Technology In Production Systems Research Articles

Relationship between stocking rate and production of stocker hybrid tilapia and water quality in a mixtotrophic biofloc system

AbstractIntensified production of stocker‐size tilapia can be accomplished using the biofloc technology production system. Stocker‐size tilapia (ca. 10–200 g/fish) are raised for subsequent stocking for grow‐out to market size. The relationship between stocking rate and the production of stocker‐size hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis aureus × O. niloticus) was evaluated in two studies in outdoor mixotrophic biofloc tanks. Hybrid tilapia were stocked in 18.6‐m2 (15.7‐m3) tanks at 50–150 fish/m2 (59–178 fish/m3) in 25 fish/m2 (30 fish/m3) increments in Study 1 and grown for 141–143 days. Stocking rates evaluated in 4.7‐m2 (3.6‐m3) tanks during Study 2 over 78–79 days ranged from 100 to 300 fish/m2 (132–396 fish/m3) in 25 fish/m2 (33 fish/m3) increments. Linear regression models best described growth to stocker size in both studies. Fish yield increased linearly with stocking rate and ranged from 20.1 to 38.3 kg/m3. Individual weight at harvest was inversely related to stocking rate and ranged from 389.8 to 163.4 g/fish and 155.2 to 81.4 g/fish in Studies 1 and 2, respectively. Partial budget analyses suggested positive net changes in profit with incremental increases in stocking rate for producing a 75‐g stocker. Water quality concentrations were impacted directly by daily feed ration and total feed fed, which increased linearly with stocking rate. In Study 2, whole‐body dry matter, protein, protein retention, and lipid were unaffected by stocking rate, whereas whole‐body ash increased with stocking rate. Whole‐body energy retention significantly decreased with stocking rate. The outdoor mixotrophic biofloc production system is well suited for intensive production of hybrid tilapia stockers. However, additional replicated research and economic analysis are needed to evaluate stocking rate and culture duration to produce specific‐sized stocker hybrid tilapia.

An integrated system theoretic process analysis with multilevel flow modeling for the identification of cyber‐physical hazards in a process industry

AbstractThe deep integration of information technology and process industry production systems makes system failure increasingly multi‐source and multi‐scale. In contrast to conventional hazard methods, system theoretic process analysis (STPA) can analyze the hazards in system control processes from the perspective of interactions among the system components. Theoretically, this method offers advantages that are better suited for modern production systems. However, as of now, the integration between STPA and process industrial production systems is still lacking. To address this issue, this study improved the original STPA method. First, we propose the “5 flows” concept for the process industrial cyber‐physical systems. The systems are described using multilevel flow modeling (MFM). This leads to the development of the MSTPA method, which is specifically designed to analyze the cyber‐physical hazards in process industrial production systems. Subsequently, the cyber‐physical hazards of a fluidized‐bed catalytic cracking unit are analyzed in detail using the MSTPA method as an example. The results show that MSTPA can identify cyber‐physical hazards in multiple dimensions. It is proved that, compared with the original STPA and traditional hazard methods, the MSTPA method can better identify cyber‐physical hazards in process industrial production systems.

Dry direct-seeded rice-wheat rotation system: Lower water and carbon footprint and higher carbon production efficiency and net ecosystem economic benefits

ContextSecuring food and energy supplies presents a significant challenge to human survival and progress. The rice-wheat rotation is one of the main food crop systems in China. However, no comprehensive assessment of the water footprint (WF), carbon footprint (CF), carbon production efficiency (CPE), and net ecosystem economic benefits (NEEB) of different rice-wheat rotation systems has been reported. ObjectiveThis study was conducted to assess the productivity, WF, CF, CPE, and NEEB of dry direct-seeded, wet direct-seeded, and transplanted rice-wheat (TR-W) rotation systems. The objective was to provide theoretical guidance for the development of clean and sustainable rice-wheat rotation production technology systems. MethodsWe used a split-plot design, with the main plots being the dry direct-seeded, wet direct-seeded, and transplanted rice planting methods, and the subplots consisting of two rice genotypes. Dry direct-seeded rice was mainly rainfed, ensuring that the soil remained relatively dry so that the soil is kept aerobic during the whole reproductive period of rice. Wet direct-seeded rice continues to keep the soil moist after sowing; the plots were maintained under a water layer of 3–10 cm following the emergence of 4.5 leaves, a condition that persisted until two weeks prior to the rice harvest. Transplanted rice was maintained under a water layer of 3–10 cm following transplanting until 2 weeks prior to the rice harvest. Subsequent to the rice harvest, the above-ground rice stubble was removed, and the ground was tilled with a rotary tiller in preparation for the subsequent wheat planting. ResultsResults demonstrated that the annual yield from the dry direct-seeded rice-wheat (DR-W) rotation system was comparable to the wet direct-seeded rice-wheat (WR-W) rotation system, while significantly lower than that of the TR-W rotation system. However, the WF of DR-W rotation system was 45.96% and 33.94% lower than that of WR-W and TR-W rotation systems, respectively, and the CF was 35.57% and 25.87% lower than that of WR-W and TR-W rotation systems, respectively. Therefore, its water and carbon production efficiencies were higher than those of WR-W and TR-W rotation systems. In addition, NEEB in DR-W and TR-W was comparable and significantly higher than that in WR-W. ConclusionsThe DR-W rotation was a promising rotation system according to the comparable annual yield, lower water and carbon footprints, higher CPE, and comparable or higher NEEB in comparison with other rice-wheat rotation systems. SignificanceWe suggest that the DR-W rotation should be promoted as the primary production mode for the rice-wheat rotation.

The impact of artificial intelligence technology on the management of front-line employees in manufacturing enterprises: The proposal of a theoretical model

Artificial intelligence technology has greatly changed production process equipment and technological systems. The changes in production technology systems and environments will inevitably affect people's psychological behavior, thereby affecting employee performance. This article found that artificial intelligence technology has the effects of interpersonal isolation, skill deprivation, innovation opportunity deprivation, and sense of achievement deprivation on frontline employees in manufacturing enterprises, leading to a sense of powerlessness and fatigue among frontline employees, resulting in a decrease in employee satisfaction, an increase in turnover rate, and an increase in insecurity. To address the impact of artificial intelligence technology on frontline employees, traditional human resource management models should be changed, employee care should be strengthened, team activities should be emphasized, life situations should be created, and diverse skills should be developed.

Myth, Imagination and Digital Imaging: On the Aesthetic Expression of Nationality in Chinese Fantasy Films

Chinese fantasy movies have been based on Chinese myths and legends or ancient novels about monsters since the beginning, and have mixed martial arts, kung fu, traditional opera and other folk-art forms in the form of expression. As China's digital film technology production system matures, the boundaries between national films and transnational films in Chinese fantasy films are becoming increasingly blurred. This article mainly analyzes how Chinese magic movies, driven by technology, use local cultural elements to generate images and aesthetic conceptions with national characteristics. It proposes that magic movies should create a visual style with oriental aesthetic attributes, build cultural confidence, and enhance China through image dissemination. cultural influence.

CALCULATION OF UNIT COSTS BY ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING METHOD USING GROUP TECHNOLOGY IN A FLEXIBLE PRODUCTION SYSTEM

İleri teknoloji kullanan işletmeler uzun vadeli kararları alma ve uygulama sürecinde güvenilirliğiyüksek verilerden ve analizlerden yararlanmayı tercih etmektedir. Bu verilerin işletmenin gerçekdurumunu yansıtan ve profesyonel şekilde hazırlanmış veriler olması arzu edilmektedir. İşletmelerinüst düzey yöneticilerinin doğru kararları alabilmeleri işletmenin hem geçmişini hem bugününü iyianaliz edebilmesine bağlıdır. Bu etkin analiz ve güvenilir bilginin temelinde, işletmede iyi düzeydeişletilen bir stratejik maliyet yönetimi anlayışı vardır.Çalışmanın amacı, ileri teknoloji ve esnek üretim sistemini kullanarak üretim yapan işletmelerin stratejikmaliyet yönetimi sürecinde mevcut durumlarını tespit etmeleri, geliştirmeleri, planlama ve kontrolfaaliyetlerini etkin bir şekilde yürütmelerini sağlayacak bir model ortaya koymaktır. Bu kapsamdaörnek olay yöntemi ile esnek üretim sistemini kullanan bir üretim işletmesinin üretim, yönetim vemuhasebe sistemi incelenerek maliyet yönetimi açısından mevcut durumu ortaya konulmuştur. Benzer üretim sistemine sahip mamuller aynı grupta toplanmış ve genel üretim maliyetlerinin mamullereyüklemesi faaliyet tabanlı maliyetleme kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Çalışma, maliyet yönetiminde esneküretim sistemini ele alması ve grup teknolojisi tekniğini kullanması açısından daha önce yapılmışçalışmalardan farklılık arz etmektedir. Çalışmada ileri teknoloji kullanan işletmelerde faaliyet tabanlımaliyetleme yönteminden yararlanılarak birim maliyetlerin gerçeğe uygun şekilde hesaplanabildiğisonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Learning by teaching technological knowledge: conceptual skill development in Japanese overseas subsidiaries

In recent years, knowledge transfer studies have produced a great deal of knowledge on technology transfer in MNCs. However, these studies have focused exclusively on the effects on the recipients of knowledge and not on the effects on the suppliers of knowledge. To fill this research gap in previous studies, this study takes the concept of “learning by teaching” proposed in pedagogy as a clue and demonstrates for the first time the effects on the suppliers of technological knowledge. This study (1) sets the international horizontal transfer of production technology systems among overseas subsidiaries as the research object, (2) obtains original data from 391 Japanese multinational manufacturing subsidiaries through a mail questionnaire survey, and (3) analyses the data through multiple regression analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results revealed that overseas subsidiaries of MNCs can make their production technology systems explicit (making them easier to teach) through technical guidance and thereby develop the conceptual skills of their engineers and operators. The results of this study open up the possibility of developing theories on (1) updating the knowledge base at the supplier of knowledge and (2) building the relationship between the supplier and the teaching materials in knowledge transfer.

Evaluation of Settling Chamber Hydraulic Retention Time in a Sunshine Bass Biofloc Production System

AbstractHigh total suspended solids (TSS) concentrations that result from the high feeding rates used in biofloc technology production systems can negatively impact fish performance. Excess TSS are removed from biofloc production tanks by side‐stream settling chambers. The effects on solids removal, water quality dynamics, and performance of sunshine bass (female White Bass Morone chrysops × male Striped Bass M. saxatilis) from three settling chamber hydraulic retention times (HRTs; 18, 43, and 87 min; designated HRT18, HRT43, and HRT87, respectively) were evaluated in this 126‐d study in biofloc tanks. Corresponding settling chamber flow rates were 7.2, 3.0, and 1.5 L/min, respectively, and corresponding tank turnover times were 8.3, 20.0, and 40.0 h. Upon activation of settling chambers, the TSS concentration decreased faster in the HRT87 treatment than in the other two treatments. The dry matter mass of solids discharged each time the settling chambers were drained and the total dry matter mass of solids discharged both increased linearly with HRT. Compared to the HRT43 and HRT87 treatments, nitrate‐nitrogen in the HRT18 treatment accumulated about 17% more slowly and 25% less sodium bicarbonate was needed, which suggests that nitrification was impacted negatively by the elevated settling chamber flow rate. Denitrification was not detected in settling chambers given the absence of significant differences between influent and effluent dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations in all treatments. Sunshine bass performed well in all treatments, with overall production averaging 4.4 kg/m3 at 81.9% survival. Although sunshine bass were grown successfully to market size in biofloc culture, future research should address higher stocking rates and settling chamber operational parameters to maintain higher TSS concentrations and promote denitrification. Thus, the results of this study suggest that a minimum settling chamber HRT of 43 min is appropriate for biofloc culture of hybrid striped bass.

Environmental impact assessment of hydrogen-based auxiliary power system onboard

The maritime transportation sector globally depends on fossil resources while this option is both diminishing and causing serious environmental and air pollution issues. Recently, hydrogen energy becomes one of the key alternatives addressing these concerns under the increasing press effect of the international community.The use of hydrogen as an energy source in ships is provided by fuel cell technologies. Although there are many types of fuel cells, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is the most widely used fuel cell type in the maritime industry. The most important handicap for the use of hydrogen in ships seems to be the production and storage of it. For this reason, fuel cell technology and hydrogen production and storage systems must be developed in order to use hydrogen as the main propulsion system in long-distance transportation in the maritime sector.In this study, Reference Energy System (RES) is established for a chemical tanker ship to determine the current energy flow from various resources to demands. Then the appropriate parameters are assigned and this framework is specified by the respective data. Following this phase; the current situation has been developed as the base scenario and analyzed by using the Low Emission Analysis Programme (LEAP) energy modeling platform. Additionally, two alternative scenarios including the hydrogen-based have been applied against the base scenario to compare the environmental results in the 2017–2050 time period. When the results are evaluated, it is predicted that although it is not sufficient for IMO and EMSA targets, implementation of hydrogen contributes to the carbon emission reduction positively and it will be more beneficial to apply to the main drive system with the technological developments to be made in the near future.

Supply Chain and Economic Viability of Vanilla planifolia Andrew Production: A Case Study

Objectives: To characterize the supply chain of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrew) inorder to detect areas which could be improved and to determine the economic viabilityof its production.Design/Methodology/Approach: The information was compiled through semi-structured interviews in a vanilla company. The Value Stream Mapping technique wasused to describe the supply chain. Additional databases were consulted in order toobtain information on the production and commercialization of vanilla. The economicviability of vanilla production was analyzed with IRR.Results: This case study had five phases in its supply chain. The IRR of cash flow inthe traditional and technological production systems were positive, although the IRR ofthe traditional system was greater even though it had lower production volumes.Study Limitations/Implications: It was observed that vanilla requires between 3 and 4years for its first harvest, independently of the production system, traditional ortechnological, which means that there are negative cash flow numbers during the firsttwo years in both systems, despite a positive IRR.Findings/Conclusions: The critical stage in the supply chain of the company studiedwas the production. The cash flow for the technological system was superior whencompared to the traditional system. However, the IRR for the technological system waslower, since the investment in shade cloth was not compensated by the discountedcash flows that could otherwise be obtained.

The intelligent system for monitoring and technical diagnostics of complex technological equipment in the agro-industrial complex

The article considers the intelligent system of control and technical diagnostics of complex technological equipment and flexible production systems developed by the authors. The provision of automatic selection of important parameters from the entire set of input and output parameters is due to the additional training of the neural network in the process and perhaps by increasing-decreasing the number of active neurons that do not lead to deterioration in the quality of technical diagnostics, but also due to the choice of excess neurons and their activation by retraining or failure of the neurons of the network. Diagnostic systems may include sensors, a computer system, and diagnostic signal display devices. The computational part of the system can contain modules implemented with the possibility of intelligent analysis and containing a dynamic model that is implemented on a trained neural network, and a module implemented with the possibility of additional training of the neural network and the selection of active and redundant neurons.

Synergy of a complex of complex technologies of the future agro-industrial complex

Considering a synergistic approach to the development of complex technologies for the production of the agro-industrial complex is considered. An analysis of the prospects for the unification of manufacturing and processing industries is given. The features of the structure of simple, small, large and complex technological systems are described. The influence of the stages of digitalization in the new synergetic picture of the agricultural complex is revealed. To effectively use the existing capacities of agrarian and food technologies and predict their further development, a qualitative change in the state of the entire complex system of the complex is considered, to identify control parameters and the least stable modes. The development of technological processes is considered taking into account the synergistic effects of interaction. Bifurcation transitions on the way of obtaining products and system-forming factors of the organization of complex technological production systems are described. The influence of internal and external relations on the structure of small and large systems of processing and food industries is analyzed.

During the winter, the performance of a temperate-zone channel catfish biofloc technology production system

In an outdoor biofloc technology production system, channel catfish (Ictalurus punctuates) have been successfully produced. In the tropics, outdoor biofloc production systems are used all year, while channel catfish research was limited to the growth season and biofloc production tanks. Harvested and put to rest for the winter. If a biofloc production system is to be used outside, Farmers in temperate latitudes, then, throughout the winter, data gaps related to system and fish performance. This issue must be addressed. The purpose of this research was to fill up these data gaps for channel catfish culture. Low (153.3 mg/L) water from a recently finished biofloc production experiment for this research; high total suspended solids (790.0 mg/L) were maintained. Per water source, there are three 15.7-m3 tanks. For a 152-day period, each type was supplied (8 kg/m3) with market-size channel catfish from the same research. From November through April, you will be studying. During the experiment, mean chlorophyll a concentrations were comparable in both treatments. Treatments diverged after 55 days, and chlorophyll a concentration grew linearly. (P 0.001, R2 = 0.721) in the low solids treatment to a mean final concentration of 2251.7 mg/m3. Ammonia Spikes of ammonium chloride (1.25–1.5 mg TAN) were added three times throughout the experiment. Completely biotransformed, presumably via algal absorption and nitrification. Biotransformation rate of ammonia. In the high solids (P 0.001, R2 = 0.920) and low solids (P 0.001, R2 = 0.920), was directly linked to mean water temperature. Treatments with (P = 0.002, R2 = 0.761). In biofloc tanks, catfish survival was excellent (99.75%) throughout the winter. There were no significant differences between the treatments. There was no significant difference in net fish output between the two groups. Treatments. Net fish yields, on the other hand, were 1–4% lower than starting fish biomasses. In the biofloc, there is water. Regardless of the weather, production tanks seemed to maintain their capacity to biotransform ammonia throughout the winter. Regardless of whether phytoplankton or suspended solids predominate, and despite ongoing ammonia nitrogen addition, having a functioning biofloc in the spring eliminates the need for a lengthy start-up period when establishing a new biofloc. Biofloc is completely functioning, as are the TAN and nitrite spikes.

The use of mathematical models to improve the effective functioning of enterprises

In the process of ensuring the innovative development of machine-building enterprises within the framework of the concept, it is necessary to use mathematical models that correspond to machine vision technologies, robotic technology, automated and intelligent production and control systems at enterprises. Mathematical models of robotic technology allow us to create new equipment, improve technological processes and production organization systems.

Extended reality technology – a new component in industrial engineering and production systems

Extended (virtual, augmented and mixed) reality technology gets considered as a new universal component of production (industrial) engineering’s methodological basis, receiving the possibilities for wide use in both extensive and intensive development of carrying and other branches of the fourth, fifth and the forming nucleus of the sixth technological wave. The article gives grounds for the role and place of this kind of technology in contemporary technological processes and production systems (including the flexible, small-volume and discrete production), and in the context of cyberphysical systems and the incoming fourth industrial revolution. The authors describe underline the set of tasks that are universal for a wide range of branches in any national economy, that can be most efficiently completed in terms of the current and prognosed level of development of man-machine interaction can be provided for as a result of using VR, AR and MR technologies. Based on the comparison of implementation principles and examples of applied implementation, the article gives grounds for term correspondence and opportunities of use of “extended reality technology”. The authors have made and explained the conclusion on practicability of integrating extended reality technology based on a universal hardwaresoftware complex that provides VR, AR and MR services corresponding to the composition of a given task within the technological process or the operating mode chosen by a user. The article gives descriptions of task assignments, terms of conduct and results of experiments on designing and testing extended reality interactive environments performed at the institute of information technology RTU MIREA in 2019–2020.

Intelligent Integral Improvement Technology of Double Block Sleeper Production Line of Zheng-wan High-Speed Railway

Double block sleeper is an important part of high-speed railway. Relying on the sk-2 double-block sleeper production line of Chongqing section in Zhengwan high-speed railway, a set of intelligent integrated lifting sleeper production technology system is designed and put into use. The system provides a safe operation platform for the operators to ensure the production schedule, reduce labor intensity, save costs, improve economic benefits, and has great promotion value.

International horizontal transfer of production technology systems

International horizontal transfer of production technology systems

Comparison of unused water and year-old used water for production of channel catfish in the biofloc technology system

Since excreted feed nitrogen is bio-transformed efficiently in a fully functional mixotrophic biofloc technology production system, re-using this biofloc water over multiple production cycles should be beneficial. The present study, conducted in an outdoor biofloc technology production system, evaluated impacts on fish production characteristics and mineral status, common microbial off-flavors, and water quality dynamics for channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) reared in one-year-old waters with low or high total suspended solids used previously for two consecutive catfish biofloc studies or in unused (new) water. Total suspended solids were maintained at 300 to 400 mg/L in the unused and low total suspended solids used water treatments and allowed to accumulate in the high total suspended solids used water treatment. Tanks (18.6 m2, 15.7 m3) were stocked with fingerlings (47.5 ± 0.8 g/fish) at 13.5 fish/m2 (16 fish/m3) and grown for 181 days. Channel catfish production characteristics did not differ significantly among treatments. Overall, gross fish yield averaged 10.2 kg/m3 and fish averaged 642 g/fish. Nitrate accumulation rate was affected by total suspended solids concentration with a significant reduction observed at the highest discharge of solids from the system, suggesting wash-out of nitrifiers. Treatment effects on water quality dynamics, macro- and trace-mineral status of water, feed, and fish, 2-methylisoborneol and geosmin off-flavors and associated phytoplankton populations also are discussed. Results of this study suggest that one-year-old biofloc water can be used without adverse impact for a second year of channel catfish production in the biofloc system.

Vínculo Estado-Sector tecnológico-Productivo y su contribución a la innovación en INTA Nicaragua 2013-2018

El Instituto Nicaragüense de Tecnología Agropecuaria INTA, creado en 1993; ha logrado a partir del año 2013 enfocarse hacia una dinámica orientada a la investigación, innovación y transferencia de tecnología con un enfoque de vinculación con el sector científico tecnológico del país, con el sector productivo y con todas las Instituciones del Sistema Nacional de Producción Consumo y Comercio. En este ensayo se muestran los principales resultados de procesos tecnológicos durante el período del 2013 al 2018, producto de la vinculación del INTA con una gran diversidad de actores internacionales, nacionales y locales; destacándose proceso y sub procesos eficientes especialmente en la generación de tecnologías, biotecnología, bioinsumos, Fito mejoramiento convencional y participativo; y sobre todo el vínculo con el sector productivo en Fincas de Innovación, Bancos Comunitarios de Semillas, Centros de Desarrollo Tecnológicos, Estaciones Experimentales. Finalmente se hace énfasis en los elementos más integradores de la estrategia de vinculación del INTA que evoluciona a hacia la especialización de vínculos por rubros, ejes temáticos sin obviar los sistemas tecnológicos de producción como la diversificación productiva ante los efectos de la variabilidad climática.

PENANGKARAN BENIH KENTANG BERMUTU SISTEM AEROPONIK DAN MEDIA STERIL DI DESA PANDANSARI KECAMATAN PAGUYANGAN KABUPATEN BREBES

National seed systems still relying on the conventional production system and still need to increase the capacity of efficient seed potatoes technology to achieve independence seed producers in potato production centers. Empowerment of seed breeders through aeroponic technology is expected to increase the motivation of people in the implementation of the national potato seed technology innovation. Activities include training to enlighten the knowledge aspect of aeroponic technology innovation and national potato seed system. Making demonstration plots and aeroponic systems sterile media net home with intensive support can convince the public of the benefits of aeroponic technology for seed potatoes and potato agribusiness community. In general, the activities have been carried out according to plan with the physical performance of the activity by 100%, and the implementation of training activities and demonstration plots rewind time because farmers are not ready due to the busyness of the growing season as well as the financing of late. Seed potato training activities held on July 19, 2014, in the House of Mr. Warsono. Training materials presented include Aeroponic Technology in Potato Breeding, Seed Potato System National Potato Cultivation Technology Conservation and Production Systems Business Media sterile in Potato Quality. Through the training forum also gathered information on the seed and potato cultivation by farmers as well as to evaluate the implementation of the technology transfer to the questionnaire questions in the form of pre-test and post-test. Increasing knowledge about seed potato growers in aeroponics, and also increase its capacity as seed kentan. Seed potatoes (seeding) is aeroponics and seeding potato in sterile media has been practiced by farmers and plants grow normally. Farmers optimistic partners can perform independently seed potatoes after following the steps in training activities.