Ten-Item Personality Inventory Research Articles

Zadowolenie rodziców dzieci z zaburzeniami ze spektrum autyzmu ze specjalistycznego wsparcia dziecka i rodziny

Introduction: There is a significant increase in the number of children and adolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The principle of collaboration with parents is one of the basic elements of comprehensive support provided to both children with ASD and their families. Research Aim: The aim of the research was a multi-faceted approach to the level of satisfaction of parents of children with ASD with the professional support and a search for personal traits and dispositions related to the level and various aspects of parents’ satisfaction with collaboration with specialists supporting their children and families. Method: The research was carried out in a group of 204 parents of children with ASD. The following measures were used: Family-Professional Partnership Scale (FPPS), Enabling Practices Scale (EPS), Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) – TIPI-PL; Psychological Entitlement Scale (PES), and Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6). Results: The obtained results show an above-average satisfaction of parents with the support they receive. Significant predictors of the satisfaction of surveyed parents with the specialist support were the following personal characteristics and dispositions: gratitude, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness. Conclusions: The results enable an initial assessment of satisfaction with formal support among parents of children with ASD. They also indicate selected personal dispositions related to a high level of satisfaction with the support received.

Assessment of Sugar-Related Dietary Patterns to Personality Traits and Cognitive–Behavioural and Emotional Functioning in Working-Age Women

This cross-sectional study investigated interactions among sugar-related dietary patterns (DPs), personality traits, and cognitive–behavioural and emotional functioning. The study involved working-age women aged 18–54. Data were collected between Winter and Spring of 2020/21. The survey was conducted using anonymised questionnaires. The ten-item personality inventory (TIPI-PL) was used to examine personality traits based on the Big Five personality trait model. A three-factor eating questionnaire (TFEQ-13) was used to measure the following eating behaviours: cognitive restraint (CR), uncontrolled eating (UE), and emotional eating (EE). The KomPAN questionnaire collected the frequency of the intake. Dietary patterns (DPs) were derived by principal component analysis (PCA). A logistic regression (OR) was applied to verify the associations among the DPs, personality traits, and cognitive–behavioural and emotional functioning. Three DPs were identified: sweet-Western (SWDP), pro-healthy (PHDP), and dairy (DDP). Women with high conscientiousness were less likely, by 33%, to adhere to the upper tercile of the SWDP and 80% more likely to the upper tercile of the PHDP. Elevated CR intensity increased by almost twofold (OR: 1.93; p < 0.001) the likelihood of high adherence to the SWDP. The high intensity in the EE decreased by 37% (OR: 0.63; p < 0.01) the likelihood of increased adherence to the SWDP. Personality traits and eating behaviours significantly correlated with the extracted SWDP.

Can religion motivate people to blow the whistle?

While major religions espouse moral values encouraging prosocial behavior, the empirical evidence supporting the effectiveness of religious influence on such behavior, as proposed by the religious pro-sociality hypothesis, remains inconclusive. To explore this further, we conducted two studies to test this hypothesis in Pakistan, a Muslim-majority Asian nation, focusing on whistleblowing as a prosocial behavior. The first study gathered cross-sectional data from 323 undergraduate business students in Karachi, Pakistan, utilizing hypothetical scenarios of academic cheating and bank embezzlement. Participants completed a scenario-based questionnaire assessing intrinsic religiosity, personality traits, and whistleblowing intentions. Measures were adapted for the Muslim context, with intrinsic religiosity assessed using the Age Universal Intrinsic-Extrinsic (AUIE) scale and personality traits measured using the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) scale. Regression analysis of these data revealed that while intrinsic religiosity significantly predicted whistleblowing intentions in the academic cheating scenario, it did not do so in the bank embezzlement scenario. Furthermore, multiple regression modeling to test moderating effects of personality traits did not yield significant results for either scenario. The second study employed an experimental design to observe actual whistleblowing behavior among 85 undergraduate business students in Karachi, Pakistan. Participants were randomly assigned to either a religious or a neutral condition, aiming to assess the impact of intrinsic religiosity on whistleblowing behavior. The experiment used a cover story which involved a confederate cheating during an intelligence quotient (IQ) test. The purpose of this design was to examine whether the participant, acting as the sole witness to wrongdoing, would intervene and blow the whistle. Data analysis using logistic regression indicated that intrinsic religiosity did not significantly predict whistleblowing behavior across both the experimental and control conditions. These contrasting results highlight the complexity of whistleblowing, emphasizing its subjective nature and the influence of social dynamics on behavior.

Relationship between Personality Traits and Work Life Balance with a Mediating Role of Work Family Conflict

This study explores the nexus between personality traits and work-life balance, with a focus on the intermediary role of work-family conflict. The research, quantitative in nature, employs a correlational design, using instruments such as the Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) and Work and Family Conflict Scales (WAFCS) to assess a sample of 200 salespersons in Gujranwala, Pakistan. Key personality traits examined include extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience. Results reveal a significant negative correlation between several personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) and work-family conflict, and a positive correlation between extraversion and emotional stability with work-life balance. Openness to experience, however, does not significantly predict work-life balance outcomes. Work-family conflict is found to have a substantial negative impact on work-life balance and serves as a partial mediator in the relationship between certain personality traits and work-life balance. The study underscores the critical influence of personality traits on the work-life balance equation and the mediating role of work-family conflict. It suggests that a better understanding of these relationships can aid organizations in tailoring interventions and support systems to individual employee needs, enhancing both personal well-being and organizational productivity. study's implications extend to the realm of human resource policies and practices, emphasizing the importance of considering personality dimensions in work-life balance initiatives. However, the research's correlational nature and its focus on a specific professional group in a singular geographic locale highlight the need for further, more diverse studies to broaden the generalizability of these findings.

How can Women Working in Mining Achieve a Flourishing Life

Mining is a high-risk field of work, especially for women. A work environment that is prone to accidents is the basis for the application of strict work rules. This risk causes concern and has an impact on the individual’s process of achieving a flourishing life. Although, individual personality considerations also play a role in achieving flourishing. This study aims to determine the relationship between the big five personalities and development. This research is nonexperimental quantitative research with a correlational approach. The research respondents were 32 female employees who worked in the mining company. The age of the respondents was in the range of 20–54 years. The majority of respondents had a bachelor’s degree. As many as 68.75% of employees work in the office and 31.25% work in the field. The scale used is the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) and the Flourishing Scale (FS). The analysis was performed with multiple linear regression. The results showed that big five personalities simultaneously does not affect flourishing (R = 0.515; P > 0.05). However, partially agreeableness and conscientiousness influence flourishing (R = 0.493; P < 0.05). That is, women who work in mining with agreeableness and conscientiousness tend to flourish more easily than extraversion, emotional stability, and openness to experience. However, the personalities of the big five were not an important consideration in achieveing a flourish life for women who work in mining company.
 Keywords: big five personalities, flourishing, mining female employees

Technology and Meditation: Exploring the Challenges and Benefits of a Physical Device to Support Meditation Routine

Existing studies of technology supporting meditation habit formation mainly focus on mobile applications which support users via reminders. A potentially more effective source of motivation could be contextual cues provided by meaningful objects in meaningful locations. This longitudinal mixed-methods 8-week study explored the effectiveness of such an object, Prana, in supporting forming meditation habits among seven novice meditators. First, the Meditation Intentions Questionnaire-24 and the Determinants of Meditation Practice Inventory-Revised were administered. The self-report habit index (SrHI) was administered before and after the study. Prana recorded meditation session times, while daily diaries captured subjective experiences. At the end of the study, the system usability scale, the ten-item personality inventory, and the brief self-control scale were completed, followed by individual semi-structured interviews. We expected to find an increase in meditation frequency and temporal consistency, but the results failed to confirm this. Participants meditated for between 16% and 84% of the study. The frequency decreased with time for four, decreased with subsequent increase for two, and remained stable for one of them. Daily meditation experiences were positive, and the perceived difficulty to start meditating was low. No relevant correlation was found between the perceived difficulty in starting to meditate and meditation experience overall; the latter was only weakly associated with the likelihood of meditating the next day. While meditation became more habitual for six participants, positive scores on SrHI were rare. Despite the inconclusive results, this study provides valuable insights into challenges and benefits of using a meditation device, as well as potential methodological difficulties in studying habit formation with physical devices.

Effect of Personality and Physical Activity on Bone Mineral Density in College Students: A Cross-sectional Survey

To explore the correlation between 5 dimensions of personality, physical activity (PA), and bone mineral density (BMD) among college students. A total of 705 undergraduates (329 males and 376 females) from a sports university were recruited. Based on their sports training experience, the participants were divided into 6 major sports groups, including ball sports, skilled sports, competitive sports, track and field, leisure sports, and no sports. Students with professional sports training (ie, athletes) were categorized into ballgame, skilled, competitive, and track and field groups, while the rest (non-athletes) were placed in leisure and no sports groups. Ten-Item Personality Inventory in China (TIPI-C), or the 5-factor model of personality, was used to measure the 5 personality dimensions of openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism of the participants. Their daily level was measured with GT3X+ triaxial accelerometers over 7 continuous days. Then, parameter thresholds were established and the participants' PA was categorized as light (LPA), moderate (MPA), and vigorous (VPA). The bone mineral density (BMD) of arms, legs, and the total body was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The mediation effect of PA and that of the 5-factor model of personality were tested using PROCESS and Sobel tests. The correlation between the 5 personality dimensions, PA, and BMD was explored, with PA and the 5 personality dimensions as mediator variables. A comparison of PA and BMD was conducted across the 6 major sports groups. The correlation between PA of different intensities and BMD was also analyzed using Spearman's correlation. Although there were 90 potential relationships between PA, the 5 personality dimensions, and BMD, only 3 were significant. When conscientiousness was used as an independent variable and MPA, as a mediating variable, statistically significant differences in PROCESS results were reported (P<0.01), with MPA mediating 17.3% of arm BMD, 19.4% of leg BMD, and 19.1% of total body BMD. Among male students, there was no significant difference in LPA among the 6 groups, but significant differences in MPA and VPA (P<0.05). Among female students, significant differences in LPA, MPA, and VPA were observed in all 6 groups and the differences between MPA and VPA were especially prominent (P<0.05). For both males and females, the differences in arm, leg, and total body BMD across the 6 groups were statistically significant (P<0.05), with these differences being more pronounced in females. There was no correlation between LPA and BMD in either sex. MPA and VPA were positively correlated with BMD, with MPA correlating with arm, leg, and total body BMD (males, Spearman's correlation [rs]: 0.11-0.14, P<0.05; females, rs: 0.20-0.23, P<0.01). VPA correlated with arm, leg, and total body BMD (males, rs: 0.11-0.23, P<0.05; females, rs: 0.26-0.30, P<0.01). MPA is associated with BMD in college students scoring high in the conscientiousness dimension of personality. In addition, there is a weak positive correlation between both MPA and VPA and BMD levels, with these associations being more pronounced in females.

Perceived Health Benefits in Vestibular Schwannoma Patients with Long-Term Postoperative Headache: Insights from Personality Traits and Pain Coping-A Cross-Sectional Study.

Postoperative headaches (POHs) following retrosigmoid microsurgery for vestibular schwannoma (VS) can significantly impact patients' perceived health benefits (PHBs). In this cross-sectional observational study, 101 VS patients were investigated. For the assessment of pain, the Rostock Headache Compendium (RoKoKo) and the German pain processing questionnaire (FESV) were used. The perceived health benefits (PHBs) were assessed by the Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) and Big Five personality traits were measured using the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI-G). We showed that 55% of the participants experienced POHs, leading to a marked reduction in overall PHBs compared to those without POHs. The correlation analysis revealed an association between decreased PHBs and elevated levels of pain-related helplessness, depression, anxiety, and anger. Positive correlations were identified between PHBs and action-planning competence, cognitive restructuring, and the experience of competence. Low emotional stability and openness yielded associations with pain-related psychological impairment. Hearing loss and facial paresis did not exert a significant impact on PHBs. The study highlights the influence of pain-related coping strategies on PHBs in long-term POH patients. Thus, coping mechanisms and personality traits should be assessed even before surgery for post-surgery pain prevention. The limitations of this study include a relatively small sample size, potential biases introduced by the overrepresentation of female patients, and the use of an online survey methodology. In conclusion, this research highlights that the interplay between headaches, PHBs, and psychological factors is also relevant in VS patients undergoing microsurgery. Short-term psychological interventions should therefore be taken into account to improve post-surgery adaptive coping strategies.

Synesthetic Colors Associated with Personality

DR experiences a rare form of synesthesia in which the sight of people simultaneously induces colors. We evaluated her conviction that her synesthetic ‘people-colors’ are stable and associated with personality. In Study 1, DR briefly viewed each of 10 strangers through a half-silvered mirror, in silence, over two sessions. In Study 2, DR could both see and talk briefly to each of 12 new strangers, over three sessions. For each stranger, DR described her synesthetic colors and filled out a ten-item personality inventory (TIPI) based upon them. She provided consistent synesthetic colors/personality ratings across sessions. Still, her initial person-colors did change with further exposure, for the dimension of personality that she identified most accurately, namely, Extraversion. The correlations of DR's colors with the subjects’ Extraversion (as coded from the TIPI self-reports) rose from low-moderate in Study 1 to r = .74 in Study 2, but were weak (r &lt; .03) for the remaining four personality dimensions. We conclude that experiential learning can affect synesthesia, not only for color-word associations, but also for person-colors.

The Relationship Between Nurses' Communication Practices, Personality Traits and Organizational Silence Behavior

The use of organizational silence has been described as an active and conscious action employed to deliberately withhold information about an organization. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of nurses' communication practices and personality traits on organizational silence behaviors. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 220 nurses. The survey contained questions concerning nurses’ individual/professional characteristics and their choices about whether or not to remain silent about issues in the workplace and it also contained the Organizational Silence Behavior Scale and the Ten-Item Personality Inventory. Descriptive statistics, and regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Nurses’ mean score of the Organizational Silence Behavior Scale was 2.6 (.81). Multiple regression analysis indicated that nurses' organizational silence behavior was negatively affected by the choice to remain silent when their relationships with colleagues were put at risk, when they felt they may be excluded if they expressed their opinions, when they did not believe that sharing their ideas would improve the unit, and when their personality trait was determined to be emotionally stable. Organizational silence behavior is influenced by the choice to remain silent and an emotionally stable personality type.

Personality Traits Associated with Treatment Choice with an Explicit Statistical Prediction After an Explanation in a Negative Context: A Study in Patients with Glaucoma.

Over 50% of patients with early-stage glaucoma discontinue topical therapy within the first 6 months of treatment initiation. This risk of discontinuation could be reduced by how the ophthalmologist explains the treatment plan. Ophthalmologists can explain the treatment plan to patients in either positive or negative contexts. Although explanations in a negative context can be selected depending on the medical situation, identification of patients who will choose the treatment with explicit statistical prediction after an explanation in a negative context is important; personality traits are related to these emotional decisions. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the personality traits associated with choice of treatment with explicit statistical prediction after an explanation in a negative context. A total of 147 patients with glaucoma were recruited for this study. The questionnaire booklets used contained positively framed or negatively framed versions of an "Asian disease problem" to enable examination of the influence of the way in which a problem is framed (framing effect) on the participants' decision-making. The Japanese version of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory was used to estimate the personality traits of the participants. Low conscientiousness was identified as the only variable that was strongly predictive of the choice of treatment with explicit statistical prediction (β = -0.44, z = 2.19, p = 0.03). In addition, while the association was not statistically significant, low neuroticism was found to be weakly predictive of the choice of uncertain treatment (β = -0.37, z = 1.73, p = 0.08). In conclusion, we showed that low levels of conscientiousness predict the choice of treatment with explicit statistical prediction (ie, topical treatment) for glaucoma after an explanation in a negative context.

Facial Expression of TIPI Personality and CHMP-Tri Psychopathy Traits in Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Honest signalling theory suggests that humans and chimpanzees can extract socially relevant information relating to personality from the faces of their conspecifics. Humans are also able to extract information from chimpanzees’ faces. Here, we examine whether personality characteristics of chimpanzees, including measures of psychopathy, can be discerned based purely on facial morphology in photographs. Twenty-one chimpanzees were given naïve and expert personality ratings on the Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) and the Chimpanzee Triarchic Model of Psychopathy (CHMP-Tri) before and following behavioural observations. Characteristics relating to openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, and disinhibition could be distinguished from the faces of chimpanzees. Individuals higher on disinhibition have lower scores on conscientiousness and emotional stability and higher scores on extraversion, while those higher on meanness have lower conscientiousness and agreeableness. Facial expressions are linked to personality traits present in the TIPI and CHMP-Tri models: the Relaxed Face and the Grooming Face were displayed more by chimpanzees higher on agreeableness, whereas the Compressed Lips Face was observed more in those individuals higher on boldness, and the Full Open Grin was displayed more by chimpanzees higher on extraversion but lower on emotional stability and conscientiousness. Facial expressions were also found to be associated with particular behavioural contexts, namely the Grooming Face in affiliative contexts and the Relaxed and Relaxed Open Mouth Faces in neutral contexts. Dominant chimpanzees display higher levels of boldness and more Compressed Lips Faces, Relaxed Open Mouth Faces, and Grooming Faces than subordinate individuals. These findings support and extend evidence for an honest signalling system and a personality structure shared between humans and chimpanzees. Future research could further explore how personality is conveyed through the face, perhaps through more than just singular aspects of character, and maybe reflecting what chimpanzees themselves are able to do.

Association between Reaction Times in the Joint Simon Task and Personality Traits.

Joint go and no-go effects (joint Simon effects; JSEs) are considered to have a stimulus-response compatibility effect on joint reaction time tasks (joint Simon task) caused by the presence of other people. Additionally, JSEs are known to be associated with various social factors and are therefore a potential clinical marker for communicative function; however, the relationship with the personality that is associated with communication skills remains unclear. In this study, we focused on the association between JSE and personality traits. Thirty Japanese participants (fifteen women) were recruited. First, personality trait scores were obtained using the Japanese version of the ten-item personality inventory before the experiment. Second, we measured reaction times in the joint Simon task and single go and no-go tasks with the go signal presented on the congruent and incongruent sides. At last, we analyzed the association between reaction times and personality traits by using Spearman's correlation analysis. As a result, we observed two pairs with significant correlations: JSE and neuroticism and short reaction times in the joint condition and agreeableness. In conclusion, we identified potential psychological markers associated with the joint Simon task. These findings may lead to an additional hypothesis regarding the neurobiological mechanisms of JSEs.

Healthy Orthorexia, Orthorexia Nervosa, and Personality Traits in a Community Sample in Turkey.

Orthorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by a rigid preoccupation with a perceived healthy diet. However, little is known about healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa. We aim to examine the relationship between healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa scores and personality traits in a Turkish sample. Three hundred fifty participants from a community sample aged 18-65 were included in the study. The participants completed a sociodemographic data collection form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS), and Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI). The frequency of healthy orthorexia was 32.3%, and orthorexia nervosa was 10.2% in our sample. There were no differences between genders regarding healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa scores. Healthy orthorexia symptoms were negatively correlated with depression and anxiety (r = -.11 and r = -.20, respectively, P < .05) while positively correlated with agreeableness (r = .17), conscientiousness (r = .14), and extraversion (r = .15). Orthorexia nervosa symptoms was positively associated with anxiety (r = .12), depression (r = .10), and healthy orthorexia (r = .55). Hierarchical regression analyses showed that depression is negatively associated with healthy orthorexia symptoms, explaining a 4% variance. The Agreeableness trait was positively associated with healthy orthorexia symptoms and explained a 4% variance. However, regression analyses could not demonstrate a specific association with orthorexia nervosa symptoms. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to examine the relationships between personality traits, healthy orthorexia, and orthorexia nervosa symptoms in a Turkish sample. Examining specific sociocultural factors is essential to understand orthorexia nervosa and healthy eating behaviors.

The interplay of personality traits, anxiety, and depression in Chinese college students: a network analysis.

Anxiety and depression are among the greatest contributors to the global burden of diseases. The close associations of personality traits with anxiety and depression have been widely described. However, the common practice of sum scores in previous studies limits the understanding of the fine-grained connections between different personality traits and anxiety and depression symptoms and cannot explore and compare the risk or protective effects of personality traits on anxiety and depression symptoms. We aimed to determine the fine-grained connections between different personality traits and anxiety and depression symptoms and identify the detrimental or protective effects of different personality traits on anxiety and depression symptoms. A total of 536 college students from China were recruited online, and the average age was 19.98 ± 1.11. The Chinese version of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to investigate the personality traits and symptoms of anxiety and depression of participants after they understood the purpose and filling method of the survey and signed the informed consent. The demographic characteristics were summarized, and the scale scores were calculated. The network model of personality traits and symptoms of anxiety and depression was constructed, and bridge expected influence (BEI) was measured to evaluate the effect of personality traits on anxiety and depression. The edge accuracy and BEI stability were estimated, and the BEI difference and the edge weight difference were tested. In the network, 29 edges (indicating partial correlations between variables) bridged the personality community and the anxiety and depression community, among which the strongest correlations were extraversion-fatigue, agreeableness-suicidal ideation, conscientiousness-uncontrollable worry, neuroticism-excessive worry, neuroticism-irritability, and openness-feelings of worthlessness. Neuroticism had the highest positive BEI value (0.32), agreeableness had the highest negative BEI value (-0.27), and the BEI values of neuroticism and agreeableness were significantly different from those of most other nodes (p < 0.05). There are intricate correlations between personality traits and the symptoms of anxiety and depression in college students. Neuroticism was identified as the most crucial risk trait for depression and anxiety symptoms, while agreeableness was the most central protective trait.

Person-centered care: preferences and predictors in speech-language pathology and audiology practitioners.

Increasingly person-centered care (PCC) is being recognized as an important aspect of speech-language pathology and audiology (SLP/A) service delivery. This study aimed to (i) identify preferences toward PCC; (ii) determine predictors of these preferences; and (iii) describe the understanding and views of PCC among SLP/A in South Africa. A mixed-method design was followed utilizing an online survey and four focus group discussions. The survey included demographic questions, the modified Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale (mPPOS), the Ten-Item-Personality-Inventory (TIPI) and an open-ended question. The focus group discussions included prompting questions which facilitated an open-ended discussion. A total of 91 practitioners (39.6% speech-language pathologists) completed the online survey, with nine (44.4% audiologists) participating in the focus group discussions. A high preference toward PCC was noted, with a total mean mPPOS score of 4.6 (0.6 SD). Quantile regression analysis revealed four predictors (age, home language, sector, and personality trait openness) associated with PCC preferences. Three main categories emerged from the open-ended question and focus group discussions: (i) Positive experiences with PCC; (ii) restrictions toward PCC, and (iii) PCC exposure. Positive (age and personality trait openness) and negative (home language and sector of employment) predictors toward PCC exist among speech-language pathologists and audiologists, with an overall general preference toward PCC. Practitioners experience facilitators and barriers toward implementing PCC including the extent of personal experiences, available resources and tools as well as workplace culture. These aspects require further investigation.

The Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI): a scoping review of versions, translations and psychometric properties.

The Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) is a brief instrument designed to assess the five-factor model (FFM) personality dimensions. It was specifically developed to provide a brief assessment option in situations where using more comprehensive FFM instruments would be unfeasible. The TIPI enjoys widespread use and has been translated into several different languages. The aim of this scoping review was to generate an overview of different versions of the TIPI, and their psychometric properties in terms of two aspects of validity (convergent and structural) and two aspects of reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability). Four databases (PsycINFO, PubPsych, Medline, and Web of Science) were searched for studies exploring psychometric properties of the TIPI (original and/or translated or revised versions), published in English as full-text original research articles. Additionally, manual searches were conducted on the official TIPI website and in reference lists. Studies who utilized the TIPI simply as a measure, without an aim of testing its psychometric properties, were excluded. A descriptive-analytical approach was utilized to generate overviews of available TIPI versions and their psychometric properties. In a total of 29 studies, 27 versions of the TIPI were identified, covering 18 different languages. Across versions, and evaluated against conventions of acceptable psychometric properties, the TIPI demonstrated acceptable test-retest reliability, somewhat mixed results for convergent and structural validity, and inappropriate internal consistency. Being a brief instrument, the TIPI is unsurprisingly characterized by certain psychometric shortcomings. However, the TIPI may represent a feasible compromise in instances where it is necessary to strike a balance between maximizing psychometric properties and minimizing survey length.

Can low-income people afford life satisfaction? The modifying effect of personality traits, a cross-sectional study

The aim was to investigate whether the "Big Five" personality traits modify the association between household income and life satisfaction (LF); and to evaluate the interaction and main effects of personality traits and income on LF. Data from the Dental Care and Oral Health Study (DCOHS, 2015–2016) was used for the cross-sectional study (n = 3,475). Multivariable Poisson regression models (adjusted for demographics and health behaviours) assessed the effect of personality traits (measured using the Ten-Item Personality Inventory) on the association between income and LF (measured by the Satisfaction With Life Scale) using prevalence ratios (PRs). The Relative Excess Risk due to Interaction (RERI) was calculated to assess the direction of effect modification. Among low-income respondents, low LF was less prevalent in those with high personality trait scores than those with low scores. The difference in the prevalence of low LF by personality traits was greater between low versus high income for openness (11.4% vs 7.7%), agreeableness (12.3% vs 9.4%) and emotional stability (26.1% vs 20.2%) categories. The combined effects of low income and low scores for these traits on LF also exceeded the sum of their individual effects, as shown by their positive RERIs. The association between low income and low LF was modified by high openness, agreeableness and emotional stability scores. Findings suggest that psychological interventions for improving LF would be most beneficial in low-income groups.

Survey of Health Literacy Among Japanese Outpatients with Mental Illness.

Low health literacy has been associated with adverse outcomes in health maintenance and the course of chronic physical illness. In particular, anxiety disorders can also affect one's physical health, causing issues including cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal and immune system disorders. However, there are no reports on physical health literacy among Japanese patients with mental illness. A patient background questionnaire, the Japanese version of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, and the Japanese version of the Health Literacy Scale (HLS-EU-Q47; European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire) were distributed face to face to 1000 psychiatric outpatients. A total of 785 valid responses including 211 patients with schizophrenia, 261 patients with mood disorders, and 234 patients with anxiety disorders were obtained by mail. Health literacy was "limited" in 52% of patients with schizophrenia, 51% of those with mood disorders, and 38% of those with anxiety disorders. Among patients with mood disorders, there were no differences between those with major depressive disorder and those with bipolar disorder. Anxiety disorders were associated with higher health literacy than schizophrenia and mood disorders (odds ratio (OR) 1.85, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.07, 3.34), and in terms of personality, neuroticism (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.75, 0.97) and openness (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.74, 0.98) were associated with limited health literacy, while agreeableness (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.18, 1.57) and extraversion OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.17, 1.52) were associated with higher health literacy. The results of this study indicate limited health literacy in patients with mental illness, in particular, limited health literacy in outpatients with schizophrenia and mood disorders. In addition, gender and some personality traits were associated with physical health literacy. Based on these results, physical health education should be individualized.

Replication of the music preference (MUSIC) model and evaluation of its association with personality and autistic traits

Music preferences have consistently been found to follow a five-factor structure (i.e., Mellow, Unpretentious, Sophisticated, Intense, and Contemporary, in short MUSIC), in the West. These factors are associated, in turn, with the Big Five personality traits. However, the stability of this structure and its association with personality in non-Western cultures are underexplored. Moreover, behavioral traits other than personality traits might relate to music preferences. High systemizing traits, as often seen in people with autism, tend to be associated with a preference for Intense music. However, whether this generalizes to autistic traits in the general population remains unclear. The current study therefore attempted to examine the five-factor MUSIC model and test its association with Big Five personality traits and autistic traits in an online study of Malaysians. A total of 444 participants, of whom 59.7% were of Chinese ethnicity, rated their preference for 50 brief musical excerpts and completed the Ollen Musical Sophistication Index, the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, and the Autism-Spectrum Quotient-28. The original MUSIC model was partially replicated with virtually identical Sophisticated and Intense factors. However, once age, gender, and musical sophistication were controlled for, most of the previously reported associations between Big Five personality traits and music preferences were not found. Instead of a positive association between autistic traits and Intense music, a negative association was found between autistic traits and Contemporary music. These findings partially support the validity of the MUSIC model in Malaysia and highlight the importance of undertaking research on music preferences in non-Western contexts.