Temporal Angle Research Articles

Associations of ocular anterior segment structures with sex and age: the Yamagata study (Funagata).

To investigate the associations of tomographic parameters in anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) with sex and age in a cohort study. A cohort design. AS-OCT data from 391 Japanese participants aged ≥ 35 years were obtained using swept-source OCT. In the cornea, the keratometric power at the flat (Kf) and steep (Ks) meridians, maximum keratometric power (Kmax), keratometric cylinder, spherical power, regular astigmatism, asymmetry, higher-order irregularity (HOI) from the anterior and posterior surfaces, and the central and thinnest corneal thicknesses were evaluated. Also, anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness, crystalline lens rise (CLR), and nasal and temporal angle opening distances at 500μm from the scleral spur (AOD500) were assessed. Sex differences and age-related changes were analyzed. Women exhibited higher anterior Kf, Ks, and Kmax and lower posterior Kf, Ks, and Kmax than men. The ACD and nasal/temporal AOD500 were shorter in women than in men. The CLR was higher in women, whereas the lens thickness did not differ between the sexes, indicating a more anteriorly positioned lens in women. Age-related changes included increased anterior/posterior HOI, increased lens thickness and CLR resulting in decreased ACD and AOD500. This study reveals sex-related differences in corneal shape, anterior chamber conformation, and lens position, as well as age-related changes in tomographic parameters. ACD, CLR, nasal and temporal AOD500 showed significant sex differences in the 50-70s, whereas lens thickness showed no difference.

Novel hyperparallel optical coherence tomography for angle closure assessment: comparison with swept-source OCT and gonioscopy

AimTo evaluate reproducibility and agreement of angle closure assessment by a novel hyperparallel optical coherence tomography (OCT) system (HP-OCT, Cylite Optics, Melbourne, Australia), in comparison with swept-source OCT (SS-OCT, CASIA...

Relationship between the length of macular Bruch's membrane on fundus photograph and myopia occurrence in pre-myopia children aged 3–6 years: A 3-year longitudinal study

PurposeTo evaluate the occurrence and influencing factors of myopia occurrence in pre-myopia children aged 3–6 years. MethodsThis study included 204 pre-myopia (-0.50D<spherical equivalent (SE) ≤+0.75D) children with three years follow-up in Beijing Hyperopia Reserve Research. All participants underwent a comprehensive eye examination. The length of macular Bruch's membrane (BM) and the temporal vascular arcade angle were measured upon fundus photographs. ResultsMean age at initial visit was 4.28 ± 0.98 years and mean SE was 0.45 ± 0.29D. Both at baseline and after 3 years of follow-up, axial length was longer in boys than that in girls. (all P < 0.001) Children were divided into two groups according to the refractive status of children at the final follow-up: Myopia group (SE≤-0.50D) and Non-myopia group (SE>-0.50D). The length of macular BM was shorter in Myopia group than that in Non-myopia group (P < 0.001). Baseline SE and the length of macular BM were independent influencing factors which associated with myopia occurrence (OR, 0.031; 95 % CI, 0.008–0.117, P < 0.001 and OR, 0.204; 95 % CI, 0.055–0.763, P = 0.018, respectively) by multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. SE changing process represented the changes of SE, Myopia group had bigger SE changes (P < 0.001). And in the multivariate liner regression analysis, age was the common influencing factor of SE changing process in total participants, Non-myopia group and Myopia group (B = 0.234, P < 0.001; B = 0.078, P = 0.010; B = 0.161, P = 0.046, respectively) ConclusionsInitial SE and the length of macular BM in pre-myopia children aged 3–6 years were the independent factors of the occurrence of myopia. And initial age was the common factor that associated with SE changing process.

ANATOMIC OUTCOMES OF LENS-SPARING VITRECTOMY FOR STAGE 3 OR 4 FAMILIAL EXUDATIVE VITREORETINOPATHY.

To report the anatomic outcomes and retinal structure changes from lens-sparing vitrectomy (LSV) for eyes with Stage 3 or 4 familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR). Overall, 133 consecutive eyes of 119 patients with Stage 3 (51 eyes) or 4 (82 eyes) FEVR who underwent LSV between January 2012 and May 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. One hundred twenty-nine eyes (97.0%) achieved traction relief through one LSV operation. The extent of retinal detachment improved in 98 eyes (73.7%), remained stable in 32 eyes (24.1%), and progressed in three eyes (2.3%). At long-term follow-up, 39 (29.3%) and 60 (45.1%) eyes had completely or partially reattached retina, respectively. The median change of venular angle was 3.6° (95% CI, 3.5-10.5; P < 0.001) and -9.9° (95% CI, -15.8 to -4.6; P < 0.001) for temporal and nasal vessels, respectively. The mean disk-fovea distance was 0.3 papillary diameter shorter (95% CI, -0.4 to -0.2; P < 0.001), and the mean temporal venular arcade distance was 0.02 papillary diameter larger (95% CI, -0.16 to 0.21; P = 0.361). These results suggest that LSV can relieve vitreoretinal traction and reattach the retina in late-stage FEVR eyes. Improvements in temporal and nasal venular angle and disk-fovea distance reflect positive retinal structure changes for patients.

Temporal vascular arcade angle in fundus image was associated with the rate of spherical equivalent refractive error and axial length changes in myopia children with young school age

PurposeTo evaluate temporal vascular arcade angle and its influencing factors in myopic children. MethodsIt was a retrospective study, we reviewed the records of 119 patients aged 6–10 years with myopia (spherical equivalent refractive error (SER) ≤ -0.05D) in the third year of follow-up in Beijing Hyperopia Reserve Research. We measured temporal vascular arcade angles on the fundus photographs and measured 3-year rate of spherical equivalent(D/year) and axial length (AXL) changes(mm/year). ResultsMean age at initial visit was 7.71±1.20 years and mean SER was -1.32±1.09D. Children were divided into two groups according to the refractive status of children at baseline: Myopia onset group (SER>-0.50D at baseline) (n = 107) and Myopia progression group (SER≤-0.50D at baseline) (n = 12). The mean SER in Myopia progression group was much smaller than Myopia onset group (P < 0.001) and mean AXL in Myopia progression group was much longer than Myopia onset group (P = 0.042). AXL (r=-0.320, P < 0.001), SER change rate (r=-0.209, P = 0.022) and AXL change rate (r=-0.232, P = 0.011) were associated with temporal vascular arcade angle in all participants. In Myopia onset group, AXL (r=-0.317, P < 0.001) and AXL change rate (r=-0.190, P = 0.05) were associated with temporal vascular arcade angle. There were no parameters were associated with temporal vascular arcade angle (all P > 0.05) in Myopia progression group. Only AXL (r=-0.306, P = 0.018) was associated with temporal vascular arcade angle in girls while AXL (r=-0.370, P = 0.004), SER change rate (r=-0.317, P = 0.013) and AXL change rate (r=-0.365, P = 0.004) were all associated with the Angle in boys. ConclusionTemporal vascular arcade angle was associated with the rate of SER and AXL changes in myopia onset children, and showed gender differences. These may suggest that lamina cribrosa location has different influencing factors in different genders and different stages of myopia development. Due to the small number of people in Myopia progression group, large sample size studies are still needed in the future.

Comparison of intraocular pressure profiles during the water drinking test and the modified diurnal tension curve

ObjectivesTo compare intraocular pressure (IOP) during the water drinking test (WDT) and modified diurnal tension curve (mDTC) in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients, using multimodal, observer-masked tonometry.MethodsOpen-angle glaucoma subjects were prospectively enroled, excluding those who had undergone glaucoma filtration or laser surgery. Two-hourly mDTC Goldmann applanation (GAT) and rebound tonometry (RT) was performed between 8:00 and 16:00, and every 15 min for 45 min after ingestion of 800mls of water. Blood pressure, heart rate, pupillometry measurements, and optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) were also recorded.ResultsForty-two subjects’ right eyes were included. 48% were using topical glaucoma medication. Mean baseline IOP was 14.9 ± 4.52 mmHg, with mean visual field mean deviation (±SD) −5.05 ± 5.45 dB. Strong association was found between maximum IOP during mDTC and WDT (r = 0.90, 95% CI 0.82–0.95 p < 0.0001) with agreement (mDTC-WDT) bias −0.82 mmHg, 95% LoA −1.46 to −0.18. During the WDT, mean systolic blood pressure (±SD) increased from 140.0 ± 20.0 to 153.3 ± 24.0 mmHg (p < 0.0001), mean heart rate ( ± SD) reduced from 69.5 ± 11.3 bpm to 63.6 ± 10.0 bpm (p < 0.0001), and temporal iridocorneal angle increased from 29.2 ± 6.0° to 29.6 ± 5.2° (p = 0.04).ConclusionThis study presents repeated, observer-masked IOP data showing strong correlation between maximum IOP during mDTC and WDT using multimodal tonometry. This supports WDT as a meaningful alternative to mDTC when investigating diurnal IOP characteristics in clinic, with reduced time requirements and associated costs.

Small group pedestrian crossing behaviour prediction using temporal angular 2D skeletal pose

A pedestrian is classified as a Vulnerable Road User (VRU) because they do not have the protective equipment that would make them fatal if they were involved in an accident. An accident can happen while a pedestrian is on the road, especially when crossing the road. To ensure pedestrian safety, it is necessary to understand and predict pedestrian behaviour when crossing the road. We propose pedestrian intention prediction using a 2D pose estimation approach with temporal angle as a feature. Based on visual observation of the Joint Attention in Autonomous Driving (JAAD) dataset, we found that pedestrians tend to walk together in small groups while waiting to cross, and then this group is disbanded on the opposite side of the road. Thus, we propose to perform prediction with small group of pedestrians, based on pedestrian statistical data, we define a small group of pedestrians as consisting of 4 pedestrians. Another problem raised is 2D pose estimation is processing each pedestrian index individually, which creates ambiguous pedestrian index in consecutive frame. We propose Multi Input Single Output (MISO), which has capabilities to process multiple pedestrians together, and use summation layer at the end of the model to solve the ambiguous pedestrian index problem without performing tracking on each pedestrian. The performance of our proposed model achieves model accuracy of 0.9306 with prediction performance of 0.8317.

Bilateral Ocular Ischaemic Syndrome due to Carotid Artery and Cardiovascular Disease: A Case Report

Introduction : Ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) is a rare but potentially blinding and fatal condition caused by carotid artery disease or other systemic condition results in ocular hypoperfusion.&#x0D; Case Illustration : A 62-year-old male with sudden bilateral vision loss, swelling, redness and pain of both eye for 7 days. There were dilated conjunctival and episcleral vessels, visual acuity of the right eye was hand movement and 0.05 for left eye, intraocular pressure (IOP) was 33 mmHg in right eye and 37 mmHgfor left eye. Anterior segment evaluation revealed rubeosis iris, mild anterior chamber reaction, and temporal angle neovascularization on gonioscopy. Both direct and consensual light reflexes were sluggish. Fundus examination showed normal optic disc, minimal hemorrhages at mid-periphery, narrowed arterioles, and minimal cotton wool spot. Macular OCT demonstrated discrete hyperreflectivity of inner retinal layers. From Macular Angiography OCT, ETDRS Central vessel density were 11.2% and 17.6% for the right eye and left eye, respectively. In both eyes, paracentesisof anterior chamber, intravitreal and intracameral injections of anti-VEGF were performed. Brain Magnetic Resonance Angiography Imaging revealed moderate stenosis of both distal carotid artery circulation. Percutaneous Coronary Angiography showed extensive stenosis in coronary artery, with low Ejection Fraction.&#x0D; Discussion : For the cardiovascular management, a pacemaker was implanted. One week after procedure, BCVA were 1/60 and 0.15, and IOPs of 17 and 18 mmHg, for the right and left eye, respectively. The patient was scheduled to have laser retinal photocoagulation.&#x0D; Conclusion : Quick clinical diagnosis, targeted workup for systemic associations, and prompt treatment might preserve life and sight in OIS.

Biometric Measurement of Iridocorneal Angle Parameters in a Sample of Healthy Saudi Eyes

Background: Iridocorneal angle (ICA) or anterior chamber angle is the anatomical structure responsible for aqueous humor outflow and regulating intraocular pressure inside the eye. Objective: The study aims to evaluate iridocorneal angle parameters in healthy Saudi eyes using the spectral domain located in the anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and to describe their correlation with other factors. Methods: For precise measurements of ICA, anterior segment imaging was executed with the aid of spectral-domain AS-OCT MS-39®. The measurements of the iridocorneal angle included angle opening distance (AOD) and trabecular-iris space area (TISA), located 500 and 750 μm away from the actual scleral spur from nasal and temporal angles. Results: The comparison of temporal and nasal angle parameters showed significantly higher AOD500 values in the temporal compared to the nasal angle (p=0.005). The study also evaluated correlations with a grade of the angle, and no correlations were found between gender, refractive error, iris thickness, and angle parameters. Multiple linear regression with backward elimination of non-significant factors found age (p=0.002), angle grade (p&lt;0.001), predicting factors for nasal AOD500 (Adjusted R2=0.772, p&lt;0.001), and angle grade (p&lt;0.001) and temporal iris thickness (p=0.004) predicting factors for temporal AOD500 (Adjusted R2=0.511, p&lt;0.001). IOP (p =0.026) and angle grade (p&lt;0.001) were found to predict factors for nasal TISA500 (Adjusted R2=0.639, p&lt;0.001), and angle grade (p&lt;0.001) and temporal iris thickness was found predicting factors for temporal TISA500 (Adjusted R2=0.314, p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: AS-OCT is a valuable, easy, non-aggressive method to evaluate the iridocorneal angle.

Angle, anterior chamber parameters, and intraocular pressure changes after early phacoemulsification in acute angle-closure glaucoma.

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of phacoemulsification as a first line treatment of acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG) and to evaluate the preoperative and postoperative anterior chamber angle width and anterior chamber parameters using anterior segment OCT(AS-OCT) and Pentacam. Sohag University Hospital, Sohag city, Egypt. Prospective comparative interventional case series study. Patients presented with AACG. After control of high intraocular pressure (IOP), all participants were scheduled for phacoemulsification within a week after the attack. Preoperative and postoperative angle width, anterior chamber volume and anterior chamber depth was measured by AS-OCT and Pentacam to evaluate angle changes. Fifty eyes with AACG were enrolled in the study. The mean IOP was lowered significantly from 40.23 ± 10.4 mmHg preoperatively to 11.4 ± 3.3 mmHg 3 months after surgery. The mean preoperative temporal angle widened from 18.13 ± 3.65 degree to 36.16 ± 4.46 3 months after phacoemulsification. Also, the mean preoperative nasal angle widened from 17.80 ± 3.45 preoperatively to 36.18 ± 4.47 3-month postoperative. The mean preoperative AC volume was 49.4 ± 5.73 μL. After surgery the AC volume increased significantly to 138.2 ± 29.78 μL. The mean preoperative ACD was 1.58 ± 0.12 mm that deepened significantly after surgery to 3.19 ± 0.43 mm. Early phacoemulsification is very effective in treatment of AACG cases immediately after medical control of high IOP and resolution of corneal oedema. This was proved by imaging and measuring the angle width, anterior chamber volume and anterior chamber depth using AS- OCT and Pentacam.

The Stress Phase Angle Measurement Using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography.

The stress phase angle (SPA), defined as the temporal phase angle between circumferential stress (CS) in the arterial wall and wall shear stress (WSS), is utilized to investigate the interactions between CS and WSS. SPA serves as an important parameter for the early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. In this study, we proposed a novel method for measuring SPA using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The multi-M-mode scan strategy is adopted for interference spectrum acquisition. The phases of CS and WSS are extracted from the corresponding structural and flow velocity images of SD-OCT. The method is validated by measuring SPA in the outflow tract (OFT) of chick embryonic hearts and the common carotid artery of mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that OCT has been used for SPA measurement.

A Depression Recognition Method Based on the Alteration of Video Temporal Angle Features

In recent years, significant progress has been made in the auxiliary diagnosis system for depression. However, most of the research has focused on combining features from multiple modes to enhance classification accuracy. This approach results in increased space-time overhead and feature synchronization problems. To address this issue, this paper presents a single-modal framework for detecting depression based on changes in facial expressions. Firstly, we propose a robust method for extracting angle features from facial landmarks. Theoretical evidence is provided to demonstrate the translation and rotation invariance of these features. Additionally, we introduce a flip correction method to mitigate angle deviations caused by head flips. The proposed method not only preserves the spatial topological relationship of facial landmarks, but also maintains the temporal correlation between frames preceding and following the facial landmarks. Finally, the GhostNet network is employed for depression detection, and the effectiveness of various modal data is compared. In the depression binary classification task using the DAIC-WOZ dataset, our proposed framework significantly improves the classification performance, achieving an F1 value of 0.80 for depression detection. Experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms other existing depression detection models based on a single modality.

Optical analogy for temporal diffraction in tight-binding lattice.

The wave propagating through the temporal boundary has attracted considerable attention in the past few years because of the potential applications of time-varying systems in the optics community. However, temporal diffraction of light remains to be investigated, because free space is non-dispersive. Here, we theoretically provide the analytical expressions for the temporal diffraction contributions of electron waves across the temporal boundary between the free space and a dispersive medium. With the help of coupled waveguide arrays, temporal diffraction is analogously observed by the optical platform. The optical analogy results confirm the theoretical predictions of the temporal diffraction wave at the temporal boundary. By changing the permittivity of the waveguides, implying the coupling coefficient is modified, the temporal diffraction angle is tuned. Our analysis and observations of temporal diffraction of dispersive media have great potential in time-varying physics, signal processing, and photonics communications.

Observational and non-interventional study to evaluate angle parameters of patients with or without the diagnosis of glaucoma

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the different parameters of anterior chamber angle (AA) with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with or without the diagnosis of glaucoma. Methods: A cross-sectional and observation study of angle parameters for clinically diagnosed, undiagnosed, and suspected patients of angle closure was done. Patients with glaucoma suspect not having angle closure were also included in the study. AAs (nasal and temporal), AC depth (ACD), AC area (ACA), and central corneal thickness (CCT) were assessed using Cirrus high-definition optical coherence tomography. Results: Total 349 eyes of 178 patients with mean age of 41.31 ± 13.61 years were analyzed. One hundred and six of them were female (59.55%) and 72 were male (40.45%). The mean values of CCT were 540.85 ± 39.99 µm, 536.44 ± 41.25 µm; ACD were 2.37 ± 0.5 mm, 2.45 ± 0.4 mm, ACA were 17.04 ± 5.20 mm2, 17.48 ± 4.47 mm2, and AC width were 11.10 ± 0.45 mm, 14.13 ± 0.39 mm for the right and left eyes, respectively. The mean AA for the right and left eyes were nasal 22.23° ± 14.57°, 24.14° ± 14.10°; temporal 25.18° ± 14.13°, 25.88° ± 13.55°, respectively. Conclusion: The nasal AA was found to be significantly narrower than the temporal angle in both right and left eyes; and the angle asymmetry increases with increasing age.

Changes in corneal high order aberrations and anterior chamber parameters following scleral fixated intraocular lens implantation

BackgroundTo evaluate the change in corneal high order aberrations (HOAs) and anterior chamber parameters following scleral fixation in aphakic patients using the Scheimpflug camera system. MethodsThis retrospective study included patients who were aphakic after phacoemulsification surgery and underwent scleral-fixed intraocular lens (SF-IOL) implantation with Z suture technique between 2010 and 2022. Preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anterior segment parameters and corneal aberrations were evaluated with a combined Scheimpflug-Placido disk corneal topography device (Sirius Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici, Florence, Italy). The following values were recorded: Simulated keratometry (SimK), flat meridian (K1), steep meridian (K2), iridocorneal angle (ICA), temporal anterior chamber angle (T-ACA), nasal anterior chamber angle (N-ACA), horizontal anterior chamber diameter (HACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), corneal volume (CV), total Root Mean Square (RMS), high order aberrations (HOAs), spherical aberration, coma, trefoil, quadrifoil, and secondary astigmatism. ResultsThe study included 31 eyes of 31 patients (mean age: 63.00 ± 19.41 years, 17 males/14 females). Postoperative BCVA was better than preoperative BCVA (p = 0.012). Postoperatively, there was a statistically significant increase in ACV and CV values and a statistically significant decrease in K2 (p = 0.009, p = 0.032, p = 0.015). Preoperative T-ACA and preoperative and postoperative ACV were negatively correlated with postoperative intraocular pressure (r=-0.427 p = 0.033, r=-0.406 p = 0.032 and r=-0.561 p = 0.001). There were statistically significant postoperative increases in corneal RMS, trefoil and HOAs for 3 mm pupil diameter (p = 0.0177, p = 0.001, p = 0.031) and in corneal RMS, trefoil and quadrifoil aberrations for 6 mm pupil diameter (p = 0.033, p = 0.001, p = 0.001). ConclusionsIn conclusion, SF-IOL implantation with Z-suture technique used for visual rehabilitation of aphakic patients may affect visual quality by increasing corneal HOAs while improving visual acuity.

A Function Approximator Model for Robust Online Foot Angle Trajectory Prediction Using a Single IMU Sensor: Implication for Controlling Active Prosthetic Feet

Lower limb dysfunction hinders the locomotive activity in individuals and compels them to use assistive devices such as prostheses or orthoses to restore the missing locomotive functions. Passive assistive devices have limitations in replacing the lost functionality. On the other hand, active devices could restore more natural locomotion using motorized joints. To make proper use of these embedded motors, a control architecture is required to translate the motion intent of the user into the intended prosthesis joint trajectories. In this article, we propose a temporal convolution-based online foot angle trajectory prediction network (FATP-N) that predicts the foot angular positions during unconstrained walking from the shank angular position measured using a single wearable motion tracker sensor. The data acquisition experiments were designed to reflect natural gait with turns, varying inclines, speeds, and mixed cadences. The trained models were prepared for real-time prediction by compressing them to reduce the storage and time complexity. The validations were performed on different motion conditions, including those that have not been used for model training, to verify the robustness of the model. The proposed FATP-N achieved high accuracy and could generate predictions in real time. The results indicate that the proposed approach offers a possible architecture for real-time control of powered intelligent prostheses.

Swept-source optical coherence tomography and ultrasound biomicroscopy study of anterior segment parameters in primary angle-closure glaucoma.

To evaluate the agreement between swept-source OCT (CASIA2) and UBM in primary angle-closure glaucoma. Eighty eyes of 40 participants diagnosed with primary angle-closure glaucoma were examined. Parameters measured included angle opening distance (AOD), angle recess area (ARA), trabecular iris space area (TISA), trabecular iris angle (TIA), lens vault (LV), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and anterior chamber width (ACW). Angle images of nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior were acquired by the anterior segment mode of CASIA2 and UBM. One-way analysis of variance and paired t-test were used for statistical analysis, and the agreement was analyzed by internal correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman method. One-way ANOVA pairwise comparison showed that CASIA2 or UBM had the narrowest superior chamber angle and the widest temporal chamber angle in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma. The paired t-test showed that inter-device AOD, TIA, ARA, and TISA of superior chamber angle had significant differences (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the measured values of LV, ACD, and ACW (p > 0.05). The agreement of all parameters is good through the Bland-Altman method comparison. ICC result showed moderate agreement in other angle parameters except for superior ARA500 (0.739). In the anterior chamber angle measurement process, we should pay more attention to the superior chamber angle covered by eyelids. Although the agreement is acceptable between CASIA2 and UBM, the measurements could not be considered interchangeable due to the tremendous statistical difference between the two devices.

Normaldruckglaukom – Ein Fallbericht

Purpose. This case report describes a standardized optome- tric examination in a 78-year-old female patient. Material and Methods. Visual acuity testing, intraocular pres- sure measurement by non-contact tonometry, pachymetry, chamber angle measurement, optic disc tomography by optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurement, slit lamp examination with 90 dioptry (90D) lens, and visual field measurement by automated standardized perimetry were performed. Results. Best corrected visual acuity was 0.8 (logMar 0.1) in the right eye (OD) and 1.0 (logMar 0.0) in the left eye (OS). In- traocular pressure (IOP) measurement showed a mean value from three measurements per eye of OD 18.6 / OS 18.3 mmHg. The vertical cup/disc ratio (CD ratio) was 0.9 in the right eye and 0.8 in the left eye. The nasal and temporal chamber angle was 41° in the right eye and 41° in the left eye. The visual field measurement showed superior defects on both sides as well as an inferior beginning reduction of sensitivity. The patient was referred to an ophthalmologist with the suspected diag- nosis of “normal tension glaucoma”, which was confirmed by the ophthalmologist and treatment was initiated. Conclusion. This case report describes the importance of using a variety of screening devices/methods in glaucoma screening for early detection. Keywords glaucoma, normal tension glaucoma, perimetry, optical coherence tomography, tonometry, visual acuity

Early outcomes of anterior segment parameters after implantable collamer lens V4c implantation

BackgroundThis study investigated the early outcomes of anterior segment parameters after implanting an implantable collamer lens with a central hole (ICL V4c) in patients with myopia and determined the earliest follow-up time for detecting potential complications.MethodsSixty-two patients were included, and the following parameters were measured at baseline (preoperative), 1 day, 1 week, and 1, 3, and 6 months after the operation: intraocular pressure (IOP), endothelial cell density (ECD), central anterior chamber depth (CACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), nasal and temporal anterior chamber angle (n-ACA and t-ACA), horizontal corneal diameter (white-to-white, WTW), and axial length (AL). The vault was measured at each post-operative timepoint.ResultsThe postoperative IOP and ECD at the 6 months were both statistically similar to the baseline. The post-operative CACD and ACV were significantly less at all timepoints compared with the baseline (P < 0.001) and stayed stable from 1 day and 1 month after the operation, respectively. Postoperative n-ACA and t-ACA decreased significantly at 1 day and 1 week compared with the baseline (P < 0.001), while tended to stabilization at 1, 3, and 6 months. The vault kept decreasing significantly at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month, but stayed stable at 3 and 6 months. The postoperative n-ACA and t-ACA positively correlated with the baseline ACA, CACD, and ACV.ConclusionsThe anterior chamber parameters tended to stabilization early after the operation. Thus, it is essential to evaluate patients’ anterior segment status at earlier timepoints and prevent complications with prompt and non-invasive intervention.

Temporality: A fruitful concept for understanding, studying, and supporting people in transition

AbstractThe specific processes of transitions or turning points have been studied in different fields, notably vocational psychology, career development, sociology, and the life‐course approach. However, little work has brought together these different strands of research. To fill this gap, we explore the issue of temporality, raised to varying degrees by each approach, with the aim of showing its heuristic value in the study of career transitions. After clarifying a number of concepts, we describe research methodologies that can be used to identify temporality and suggest keys of comprehension to understand transitions from a temporal angle. Finally, we describe intervention avenues that take temporality into account to support people in career transition. Covering the past, the present, and the future, they aim to stimulate self‐reflection in order to give meaning to the most significant biographical experiences and, hence, make the present clearer and anticipation of the future easier.