Tennis Events Research Articles

Prediction of potential energy on player scoring trend in tennis match based on Hopfield neural network model

In tennis, it is very important to catch the direction and trend of the match when the score happens. This paper aims to establish a mathematical model to predict the dynamic change of match progress and the appearance of match points, and explain the role of "momentum" in the match. By mining the real-time match data of 2023 Wimbledon Tennis Open, based on Hopfield neural network and entropy weight method, the technical level, psychological pressure and fatigue level of players in the match are selected as the influencing factors, and the mathematical model between the "momentum" of players and the change of the match flow is established, and the change of the match schedule can be predicted more accurately. The change of momentum may affect the motivation of players, and the choice of a reasonable strategy may be a magic weapon to win the match. It is hoped that this can help the pre-competition training of tennis players and promote the vigorous development of tennis events.

Meeting the Two Imposters of Triumph and Disaster: Senior Management Perspectives on the COVID‐19 Pandemic’s Impact on Global Tennis Tournaments

This study uncovers insider perspectives on the COVID‐19 pandemic’s impact from four senior management and organizers of two global tennis tournaments. The events are Wimbledon and the Queen’s Club Championship; both annually recurring tennis tournaments played on grass in London, UK. Using an “elite event interviewing” approach, data were collected through semistructured interviews. The interviews were thematically analyzed, and four primary themes emerged from the data. These themes were (i) responding to the initial impact of the global pandemic on tennis events, (ii) planning and preparedness for the ongoing issues facing event organizers, (iii) pandemic implications for other tennis event stakeholders including sponsors, employees and suppliers, and (iv) prevention and learning from the pandemic to help ensure the prosperity of future events. Managerial implications and areas of future research are highlighted, followed by holistic recommendations for event organizers to help better plan, prepare, and prevent future crises and disasters.

Events as a Strategy to Enhance Destination’s Brand: Millennium Estoril Open Case Study

This research, based on a case study, aims to examine the contributions of the Millennium Estoril Open, a tennis event (ATP 250), to enhance and promote the Cascais destination brand. To such end, an empirical study was conducted in the 2019 edition, using a mixed data collection methodology through the application of questionnaires to spectators, interviews with stakeholders, and direct observation at the event. Results suggest that this event contributes to enhancing the destination brand, despite the identification of some limitations. The contribution of this sport event to the enhancement of the destination’s image cannot be dissociated from the portfolio of events promoted by the region and from its consistency and regularity.

Analysis of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Hawk-Eye Technology in Tennis Competitions

Hawk-Eye technology, a continually innovating product of the science and technology sector, has undergone numerous optimizations and has become an indispensable component in various sports competitions. This paper employs methods such as the literature review and logical analysis. The literature review method systematically collects and organizes relevant studies to construct a research framework, while logical analysis assesses the effectiveness of Hawk-Eye technology in tennis competitions, specifically highlighting its advantages in accuracy and real-time feedback capabilities. This analysis aims to reveal both the strengths and potential shortcomings of its practical applications. The study concludes with meaningful insights and recommendations that provide robust theoretical support and references for the future development of tennis events, thereby fostering a higher level of technological advancement in tennis competitions.

Feasibility Study on the Implementation of the Two-Phase Teaching Method of "Short Tennis + Standard Tennis" in General Colleges and Universities

With the extensive development of various tennis events, tennis is gradually gaining popularity among the masses in China. Many colleges and universities have also introduced specialized tennis courses. However, as the education system undergoes deepening reforms, the traditional teaching methods are no longer able to meet the demands of education. In light of this, we propose implementing the Two-Phase Teaching Method of "short tennis + standard tennis" in colleges and universities to cultivate students' interest in tennis, enhance the overall teaching quality of tennis, and promote its development in the academic setting.

MEDICAL TEAM SUPPORT FOR TABLE TENNIS EVENT – LPTK CUP XXI UM 2023

Introduction: LPTK CUP strives to improve relationships and unity among LPTK (Lembaga Pendidikan Tenga Kependidikan) members. It achieves this by merging competitive elements with entertainment to promote a feeling of camaraderie and cooperation. Furthermore, LPTK CUP includes a range of sports competitions, including table tennis. Purpose: This study aims to comprehend the medical team's involvement in providing support during the table tennis event at LPTK CUP XII UM 2023. Method: The medical team is crucial in delivering general and specialized healthcare services (for sports injuries) throughout the table tennis competition at LPTK CUP XXI UM 2023. Additionally, various approaches are employed in this event, including 1) Acquiring Medical Equipment, 2) Collaborating with Relevant Entities, 3) Arranging the Placement of the Medical Team, 4) Conducting Screening and Medical Services, and 4occurredviding Health Education. Result: Most table tennis participants are less than 50 years old. Several injuries occur during the match, namely Abrasion, Shoulder Sprain, and Ankle Sprain. The injury management provided is based on the Rice Method for sports injuries.

A decline in ping-pong in France: rumour or reality? (1934–1939)

In France during the 1930s, sports leisure activities were progressively expanding. Table tennis experienced a surge of popularity in 1932–1933, in particular in the back rooms of drinking establishments. Yet from 1934, there was a dip in the number of spectators attending table tennis events, in its practice in clubs, in articles about it in the press, and in the market for table tennis gear. This study analyses whether this indicated a true decline in the sport or if the picture was more complex, reflecting differences between institutional sport and recreational leisure activities, as well as an effect of the press contributing to the lower visibility of table tennis.

Psychological Training Method for Table Tennis Players Using Deep Learning

In China, table tennis has always been one of the most popular sports, with small field restrictions and it is simple and fun to play. But what is unknown is that with China’s major table tennis events thriving, the psychological pressure of table tennis players’ training is also increasing. However, the existing training methods obviously do not pay enough attention to psychological training, and there is no complete system for psychological training. Although the current dynamic heart rate measurement method can play a certain role in the detection, there is still the disadvantage of low detection accuracy. The heart rate is an important sign of life, and the monitoring of the heart rate of table tennis players should be strengthened, reflecting the functional state of the athletes’ heart, and facilitating the more intuitive adjustment of the psychological training method of athletes. The heart rate measurement method based on face recognition contains a plate content that is rich. Through deep learning face recognition, the heart rate measurement method has high calculation efficiency, can effectively eliminate the influence of other external environmental factors, can use video recording, and can use face recognition and physiological parameters’ quantification to monitor athletes’ heart rate changes in real time; the visible artificial intelligence auxiliary diagnosis potential is huge. To this end, this paper aims to provide effective suggestions for the psychological training of table tennis players with deep learning as the technical support. In response to this, the aim of this paper was to design a deep learning-based face recognition heart rate measurement method that judges the psychological fluctuations of athletes through changes in heart rate. We conducted a questionnaire survey with the table tennis players of the Hunan team as the object of investigation, so as to understand the source of the psychological pressure of athletes and make reasonable suggestions. The experimental results of this paper show that the heart rate error of the video heart rate measurement algorithm is within 3% in the calm state and within 4% in the post-exercise state. This can effectively measure psychological fluctuations, and through investigation and research, it can provide an effective method for the psychological training of table tennis players.

SISTEMA DE ÍNDICE DE MEDIÇÃO DO TREINAMENTO FÍSICO ESPECÍFICO PARA ATLETAS DE TÊNIS

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tennis is a competitive sport endowed with subtle movements, sophisticated and changeable techniques and tactics, and intense confrontation. It has high demands on the athlete's physical and psychological qualities. To win high-level professional tennis events, in addition to basic skills, comprehensive technical and tactical abilities, stable psychological quality, and flexible and innovative thinking, tennis players must also have exceptional physical fitness. Objective: Study the index system for evaluating the sport-specific skills of tennis athletes. Methods: 30 youth tennis training athletes were selected. Research methods such as literature, expert interview, questionnaire, and mathematical statistics were used to construct the fitness evaluation index of Chinese professional tennis players. Results: Professional tennis players’ specific fitness assessment indexes include one first-level index, 14 second-level indexes, and 23 three-item indexes. Conclusion: Young athletes must strengthen their agile attack speed, explosive strength, core strength, and coordination. The individual indicators are weighted according to individual standards of physical training level. Thus, the five first-level indicators and specific fitness standards are established in this paper. The results of this research have guiding significance for the formulation and implementation of further tennis education and training plans. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

A statistical model to predict the results of Novak Djokovic's matches in the Australian open tennis event using the binary logistic regression

The purpose of the research was to construct a model that could forecast the probability of winning in the case of Novak Djokovic in the men’s singles grand slam event of the Australian Open and to determine the relative relevance of the match data that contribute to victory. A total number of 147 matches were recorded for all nine years i.e., from 2013 to 2021, from the first round to the exit round over the years. One of the few assumptions in logistic regression is that the dependent variable must be binary in nature. Therefore, the dependent variable selected for this study was Match Outcome (Win/Loss). Ace, (DF) Double Fault, (FS) First Serve, (FSPW) first serve point win, (SSPW) second serve point win, (BPC) Breakpoint converted, and (TPW) Total point win were selected as the predictor variables. All the data were collected from ATP world tour.com. In order to accomplish the goals of the research, the only matches that Novak Djokovic competed in during the Grand Slam AO (Australian Open), were analyzed. The prediction of the likelihood of Mr. Novak Djokovic winning or losing in the men’s singles Australian open grand slam by fitting the logistic regression model. According to the statistical significance of the predictor variables, they were numerically weighted and can be used to predict the match outcome. Out of seven predictor variables, only the variable Breakpoint Converted was included in the prediction model with a coefficient of determination (R2) of.424 (Cox & Snell) and .588 (Nagelkerke). The case adds seven independent variables and one dependent binary logistic variable for all the Australian Open Grand slam matches played from 2013 to 2021. The given result of it verifies conclusive evidence that the prediction fits quite well as it classifies an 88.9% winning probability.

Toward a better understanding of core and peripheral market demand for women’s spectator sports: An importance-performance map analysis approach based on gender

ABSTRACT Although the concept of market demand has been extensively examined in the literature, most scholarly efforts have been devoted to understanding men’s spectator sports. There is scant research that investigates market demand for women’s spectator sports with a focus on gender dynamics. This study sought to fill that gap through developing a formative–formative hierarchical component model of core and peripheral market demand for a women’s professional tennis event (the Wuhan Open) and examining their differing impacts on future attendance intentions based on gender. Results derived from the importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) indicated that the most important core market demand components were player quality and economic consideration. However, only women considered game schedule important, while only men deemed venue characteristics and peripheral services important. Our study highlights the necessity and merits of deciphering market demand for women’s spectator sports in a more nuanced manner and contributes to the growing marketing literature on women’s sports fandom. Managerially, we offer practical implications per the IPMA for more effective and efficient integration of marketing initiatives.

Understanding the 2021 Australian Open through an Elias lens: a case of tension, conflict and athlete outsiders

The 2021 Australian Open was like no other previous edition of the Grand Slam tennis event. Australia had virtually closed its borders due to the COVID-19 pandemic and had cut itself off from the rest of the world. Accordingly, this global event was not met with the usual enthusiasm from locals, who instead were concerned that it could increase the transmission of COVID-19 in the community. By drawing on the theories of Norbert Elias (1976, 1978) this analysis interprets the complex, evolving, dynamic environment in which the 2021 Australian Open was held. We also attempt to understand how COVID-19 intensified the ways in which Melburnians identified with and related to each other through shared experiences, and how those who displayed characteristics that did not align with their experiences and beliefs, including some of the international tennis players arriving for the Australian Open, were considered ‘outsiders,’ in constant tension with ‘insiders.’

Point-of-care radiology service at the US Open Tennis Championships.

Professional tennis tournaments have onsite sports medicine physicians who oversee the athletes' overall health during competition, including musculoskeletal injury and general illnesses. The medical team is composed of orthopedic and non-operative sports medicine physicians. Frequently, the tournament doctors require imaging to localize and grade musculoskeletal injuries and to make decisions regarding treatment, safe training, and return to match play. The most versatile and readily available imaging modality to evaluate for acute musculoskeletal injury is point-of-care ultrasonography. In 2015, a dedicated radiology service was createdat the US Openby bringing in a musculoskeletal radiologist who would perform ultrasounds in a formal and consistent manner. In addition, the radiologist was tasked with onsite radiography as well as review of all MRI examinations done at the imaging center. This article describes how this radiology service was implemented, what types of studies were performed and the advantages of having an onsite musculoskeletal radiologist at the tournament. This service allowed the medical team to provide the comprehensive and efficient medical care required in a major professional tennis event. It also showed the value of having the in-person expertise of the musculoskeletal radiologist in the sports medicine team. This same model could be applied to other professional sporting events.

Superboosting the athlete social media brand: events as an opportunity for follower growth

ABSTRACT Research Question An athletes’ social media following is a proxy of their popularity and a key metric for brand monetization. Yet, how a following can be grown strategically remains unclear. This research investigates the effects of newly formed brand networks on athlete follower growth during a non-league event with representative teams. We used the sport brand ecosystem framework and examined athlete-related, event-related, and brand-networking-related factors as determinants of follower growth on Instagram. Research Methods We collected longitudinal behavioral data, namely social media following and tagging behavior of athletes in the context of Laver Cup, an elite men’s team tennis event. A sociogram was used to visualize brand networking of athletes and the event. The hypotheses were tested using a multiple linear regression with a wild-cluster bootstrap-SE. Results and Findings Results indicated that the pre-existing size of an athlete’s following and brand networking with athletes’ and the event’s brands through the user tagging function predicted follower growth. This highlights the impact of exposure on social media during an event and the value of brand networking as a brand-building strategy for athletes. Implications The findings contribute knowledge on athletes’ vertical and horizontal brand relationships. The study uncovers coopetitive relationships between athlete brands and shows that new brand networks, visible through social media user tagging, spur athlete brand growth. To practitioners, this demonstrates that events enable athletes to strengthen their social media brands, which can be amplified through athletes’ large pre-existing social media following and strategic collaborations with other athletes.

A Comprehensive Model for Spectators' Intentions to Attend Tennis Matches: Towards a Motive-based Typology

This research makes an important contribution to the greater understanding of sports spectators' behavior, specifically tennis spectators, and to the literature on managing and marketing individual sport events as compared to team sports events. The study mainly focuses on investigating and measuring the antecedents related to attending tennis matches and their influence on spectators' attendance intentions given the moderating role of social media. The study took place during two global tournaments located in Doha, Qatar: the ATP Exxon Mobil 250 and WTA Total 250. Qualitative research has been conducted in the form of indepth interviews with tennis experts and representatives of fan associations in order to propose a conceptual model with the most important motives and constraints that influence the intention in attending tennis events. Eight motives and four constraints have been identified. Regression analysis was run to ensure the fitness of the model and measure the moderating role of social media. Principal component factor analysis has been run with an attempt to develop a motive-based typology for tennis spectators. The final sample size was 250 spectators from 10 different countries. Entertainment, valuing the sport, escaping the routine, and player love had the strongest positive significant relationships with intention to attend tennis matches. Tickets price and operating time were the only two constraints that had significant relationships with intention to attend tennis matches. Regressions analysis results indicated a good fitness for the model (42%), all motives and constraints entered the model with exception of parking and weather conditions. Social media had an influence on the relationship between antecedents and the willingness of spectators to attend tennis matches increasing R2 to 54%. Facebook remains the most influential social media platform. Four different types of spectators have been identified: Pragmatists, Diehard fans, Entertainers, and Socializers.

Analysis of Reasonable Respiratory Efficiency in Tennis Competition and Training Environment Based on Cloud Computing.

Competitive tennis is developing in the direction of quantification. How to use and give full play to all positive factors, in order to attack actively and give full play to the limits of body and psychology, breathing, as the basic metabolic function of human body, also plays a vital role in tennis. This paper studies that it plays an important role in the rationality and explosiveness of sports and the psychological and physiological regulation in competition. The characteristics of tennis events determine the importance of scientific and rational breathing. Reasonable breathing during exercise is conducive to maintaining the basic stability of the internal environment, improving the training effect, and giving full play to the functional ability of the human body, so as to create excellent sports results. First, reduce respiratory resistance. Second, there are two methods to improve alveolar ventilation efficiency and pulmonary ventilation: increasing respiratory rate and increasing respiratory depth. When the inhalation volume is constant, the alveolar gas freshness rate depends on the functional residual volume in the alveolar cavity at the end of expiratory or before inhalation. The less functional the residual air, the more fresh air inhaled, and the higher the oxygen partial pressure in alveolar gas. An effective way to reduce the functional residual volume in the alveolar cavity is to exhale as deeply as possible, so as to ensure that more oxygen enters the body. Reasonable breathing methods can not only accelerate the excitation of the body, increase movement strength, reduce fatigue, and promote recovery but also play a vital role in the rational allocation of physical fitness and the improvement of sports performance. The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for scientific tennis training by analyzing the characteristics of tennis events, the form of breathing in tennis and the efficiency of reasonable breathing in tennis.

The Relationship between Watching Motivation, Perceived Value, Place Attachment and Behavioral Loyalty: A Case of China Tennis Open

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate a behavioral loyalty model of China Tennis Open spectators and validate the relationships among spectators’’ watching motivation, perceived value, place attachment and behavioral loyalty. METHOD The spectators at the China Tennis Open were targeted as the main research sample. A total of 400 questionnaires were collected. The collected data was analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and significance test of difference. RESULT (1) Motivation has a positive effect on perceived value and place attachment, but the behavioral loyalty is not affected. (2) Perceived value directly influence on behavioral loyalty. (3) Place attachment directly influence on behavioral loyalty. CONCLUSION Motivation has a limited influence on the behavioral loyalty. Place attachment and perceived value are important factors in behavioral loyalty of China Tennis Open spectators. The results of this study provides some practical suggestions for the organization, management of tennis events and a direction for future research.

The Relationship between Watching Motivation, Perceived Value, Place Attachment and Behavioral Loyalty: A Case of China Tennis Open

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate a behavioral loyalty model of China Tennis Open spectators and validate the relationships among spectators’’ watching motivation, perceived value, place attachment and behavioral loyalty. METHOD The spectators at the China Tennis Open were targeted as the main research sample. A total of 400 questionnaires were collected. The collected data was analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and significance test of difference. RESULT (1) Motivation has a positive effect on perceived value and place attachment, but the behavioral loyalty is not affected. (2) Perceived value directly influence on behavioral loyalty. (3) Place attachment directly influence on behavioral loyalty. CONCLUSION Motivation has a limited influence on the behavioral loyalty. Place attachment and perceived value are important factors in behavioral loyalty of China Tennis Open spectators. The results of this study provides some practical suggestions for the organization, management of tennis events and a direction for future research.

Intelligent Design of Tennis Player Training Schedule Based on Big Data of Complexity

Tennis players have more physical training content, and the training items are complex. For athletes, training programs that adapt to their individual characteristics should be formulated according to their physical characteristics. The current development of big data has brought about changes in thinking, management, and business models. The combination of complex systems and big data can also make breakthroughs in the sports field. Based on this, this article proposes a tennis player training schedule intelligent formulation system based on complex system big data. First of all, this article adopts the literature data method, comparative analysis method, experimental analysis method, etc., in-depth study of the concepts of big data, complex system, and the physical structure characteristics of tennis sports. This paper designs an intelligent system for making tennis players’ training schedule, which collects, transforms, and integrates tennis training data through the characteristics of big data. Then, the dynamic time regulation of tennis is performed through a complex system, and finally, the experimental system is analyzed. This article mainly analyzes the comparison of physical indicators between the experimental group and the control group before and after the experiment, the evaluation indicators of sports events, the strength training effects of tennis events, and the analysis of shoulder joint tests. There is no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the items before the experiment,P>0.05, which suggests that the physical fitness of the two groups of athletes is similar; in the posttest data, the experimental group and the control group have significant differences,P<0.05, indicating an effect from the experiment. In particular, in fan running, forward and backward strokes, and the serve, the scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group, indicating that the use of the formulated training system demonstrated significant results.

CONSTRUCTION OF THE SKILL RELATED PHYSICAL FITNESS EVALUATION INDEX SYSTEM OF CHINESE YOUNG MALE TENNIS PLAYERS

The skill-related physical fitness evaluation index system is an important reference basis for evaluating the competitive level of tennis players. At present, there are few studies on the skill-related physical fitness evaluation index system of Chinese young male tennis players. Based on the characteristics of tennis events and the sensitive period of the development of young tennis players skill-related physical fitness variables, this study uses literature methods, Delphi method and other research methods to construct an evaluation index system for Chinese young male tennis players skills related physical fitness. The results show that: Chinese young male tennis players skill-related physical fitness includes six first-level indicators including speed, strength, endurance, agility, flexibility, and power, 11 second-level indicators such as aerobic endurance, anaerobic endurance, upper body power, and lower body power, etc. 16 third-level indicators such as the hexagon test, beep test, sit and reach, etc.