Temple Reconstruction Research Articles

조선 세조 7년(1461) 사리분신(舍利分身) 상서의 출현과 역사적 의미

This thesis examines the Buddhist miracles associated with the sarira incarnation in the 7th year of the Joseon King Sejo's reign(1461), aiming to reassess their background and the historical significance. Despite the absence of mention in The Annals, the unfolding events and commemorative processes were uncovered through the analysis of materials such as NeungeomgyeongEonhae楞嚴經諺解 epilogues, the Heungcheonsa temple bell inscription, and Yeoraehyeonsang-gi如來現相記 produced in King Sejo's era. The 1461 sarira incarnation, linked to the Gyeongchanbeophoi led by Grand Prince Hyoryeong on May 13th for Hoeamsa temple's reconstruction, extended royal Buddhism's influence, enhancing the royal family's authority. After receiving the incarnated sarira within Gyeongbokgung Inner Palace (Hamwonjeon), King Sejo expanded the significance of the sarira incarnation through official worship until May 18th. Recognizing its political utility, he strategically used Buddhist miracles to elevate his rule, implementing measures like amnesty, NeungeomgyeongEonhae publication, and Heungcheonsa temple's Stupa and bell reconstruction. These commemorations aimed to make royal authority transcendent, rooted in familiar Buddhist faith to the people, portraying King Sejo as a benevolent ruler and “Dharma-King.” Despite Confucian politics, King Sejo bolstered Buddhism's role in state governance. The Buddhist miracle was crucial in his policy to transcendentalize royal authority. The emergence of the sarira incarnation in 1461 signaled the realization of the ideal of a transcendent absolute monarch.

Temple Reconstruction with the Bilobed Flap

Temple Reconstruction with the Bilobed Flap

Somnath Mandir in a play of mirrors: heritage, history, and the search for identity of the new nation (1842–1951)

AbstractThe story of the Somnath temple, in the northwestern Saurashtra peninsula, has often been taken as an example of the contentious legacies of the penetration, settlement, and political establishment of Muslims in India. Its history testifies to the complex relationship between history, heritage, and the consolidation of collective memories of past events and processes.This article focuses on two key moments in the temple's recent history: the retrieval of the Somnath gates by Lord Ellenborough in 1842 and the reconstruction of the temple between 1947 and 1951. At these two moments—one during colonial times and the other at the creation of the independent state—Somnath became the battlefield for questioning how the state should be positioned with regard to religious places, histories, symbols, and practices.While the temple was apparently dealt with as a tangible place of heritage, both episodes show how the value endowed upon the temple had far more complex meanings. The analysis proposed in this article ends with the reconstruction of the temple. This shows the way in which architects of independent India addressed the country's history, directly or indirectly engaging with the construction of a heritage for the new state. Their efforts aimed to strengthen a shared memory of the past, which could in turn consolidate membership and a sense of belonging to the new nation. Advocates and promoters of the temple's reconstruction, among whom were Vallabhbhai Patel and K. M. Munshi, envisioned that the reconstruction would embody the long-awaited liberation of India from centuries of continuous domination by ‘foreign’ powers. In contrast, secular politicians, with Nehru at the helm, opposed the reconstruction, fearing that Somnath might become the symbol of a sectarian vision of the nation and, in the wake of partition, derail efforts to characterise independent India as an inclusive country. While the reconstruction did eventually take place, the entire episode invites us to question the relationship between the framing of Indian nationalism and the heritagisation of Indian history. Following a critical theoretical approach to Heritage studies, where heritage has less to do with the item that is preserved than with the value with which it is endowed, this article proposes to investigate the meanings that heritage preservation, conservation, and reconstruction acquired as part of the project of nation- and state-building.

Merekonstruksi Candi Terkubur

Title: Reconstructing the Buried Temple Case Study: Candi Kimpulan Excavation and Restoration at Universitas Islam Indonesia (UII) The discovery of the archaeological site, Candi Kimpulan, during the foundation excavation of the Central Library Building at Universitas Islam Indonesia (UII) in December 2009 halted the ongoing construction. The agreement to conduct the restoration of this ancient site raised concerns about the duration and required space for the restoration process. Moreover, complications arose due to the location of the artifact discovery directly beneath the construction site. This article presents a literature review of various scholarly journals directly related to the reconstruction of buried temple structures. It aims to provide insights into the temple reconstruction process amid a comprehensive redesign of the university's library building. The study reveals crucial factors that significantly influenced the successful and relatively swift completion of the Candi Kimpulan restoration project. This endeavor serves as a positive benchmark for similar cases of buried temple discoveries, offering valuable lessons in planning and executing restoration projects.

Simplifying Forehead and Temple Reconstruction: A Narrative Review.

The forehead and temporal region are frequent areas of skin cancer development. After tumor removal, reconstruction must be performed, maintaining the frontal-temporal line of the scalp and symmetry of the eyebrows in an attempt to hide the scars within these marks or natural folds and wrinkles. Second wound healing and skin grafts generally do not produce an acceptable cosmetic result. When direct closure is not possible, the technique of choice is skin flaps. In the midfrontal line continuation of the glabella, there is a remnant of skin to be used as a donor area for local flaps; similarly, it occurs in the preauricular cheek, which can move toward the temple. In addition to the classic advancement and rotation flaps, the frontalis myocutaneous transposition flap is an excellent technique for closing defects which are wider than higher on the forehead. Its design is very versatile and can be performed between the two pupil lines at different heights depending on the location of the defect. On the other hand, the preauricular skin advancement flap with an infralobular Burow's triangle is also an excellent option for reconstructing tumors in the temporal area.

CFD Modelling and Analysis for Green Environment of Traditional Buildings

With the enhancement of people’s awareness of heritage protection, research communities focusing on the natural ventilation of the layouts of ancient buildings have paid more attention to the planning and protection of these buildings. Based on the relationship between the natural ventilation environment and the layout of the building, we can reduce the adverse effects of energy consumption and outdoor wind, improve the environment and quality around the building, and achieve harmony between humans and nature. In this study, Fluent software was used to simulate the wind environment of Xingguo Temple. The advantages of combining computer simulation software with ancient building protection planning are illustrated by comparing the wind environment before and after the temple reconstruction with Fluent software. Through the simulation of the building’s wind environment, some suggestions are put forward for the early layout of the outdoor environment in the ancient building reconstruction planning area.

Reconstruction of Xi Qingling Temple in Guilin: Cultural, Moral, Ethical, Economic and Tourist Prospects

Today, the state reconstruction policies for historical sites in China represent strategic long-term plans that meet the heritage conservation demands of the public. Once Buddhism consolidated in China, the extant architectural designs of Buddhist temples, statues and wall paintings became an important source of historical data in the Chinese Buddhism research. This study focuses on one of these extant architectural pieces—the Xi Qingling Temple in the city of Guilin. Given the spiritual and historical value of the Xi Qingling Temple, restoring it will go deep with not only the Chinese society but also the large Buddhist community. In the plan for temple reconstruction, the priority is laid on blending in the rebuilt construction seamlessly with its unique surroundings. In this regard, the study aims to reveal the social and cultural aspects that influenced how the Xi Qingling Temple was designed, which were then incorporated into a macro-plan of the symbolic and cultural reconstruction of an historical object. The economic impacts of this reconstruction project were examined.

Algorithm for Temple Reconstruction With Consideration of Anatomic and Defect Characteristics.

The temple is an intriguing region of the face with unique anatomic features, such as the temporal hairline, concave contour, and close proximity to vital structures like the frontal branch of the facial nerve. However, cancerous skin lesions can plague this sun-exposed region and, when excised, it can result in large and significant defects. Reconstruction in this area is a formidable challenge for surgeons, as it requires comprehensive knowledge of temple morphology and the use of creative techniques in order to minimize disruption of surrounding functional and aesthetic structures. In this study, we describe our experience with temple reconstruction in patients of varying defect size and depth. Based on these defect characteristics, anatomic and aesthetic principles of the temple, we propose a surgical algorithm for temple reconstruction to aid surgeons in achieving optimal results.

Wat Poramaiyigawas: The Reflection of Mon Identity during the Transition from Old to New Siam

Abstract This research has studied Wat Poramaiyigawas with the objective to study Mon identity in Siam context through Buddhist architecture during the transition from Old to New Siam. The essence of this research is set upon the concept of Stuart Hall's Representation Theory which indicates that architecture is constructed with the purpose to express the creator's concept, with the method of studying related historical information and physical field study. Wat Poramaiyigawas had been abandoned before it was restored by the Mon immigrants in Thonburi Kingdom until it was later sponsored by Siamese aristocrats for major reconstruction. During the social transition from a conservative society to a modern one which had the Western world as the prototype, temple reconstruction or building of the Mon the subordinates of Siam where changes were taking place, the Mon had to follow Siamese aristocrats' view showing not only for the purpose of ideological significance of their belief or Buddhist function, but also was the venue for creating the ideological and conceptual meaning which were created symbolically through art and architecture according to views reflecting identity of the creator in that period than Mon people who were the real users.

3D Reconstruction and Uncertainty Modelling Using Fuzzy Logic of Archaeological Structures: Applied to the Temple of Diana in Nemi, Italy

In the recent years, virtual 3D reconstructions of archaeological sites have gained large attention from various fields of science. Procedural modelling approaches have emerged as appropriate to model and visualize reconstructed ancient structures. The process of reconstructing historical building structures involves ambiguities and uncertainties. On an archaeological site, excavated and surveyed findings such as ruins, located in their original positions, provide reliable foundations for a 3D reconstruction. On the contrary, findings, such as debris of walls, roofs, columns, etc. are not less important, but implicate different levels of certainties for a 3D model, depending on the archaeological knowledge and interpretation. On one hand, this work provides a virtual 3D reconstructing of an ancient Roman temple named “Sanctuary of Diana” located in Nemi, Italy, in different levels of detail using a procedural modelling approach. On the other hand, we present a fuzzy logic approach to quantify and visualize the uncertainty of the temple reconstruction.

Ta Keo Temple Reconstruction Based on Terrestrial Laser Scanning Technology

Abstract. Ta Keo temple is one of the very famous temple complex of Angkor Wat in northwestern Cambodia. It has been suffering massive collapse and other serious damages in recent years. Nowadays, Terrestrial Laser Scanning(TLS) technology is considered as a wellestablished resource for heritage documentation and protection (Lerma et al, 2008; Reshetyuk, 2009). This paper used TLS to reconstruct Ta Keo Temple. Firstly, we acquired 71 scanning stations of points cloud data with high density and high accuracy, and over one thousand images with high spatial resolution about the temple. Secondly, the raw points cloud data were denoised, reduced and managed efficiently, and registrated using an adjusted ICP algorithm. Thirdly, a triangulation method was used to model most objects. At last, we mapped the texture data into the digital model and a 3-D model of Ta Keo with high accuracy was achieved. The authors focus on large object reconstruction by TLS technology, and pay much attention to the scanning design, multi-station data and the whole project’s data registration, and texture mapping and so on. The research result will be useful for Ta Keo restoration, reconstruction and protection. Also, it is a good reference source for large complex buildings reconstruction when using terrestrial laser scanning technology.

Taishan shigandang 泰山石敢当 by Ye Tao 叶涛 (review)

Book Notes 157 Maoshan Daojiao zhi 茅山道教志 Edited by YANG SHIHUA 杨世华 and PAN YIDE 潘一德. Wuhan: Huazhong shifan daxue chubanshe, 2007. ISBN 978-7-5622-3518-7. RMB 28.00 hardcover. This is a much-needed gazetteer about one of the more famous mountains in Daoist history, Maoshan in Jiangsu province. It builds on a 1998 gazetteer, Jurong Maoshan zhi 句容茅山志 , which gave initial accounts of the mountain’s fate in the 20th century. Whereas the earlier gazetteer focused mostly on the destruction caused by Japanese troops in World War II, Yang and Pan’s new version gives invaluable information on the mountain’s arguably more severe destruction in the Cultural Revolution. It reveals for the first time that Maoshan’s signature five guan 观 and three gong 宫 were all functioning after the war, but that all five guan and one of the three gong were obliterated by the Cultural Revolution. Also unlike its predecessor, the new gazetteer includes temples outside the jurisdiction of Jurong County, thus giving a much more complete picture of the mountain’s Daoist life. The gazetteer also gives for the first time biographies of key actors in recent history and describes reconstruction efforts, which have restored the temple complex to one of the largest and most vibrant in China. Alas, temple reconstruction on Maoshan has proceeded so quickly that even this book is in some ways dated, missing completely three new temples that have opened. IAN JOHNSON, Beijing Taishan shigandang 泰山石敢当 Ye Tao 叶涛. Hangzhou: Zhejiang renmin chubanshe 浙江人民出版社, 2007. 180 pages. ISBN 978-7-213-03475-6. RMB 42.00 paper. This richly illustrated coffee-table book by folklorist Ye Tao presents many photographs of and much information on the apotropaic stone stelae known as shigandang, with a focus on Taishan and the surrounding areas. While the work is directed at a general rather than an academic audience, the material presented is based on many years of diligent fieldwork by the author, a researcher at the Institute of World Religions of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. It therefore provides a reliable and well-presented introduction to this subject matter. PHILIP CLART, Universität Leipzig ...

Sideburn Flap for Temple Reconstruction

Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy Correspondence to Dr. Gargano, Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Viale del Policlinico 155, Rome 00161, Italy, [email protected][email protected]

Forehead and temple reconstruction

Reconstruction of the forehead and temple region poses special aesthetic challenges for maintaining eyebrow symmetry and hairline. The preservation of motor and sensory function is also important. There are a wide variety of techniques available to the reconstructive surgeon, and these methods are compared and discussed with specific reference to the forehead and temple region.

Pedicled temporalis muscle with split-thickness skin in temple reconstruction

Reconstruction of temple defects in situations where the availability of local tissue is limited can pose a challenging problem to the head and neck surgeon. We present a technique where pedicled temporalis muscle with split-thickness skin is successfully used as an alternative to local skin flaps in reconstruction of temple defects.