Technology Evolution Path Research Articles

Trace the evolution path of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment technology based on a patent perspective

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the research hotspots and future development trends of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment technology, in order to provide valuable reference and guidance to promote the development of technology. First, the search path counting (SPC) algorithm is utilized to identify the global main path to perform a preliminary analysis of the technology evolution path from a macro perspective. Second, according to the life cycle, S-curve divides the time windows of the temporal themes and uses the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) modeling to identify the themes under each time window. Then, a visualized Sankey diagram is generated to determine the evolutionary relationship, which can be supplemented with the paths of technological evolution from the micro point of view. Finally, six research hotspots of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment technology were found, which are compounding agents, advanced oxidation technology, nanomaterials, artificial intelligence (AI) technology, membrane pollution prevention, and various combinations of wastewater treatment technology. The study also predicted its future development direction.

Innovative Cultural Transmission Paths Analysis for Local Opera Based on Data Mining

With the rapid development of society and cultural diversity, local opera, as a representative of traditional art, faces dual challenges of inheritance and innovation. The inheritance of traditional Chinese opera often relies on oral instruction, but in modern society, this method is no longer suitable for the rapidly changing cultural environment. The purpose of this study is to explore in depth the innovative cultural dissemination path of local opera through data mining techniques. This paper uses data mining techniques to explore and analyze the inheritance of innovative culture in local opera, and to study the inheritance paths. This paper proposes a data mining-based method for analyzing and identifying the paths of inheritance of innovative culture in local opera. This paper focuses on two aspects of technology clustering and technology theme association, and the research paths are divided into flexible clustering based on data enhancement and technology evolution path identification based on theme extraction. Firstly, the heritage changes of dating tunes are discussed. Secondly, the unique artistic esthetics of the dating tune is compared with the artistic characteristics of Henan opera and the three-stringed book. Through the research and learning experience of the Dai Yongqu, it is easier to thoroughly understand the artistic essence and cultural connotation of the Dai Yongqu, and that exposure to the Dai Yongqu is a process of touching traditional culture. In the text clustering section, the data co-occurrence frequency matrix is constructed based on the results of multiple clustering, transforming the problem of determining the number of clusters into a co-occurrence frequency problem with semantic information of the text, thus achieving the purpose of flexible clustering on demand. In a comparison with existing methods, the text representation method using data-enhanced coding achieves better semantic coding results. The flexible clustering method can differentiate the data better than the clustering method with a defined number of clusters and obtains clustering results with high intra-class similarity and high inter-class differentiation.

Patent text mining based hydrogen energy technology evolution path identification

With the rise of the hydrogen energy industry, countries worldwide have introduced relevant policies to elevate the development of the hydrogen energy industry to the height of national energy strategy, and hydrogen energy will become a significant factor affecting the future industrial structure and national competitiveness. The path of technology evolution can trace the history of technology development and predict the trend of technology development, which can help to grasp the first opportunity of technological innovation and lead the direction of technological development. However, there are fewer studies on technology evolution in hydrogen energy. The existing studies mainly use bibliometrics to mine a single technology, and the studies using text mining suffer from the defect that keywords are difficult to decipher. Given this, this paper conducts research on identifying the technology evolution path in the field of hydrogen energy, adopts text mining methods to mine patent data, and introduces document vectorization and phrase mining algorithms to improve the mining depth while increasing the interpretability of the results. It is found that the hydrogen energy industry is in a period of rapid development; the succession and integration of hydrogen energy technologies are good, and the technological development trend focuses on hydrogen storage materials, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and green hydrogen preparation.

Hotspots and trends of biological water treatment based on bibliometric review and patents analysis

In order to reveal the hotspots and trends of biological water treatment from the perspectives of scientific and technological innovation, both of the bibliometric review and patents analysis were performed in this study. The Web of Science Core Collection database and Derwent Innovation Index database recorded 30023 SCI papers and 50326 patents, respectively were analyzed via information visualization technology. The results showed that China ranked the first in both papers and patents, while the United States and Japan had advantages in papers and patents, respectively. It was concluded through literature metrology analysis that microbial population characteristics, biodegradation mechanism, toxicity analysis, nitrogen and phosphorus removal and biological treatment of micro-polluted wastewater were the research hotspots of SCI papers. Activated sludge process and anaerobic-aerobic combined process were the two mainstream technologies on the basis of patent technology classification analysis. Technology evolution path of biological water treatment was also elucidated in three stages based on the citation network analysis. Furthermore, the future directions including research on the law of interaction and regulation of biological phases and pollutants and the technology innovations towards the targeted biotransformation or selective biodegradation of pollutants and resource reuse of wastewater were prospected.

Mapping the technology evolution path: a novel model for dynamic topic detection and tracking

Identifying the evolution path of a research field is essential to scientific and technological innovation. There have been many attempts to identify the technology evolution path based on the topic model or social networks analysis, but many of them had deficiencies in methodology. First, many studies have only considered a single type of information (text or citation information) in scientific literature, which may lead to incomplete technology path mapping. Second, the number of topics in each period cannot be determined automatically, making dynamic topic tracking difficult. Third, data mining methods fail to be effectively combined with visual analysis, which will affect the efficiency and flexibility of mapping. In this study, we developed a method for mapping the technology evolution path using a novel non-parametric topic model, the citation involved Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (CIHDP), to achieve better topic detection and tracking of scientific literature. To better present and analyze the path, D3.js is used to visualize the splitting and fusion of the evolutionary path. We used this novel model to mapping the artificial intelligence research domain, through a successful mapping of the evolution path, the proposed method’s validity and merits are shown. After incorporating the citation information, we found that the CIHDP can be mapping a complete path evolution process and had better performance than the Hierarchical Dirichlet Process and LDA. This method can be helpful for understanding and analyzing the development of technical topics. Moreover, it can be well used to map the science or technology of the innovation ecosystem. It may also arouse the interest of technology evolution path researchers or policymakers.

Forecasting technology trends using text mining of the gaps between science and technology: The case of perovskite solar cell technology

How to detect and identify the future trends of emerging technologies as early as possible is crucial for government R&D strategic planning and enterprises' practices. To avoid the weakness of using only scientific papers or patents to study the development trends of emerging technologies, this paper proposes a framework that uses scientific papers and patents as data resources and integrates the text mining and expert judgment approaches to identify technology evolution paths and forecast technology development trends within the short term. The perovskite solar cell technology is selected as a case study. In this case, the text mining and expert judgment methods are applied to analyze the technology evolution path, and gaps analysis between science and technology is used to forecast the technology development trend. This paper will contribute to the technology forecasting and foresight methodology, and will be of interest to solar photovoltaic technology R&D experts.

Illumination-Invariant Background Subtraction: Comparative Review, Models, and Prospects

Background subtraction is a key prerequisite for a wide range of image processing applications due to its pervasiveness in various contexts. In particular, video surveillance highly requires the reliable background subtraction for further operations, such as object tracking and recognition, and thus, enormous efforts for this task have been devoted in recent decades. However, the path of technological evolution for background subtraction has now faced with an important issue that has started to be resolved: sensitivity to dynamic changes of scene contexts (e.g., illumination variations and moving backgrounds). Such dynamic changes are hardly tolerated by most of traditional background models, since they yield the drastically different statistics of pixel values even onto the relevant position between consecutive frames. To resolve this problem, many researchers in this field have developed robust and efficient methods. The goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review with a special attention to schemes related to handling varying illuminations frequently occurring in the outdoor surveillance scenario. This paper covers a systematic taxonomy, methodologies, and performance evaluations on benchmark databases, and also provides constructive discussions for the smart video surveillance under unconstrained outdoor environments.

Biometric Antispoofing Methods: A Survey in Face Recognition

In recent decades, we have witnessed the evolution of biometric technology from the first pioneering works in face and voice recognition to the current state of development wherein a wide spectrum of highly accurate systems may be found, ranging from largely deployed modalities, such as fingerprint, face, or iris, to more marginal ones, such as signature or hand. This path of technological evolution has naturally led to a critical issue that has only started to be addressed recently: the resistance of this rapidly emerging technology to external attacks and, in particular, to spoofing. Spoofing, referred to by the term presentation attack in current standards, is a purely biometric vulnerability that is not shared with other IT security solutions. It refers to the ability to fool a biometric system into recognizing an illegitimate user as a genuine one by means of presenting a synthetic forged version of the original biometric trait to the sensor. The entire biometric community, including researchers, developers, standardizing bodies, and vendors, has thrown itself into the challenging task of proposing and developing efficient protection methods against this threat. The goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview on the work that has been carried out over the last decade in the emerging field of antispoofing, with special attention to the mature and largely deployed face modality. The work covers theories, methodologies, state-of-the-art techniques, and evaluation databases and also aims at providing an outlook into the future of this very active field of research.

Information Forensics: An Overview of the First Decade

In recent decades, we have witnessed the evolution of information technologies from the development of VLSI technologies, to communication and networking infrastructure, to the standardization of multimedia compression and coding schemes, to effective multimedia content search and retrieval. As a result, multimedia devices and digital content have become ubiquitous. This path of technological evolution has naturally led to a critical issue that must be addressed next, namely, to ensure that content, devices, and intellectual property are being used by authorized users for legitimate purposes, and to be able to forensically prove with high confidence when otherwise. When security is compromised, intellectual rights are violated, or authenticity is forged, forensic methodologies and tools are employed to reconstruct what has happened to digital content in order to answer who has done what, when, where, and how. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview on what has been done over the last decade in the new and emerging field of information forensics regarding theories, methodologies, state-of-the-art techniques, major applications, and to provide an outlook of the future.

On selecting a technology evolution path for broadband access networks

The rapid growth in the number of Internet users has accelerated the use of high-speed Internet access services, including broadband multimedia services. In the delivery of broadband multimedia services to end-users, it is necessary to build a high-speed backbone and access network. To construct a broadband access network, several alternative technologies including xDSL, CATV, and FTTx have been suggested and implemented in telecommunication networks. However, even if a technology is proven to be optimal for the current environment, it can be deteriorated by the elapse of time or the advent of new challenging technologies in the future. In this article, we concentrate on the selection of an evolution path for broadband access networks. We developed an optimization model for selecting the best technology and evolution path with the minimum total cost. The problem can be formulated as a mixed integer programming model. With a scenario for demands and cost factors, we find the optimal evolution path by solving our model with the CPLEX program and illustrate some sample paths for the broadband access network evolution plan. Once the cost and the demand are defined in detail to reflect the real-world case, our model can be useful to generate a practical technology evolution plan for broadband access networks in real-world applications.

Four years of the Switched Multi-megabit Data Service

Over the last four years BT‘s Switched Multi-megabit Data Service has been a major success for the company. This has been due to a unique combination of features that make it genuinely easy for customers to dimension, manage and grow their wide area data networks cost effectively. This paper outlines how the underlying technology and service performance supports a set of features which translate into major business benefits and contribute to competitive advantage. The technology evolution path for SMDS in an ATM-based multi-service environment is described and service interworking scenarios discussed.