Techniques In Geography Research Articles

Urban disease ecology and its spatial variation of Chikungunya in Madurai City, Tamilnadu, India: a geo-medical study

Medical Geography today draws on the concepts and techniques of geography, and epitomes the interdisciplinary nature of urban health discipline. Chikungunya is one of the Vector-borne diseases and today it continues to remain an important public health problem in Madurai city. It is a mosquito-borne viral infection caused by the Chikungunya Virus (CHKV). The sudden onset of very high fever along with a rash and severe arthralgia especially in the small joints of hands and toes are the characteristics of the disease. The study area, Madurai is the oldest and second-largest city in Tamil Nadu situated on the banks of river Vaigai in the south-central part of Tamil Nadu, India. The main objectives were to identify the major disease zones concerning Chikungunya cases and to observe the related urban ecological and environmental conditions. The study also aimed to derive a conceptual framework towards strengthening, control and sustainable development of the urban landscape. The data collected were taken by using the method of stratified Random sampling and a total of 600 samples were collected. Standard score (Z-score) technique was used to describe the relationship between the sets of variables and total conditions of selected urban environmental variables. It includes mapping of the disease using GIS software of Arc GIS. Apart from this, the multi-variant statistical technique, factor analysis is used to find the major associations and interrelationship between Chikungunya and people. The twelve factors rotated by explaining the varimax procedure registered more than 89.83 percent of the total variance. Among these, the first factor alone accounted for 33.52 percent of the total variance and eigenvalue of 21.45 was qualified as the primary factor. Our study concludes that in Madurai city’s built-up area, a landscape environment of transmission of Chikungunya epidemics with a high prevalence is noted since it is associated with urban environmental factors.

For a Geographic Engineering: from technique in geography to a technical geography

Este artigo propõe a engenharia geográfica como alternativa para (re)inserir o Geógrafo no mercado de trabalho de constantes e intensas transformações. Correlaciona as atribuições do geógrafo com outras categorias profissionais, evidencia sua baixa representatividade no mercado e fatores que limitam seu reconhecimento e desempenho profissional. No cenário de constantes e intensas transformações, que priorizam as tecnologias e profissionais técnicos e pragmáticos, é notória a ascensão dos cursos de engenharias. A proposta da engenharia geográfica não é vista como mais uma tendência, e sim como opção para promover autonomia, superar crises, capacitação tecnológica e um eficiente desempenho profissional.

Ocupação na zona costeira do sul de Santa Catarina: uma análise histórica de vetores e processos

A ocupação e uso do solo como processos que seguem padrões vinculados ao contexto histórico e às características naturais e humanas de uma região. O objetivo deste trabalho foi, a partir de entrevistas, observações de campo e construção de SIG, identificar os vetores de mudança e compreender a dinâmica de ocupação em dois municípios da zona costeira sul de Santa Catarina. Os padrões de uso encontrados foram classificados e mapeados. Na área rural, o acesso, a subdivisão de propriedades da agricultura familiar e o aumento de áreas para uso rural são os principais vetores de mudanças. Na porção próxima a orla a implantação da infraestrutura nos loteamentos litorâneos, que ocupam quase a totalidade dos 32 km de costa, com 60 mil lotes registrados, foi o fator detectado que mais influência teve nas mudanças de uso e cobertura. Nas sedes urbanas, as várias trajetórias na história de ocupação geraram diferenças na sua atual formação populacional e nos vetores que do recente crescimento urbano.

Physical geography techniques: a self‐paced university course

Abstract The growth of interest in, and use of, field and laboratory techniques in the various branches of physical geography have led to the development of a second‐year course at Southampton University. A self‐paced format has been adopted in preference to traditional lecture and practical instruction, and the development of the course, its objectives and the methods of assessment devised are reviewed in the light of the experience gained during four years of operation. A tape‐slide programme is used as the core of each of 12 units. The instruction and exercises are provided in weekly workbooks, and assessment of the course includes a seen examination paper devoted to subjects not included in detail in the course.

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:Quantitative Techniques in Geography: An Introduction, by Robert Hammond and Patrick S. McCullagh. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1974. xvi + 318 pp. $18.50. $5.95 paper.; An Introduction to Quantitative Analysis in Human Geography, by Maurice Yeates.Remote Sensing: Techniques for Environmental Analysis, edited by John E. Estes and Leslie W. Senger.Suburbanization Dynamics and the Future of the City, edited by James W. Hughes.The Geography of Crime and Justice, by Keith D. Harries.The Agricultural Systems of the World: An Evolutionary Approach, by David Grigg.BMDP Biomedical Computer Programs, edited by W. J. Dixon.Spatial Perspectives on Industrial Organization and Decision‐making, edited by F. E. Ian Hamilton.Mental Maps, by Peter Gould and Rodney White.

Quantitative techniques in geography, by R. Hammond and P. S. McCullagh. Pp xvi, 318. £2·75. 1974. SBN 0 19 874007 7 (Oxford University Press)

Quantitative techniques in geography, by R. Hammond and P. S. McCullagh. Pp xvi, 318. £2·75. 1974. SBN 0 19 874007 7 (Oxford University Press)

Book reviews

Abstract Book reviewed in this article: Qualities of Communities Life. Roger G. Barker and Phil Schoggen. Topophilia: A Study of Environmental Perception, Attitudes and Values. Yi-Fu Tuan. The Linguistic Atlas of the Upper Midwest. Volume 1. Harolad B. Allen. Residential and Neighbourhood Studies in Victoria. C. N. Forward (Ed.). Social Patterns in Cities. Compiled by B. D. Clark and M. B. Gleave. Community Participation and the Spatial Order of the City. David Ley (Ed.). Red Capitalism: An Analysis of the Navajo Economy. Kent Gilbreath. Regional Growth and Industrial Location. Leonard F. Wheat. Transport for the Space Economy; A Geographical Study. Allan Hay. Geographie des Transports. Maurice Wolkowitsch. Urban and Regional Models in Geography and Planning. A. G. Wilson. Location Criteria for High Schools. Fred L. Hall. Space-Time Concepts in Urban and Regional Models. E. L. Cripps (Ed.). Fluvial Processes in Instrumental Watersheds: Studies of Small Watersheds in the British Isles. K. J. Gregory and D. E. Walling (Eds.). One-Dimensional Central Place Theory. M. F. Dacey, O. Davies, R. Flowerdew, J. Huff, A. Ko, and J. Pipkin. Developments in Geographical Method; Data Collection; Data Description and Presentation; and Data Use and Interpretation. Brian P. FitzGerald, Richard Daugherty, Peter Davis, and Patrick McCullagh. Quantitative Techniques in Geography: An Introduction. R. Hammond and P. S. McCullagh. An Introduction to Quantitative Analysis in Human Geography. Maurice Yeates. Primary Producers in Grassland Ecosystems. James K. Lewis.

Mathematization and the Geographic Method

AbstractA Moscow University geographer, known for his advocacy of a unity of geography, challenges the notion advanced by Gurevich and Saushkin [Soviet Geography, April 1966] that the mathematization of geography will give rise to a new geographic discipline known as mathematical geography. Anuchin argues that new disciplines can arise only on the basis of a distinctive study object and that mathematical geography would actually deal with the same object of study as geography as a whole. Though granting the usefulness of the mathematical method in some aspects of geography, Anuchin maintains that mathematics will be used simply as one more auxiliary technique in geography and that, like all secondary methods, it will have to be subordinated to the basic geographic method that is the methodological foundation of geography. Anuchin distinguishes two basic research tendencies in geography. One is concerned with the identification and analysis of general forms and patterns, and it is in this area that mathema...

Regression Techniques in Geography

Regression Techniques in Geography

Telecasting Techniques in Geography

Telecasting Techniques in Geography

The Supervision of Teaching in Geography

How shall we proceed to plan an intelligent supervision tech nique in geography ? It is easy to state the answer to this trouble some question, but very difficult to make our answer function. In order to supervise any subject well we must observe the prin ciples of supervision, and we must know something concerning the subject-matter. In this paper it is assumed that the follow ing principles of supervision are valid. Then supervision should ( 1 ) help the teacher to meet the difficulties ; (2) help her to place major emphasis on that which is most important and minor emphasis on that which is less important; (3) encourage and stimulate her by continually pointing out the value of the subject matter to life values in general; (4) suit the character of the subject-matter to the needs and capacities of the children. These principles are easy to state but they are difficult to exe cute so far as geography is concerned. What are the difficul ties in the learning and teaching of geography? What are the major and minor elements of the subject? Just what shall we expect of geography as contributing to the general values of life? How should the subject be graded? The purpose of the investigation to be described here was to attempt to obtain a more definite and intelligent answer to some of these questions. The method used was that of a survey of what teachers and supervisors expect pupils to know about geography as evidenced by the questions they ask. Three hun dred and sixty-eight test and examination papers were studied. The papers included those used in thirty-nine eighth-grade diploma examinations and those used in grades four to seven in thirty-seven village and twenty city systems.