Temperature Distribution In Conductors Research Articles

Simulation and Analysis of Radial Temperature for Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced with 1250mm2 Large Cross-Section

In order to meet the growing demand for electricity, the construction of UHVDC project has vigorously carried out. With the improvement of voltage level, the cross-section of conductor also increases. For large cross-section conductor, the number of steel and aluminum single wires and layers of the conductor are large, and the internal structure is very complex. It has been proved that there is a temperature difference in the radial direction of the conductor due to the contact heat transfer between steel and aluminum based on previous studies. However, most studies are focused on normal conductors, not large cross-section conductors. Therefore, in this paper, the geometric model and temperature calculation model for 1250mm2 large cross-section ACSR conductor, which is widely used in UHVDC, were established. Simulation of conductor temperature distribution was carried out, and the influence of wind velocity, environment temperature and current on radial temperature difference was analyzed. The results show that, with the increase of wind velocity and the decrease of current, the radial temperature difference of conductor decreases gradually, while the environment temperature has little influence on the radial temperature difference.

A Novel Sensor Placement Strategy for an IoT-Based Power Grid Monitoring System

Dynamic thermal rating (DTR) is a technique that can effectively reduce the complexity of the decision-making processes for a smart grid. Internet-of-Things-based DTR monitoring systems can be used to achieve reliable and low-cost remote monitoring of power grids, but this method is heavily reliant on collecting accurate real-time meteorological data by sensors deployed on the power lines. However, deploying sensors on each span of the line may not be feasible due to the high cost of such sensors. Thus, this article proposes a modified binary particle swarm optimization (MBPSO) strategy to solve multiobjective combinational decision problems. The proposed method is able to determine the minimum number of sensors required to achieve nearly ideal performance. A 161-kV line located between Xizhi and Minquan, part of the Taiwan Power Company transmission system, was selected as the experimental target. The MBPSO algorithm was solved based upon hourly meteorological data provided by Taiwan’s Central Weather Bureau. The results obtained with the proposed method show that only one sensor needs to be deployed on the third span of the line to effectively monitor more than 89.6% of high conductor temperature events, and the root mean square error on the reconstructed conductor temperature distribution is less than 0.8 °C.

The Method for On-Line Monitoring of tanδ of Transformer Bushing Based on Conductor Temperature Distribution

The Method for On-Line Monitoring of tan<i>δ</i> of Transformer Bushing Based on Conductor Temperature Distribution

A thermal model for calculating axial temperature distribution of overhead conductor under laboratory conditions

Most traditional thermal models of overhead conductor neglect the axial temperature distribution along the length of conductor. In order to provide a necessary foundation for calculating axial conductor temperature distribution in real weather conditions, a thermal model is proposed for the axial conductor temperature calculation under laboratory environment. This proposed model is established with the equivalent thermal network, and expressed as a nonlinear state-space equation. An identification method is presented to determine the conductor thermal parameters, which are non-weather related and hardly to be calculated theoretically. The interior-point algorithm is employed to optimize the objective function of parameter identification. The effectiveness of identification method and proposed thermal model are validated by experiment results. This study will provide the basic modelling principle, parameter identification method and conductor thermal parameters to develop the conductor thermal model under the real weather conditions in the future.

Finite element analysis to predict temperature rise tests in high‐capacity substation connectors

In the last years there has been a considerable increase in electricity consumption and generation from renewable sources, especially wind and solar photovoltaic. This phenomenon has increased the risk of line saturation with the consequent need of increasing the capacity of some power lines. Considering the high cost and the time involved in installing new power lines, the difficulty in acquiring tower sites and the related environmental impacts, some countries are considering to replace conventional conductors with high-temperature low-sag (HTLS) conductors. This is a feasible and economical solution. In this study a numerical-finite element method (FEM) approach to simulate the temperature rise test in both conventional and high-capacity substation connectors compatible with HTLS technology is presented. The proposed coupled electric-thermal 3D-FEM transient analysis allows calculating the temperature distribution in both the connector and the conductors for a given current profile. The temperature distribution in conductors and connectors for both transient and steady state conditions provided by the proposed simulation method shows good agreement with experimental data.

Investigation of high-temperature regimes and heat and mass transfer of electric-current-heated tungsten conductors

We have solved the stationary heat conduction problem for a metallic conductor heated by electric current with account for the various mechanisms of heat exchange with the environment. The expressions for the conductor temperature distribution along its length with account for the heat exchange with the gas and for the temperature dependence of resistance have been found in analytical form. By means of physicomathematical modeling the temperature profiles along the length of tungsten conductors with account for the chemical reaction on their surface have been obtained. They are in good agreement with experimental results.

Computerized Thermal Analysis of High Voltage Bushings

Having a reliably operating electric power system requires the detailed knowledge of the electrical, mechanical, and thermal performances of the system components. The thermal performance of high voltage bushings should be devoid of hot spots during the full load and overload conditions. An analytical method is developed to predict the conductor temperature distribution inside a high voltage bushing. The measurements of temperataure is not required. The conductor losses and the dielectric losses have been included in the model. Self contained evaporative cooling method is suggested for increasing the loading of the bushing. The model is capable of predicting the conductor temrperature profile with and without cooling. The imodel is applied to an experinental bushing with and without cooling and good agreement is obtained with the measured temperatures.

Computerized Thermal Anaiysis of High Voltage Bushings

Having a reliably operating electric power system requires the detailed knowledge of the electrical, mechanical, and thermal performances of the system components. The thermal performance of high voltage bushings should be devoid of hot spots during the full load and overload conditions. An analytical method is developed to predict the conductor temperature distribution inside a high voltage bushing. The measurements of temperataure is not required. The conductor losses and the dielectric losses have been included in the model. Self contained evaporative cooling method is suggested for increasing the loading of the bushing. The model is capable of predicting the conductor temrperature profile with and without cooling. The imodel is applied to an experinental bushing with and without cooling and good agreement is obtained with the measured temperatures.