Fire Temperature Distribution Research Articles

Numerical Simulation of the Ventilation and Fire Conditions in an Underground Garage with an Induced Ventilation System

The increasing quantity of air pollutants generated by automobiles can cause significant harm in relatively enclosed indoor environments. Studying the distribution of pollutants under different conditions in underground parking garages is of great significance for improving indoor air quality and reducing casualties in the event of a fire. This article presents a geometric model of an underground parking garage based on PHOENICS modeling. The related results of CO concentration distribution and fire temperature distribution under ventilation and fire conditions are obtained. Based on the CO concentration and velocity distribution as well as the temperature distribution during a fire, reasonable suggestions are proposed to improve indoor air quality and reduce casualty rates in fire incidents. The results show that under ventilation conditions, adjusting the position of the induced ventilation fan can maintain CO concentrations below 30 ppm in partitions one to three and below 37 ppm in partitions four to six. The temperature of smoke gases remained below 50 °C during the evacuation time, and only a small area exhibited CO levels exceeding 2000 ppm. The existing ventilation exhaust system provides effective fire protection, as it minimally affects personnel evacuation due to the relatively lower smoke temperature.

Study on Temperature Field of Fire Smoke in Utility Tunnel with Different Cross Sections

Abstract In order to study the influence of different section shapes on the temperature distribution of fire in utility tunnel systems, circular and rectangular cross-sectional shapes of tunnels are established. In this paper, combustion behaviors are represented by setting volumetric heat source, and the temperature data of the measuring points is analyzed. The results showed that the smoke temperature of the circular tunnel was higher than that of the rectangular section at the same location in the longitudinal direction, and the temperature reduced faster in the range of 30 m away from the fire source. On the cross section of the fire, the smoke temperature in the middle of the circular tunnel increased continuously with the vertical height, while the smoke temperature of the rectangular section increased at first and then tends to be stable. Nevertheless, the maximum temperature of smoke in circular and rectangular tunnels appeared at the top of the tunnel. Therefore, it is desirable to place the heat and smoke detectors at the top of the tunnel.