Techniques Of Self Research Articles

Vorticist Confucianism: Ezra Pound’s translation practice in Confucius as modernist self-fashioning

ABSTRACT This article argues that Ezra Pound’s Confucius, which brings together his translations of three classics of Confucian philosophy (The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, and the Analects), can be read as a form of modernist self–fashioning. The work enacts many of Pound’s early Vorticist aesthetic principles, but does so in a way that makes the translator an obtrusive character who talks back to and appropriates these ancient texts as vehicles for his aesthetic ideology. This ironic, meta–historical practice of translation can, I contend, be understood as a kind of Foucauldian “technology of the self”–i.e., a technique of self–understanding that alters and gives new meaning to life and character. Speaking through the texts he oth embodies Confucianism but also subsumes them to the vortex of meanings we associate with the writer Ezra Pound. Moreover, in crafting himself as an American Confucian steeped in transcultural imaginings (American, European, and Chinese), Pound’s translation practice in Confucius develops around a set of concerns that are still relevant to the contemporary world—i.e., the rise of the global subject, the return of authoritarianism and decline of American liberal democracy, and the problematic role of tradition(s) in forging a new, global aesthetic vision.

Admixture-based self-compacted concrete with self-curing concrete techniques a state of art of review

The article is completely focused on the upto date development on composite materials with different optimization and curing techniques of Self Compacting Concrete (SCC); inorder to make the SCC highly durable, economical, with good rheological properties and feasible for current construction application. The key developments of concrete was attaining a proper mix proportions for the prescribed target mean strength but unlike normally vibrated concrete (NVC) SCC does not have the mix design code for obtaining the mix proportions for the required target strength. The pozzolanic materials that are generated from various types of industries were considered as a hazardous waste dumping material, which makes the huge negative impact on environment. Utilizing these pozzolans and converting them into productive material can save the environment and also be helpful in developing the high performance concrete. Hence a detailed literature survey has been carried out on unary, binary and ternary pozzolans that were used as a replacement for conventional materials (cement and fine aggregate) of concrete. The study was also made on self-curing technique imparted with SCC, which can further enhance the performance of concrete. Since Consumption of water in construction field is enormous especially for curing and developing flowable concrete; so to develop a sustainable concrete it is important to bend the different optimization techniques. Hence the study was done on several proposed methods of mix design procedures, material used, curing techniques and statistical modelling in developing optimized mix proportions. The detailed literature study serves as a flat forum for attaining a complete knowledge on updated trending in SCC, curing techniques and to suggest the area that can be improvised and for identifying the research gap for developing the innovative product in fields of SCC.

From effluvia to chemicals: techniques of self and somatic ethics in tropical health travel narratives

ABSTRACT Recent environmental humanities scholarship has argued that environmental illness memoirs perform important cultural work by recasting health as an environmental issue. In this article, I show how EI autobiography hearkens back to a longer tradition of health travel with deep colonial resonances. I explore such connections by means of a comparative analysis of two health travel narratives: The first, A winter in the West Indies and Florida, is an anonymous tract by a self-described ‘northern invalid’ dealing with his travels to the Caribbean as a remedy for his chronic pulmonary problems during the late 1830s. The second, drawn from a collection by disability activist Aurora Levins Morales, details the author’s healing journey to Cuba during the summer of 2009. I argue that, while A Winter points forward to modern sociobiology, Levins Morales’s narrative should be read as issuing from a biosocial community of EI sufferers. Finally, attending to the continuities and differences between EI autobiographies may deepen current debates on trans-corporeality, which tend to assume a direct relation between non-dualistic epistemologies and somatic ethics. In this sense, the article can be read as a commentary on overly rights-based approaches to illness and Q1 disability in the present biochemical age.

Multi-Mode Lasers for Self-Forced Opto-Electronic Oscillators in Compact Frequency Synthesizers

Advanced telecommunication, imaging, and remote sensing systems require reliable ultra-high stability local oscillators. Particularly, coherent detection of digital data signals relies on a low aperture jitter of local oscillators in addition to high signal to noise ratio to achieve a very low bit-error-rate (BER). Frequency stabilized local oscillators are required with phase noise of smaller than −120 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset carrier and low aperture jitters of below 50 fs for RF sources of 10 GHz. Self-forced opto-electronic oscillation techniques of self- injection locking (SIL) combined with self-phase locking (SPLL) employ low loss long optical delays for frequency stabilizations through comparison of instantaneous signals and delayed versions. A compact design of multi-mode laser (MML) is presented here by employing self-forced oscillation combined with self-mode locking of an MML. Proof of concept of this novel approach is reported using a custom designed InGaAsP/InP chip using Smart Photonics foundry service, where multi-quantum well semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA), carrier injection based phase modulator (PM), front and back (a common) distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR), and external electro-absorption modulators (EAM) are designed and physically modeled based on the foundry process design kit (PDK). A compact realization of self-mode locked MML with 5 modes to a fixed inter-modal oscillation frequency is presented, where the beat notes of the inter-modal oscillation are generated over X-band to form a frequency stabilized synthesizer. The PM bias control of two MLL lasers with common DBR is used to tune this opto-electronic oscillator from 11 GHz to 13 GHz with a frequency resolution of 110 kHz. Self-forced oscillation techniques of SILPLL combined with self-mode-locking (SML) has provided frequency synthesis with measured phase noise at 10 kHz offset (and aperture jitter) improved from −36 dBc/Hz (58ps) for the free-running MML to −92 dBc/Hz (68 fs) using SILPLL and SML of only 5 correlated modes. Analytical modeling has predicted that increasing the number of self-mode-locking modes from 5 to 13 will result in 18 dB improvement in phase noise. Performance comparison of this opto-electronic frequency synthesis method is made against various commercially available X-band frequency synthesizers that use full electrical solutions.

Living Precariously in the African Postcolony: Debt and Labor Relations in the Films of Mahamat-Saleh Haroun

This article argues that Daratt (2006) and Un homme qui crie (2010), two films by Mahamat-Saleh Haroun, direct attention toward globalization processes in the African postcolony at the level of the male subject and body and as iterated through masculine techniques of self. It considers the film Daratt as a cinematic reflection on debt relations, shifting the critical discussion from vengeance in the context of the Chadian civil war and toward the neoliberal governmentalities of debt. The analysis of Un homme qui crie reads the film as a study of the impact of immaterial violence and abstract injury on the life of Adam, the protagonist, who loses his job and psychosocial grounding when the hotel where he works is privatized. Taken together, these films render cinematically the affective atmospheres generated in an African context of debt, normalized warfare, and precarity. Moreover, they give attention to the somatic and social subjectivities of fathers and sons who are shaken by changing configurations of patriarchy, family, and nation.

The power of psychiatry: a service user’s first person account and perspective

ABSTRACTDr. Ben Gray is an academic and researcher in the field of mental health and was also diagnosed (or rather labelled) with schizophrenia in 2003, when he spent a total of 12 months in a mental health hospital. In this article, he relates his personal experience and story to make a polemical and admittedly one-sided case against traditional psychiatry and compulsory medical treatment. He ties his experience to a modern anti-psychiatry inspired by the radical works of Laing, Szasz, Basaglia and Foucault, explores what Laing might call a contemporary ‘politics of experience’. He concludes that there needs to be more attention paid to voice hearers’ stories and accounts of mental illness, which he links to the rise of democratic psychiatry and the growth of the hearing voices movement, headed by organisations such as Intervoice, Asylum Magazine, MindFreedom, Working to Recovery and the Hearing Voices Network. This personal account is also written partly in response to The Power of Psychiatry, by P. Miller and N. Rose (1986, Cambridge: Polity) and Governing the Soul: The shaping of the private self, by N. Rose (1999, London: Free Association Books), that suggest a growth in subtle, gentle and confessional ‘techniques of self’ (such as talking therapies, counselling, psychotherapy and cognitive behavioural therapy) to regulate ‘problem populations’ such as those with mild mental illness. This personal account suggests that psychiatry is the opposite because it is paternalistic, forced, coercive, disempowering and punitive against people with severe mental illness under Section.

FOUCAULT E A EDUCAÇÃO: ENTRE O PODER DISCIPLINAR E AS TÉCNICAS DE SI (É POSSÍVEL EDUCAR PARA A LIBERDADE?)

This text works on two Foucault’s relevant theoretical concepts: disciplinary power and techniques of the self. The aim is to show that understanding this certainly helps to think the kind of education one wants, as education is an important part of the devices of power-knowledge and techniques of the self that make up human subjectivity. The hypothesis is that school education tied to disciplinary power produces obedient and docile subjectivities; and school education tied to the techniques of the self lead to the formation of autonomous subjectivities. In order to achieve that, we seek to articulate the concepts of disciplinary power and education, and techniques of self and education, as a binary relation between these concepts, from which a new look emerges to the educational context from Foucault’s theoretical work. This allowed us to point out that it is important to give up the disciplinary paradigm in the educational field and bet more on paradigms that point to freedom, to formation and self-formation, as we believe in freedom and never in subjection, regardless of what kind it is. Recebido em: 18/07/2017.Aprovado em:10/06/2018.

Association of Phantom Vibration and Ringing Syndrome and Job-Related Stress among Nurses in Al-Nasiriyah City

Objectives: The study aims to: (1) assess the prevalence of phantom vibration and ringing syndrome amongnurses, (2) determine the level of job-related stress among those nurses who are working at teaching hospitals inAl- Nasiriyah city, and (3) identify the association between job-related stress and experience of phantomvibration and ringing syndrome.Methodology: : A descriptive design, cross-sectional study was used for the present study was carried outfrom 4th December, 2017 to the 4th April, 2018 in order to determine the association of PhantomVibration and Ringing Syndrome with Job - Related Stress among nurses at Teaching Hospitals in AlNasiriyahCity , on a purposive (non-probability) sample was used in this study that composed of (600) nurseswho are working in the morning and night shifts . Data were collected by using the technique of self –administrative report was consisted of four parts: ' socio-demographic characteristics for the nurses, factorsthat are related to mobile use among the nurses , phantom vibration and ringing syndrome scale and job –related stress scale . The validity of the questionnaire was obtained through a panel of experts and theinternal consistency reliability was achieved through the application of Alpha Correlation Coefficient (r=0.76)which was statistically acceptable.Results: The finding of the study revealed that phantom vibration and ringing syndrome are experiencedmoderately among nurses evidenced by significant level among all items of the scale, there were nosignificant association between phantom vibration \ ringing syndrome and job- related stress among nurses.Recommendations: The study recommended spreading awareness among nurses regarding the risks of mobileuse through instructional sessions and continuing education lectures and the necessary conducting of furthersimilar studies for exploring the factors that influence the job-related stress in order to apply the management forsuch factors

How to do the history of the self

The history of the self is a flourishing field. Nevertheless, there are some problems that have proven difficult to overcome, mainly concerning teleology, the universality or particularity of the self and the gap between ideas and experiences of the self. In this article, I make two methodological suggestions to address these issues. First, I propose a ‘queering’ of the self, inspired by recent developments in the history of sexuality. By destabilizing the modern self and writing the histories of its different and paradoxical aspects, we can better attend to continuities and discontinuities in the history of the self and break up the idea of a linear and unitary history. I distinguish 4 overlapping and intersecting axes along which discourses of the self present themselves: (1) interiority and outer orientation; (2) stability and flexibility; (3) holism and fragmentation; and (4) self-control and dispossession. Second, I propose studying 4 ‘practices of self’ through which the self is created, namely: (1) techniques of self; (2) self-talk; (3) interpreting the self; and (4) regulating practices. Analysing these practices allows one to go beyond debates about experience versus expression, and to recognize that expressions of self are never just expressions, but make up the self itself.

Edmonton Hiphop Kulture: Techniques of self and cultural sustainability

The word culture is rich with complex meanings and despite its use in common speech little is known about it and even less about the practices that contribute to ‘its’ continued existence, what might be called cultural sustainability. Edmonton Hiphop Kulture:Techniques of Self and Cultural Sustainability documents the role of techniques of self, defined as the daily practices an individual uses to transform his or her body, soul, thought and conduct of being (Foucault, 1988, p. 18), in the development and maintenance of Hiphop Kulture in Edmonton, Alberta. Using a Critical Constructivist methodology, the researchers document the weekly creation of Hiphop Kulture knowledge at Cipher5, a knowledge circle organized by Hip Hop specialists Andre Hamilton, Don Welsh, and MacEwan University professor Dr. Michael B. MacDonald. With Michel Foucault’s (1988) theory in mind that culture is a form of administration built by techniques of production, signification, domination and self (Kendall & Wickham, 1999, pp. 3-54), this paper documents the researchers’ exploration of techniques of self in Hiphop Kulture. The researchers theorize that these techniques, or cultural practices, include self-expression, belonging, and identity development and that these three techniques encourage the sustainability of Edmonton Hiphop Kulture. Research methods include participant observation at weekly Cipher5 meetings, autoethnography, interviews with Cipher5 members, and a literature review including a critical hermeneutic analysis of Hiphop literature.

International Research Journal of Geology and Mining

An Evaluation of Self-Potential anomaly over sulphide ore deposits has been undertaken at Ishiagu, Ebonyi State, Southeastern Nigeria. The Project site is about 5sqkm, underlain by two main geologic units. The Abakaliki Shale and the Ezeaku Formation. The potential gradient array technique of Self- Potential method was employed. Data was interpreted using surfer 8 computer software and Ms Excel tool Kits. Iso-contour maps of Self Potential and profile plots for anomaly variations were constructed. Results show positive Self-Potential closures, with corresponding peaks in the profile plots which are indicative of sulphide ore deposits. Trend orientations of anomaly peaks occur roughly NW – SE and NE – SW in a cross – cutting stress pattern.

Improved Proximity Aware Load Balancing for Heterogeneous Nodes

load balancing schemes are efficient at increasing the utilization of CPU, memory, and disk I/O resources in a Distributed environment. Most of the existing load-balancing schemes ignore network proximity and heterogeneity of nodes. Those schemes follow the technique of self owned resource based load balancing. But load balancing involves more challenges due to lack of sources for some of the tasks. Hence it is not always possible the task get all required resources on a single node. Consider node conditions i. e. the other nodes situated in its context. The task which lack with some of the resources will try to negotiate those resources with these contextual nodes. Then a task can complete and the resources utilized will be released. Doing this we are able to reduce load migrations. This proposed scheme not only works well with heterogeneous nodes but also considers proximity in them. Our result shows more than 20% reduction in communication costs than the previous methods based on self-owned resource distribution of nodes. Keywordssystem, context based load balancing, and proximity aware load balancing.

‘What’s on your mind?’ Writing on Facebook as a tool for self-formation

In the context of modern western psychologised, techno-social hybrid realities, where individuals are incited constantly to work on themselves and perform their self-development in public, the use of online social networking sites (SNSs) can be conceptualised as what Foucault has described as a ‘technique of self’. This article explores examples of status updates on Facebook to reveal that writing on Facebook is a tool for self-formation with historical roots. Exploring examples of self-writing from the past, and considering some of the continuities and discontinuities between these age-old practices and their modern translations, provides a non-technologically deterministic and historically aware way of thinking about the use of new media technologies in modern societies that understands them to be more than mere tools for communication.

SiO<SUB>2</SUB>-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> Nanostructure Films on Windshields Prepared by Sol-Gel Dip-Coating Technique for Self-Cleaning and Photocatalytic Applications

In the present research, automotive windshield samples were successfully coated with SiO2-TiO2 nanostructure layer using the sol-gel technique for self- Cleaning and photocatalytic applications. This procedure resulted in transparent, crack-free, self-cleaning, nanostructure SiO2-TiO2 films. To prevent the thermal diffusion of the sodium ions from the glass substrate to TiO2 layer, the SiO2 layer was pre-coated on the glass by the sol-gel method. The coated samples were dried for 48 hour at room temperature to allow slow solvent evaporation and condensation reactions due to rapid sol-gel reaction of titania precursor. Then, the samples were annealed at 100℃ for 30 min and at the final temperature (500℃ and 700℃) for 30 min immediately. The crystalline structure, surface morphology, photocatalytic activity and hydrophilic properties of the films were investigated using XRD, SEM, FE-SEM, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and contact angle measurement, respec- tively. The FE-SEM surface morphology results indicate that the particle size increases from 19 to 42 nm by increasing the annealing temperature from 500℃ to 700℃. Likewise, XRD illustrate the crystal anatase and rutile as main phases for SiO2-TiO2 films annealed at 500℃ and 700℃, respectively. Increasing heat treatment temperature from 500 to 700℃, de- creases the photocatalytic activity and inversely increases of the contact angle of the films. Keywords SiO2-TiO2, Nanostructure Layer, Self-Cleaning Films, Sol-Gel, Dip Coating, Windshield

Negotiating Masculinities via the Moral Problematization of Sport

Researchers have raised concerns about the construction of dangerous/problematic masculinities within sporting fratriarchies1. Yet little is known about how male sport enthusiasts—critical of hypermasculine performances—negotiate their involvement in sport. Our aim was to examine how males negotiated sporting tensions and how these negotiations shaped their (masculine) selves. We drew on Foucault (1992) to analyze how interviewees problematized their respective sport culture in relation to the sexualization of females, public drunkenness and excessive training demands. Results illustrated how the interviewees produced selves, via the moral problematization of sport, that rejected the values or moral codes of hypermasculinity in attempts to create ethical masculinities. We suggest that a proliferation of techniques of self that resist hypermasculine forms of subjection could be one form of ethical response to the documented problems surrounding masculinities and sport.

Critique as a technique of self: a Butlerian analysis of Judith Butler's prefaces

This article considers `critique' as performative, being on the one hand a reiterative performance, that enacts the `critic' through the act of critique, and on the other hand reflecting the constitution of the subject. While this approach takes on the conceptual framework of Judith Butler's work, it differs by refusing critique — or its correlates; parody, subversion or similar — any special status. Like any other performance critique is taken here as a cultural practice, as a Foucauldian `technique of self', though the complex genealogy of such a technique lies outside the scope of this article. In order to illustrate this argument I interpret a number of Butler's prefaces, interviews and digressions which diverge from her own theoretical framework, and argue that these `fictions' arise from critical `disavowals': that is, a `self-transformative' turn against power. The subjective `crisis' that prompts critique is then elaborated by comparison to Girard's work on imitation and sacrifice.

To Be a Diplomat

How do diplomats experience the world? Drawing mainly on fieldwork in the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, I argue that being a diplomat involves juggling three scripts of self against one another. The bureaucratic script tells the diplomat to focus squarely on quotidian concerns and to follow previously established routines. The heroic script tells him or her to focus squarely on a specific task in order to make a difference in the world, or at least to rove about the world, preferably involved in trouble-shooting. A third script is the self-effacing one of “the mediator,” of the diplomat as a specialist in making what happens at the outside of a political entity seem to dovetail as smoothly as possible with what happens at its inside. These scripts cannot be reconciled, only juggled. The uncertain predicament in which this places the diplomat is aggravated not only by tensions between professional and private life but also by the nomadic lifestyle of trekking between a home base in the ministry and sundry postings abroad. I conclude that being a diplomat is a never-ending and self-effacing technique of self, in the sense that the end product of diplomatic work is to let processes that are already in motion either go on or to have them stopped.

Inscribing healthification: governance, risk, surveillance and the subjects and spaces of fitness and health

This paper considers the interface between the hygienic geographies of a fitness and exercise space and the discourses of risk and subjectivity in this era of the new public health. Using an analysis of space, power and the subject, the paper assesses the ways in which subjects govern themselves and others in public health spaces through an intensification of surveillance, in order to ensure health and safety compliance. In this paper, first, I introduce the locker room as a place of health and hygiene. Second, I set out the wider context of the inscription of health on spaces and subjects. Third, I examine the relationship between discourses of risk and subjectivity and how risk discourses are fundamental to the fabrication of subjects and social life. The paper then examines, more specifically, techniques of self- and other-governance that help to inscribe and prescribe the new public health in locker rooms. Drawing on the findings of a spatial and ethnographic case study of an urban, Canadian university locker room, I conclude that the macro- and micro-politics and economics of policing public health require both the regulation of bodies and the participation of active, health-conscious citizens in order to keep (western) neo-liberal imperatives of health in place.

Managing one's body using self-management techniques: practicing autonomy.

This paper discusses some of the anthropological and philosophical features of the use of self-management plans by patients with a chronic disease, focusing on patients with asthma. Characteristics of this technologically mediated form of self-care are contrasted with the work of Mauss and Foucault on body techniques and techniques of self. The similarities and differences between self-management of asthma and Foucault's technologies of self highlight some of the ways in which self-management contributes to modifications in the definitions of patients and physicians. Patients, in measuring their lung function, first come to rely on measurements more than on felt disturbances, but next, felt disturbances become modified by previous measurements. Physicians, one the other hand, see their role changed from expert to being a participant in a joint treatment. It is argued that the concept of agency is more appropriate for describing the advantage of self-management for patients than autonomy.

Perceiving the Fictional World of Nesmrtelnost Through Kundera’s “I”

Kundera's characters have always struggled both with images and identities they have constructed for themselves and that others have constructed for them. Since Milan Kundera's emigration to France, much of his fiction has explored such struggles through dialogical split between youthful characters who live in the fragile world of lyrical self-expression and definition, and cynical narrator, literary representative of the author, who resides in world of political realities and external definition of individuals. As readers have become used to Kundera's technique of self disclosing narrative, many have quite naturally associated the Kundera who inhabits his fiction with the writer himself. Nesmrtelnost (Immortality, 1991) does not accept such familiarity between reader and author; the novel seems to shake finger at those who confuse writer with the image created through his or her work. This is accomplished by implicating the falsity of human perception in both seemingly real and visibly fictional worlds through the juxtaposition of the plausible against the artificial and by drawing attention to our subjectivity in reference to early formalist polemics. Self-disclosing narratives such as those employed by Kundera function by making what is normally covert, overt. Fiction becomes game between author and reader. Immortality plays with the reader's perceptions by creating three tiered fictional world which consists of what appear to be three possible worlds. The first, the world of the self disclosing narrator, Milan Kundera, is the highly believable and recognizable world of contemporary Paris. It is this world that seems to guide the reader through the text. The second, the world of the characters, is avowedly artificial, though it is born out of familiar elements brought from the first world. Immorality's third possible world is the amorphous realm of the immortals where the likes of Hemmingway and Goethe meet to discuss their fates, i.e., images of them constructed out of popular opinion. The novel's narrator gains our trust as readers, and then shocks us by allowing the three tiers to collide, thus drawing attention to the artificiality of all fictional worlds, as well as the frailty of our perceptions in the actual world. Kundera's narrators typically provide background material regarding pertinent historical and literary information. In the case of Immortality, the novel is peppered with myriad allusions to twentieth-century literary polemics, in particular certain ideas of the Russian formalist Viktor Shklovsky. Shklovsky sought to combat nineteenth-century Positivism and the often quoted and, to be fair, misquoted, ideas of Potebnya's is thinking in images.3 In the fictional world of Immortality, characters think and view literature and the world around them in terms of images. The narration, however, is constructed in terms of Shklovsky's ideals for art as propounded in Art as Device. Shklovsky's argument, briefly stated, is that the habitual way of thinking is to make the unfamiliar as easily digestible as possible. Normally our perceptions are automatic, which is way of saying that they are minimal... Since perception is usually too automatic, art develops variety of techniques to impede perception, or at least to call attention to themselves.4 It is in this study that Shklovsky identified series of literary devices that shaped the way generation of scholars read literature and writers composed fiction. Such devices are employed in Immortality in self-conscious manner. These techniques include: ostranenie (defamiliarization), a device by which phenomenon is taken out of its conventional context so that it may once again be seen, not merely recognized; zatrudnennaia forma (defacilitation), any device that forces the reader or listener to follow the text with an intense conscious effort and to wonder about its meaning..., and (lastly) obnazhennie priema (laying bare the device). …