Blockchain Research Articles

Blockchain-based food traceability system and pro-environmental consumption: A moderated mediation model of technology anxiety and trust in organic food product

Blockchain technology is increasingly recognized as a transformative tool for enhancing clarity and responsibility in the organic food supply chain, where concerns about product authenticity and safety are paramount. By offering provable and translucent information about the origination, production processes, and administration of organic items, blockchain helps to reduce information asymmetry and builds consumer trust, which is critical for purchase decisions in the organic food market. Drawing on insights from the trust theory and the stimulus-organism-response framework, this study uses a moderated mediation model to explore how technology anxiety negatively moderates the direct and indirect influences of blockchain-based food traceability systems on trust in organic food products and organic food purchase intention. Using a targeted sample of 5326 consumers in Vietnam, the PROCESS macro approach (models 8 and 4) is utilized to examine the formulated hypotheses. The results demonstrate that blockchain-based food traceability systems notably enhance consumer trust in organic food products and their intention to buy these products. Trust in organic food products serves as a mediator in the connection between blockchain-based traceability and purchase intention, while technology anxiety weakens the positive impacts of blockchain technology on trust and purchase intention when anxiety levels are high. This research makes crucial contributions to the literature by offering a mechanism-based explanation of how blockchain technology enhances consumer trust in organic food products and integrates technological anxiety as a moderator, providing a deeper understanding of how technological innovations shape consumer behavior. In light of the findings, several critical recommendations have been proposed for practitioners and policymakers.

Decentralized peer-to-peer energy trading in microgrids: Leveraging blockchain technology and smart contracts

Microgrids are regarded as vital components in contemporary realm of energy system improvement, resilience, and sustainability. In this paper a novel decentralized peer-to-peer energy trading system leveraging blockchain technology is proposed. The proposed model not only demonstrates the implementation of blockchain technology in microgrids but also transforms the energy sector by emphasizing decentralization, security and efficiency. This research aims to enhance the energy trading system by including smart contracts written on the Ethereum network. Energy Token and Demand Response contracts are integrated to enable dynamic interactions inside microgrids, which leads to a transparent, secure, and efficient energy trading system. Moreover, automation of energy transactions and elimination of intermediaries ensure cost effectiveness and utilization of excess energy potentially reduce dependency on the main grid. A microgrid system is designed in Simulink for distributed energy trading. Energy credits are represented by standard ERC-20 digital token and then demand response contract dynamically adjusts rewards and energy prices based on energy production and consumption. the ERC-20 contract manages the token transaction and then demand response contract enforces governance rules. The purpose of a demand response contract is to enable the automatic and efficient control of energy usage in response to changing demand and supply conditions. The use of the Web3 library further facilitates a direct and smooth connection between the blockchain network and microgrids. The results demonstrate the successful implementation of both smart contracts, making trading possible at noon when the combined generation from solar array and energy management system exceed the energy demand.

A bibliometric survey on impact of Blockchain in Robotics: Trends and Applications

Integrating blockchain technology within robotic systems holds great potential for substantial breakthroughs, not only in industrial environments but in several avenues such as agriculture, healthcare, supply chain, and so on, which require increased levels of autonomy and security. This bibliometric survey comprehensively examines the evolution and interplay between blockchain technology and robotics. Addressing the inception of this domain, the study analyses research trends, publication shifts, influential academic articles, authors, countries, and so on. The influence of emerging themes, such as Industry 4.0, Artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things, are also explored, elucidating their impact on the research trajectory. Utilizing bibliometric techniques, the review offers insights into the current state of blockchain applications in robotic systems and suggests potential future directions warranting in-depth exploration. For a holistic overview covering both literature and technological advancements, we also present patent landscaping on blockchain in robotics, bridging the gap between theoretical results and real-world applications. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to present the bibliometric approach of reviewing the literature and patents for blockchain in robotics, precisely via bibliometric techniques such as keyword co-occurrence network, co-citation network, thematic evolution, and Sankey graph.

Optimizing warehouse management system with blockchain and machine learning predictive data analytics

Blockchain technology is proving to be a disruptive technology in many areas of supply chain, manufacturing, medical, agriculture, and so on. Warehouses are an inevitable part of the supply chain. Issues like space optimization, route optimization, quick item pick-up, demand forecasting, and transaction management are of importance to address in warehouse management systems (WMS). Traditional database systems have limitations of interoperability among different entities involved in warehouses. This paper presents an innovative application of blockchain technology and machine learning (ML) to build a smart warehouse management system in Web3 (SWMW3). We developed a decentralized application (DApp) using Web3.0 principles, integrating ReactJS for the frontend, express for the backend, and blockchain through smart contracts. This integration enhances security and transparency by storing WMS operational data in the blockchain and automating payments and verifications through smart contracts. Additionally, we implemented a ML model for predicting the total time from order receipt to delivery, leveraging historical data to optimize workflow, reduce delays, and improve overall efficiency. This combination of blockchain for secure transactions and ML for predictive analytics generates a robust, efficient, and optimized management system for the warehouse.

Smart Blockchain Networks: Revolutionizing Donation Tracking in the Web 3.0

A donation-tracking system leveraging smart contracts and blockchain technology holds transformative potential for reshaping the landscape of charitable giving, especially within the context of Web 3.0. This paper explores how smart contracts and blockchain can be used to create a transparent and secure ledger for tracking charitable donations. We highlight the limitations of traditional donation systems and how a blockchain-based system can help overcome these challenges. The functionality of smart contracts in donation tracking, offering advantages such as automation, reduced transaction fees, and enhanced accountability, is elucidated. The decentralized and tamper-proof nature of blockchain technology is emphasized for increased transparency and fraud prevention. While elucidating the benefits, we also address challenges in implementing such a system, including the need for technical expertise and security considerations. By fostering trust and accountability, a donation-tracking system in Web 3.0, empowered by smart blockchain networks, aims to catalyze a profound positive impact in the realm of philanthropy.

Secure data transmission in power systems using blockchain technology

Secure data transmission in power systems using blockchain technology

The impact of blockchain and artificial intelligence technologies in network security for e-voting

The impact of blockchain and artificial intelligence technologies in network security for e-voting

Article: Income Tax Considerations Pertaining to Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs)

Over the last couple of years, an increasing number of organizations have arisen that are native to blockchain technology. Recent data shows that these decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) that are essentially ‘living on the blockchain’ are becoming increasingly popular. They are attracting substantial amounts of funds, operating both in the Web3 space and off-chain, and creating a significant source of novel tax issues. The existing tax academic research on DAOs is often limited to US domestic tax issues following from the DAO’s legal treatment. This article outlines (part of) the existing income tax landscape for the DAOs and some of the arising income tax challenges. The focus is on the general principles of domestic and international income tax systems. The authors argue that the DAOs create fundamental and practical tax issues potentially leading to income taxed ‘nowhere’. Existing tax frameworks cannot fully embed the DAOs and allow them to maintain their distinguishing features. The incorporation of DAOs does not necessarily solve the tax issues and even exacerbates them in certain cases. The authors call upon domestic and international legislators and policymakers to aim for more tax certainty for shareholders and further tax research of the DAOs.

A consortium blockchain-edge enabled authentication scheme for underwater acoustic network (UAN)

The Internet of Things (IoT) allows for automated operations in diverse fields, such as agriculture monitoring, pollution monitoring, health care, and underwater monitoring. The Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) observes the underwater environment, assists in exploration, mitigates disasters, and monitors some factors including temperature, pressure, and pollution. The IoUT relies on a network of intelligent underwater sensors that send data to surface base stations and IoT devices for storage and analysis. Nevertheless, these systems face security risks as they operate in unattended environments. Many authentication methods depend on a centralized third party, leading to higher computation costs and energy usage. To mitigate security risks, autonomous underwater devices need secure connections and authentication. This paper suggests a decentralized authentication mechanism for UAN to safeguard against unauthorized access and ensure secure data storage in the cloud. The proposed mechanism prioritizes robustness, transparency, and energy efficiency. The suggested solution incorporates an architecture based on edge and cloud layers, utilizing customized blockchain technology for secure storage and processing of data. The security of the proposed solution has been thoroughly examined through formal analysis utilizing the Real or Random (ROR) Oracle model and Scyther tool. Informal analysis further confirms the solution’s resilience against various malicious attacks. Additionally, performance and comparative analysis demonstrate that the proposed solution surpasses existing schemes.

Ensuring product authenticity and traceability with blockchain in supply chains

This review paper explores the efficacy of blockchain technology in enhancing product authenticity and traceability within supply chains. With the complexity of global supply chains increasing, the risk of counterfeit products and inefficiencies in tracking origins is escalating. This paper synthesizes existing literature to outline the current landscape of blockchain applications in supply chains, focusing on the decentralized and immutable capabilities of the technology that promise to revolutionize traditional practices. The core of the review involves a comprehensive analysis of documented implementations of blockchain in various industries, assessing their impact on enhancing transparency, reducing fraud, and improving overall supply chain integrity. We critically examine case studies and existing research to identify patterns of success and common challenges faced by organizations adopting blockchain solutions. Findings highlight that blockchain technology not only supports better traceability and authentication processes but also fosters a more transparent environment for transactions, significantly deterring the proliferation of counterfeit goods. Additionally, the review points out the technological and organizational hurdles in adopting blockchain, such as the need for standardization and the resistance to change in legacy systems. The paper concludes that blockchain technology holds substantial promise for addressing critical issues in supply chain management. However, achieving its full potential requires overcoming significant adoption challenges and fostering collaborative efforts for standardization across industries. This review calls for ongoing research into scalable blockchain applications and strategic partnerships to drive the technology's integration into mainstream supply chain operations.

Secure and Efficient Cloud Storage System with Deduplication and Compression Using Blockchain Technology

Cloud storage is becoming increasingly essential as data volumes continue to grow exponentially. However, traditional cloud storage systems face issues related to data redundancy, inefficient storage utilization, and vulnerabilities in security. This paper presents a novel approach to cloud storage that incorporates deduplication, compression, and blockchain technology. Deduplication removes redundant data, while compression minimizes storage requirements. Blockchain, known for its decentralized and immutable ledger, ensures data integrity and security. The results of this research demonstrate that the system effectively reduces storage consumption and provides a high level of security, outperforming conventional systems in terms of efficiency and protection against data breaches.

A Secure and Transparent Voting System using Blockchain Technology

Blockchain-based voting systems present a transformative approach to resolving the limitations found in conventional voting methods. Traditional electoral processes frequently suffer from issues like vote manipulation, fraud, uncertainty, and inefficiencies in vote counting. By leveraging the decentralized nature of blockchain technology, these challenges can be mitigated, creating a secure, unchangeable, and transparent platform for vote recording and tallying. Once a vote is registered on the blockchain, it becomes unalterable, safeguarding election results against any form of tampering or external manipulation. Each vote is stored as a cryptographic entry, chained to the preceding data, which fortifies the overall security of the voting record against unauthorized modifications. This structure upholds the integrity of the election data, ensuring robust control over the electoral process. With the blockchain ledger publicly accessible, all participants—including voters and candidates—can verify results in real time, promoting confidence in the accuracy of the voting process. The technology's decentralized framework eliminates the need for centralized oversight, reducing the risks of manipulation or corruption by third parties. Additionally, this approach maintains voter privacy, allowing individuals to cast their votes confidentially without fear of personal information exposure or reprisal. Smart contracts within the system automate essential functions such as voter registration, identity validation, and vote casting, minimizing human errors and enabling seamless election processes. In conclusion, adopting blockchain technology in voting systems has the potential to greatly enhance security, transparency, and trust, thereby supporting and strengthening democratic practices on a global scale.

Optimizing food transportation processes for grocery stores across the US

In the rapidly evolving landscape of food logistics, optimizing transportation processes for grocery stores across the United States has become paramount to enhancing operational efficiency and ensuring the delivery of high-quality, perishable goods. This article examines the multifaceted challenges inherent in food transportation, including logistical complexities, environmental concerns, and rising operational costs. It highlights the importance of data-driven strategies, such as route optimization and machine learning algorithms, to improve delivery times and reduce waste. Additionally, the integration of advanced technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT) sensors for temperature monitoring and automation in warehouse management, is explored to enhance the cold chain and ensure food safety. Moreover, the article emphasizes the critical role of strategic partnerships with third-party logistics providers and suppliers in streamlining operations and enhancing overall performance. Through in-depth case studies of successful grocery chains, it illustrates effective practices that have led to significant improvements in food transportation processes. The regulatory landscape surrounding food transportation is also analysed, underscoring compliance with safety standards and sustainability initiatives. Finally, the article looks ahead to future trends, including the potential impact of autonomous vehicles, blockchain technology, and sustainable practices on the food supply chain. By providing a comprehensive overview of best practices and innovative solutions, this article aims to equip grocery store operators and stakeholders with actionable insights to optimize their food transportation processes, ultimately leading to improved customer satisfaction and reduced environmental impact.

Transition from Human to AI-Judge - The Future Automated Adjudication Mechanism in India

In the current technological landscape, artificial intelligence is rapidly evolving and reshaping the way we operate. Nevertheless, AI also presents challenges that necessitate human involvement and unique problem-solving approaches. This study explores the potential future impact of Human to AI Judges. It begins by global approach on AI as automated decisionmaking authority, the acceptance models that helps to adopt such advanced technology in India and also examining AI's legal personality. The submission of evidence is a critical aspect of any adjudication process. Therefore, it is essential to authenticate such evidence through a reliable mechanism to ensure the secure collection of evidence. The use of chain of custody and blockchain technology has been widespread for this purpose, although countries like China have differing methods for utilizing such technology. However, India currently lacks such efficiency. Predictive analysis has been employed to gather data and develop algorithms. However, AI lacks the cognitive ability to evaluate cases based on emotions by relying solely on these algorithms. The paper also delves into the inability of AI judges to detect emotions in criminal and family cases. The appeals process has been evaluated, as individuals who disagree with a judge's decision typically lodge an appeal. The issue of accountability is a significant concern, prompting discussions about whether the programmer or AI should bear the responsibility. This research paper also explores the appealability of decisions made by AI judges, offering a viable solution to address the research question.

Smart Machine Learning Analysis and Blockchain Healthcare Platform

The Smart Machine Learning Medical Analysis and Blockchain Healthcare Platform (SMLMAP) represents a transformative approach to medical diagnostics and data management by integrating advanced machine learning algorithms with blockchain technology. This platform is designed to accurately diagnose seven critical diseases, achieving impressive diagnostic outcomes across various conditions, including diabetes, breast cancer, heart disease, kidney disease, liver disease, malaria, and pneumonia. SMLMAP employs Random Forest algorithms for text data analysis and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for image data, ensuring rapid and precise diagnostic results. In addition to enhancing diagnostic capabilities, SMLMAP addresses significant privacy and security concerns inherent in healthcare data management. The integration of blockchain technology facilitates secure, transparent, and tamper-proof storage of patient records, empowering individuals with greater control over their medical information. This dual approach not only improves the accuracy of diagnoses but also fosters trust between patients and healthcare providers by safeguarding sensitive data against unauthorized access. Key functionalities of SMLMAP include the ability to schedule doctor appointments conveniently through the platform, ensuring that patients can receive timely medical attention. Additionally, the application provides users with a weekly healthcare magazine, delivering valuable information on health tips, disease management, and wellness advice to promote informed health decisions. By leveraging the strengths of machine learning and blockchain, SMLMAP paves the way for a more efficient, accurate, and secure healthcare ecosystem. This innovative platform not only enhances the quality of medical diagnostics but also represents a significant step forward in addressing the critical challenges of data privacy and security in the healthcare sector. The findings underscore the potential of SMLMAP to revolutionize patient care and data management in the evolving landscape of healthcare technology.

The advantages and challenges with the usages of blockchain technology in management information systems, particularly in us e- commerce enterprises

In the last twenty years, information technology has relatively advanced different aspects of people’s cal, societal interactions and companies affecting the quality of life. The modern e- commerce organizations require MIS that is used in the acquisition, processing, and reporting of relevant data for decision making purposes. This paper focuses on how Blockchain has been incorporated into MIS within e-commerce firms located in the United States, and provides a literature review of the advantages and problems involved. By synthesizing academic research from management and business process journals, the study presents important areas where MIS can be improved by blockchain technology and solutions while also presenting important disadvantages such as scalability problems and regulatory challenges and high implementation costs. The results of this study are summarized in the following sections, ending with a discussion of the possible opportunities that blockchain-MIS can leverage for innovation and trust in today’s American e-businesses. To this end, this paper seeks to give an objective analysis of the effects of blockchain technology on MIS in e-commerce in order to help executive managers make better decisions on its adoption.

Enhancing FMCG supply chain traceability and efficiency with blockchain technology implementation

Enhancing supply chain traceability and efficiency in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector is critical for mitigating counterfeit losses and ensuring product integrity. This study proposes a comprehensive model for the implementation of blockchain technology tailored to the unique demands of the FMCG supply chain. The model emphasizes transparency, accountability, and real-time data sharing among stakeholders, including manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and consumers. By integrating blockchain, the FMCG industry can create a tamper-proof record of each transaction and product movement, significantly improving traceability from production to point-of-sale. Key components of the proposed model include a decentralized ledger that captures product information, provenance data, and transaction history. This approach facilitates efficient tracking of products, enhances supply chain visibility, and enables stakeholders to authenticate goods at any stage. Moreover, by employing blockchain’s smart contract functionality, the model allows for automated compliance verification and streamlined processes, reducing the time and resources required for audits and inspections. The study further explores potential extensions of blockchain technology to incorporate smart contracts that can automate various supply chain operations. These contracts can facilitate automatic payments upon delivery confirmation, trigger inventory replenishment orders based on real-time data, and enforce compliance with regulatory requirements without human intervention. By leveraging these technological advancements, FMCG companies can significantly reduce counterfeit losses and improve overall supply chain efficiency. This not only protects brand reputation but also fosters consumer trust, which is vital in an increasingly competitive market. The implications of this research highlight the transformative potential of blockchain technology in the FMCG sector, paving the way for future innovations in traceability and efficiency. In conclusion, this study presents a robust framework for blockchain implementation in the FMCG supply chain, addressing critical issues of traceability and counterfeiting while offering pathways for future enhancements through smart contracts.

Integrating fintech and innovation in microfinance: Transforming credit accessibility for small businesses

The integration of fintech in microfinance is transforming credit accessibility for small businesses, especially those traditionally underserved by conventional financial institutions. Fintech solutions offer innovative pathways for microfinance institutions (MFIs) to streamline lending, reduce operational costs, and enhance credit risk assessment, making it easier and faster for small businesses to obtain funding. This review explores how digital lending platforms, blockchain technology, mobile wallets, and artificial intelligence (AI) are reshaping the microfinance landscape. By leveraging digital platforms, MFIs can simplify loan application processes and expand financial services to remote or unbanked areas, where small businesses often lack the collateral or credit history required by traditional lenders. Blockchain and smart contracts enhance transparency, security, and trust in transactions, while AI and machine learning provide advanced methods for assessing creditworthiness using alternative data. These innovations enable MFIs to adopt a more inclusive approach, reaching small businesses with customized financial solutions and enabling responsible lending practices. This review examines case studies from diverse regions to highlight the transformative effects of fintech integration on credit accessibility for small businesses, demonstrating tangible improvements in financial inclusion and economic resilience. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, including data privacy concerns, regulatory issues, and technological barriers in under-resourced areas. Addressing these issues through collaborative partnerships, regulatory frameworks, and digital literacy programs can maximize the impact of fintech-driven microfinance. Ultimately, integrating fintech into microfinance has the potential to drive sustainable economic growth, empowering small businesses to thrive and fostering a more inclusive financial ecosystem. This review advocates for continued innovation and supportive policies to strengthen fintech's role in advancing credit accessibility for small businesses globally.

Strengthening Digital Forensics with Blockchain Technology and Algorithms

Strengthening Digital Forensics with Blockchain Technology and Algorithms

Agro-Blockchain Markets (ABM): A secure and transparent model for smallholder farmers

This paper introduces the concept of Agro-Blockchain Markets (ABM), a system that applies blockchain technology to agricultural trade to enhance transparency, fair pricing, and trust among stakeholders. By leveraging blockchain's decentralized, immutable, and transparent nature, ABM enables smallholder farmers to participate in secure and efficient markets, bypassing intermediaries and gaining improved market access. The paper discusses the design and functionality of ABM, highlighting key components such as smart contracts and decentralized exchanges. It also explores the potential benefits for smallholder farmers, including financial inclusion, price stability, and reduced fraud. However, challenges such as technology adoption barriers, infrastructure limitations, and costs are acknowledged. Recommendations for policymakers, agricultural stakeholders, and tech developers are provided, emphasizing the need for supportive regulations, partnerships, and user-friendly blockchain platforms to ensure the successful implementation of ABM. The paper concludes that ABM can significantly empower smallholder farmers and promote sustainable agricultural practices.