The São Martinho and Mosteiros orogenic gold deposits are located in east-central Portugal within the WNW-ESE-trending Tomar Cordoba Shear Zone (TCSZ). This important structure separates two major tectonostratigraphic zones within the Iberian massif, the Central Iberian Zone to the north and the Ossa Morena Zone to the south. The TCSZ comprises a geologically complex and diverse zone of intense Variscan deformation and metamorphism contemporaneous with sinistral displacements of up to 300 km. Within the shear zone, rocks are arranged in a flower structure with the oldest rocks, the Blastomylonitic Belt (BB), at its core. The TCSZ is intruded by both syntectonic (syn-Variscan) and late- to post-tectonic granitoids, and its NE sector is marked by Westphalian-age wrench faults. Gold deposits are hosted in the Neoproterozoic Série Negra rocks, which is metamorphosed to greenschist facies north of the Blastomylonitic Belt at Mosteiros, and to amphibolite facies to the south at São Martinho. São Martinho is characterized by two distinct episodes, RS I and RS II, of gold mineralization. The first, RS I, comprises both disseminated and veinlet styles of mineralization and is closely associated with foliation-parallel quartz I veinlets. The ore minerals in RS I are: deformed arsenopyrite I + pyrite I + pyrite II + chalcopyrite I + gold I. The second episode of mineralization (RS II), of probable magmatic origin, is associated with quartz II veins that cross-cut the foliation. The paragenesis is characterized by arsenopyrite II + pyrrhotite II + pyrite III + chalcopyrite II + loellingite + gold II. At São Martinho alteration is difficult to recognize but silicification, chloritization, muscovitization/sericitization ± tourmalinization, albitization, and carbonatization are recognized. Mineralization occurred after peak metamorphism in the Early Carboniferous, contemporaneous with the Variscan orogeny. An early contribution from metamorphic devolatilization to the ore-forming fluids initiated metal precipitation and alteration within the Série Negra metasediments, followed by a later episode of fluid circulation and mineralization linked to the emplacement of syntectonic granitoids. At São Martinho, the formation of Late Carboniferous wrench faults provided conduits for hypersaline magmatic fluids derived from large, late- to post-tectonic granitic magmas. These fluids remobilized early-formed orogenic lode gold forming a second generation of mineralization associated with high-temperature minerals such as loellingite. Paragenetic studies suggest that both the Mosteiros and the São Martinho deposits share the characteristics of the early RS I mineralizing event, but only the latter has been subjected to the later remobilization event associated with granitoid magmatism. The recognition of the different styles of alteration and mineralization provide valuable tools for precious mineral exploration within the TCSZ.