study in the group of smokers reflects the marginal tension of adaptation mechanisms. After 6 months there were significant differences with the group continuing to smoke, significant differences remain with a group of non-smoking servicemen. Pharmaceutical expanses after 6 months were different with the smoking group and there were no reliable differences with the non-smoking group. The authors consider an isolated cessation to smoking tobacco in a group of military with previous experience of underground work in coal mines to be an insufficiently effective measure of primary prevention of acute respiratory viral infection and pneumonia, and consider it reasonable to use medicines and biologically active additives with proadaptive action.

Modern approaches to components of therapy of patients with diabetes mellitus operated on for malignant neoplasms of small pelvic organs

The purpose of this study was assessment of the effect of cytoflavin preparation inclusion in surgical treatment of patients with malignant neoplasms of small pelvic organs and diabetes mellitus. A prospective examination of 51 patients aged 56 to 76 years suffering from diabetes mellitus and malignant neoplasms of the pelvic organs was performed. Patients were divided into two groups: the first group consisted of 27 patients whose adaptive potential was characterized by tension of adaptation mechanisms, the second one - 24 patients with poor adaptation. In turn, in each group, patients were divided into subgroups depending on the treatment regimen: in the main subgroup of the first group (14 people) the treatment program was supplemented with cytoflavin (10 ml 2 times a day), in the main subgroup of the second group were 13 patients with cytoflavin supplement (20 ml 2 times a day). Patients of control groups underwent standard therapy. State of energy deficiency was assessed by methemoglobin, carbohemoglobin, P50, oxygen delivery, consumption and extraction. Concentration of glucose, lactate, lactate dehydrogenase was assessed. The results of the study showed clear relationship between the nature of changes in transport and oxygen consumption, adaptation adaptive reactions, allowing to identify mechanisms that characterize formation of various types of energy deficiency in perioperative period in patients with malignant diseases of the pelvic organs and diabetes. Use of cytoflavin contributed to a qualitative and effective correction of energy deficiency as well as reduction in the patients stay in the hospital.

РОЗРАХУНОК АДАПТАЦІЙНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ, ОЦІНКА АДАПТАЦІЙНИХ МОЖЛИВОСТЕЙ ОРГАНІЗМУ І РІВНІВ ЗДОРОВ’Я СТУДЕНТІВ ЛЬВІВСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО МЕДИЧНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ ІМЕНІ ДАНИЛА ГАЛИЦЬКОГО

Introduction. One of the most important problems of modern physiology and medicine is the investigation of adaptation abilities of human in a way of study the mechanism and the main regularities in the process of body adaptation to various conditions of the environment. During the whole life a modern personality constantly meets with different stressful factors which are connected to social, ecological, psychological and biological changes. The most vulnerable under such conditions are students as the life rhythm of modern students is characterized by a relative hypo dynamics together with considerable intellectual and emotional loading. All those factors together with unbalanced diet and sleep defi ciency have negative effect on psychical, physical and social health of students and also create preconditions for the decrease of adaptation abilities of the body. To deal with the problem of preservation and strengthening of the students’ health it is important to lead a complex examination with the purpose of evaluation of the functioning level of the body systems fi rst of all connected with it. It will give the reason to improve already existing and search for new methods of optimization of functional state, health prevention and future professional longevity of medical students. Aim: To calculate adaptation potential and evaluate adaptation abilities of students together with identifi cation of their health level. Materials and Methods: 98 third-year students of the stomatological faculty of Lviv National Medical University by Danylo Halytsky have taken part in the investigation, 37 of whom were male (37,76 %) and 61 (62,24 %) – female both of whom were nineteen years old at the time of research. All of them according to dispensary cards were not on dispensary registration in connection to any illness and belonged to a group of “almost healthy”. Adaptation potential of cardio-vascular system of the body was identifi ed by R. M. Bayevsky (1979) including the frequency of heart contractions, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, antropometric indices and coeffi cient of the level of plural regression. Results: It has been ascertained that in case of the majority of students under the investigation (57,14 %) the level of adaptation was satisfactory. Among males the quantity of students with satisfactory adaptation and tension of adaptation mechanism was practically the same, whereas in case of females the level of adaptation was satisfactory. It was confi rmed that 87,5 % of sportsmen were referred to the I health group and only 12,5 % to the II health group whereas the proportion to individuals that go in for sports was 63,51 % to 36, 49 %. Conclusion: In case with most students satisfactory level of adaptation is observed. The proportion between the levels of satisfactory adaptation and tension of adaptation mechanisms among boys and girls are different. To be more exact, there were more individuals with satisfactory adaptation among girls rather than boys. It is connected with hormonal differences, less people with harmful habits, more stress resistance and unsatisfactory factors of environment for girls. Individuals who regularly go in for sports have satisfactory adaptation in most cases in comparison to those who do not practice sports. Students included to the I health group were recommended to take general curative procedures such as: the increase of efferent activity, the use of hardening procedure, normalization of nutrition regime, work and rest, cycling, walking, swimming and denial of harmful habits. Those who are in the II health group need not only curative but also prophylactic measures oriented on the prevention of the development of different diseases individually and in every exceptional case. Paying attention to the fact that students are referred to the category of individuals with intensive brain work all of them were explained the necessity of use of psychological methods of rehabilitation such as autogenic trainings except medico biological ones.

Peculiarities of Heart Rate Variability of Female Students with Various Motion States

Objectives: The study of effect of sports loads on adaptive and regulatory capabilities of female students’ bodies with various motion states is of interest from the perspective of discovery of mechanisms of long-term and individual adaptation to physical effects. Method: Female students, which are the members of volleyball and basketball group (53 persons) aged 18-21, served as test subjects. Female students not engaged in sports activities (save for 2 hours of physical education per week) have been examined as a control group. Electrocardiogram (ECG) recording and calculation of heart rate variability (HRV) were carried out by means of Poly-Spectrum-8/EX hardware and software complex in prone position for 5 minutes. Findings: Two regulation groups have been identified in each sport: with the predominance of central and autonomous type of regulation. The first group with the predominance of central type of regulation is characterized with lower values of time analysis – SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50%, CV% – and high SI. The predominance of slow waves of the first order (LF) and the second order (VLF) has been registered in the rate spectrum. Sports physical loads result in growth of general power of regulatory impact, which increases adaptive capabilities of female athletes’ bodies. Sports activity in the course of volleyball and basketball training sharpen tension of adaptive mechanisms and significantly increase “adaptation price” for representatives of the first group; especially high tension of adaptive mechanisms was found in the first group of female basketball players. The most favorable adaptive status was shown by female athletes of group 2, which makes it possible to conclude that sports physical loads favorably affect female athletes of this group, since they had significantly higher adaptive potential as compared to the test subjects. Application: In general, sports activities promote normalization of regulatory mechanisms status and reduction of quantity of members of the first adaptation group (with predominance of central regulation type). Such regulation type is characteristic of the absolute minority of female athletes, while a half of the test subjects, who are not female athletes, demonstrate such regulation type.

FEATURES OF HEMODYNAMICS AND PECULIARITIES OF ADAPTATION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF EMOTIONAL BALANCE

Peculiarities of hemodynamics in dependence of individual psycho-physiological features are examined among patients with acute disorders of cerebral circulation and healthy volunteers remaining in the situation of emotional stress. It was demonstrated that formation of “negative” emotional balance (prevailing of personal anxiety on reactive anxiety) promoted occurrence of the excessive tension and/ or overstrain of the adaptive mechanisms. It was either revealed that “negative” emotional balance facilitated the appearance of signs of the adaptive systems overexertion regardless of the type of the initial hemodynamics. It was detected that the psycho-physiological parameters, the peculiarities of hemodynamics and the level of tension of adaptive mechanisms in patients with acute disorders of cerebral circulation were comparable with the similar indices of healthy volunteers characterized by “negative” emotional balance in the situation of the emotional stress.