Temporal Variability Of Sea Surface Temperature Research Articles

Variability of Sea Surface Temperature in Indonesia Based on Aqua Modis Satellite Data

Sea surface temperature (SST) is one of the oceanographic factor in seawater. Its value depends on several factors. In indonesia, SST value depend on season and location. The aims of this study are to analyze the spatial and temporal variability of SST using 10-years (2007-2016) Aqua Modis satellite data. The result shows that the average of SST in Indonesia ranges from 27 – 31 °C depending on location. SST in equator area range from 30 – 31 °C and in nonequator area range from 27 – 30 °C. Monthly and seasonal variation of SST also show different value for each area in the indonesian region.

Variability of Sea Surface Temperature in Indonesia Based on Aqua Modis Satellite Data

Sea surface temperature (SST) is one of the oceanographic factor in seawater. Its value depends on several factors. In indonesia, SST value depend on season and location. The aims of this study are to analyze the spatial and temporal variability of SST using 10-years (2007-2016) Aqua Modis satellite data. The result shows that the average of SST in Indonesia ranges from 27 – 31 °C depending on location. SST in equator area range from 30 – 31 °C and in nonequator area range from 27 – 30 °C. Monthly and seasonal variation of SST also show different value for each area in the indonesian region.

Spatial and temporal variability of SST and ocean color in the Gulf of Maine based on cloud-free SST and chlorophyll reconstructions in 2003–2012

The spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperature (SST) and Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) in the Gulf of Maine (GOM) is examined using daily, cloud-free Data INterpolating Empirical Orthogonal Function (DINEOF) reconstructions during 2003–2012. The utility of the DINEOF SST and Chl-a is demonstrated through direct comparisons with buoy- and ship-based observations. EOF analyses of cloud-free products are further used to quantify the SST and Chl-a variability on seasonal to inter-annual timescales. The first mode of SST is dominated by an annual cycle in response to net surface heat flux, with SST lagging surface flux by ~57days. The second mode of SST underscores interactions between GOM, the Scotian Shelf, and the slope sea in response to the basin scale atmospheric forcing represented by the North Atlantic Oscillation. The third mode correlates well with the evolution of Scotian Shelf-slope frontal displacement. The first EOF mode of Chl-a is dominated by a winter–spring bloom and a fall bloom, with a spatial distribution modified by the tidal mixing that facilitates nutrient delivery from the deep ocean. The second EOF mode is likely associated with a winter bloom in the warm slope sea, where the low-frequency variations of second modes of SST and Chl-a are in phase, suggesting a possible coupling between physical and biological responses to atmospheric forcing. The third mode of the Chl-a is likely associated with freshening events associated with advection of the Scotian Shelf Water, which enhance stratifications in the eastern GOM.

Adriatic Sea surface temperature and ocean colour variability during the MFSPP

Abstract. Two years and six months of night-time Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sea surface temperature (SST) and daytime Sea viewing Wide Field of view Sensor (SeaWiFS) data collected during the MFSPP have been used to examine spatial and temporal variability of SST and chlorophyll (Chl) in the Adriatic Sea. Flows along the Albanian and the Italian coasts can be distinguished year-round in the monthly averaged Chl but only in the colder months in the monthly averaged SST’s. The Chl monthly-averaged fields supply less information on circulation features away from coastal boundaries and where conditions are generally oligotrophic, except for the early spring bloom in the Southern Adriatic Gyre. To better characterise the year-to-year and seasonal variability, exploratory data analysis techniques, particularly the plotting of multiple Chl-SST histograms, are employed to make joint quantitative use of monthly-averaged fields. Modal water mass (MW), corresponding to the Chl-SST pairs in the neighbourhood of the maximum of each monthly histogram, are chosen to represent the temporal and spatial evolution of the prevalent processes and their variability in the Adriatic Sea. Over an annual cycle, the MW followed a triangular path with the most pronounced seasonal and interannual variations in both Chl-SST properties and spatial distributions of the MW in the colder part of the year. The winter of 1999 is the colder (by at least 0.5°C) and most eutrophic (by 0.2 mg/m 3). The fall of the year 2000 is characterised by the lack of cooling in the month of November that was observed in the previous year. In addition to characterising the MW, the two-dimensional histogram technique allows a distinction to be made between different months in terms of the spread of SST values at a given Chl concentration. During spring and summer, the spread is minimal indicating surface homothermal conditions. In fall and winter, on the other hand, a spread of points suggesting a linear negative correlation between SST and Chl is found. This behaviour is related to the high nutrient content of cooler water associated with upwelling or the Po River fresh water outflow. Key words. Oceanography: general (diurnal, seasonal and annual cycles; marginal and semi-enclosed seas; water masses)

Seasonal surface ocean variability in the South Atlantic Bight derived from CZCS and AVHRR imagery

Spatial and temporal variability of sea-surface temperature (SST) and surface chlorophyll derived from the AVHRR and CZCS sensors was examined using a 5-year (1981–1986) time series of 866 SST and 372 CZCS images averaged into monthly mean fields. Five-year mean CZCS-Chl and SST mean fields showed similar patterns, which closely followed the shelf and slope water bathymetry. Along-shelf surface pigment variability is greatest in the near-shore waters and decreases offshore. Monthly mean CZCS-Chl and SST showed consistent cross-shelf gradients with near-shore surface waters cooler and more pigment-laden than offshore waters and with summer months warmer and with lower CZCS-Chl concentrations compared to winter. Harmonic regression analysis of monthly (59 months) CZCS-Chl and SST vs time showed that the seasonal cycle explains the highest proportion (> 80%) of CZCS-Chl variability in shelf waters from Cape Fear, S.C. to Cape Lookout, N.C., with highest concentrations observed during colder months of the year (ca November through March). The seasonal signal also dominates SST in this region explaining approximately 80–90% of the variability in the 5-year time series. Seasonal cycles of CZCS-Chl and SST are inversely related with the highest correlation observed south of Cape Hatteras and relatively poor correlation north of Cape Hatteras. In general, the seasonal cycle explained more of the variability in near-shore and mid shelf waters than in waters near the shelf-break. © 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd