Background: The temporal bone is a complex anatomic structure that contains the organs of hearing and balance and has direct contact with brainstem, cerebellum and temporal lobe of brain. The application of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in the temporal bone study has allowed the detailed assessment of complex bony anatomy and pathology. The aim of this study was to evaluate various temporal bone pathologies (inammatory, traumatic, neoplastic and congenital anomalies), their extent and complications on HRCT and to correlate these imaging ndings with surgical/histopathological ndings wherever possible. Materials And Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the Department of Radiology, Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Silchar from 1st of June 2021 to 31st of May 2022 amongst 50 patients with clinically known or suspected pathologies of inner ear, middle or external ear and the temporal bone. In our study, the most common temporal bone pathologies were inamma Results: tory (62%) followed by traumatic (24%), neoplastic (10%) and congenital (4%). Most common inammatory pathology was otomastoiditis (45.16%) followed by acquired Cholesteatoma (35.48%), chronic mastoiditis (9.68%), Otitis media (6.45%) and Otitis externa (3.23%). Out of 12 traumatic cases, longitudinal fracture(58.3%) was found to be the most common type followed by transverse fracture(25%) and mixed fracture(16.67%). Out of 5 cases of neoplastic pathology, 60% of cases were benign and 40% were malignant aetiology with acoustic neuroma being the most common tumour. EAC atresia was the most common congenital anomaly. The surgical and radiological correlation showed a high sensitivity in the identication of cholesteatoma. HRCT of the temporal bone is a highly efcacious modality for a Conclusions: ccurate delineation of the anatomy and various pathologies of the temporal bone and it has revolutionized the role of radiology in diagnosis and management of temporal bone diseases.