Technology Development Efforts Research Articles

Design and Implementation of a Ka-band Folding Rib Mesh Antenna for CubeSats

In the past decade, CubeSats have undergone a revolution, moving from university research projects to enabling industry opportunities and government missions. In 2014, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (JPL/Caltech) initiated a research and technology development effort to advance CubeSat communication capabilities. One of the critical thrusts was the Ka-band parabolic deployable antenna (KaPDA). This antenna started with the ambitious goal of fitting a 42 dB, 0.5 m, 35 GHz antenna in a 1.5U canister. At that time, there had been minimal development in high-gain CubeSat antennas, critical for high-data-rate communications and remote sensing science. A Ka-band high-gain antenna would provide a 10,000 times increase in data communication rates over an X-band patch antenna and a 100 times increase over state-of-the-art S-band parabolic antennas. This paper discusses designing, building, integrating, and operating the flight antenna from a mechanical perspective, its final performance, and lessons learned. KaPDA enabled the RainCube mission, the first Earth Science CubeSat to have an active instrument. RainCube was launched in May 2018, making KaPDA the second deployable parabolic antenna to fly on a CubeSat and the first to operate in Ka-band, enabling follow-on opportunities for high-rate antenna communications and remote sensing science.

Application of Mixed/Augmented Reality in Interventional Cardiology.

This review explores the transformative applications of augmented reality (AR) and mixed reality (MR) technologies in interventional cardiology. The integration of these cutting-edge systems offers unprecedented potential to enhance visualization, guidance, and outcomes during complex cardiac interventional procedures. This review examines four key domains: (1) medical AR/MR systems and technological foundations; (2) clinical applications across procedures like TAVI, PCI, and electrophysiology mapping; (3) ongoing technology development and validation efforts; and (4) educational and training applications for fostering essential skills. By providing an in-depth analysis of the benefits, challenges, and future directions, this work elucidates the paradigm shift catalyzed by AR and MR in advancing interventional cardiology practices. Through meticulous exploration of technological, clinical, and educational implications, this review underscores the pivotal role of these innovative technologies in optimizing procedural guidance, improving patient outcomes, and driving innovation in cardiovascular care.

Bibliometric Analysis of Mobile Payment Technology Innovation in Financial Transaction Transformation

Mobile payment technology has become increasingly prevalent, reshaping the landscape of financial transactions globally. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore the trends, patterns, and dynamics surrounding mobile payment technology innovation. Through systematic data collection and analysis, key themes, influential authors, pivotal publications, and emerging topics in the field are identified and examined. The analysis reveals the transformative impact of mobile payment technology on financial systems, consumer behavior, and business models. Moreover, it underscores the significance of understanding the underlying factors influencing innovation in this domain. The findings provide valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, industry practitioners, and consumers, informing strategic decision-making and technological development efforts in the financial and technology sectors.

The Impact of Environmental Regulation and Technical Cognition on Farmers’ Adoption of Safety Agro-Utilization of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Farmland Soil

Regarding the large-scale heavy metal pollution in farmland, China has innovatively explored a farming measure governance approach of “production while repairing”. However, due to farmers’ difficulty breaking through conventional planting habits, the governance effects need to be more sustainable. Based on 447 survey data of farmers in 14 cadmium-polluted counties (cities) in Hunan Province, this paper uses the Bootstrap method to explore the impact of environmental regulation, technical cognition, and self-efficacy on farmers’ adoption of “variety–irrigation–pH” (VIP) technology. The results show the following: (1) Environmental regulation can effectively improve farmers’ adoption of VIP technology, and different types of regulation are classified as guidance regulation, constraint regulation, and incentive regulation according to the size of their impact. (2) Technical cognition mediates the environmental regulation process influencing farmers’ adoption. (3) In the process of environmental regulation influencing farmers’ adoption of irrigation and pH through technical cognition, the moderating effect of self-efficacy was positive. Enhance the strategic planning of environmental regulation, bolster technological research and development efforts, and nurture innovative agricultural entities that can promote the adoption of VIP technology. The results have practical significance for further guiding farmers to participate in treating heavy metal pollution.

TECHNOLOGY AS A CATALYST FOR SUPPORTING AGING WITH DISABILITY

Abstract Individuals aging with long-term disabilities may need support to perform and participate in everyday activities associated with well-being and quality of life. Technology solutions have potential to effectively promote autonomy and aging-in-place for this population. This symposium will highlight technology research and development efforts from the Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center on Technologies to Support Aging-in-Place for People with Long-Term Disabilities (RERC TechSAge). TechSAge is dedicated to understanding the needs of, and developing supportive technologies for people aging with long-term vision, hearing, and mobility disabilities. Mumma et al. will present insights from interviews of adults aging with vision loss due to glaucoma and macular degeneration regarding their challenges and response strategies for everyday activities. Lee et al. will discuss findings from interview data exploring how wisdom is manifested from the lived experiences of individuals aging with disability (i.e., hearing, vision, and mobility). Mitzner et al. will describe characteristics of the participant sample from a clinical trial examining the effect of a Tele Tai Chi intervention on physical activity and social connectedness for adults aging with long-term mobility disabilities. Sanford et al. will present the findings from three TechSAge pilot projects focused on the use of technology to support in-home rehabilitation for individuals aging with long-term upper extremity disabilities: DigiHand, KeyStroke, and 3DP for AT. Together these studies illustrate the needs and coping strategies of older adults with disabilities and the potential of technology to support those needs. This is a collaborative symposium between the Lifelong Disabilities and Technology and Aging Interest Groups.

A Systems Evaluation Model for the Development of Companion Diagnostics and Associated Molecularly Targeted Therapies

PurposeMonoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are important active ingredients of molecularly targeted drugs, which are only effective for specific patient groups. Early assessment of their effectiveness is important for more efficient use of time and resources. Companion diagnostics (CDx) are medical devices or tests to identify groups of promising patients based on specific biomarkers. This work offers a systems evaluation model and a comprehensive assessment from multiple stakeholder perspectives.MethodsThis work introduces a new systems model for assessing available treatment options. Process system diagrams, consisting of independently defined unit structures, are applied to represent the expected decision points and outcomes. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify the critical requirements for achieving cost-effectiveness. The model was applied to a case of terminal colorectal cancer treatment to compare mAb drugs to standard therapy.ResultsThe results showed that from the payers’ perspective, the cost and response rates of the mAb drug were critical parameters to improve for achieving the target cost-effectiveness. The results give quantitative guidance for the required improvement.ConclusionThis work represents an important step towards a fair and systematic assessment of treatment alternatives and serves as a guideline for future CDx and therapy technology development efforts.

The development and application of UAV intelligent machine learning system based on artificial intelligence

In the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, some scholars proposed to integrate artificial intelligence and UAV technology together, comprehensively improve the application technology level of UAV, and truly meet the needs of information collection and processing in different fields. According to the application of UAV technology means in recent years, whether in the military field or the civil field, UAV has a very broad prospect for development. Intelligent UAV will replace the traditional UAV in a comprehensive way. Therefore, Chinese scientific research field should strengthen the integration of artificial intelligence and UAV technology research and development efforts, so as to guide the sustainable and healthy development of our UAV cause. After understanding the advantages of artificial intelligence and UAV technology, this paper mainly explores the development and application of UAV intelligent machine learning system according to the existing UAV technical means and artificial intelligence algorithm, and takes the UAV intelligent machine learning system in the agricultural field as an example to effectively verify the reliability of the application algorithm.

Modifikasi Desain Konstruksi Alat Bending V Dengan Sistem Hidro Pneumatik

Many forms of technological development aim to answer the need for human work efficiency, so an effective technology development effort is very necessary. As the times progress, of course, there are many changes, especially in science and technology, which may have shifted completely in the industrial area, meaning that in this change it is necessary to require extra operations, namely human labor replaced by machine power. One of them is a plate bending machine or what is called a bending machine. The purpose of this program according to the formulation of the problem above is to maximize the drive system and bending system so that the bent plates form a 90° angle. This research includes several things such as sketching or drawing of bending tools to be modified, as for what we modified, namely the replacement of the top and a larger bottom plate so that the pressing system functions properly, as well as the replacement on the spring so that it matches the load received by the spring. After determining the form of the construction design of the plate bending tool, then determine the concept of each main component of the plate bending tool in order to get maximum and good bending results. The data from the test results of this portable bending tool were tested with different plate thicknesses, namely 2 mm, 3 mm and 4 mm plates. Tests were performed on each thickness using the maximum bending line. Based on the tests carried out using this bending tool that the drive system works optimally and the bending system works properly and the maximum bending on a plate with a thickness of 4mm can be bending at the right angle of 90° is said to work optimally.

Tell me who your contacts are, or what can we learn from standard setting in the context of COVID-19 tracing apps

At the beginning of the pandemic, digital contact tracing was a much-hoped-for initiative that spurred a myriad of apps. Despite a great theoretical promise, however, the tool fell short of significant impact and, essentially, came to nothing. The technological development effort has attracted much scholarly and media attention and coverage. This article seeks to contribute to this growing body of knowledge by approaching the topic from a largely unexplored perspective. It examines the emergence of digital contact tracing as a standard setting exercise, focusing on key actors, processes of technical specification development and data protection assessment of technological choices. It also explores the governance attributes of standard settings from the perspective of data protection law. Given a potential of a technical standard to act as a regulatory means, it is proposed that the governance and legitimacy issues should receive much more consideration. It is believed that for a technical solution to stand the competition for a regulatory share and succeed in the future, the values of inclusiveness, transparency, accountability and openness should be meaningfully internalised in the very process of its development.

Overview of hydrogen storage and transportation technology in China

In response to the global climate change and the need for green and low-carbon development, hydrogen energy has been recognized as a clean energy source that can achieve carbon neutrality unlike fossil fuels. As a country with a shortage of energy resources, the development of hydrogen energy is of significant importance for China to adjust its energy structure and accelerate the new era of energy transformation. Based on the development of China's hydrogen energy industry, this paper elaborates on the current status and development trends of key technologies in the entire industrial chain of hydrogen energy in various stages including production, storage, transportation, and application, and identifies the problems and challenges of hydrogen energy development. The paper focuses on the analysis of hydrogen storage and transportation application scenarios and clarifies the selection of hydrogen storage and transportation technologies in different scenarios. To achieve healthy development of China's hydrogen energy industry, it is necessary to strengthen top-level design, make strategic planning, encourage large-scale state-owned energy enterprises to play a leading role, promote the development of the entire industry chain, increase technological research and development efforts, prevent the risk of core technology constraints, and vigorously promote the application of hydrogen energy to realize the construction of a hydrogen energy society.

REIMAGINING AGING WITH DISABILITY THROUGH TECHNOLOGY

Abstract Individuals aging with long-term disabilities are likely to require support for managing challenges with everyday activities. To effectively promote independence and aging-in-place for this population, we must consider innovative technology solutions that go beyond traditional direct care services. This symposium will highlight technology research and development efforts from the Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center on Technologies to Support Aging-in-Place for People with Long-Term Disabilities (RERC TechSAge). TechSAge is an interdisciplinary collaboration between Georgia Tech, the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, and Georgia State University, dedicated to understanding the needs of, and developing supportive technologies for people aging with long-term vision, hearing, and mobility disabilities. First, Remillard et al., will present interview findings from individuals aging with long-term vision loss on challenges performing instrumental activities of daily living. Next, Mitzner et al., will describe TechSAge research-driven guidelines for designing and delivering wellness classes via video-conferencing to older adults with and without disabilities. Blocker et al., will highlight a field trial evaluating how digital home assistants (e.g., Amazon Echo devices) and smart home devices, along with user-friendly support guides, can support older adults with mobility disabilities at home. Finally, Jones et al., will describe the latest feature of the SmartBathroom laboratory – a SmartBathing Transfer Testbed prototype that will enable us to study of how different bathing environment configurations can impact transfer performance. Margaret Campbell (Retired Senior Scientist for Planning and Policy Support, National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research) will serve as the discussant for the symposium.

Application and Development of Autonomous Robots in Concrete Construction: Challenges and Opportunities

Updated concrete construction robots are designed to optimize equipment operation, improve safety, enhance workspace awareness, and further ensure a proper working environment for construction workers. The importance of concrete construction robots has been constantly highlighted, as they have a profound impact on construction quality and efficiency. Autonomous vehicle driving monitoring has been widely employed in concrete construction robots; however, they lack clear relevance to the key functions in the building process. This paper aims to bridge this knowledge gap by systematically classifying and summarizing the existing concrete construction robots, analyzing their existing problems, and providing direction for their future development. The prescription criteria and selection of robots depend on the concrete construction process, which includes six common functional levels: distribution, leveling and compaction, floor finishing, surface painting, 3D printing, and surveillance. Misunderstood functions and the improper adjustment of construction robots may lead to increased cost, reduced effectiveness, and restricted application scenarios. Our review identifies current commercial and recently studied concrete construction robots to facilitate the standardization and optimization of robotic construction design. Moreover, this study may be able to guide future research and technology development efforts for autonomous robots in concrete construction.

Recovery of Rare Earth Element from Acid Mine Drainage Using Organo-Phosphorus Extractants and Ionic Liquids

Acid mine drainage is a legacy environmental issue and one of the largest pollutants in many mining districts throughout the world. In prior work, the authors have developed a process for the recovery of critical materials, including the rare earth elements, from acid mine drainage using a preconcentration step followed by solvent extraction as a concentration and purification technology. As part of the downstream technology development efforts, we have synthesized a suite of ionic liquid extractants that facilitate greater separation factors leading to lower capital costs and reduced environmental impacts. This article provides a comparison of the conventional extractants D2EHPA, EHEHPA and C572 with their respective ionic liquids [c101][D2EHP,c101][EHEHP] and [c101][C572] for the recovery of rare earth elements from acid mine drainage. In the study, laboratory-scale, multi-contact solvent extraction tests were conducted at high and low extractant/dosages. The results show that the ionic liquids varied in performance, with [c101][D2EHP] and [c101][EHEHP] performing poorer than their conventional counterparts and [c101][c572] performing better. Recommendations for further study on [c101][c572] include stripping tests, continuous pilot testing, and techno-economic analysis.

Novel highly-multiplexed AmpliSeq targeted assay for Plasmodium vivax genetic surveillance use cases at multiple geographical scales.

Although the power of genetic surveillance tools has been acknowledged widely, there is an urgent need in malaria endemic countries for feasible and cost-effective tools to implement in national malaria control programs (NMCPs) that can generate evidence to guide malaria control and elimination strategies, especially in the case of Plasmodium vivax. Several genetic surveillance applications (‘use cases’) have been identified to align research, technology development, and public health efforts, requiring different types of molecular markers. Here we present a new highly-multiplexed deep sequencing assay (Pv AmpliSeq). The assay targets the 33-SNP vivaxGEN-geo panel for country-level classification, and a newly designed 42-SNP within-country barcode for analysis of parasite dynamics in Vietnam and 11 putative drug resistance genes in a highly multiplexed NGS protocol with easy workflow, applicable for many different genetic surveillance use cases. The Pv AmpliSeq assay was validated using: 1) isolates from travelers and migrants in Belgium, and 2) routine collections of the national malaria control program at sentinel sites in Vietnam. The assay targets 229 amplicons and achieved a high depth of coverage (mean 595.7 ± 481) and high accuracy (mean error-rate of 0.013 ± 0.007). P. vivax parasites could be characterized from dried blood spots with a minimum of 5 parasites/µL and 10% of minority-clones. The assay achieved good spatial specificity for between-country prediction of origin using the 33-SNP vivaxGEN-geo panel that targets rare alleles specific for certain countries and regions. A high resolution for within-country diversity in Vietnam was achieved using the designed 42-SNP within-country barcode that targets common alleles (median MAF 0.34, range 0.01-0.49. Many variants were detected in (putative) drug resistance genes, with different predominant haplotypes in the pvmdr1 and pvcrt genes in different provinces in Vietnam. The capacity of the assay for high resolution identity-by-descent (IBD) analysis was demonstrated and identified a high rate of shared ancestry within Gia Lai Province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, as well as between the coastal province of Binh Thuan and Lam Dong. Our approach performed well in geographically differentiating isolates at multiple spatial scales, detecting variants in putative resistance genes, and can be easily adjusted to suit the needs in other settings in a country or region. We prioritize making this tool available to researchers and NMCPs in endemic countries to increase ownership and ensure data usage for decision-making and malaria policy.

Digital Economy, Industry Heterogeneity, and Service Industry Resource Allocation

Based on the traditional framework of resource mismatch theory analysis and existing literature studies, this paper constructs a model of resource mismatch efficiency loss including the digitalization factor of the service industry, measures the resource mismatch of China’s service industry and its sub-sectors, and empirically analyzes the impact of digital economy development on resource mismatch of service industry using panel data of each sub-sector of China’s service industry from 2001 to 2020. The findings reveal that: (1) Resource mismatch exists in China’s service industry, and the degree of mismatch of capital is more serious than that of labor. (2) Traditional service industries with low digitalization have serious efficiency losses, while emerging service industries with high digitalization have almost no efficiency losses. (3) The increase in the development of the digital economy can significantly improve the resource mismatch in the service industry; appropriate government intervention can improve the capital mismatch but not the labor mismatch; the increase in the proportion of state-owned enterprises is conducive to improving the labor mismatch but not the capital mismatch. Meanwhile, the results of the industry heterogeneity test show that the increase in the digital economy can improve the resource mismatch of both emerging and traditional service industries, but the improvement is more obvious for emerging service industries. Therefore, in the context of the development of the digital economy, we make the following suggestions. The government intervenes appropriately in the capital market, develops emerging service industries, and formulates different digital transformation policies for different industries. Relevant enterprises increase their efforts in technology research and development, and actively explore the direction of digital transformation of service industries. The government and enterprises work together to promote the improvement of China’s economic development level.

Great Power Competition from the perspective of the United States of America at the beginning of the third decade of 21st century

In the area of security and defense, the turn of the second and third decade of the 21st century has been characterized by intensifying competition of economic and military powers. The United States of America competes with China and the Russian Federation in various fields of the functioning of states and international relations, aimed at shaping the security architecture as well as standards, practices and spheres of influence that will enable them to exercise hegemony over the widest possible area of the globe. As predicted, the ongoing competition over the next few decades will cause tensions not only on the Washington – Beijing and Washington – Moscow lines, but also in Africa, the Arctic, Europe as well as in cyberspace and space. The renewed rivalry between the great powers has officially reoriented the US security and defense priorities towards the need to prepare the country for increasing challenges. The leadership of the US Department of Defense made it a priority to prepare its armed forces for potential confrontation with other powers. This goal was the basis of all the military reforms carried out, the concept of its functioning, the modernization processes of military equipment, as well as the directions of technological research and development efforts of the domestic arms industry. According to all forecasts and analyses, in the long-term perspective these issues will be at the center of deliberations by politicians and expert circles.

Guest Editorial Introduction to JSTQE Issue on Nanobiophotonics

The papers in this special section focus on nanobiophotonics. This is an emerging field of modern science and biomedical nanotechnology. This new field continues to vastly expand with state-of-the-art developments across the entire spectrum of biomedical applications ranging from fundamental studies of light-nanobiomaterial interactions to clinical diagnostics and therapeutics. In nanobiophotonics research areas, there has been a great impetus recently for the development of noninvasive imaging and sensing of intracellular structures and cellular functions as well as obtaining quantitative information for light-tissue interactions at the cellular, intracellular, and molecular level. Existing photonics technologies provide unique capabilities for investigating these scientific questions in terms of using non-ionizing optical radiation for providing noninvasive intracellular, cellular, and tissue imaging, and in-vivo sensing with ultrahigh resolution in the subwavelength nanoscale range (smaller than 100 nm). Furthermore, recent technology development efforts leverage the advanced features of photonics to move beyond the diffraction limit, providing sub-nanometer resolution into cellular processes.

Exploratory Study of Process Development in Technology Transfer Evidence from Automotive Firms

The topic of technology transfer is important in the context of developing and emerging economies as successful technology transfer and local technological development efforts can play a crucial role in the economic development of a recipient country to value added its products or activities. Technology transfer process is an integration process which involved the technology provider, receiver, object of transfer and transfer mechanisms. However, previous researches showed that the failure of technology transfer mainly caused by several factors. This research explored the development process of technology transfer from the joint venture companiesof the automotive firms in Malaysia. Technology transfer process development will be assessed in a holistic way beginning with the in depth understanding on the process of technology transfer and key challenges during the development process that contributed to the success in the perspectives of Organizational Learning, Knowledge Based View and Resource Based View. These theories were important point of view to categorize the process that contributedtothe success of technology transfer development. This research contributed several theoretical, empirical and methodological (modified Delphi method) values to the literature on the factors related to transfer technology success, and evolutionary process of technology transfer. Instead of development process, this research also identifiedthekey challenges during the process and recommendation on how to overcome them. Semi-structured interviews were conducted against 12 participants from automotive firms, consisted of R&D staffs, Top Management, Designers, Engineers and Technicians, including the experts from government agencies related to technology transfer activities. This study will present relevant contributions to the company’s top management, technology transfer practitioners, policy makers, along with the researchers who were interested to get involved directly in the process of technology transfer. This research originality lies in the proposed framework of a technology transfer process development in joint venture as a business strategy.

Space Nuclear Propulsion Fuel and Moderator Development Plan Conceptual Testing Reference Design

As future U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) missions aim for destinations farther out into the solar system, space nuclear propulsion (SNP), and in particular nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP), is the only feasible near-term technology able to provide specific impulses of 900 s or greater and thrust in the range of tens of thousands of pounds. To maximize the success of the SNP program as a whole, a Fuel and Moderator Development Plan (FMDP) was created to mature mission critical technology, such as the reactor fuel form and moderator material. This technical note details the conceptual testing reference design that provides the basis for the FMDP for future design and testing activities to meet NASA’s goals. Through this work BWX Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries, referred to as BWXT, continue to be an integral part of government space nuclear programs and has historically been a part of major design, manufacturing, and testing developments. As an example, during the 1990s BWXT supported fuel development for the Space NTP (SNTP) program, an advanced technology development effort aimed at providing the nation with a new and dramatically higher performing rocket engine that would more than double the performance of the best conventional chemical rocket engines. Since 2017, BWXT has been participating in the NASA SNP program for the low-enrichment uranium NTP rocket engine as part of its Game Changing Development feasibility conceptual design program and now more recently Technology Demonstration Mission.

Review on Reactor Configurations for Adsorption-Based CO2 Capture

Adsorption-based CO2 capture has enjoyed considerable research attention in recent years. Most of the research efforts focused on sorbent development to reduce the energy penalty. However, the use of suitable gas–solid contacting systems is key for extracting the full potential from the sorbent to minimize operating and capital costs and accelerate the commercial deployment of the technology. This paper reviews several reactor configurations that were proposed for adsorption-based CO2 capture. The fundamental behavior of adsorption in different gas–solid contactors (fixed, fluidized, moving, or rotating beds) and regeneration under different modes (pressure, temperature, or combined swings) is discussed, highlighting the strengths and limitations of different combinations of gas–solid contactor and regeneration mode. In addition, the estimated energy duties in published studies and current technology readiness level of the different reactor configurations are reported. Other aspects, such as the reactor footprint, the operation strategy, suitability to retrofits, and the ability to operate under flexible loads are also discussed. In terms of future work, the key research need is a standardized techno-economic benchmarking study to calculate CO2 avoidance costs for different adsorption technologies under standardized assumptions. Qualitatively, each technology presents several strengths and weaknesses that make it impossible to identify a clear optimal solution. Such a standardized quantitative comparison is therefore needed to focus on future technology development efforts.