Technical Demand Research Articles

Patterning of Organic Semiconductors Leads to Functional Integration: From Unit Device to Integrated Electronics.

The use of organic semiconductors in electronic devices, including transistors, sensors, and memories, unlocks innovative possibilities such as streamlined fabrication processes, enhanced mechanical flexibility, and potential new applications. Nevertheless, the increasing technical demand for patterning organic semiconductors requires greater integration and functional implementation. This paper overviews recent efforts to pattern organic semiconductors compatible with electronic devices. The review categorizes the contributions of organic semiconductor patterning approaches, such as surface-grafting polymers, capillary force lithography, wettability, evaporation, and diffusion in organic semiconductor-based transistors and sensors, offering a timely perspective on unconventional approaches to enable the patterning of organic semiconductors with a strong focus on the advantages of organic semiconductor utilization. In addition, this review explores the opportunities and challenges of organic semiconductor-based integration, emphasizing the issues related to patterning and interconnection.

IMPACT OF GENDER, LOCATION AND PARENTAL EDUCATION ON AWARENESS OF NEW EDUCATION POLICY -2020 AMONGST STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF GUJARAT

Education plays a pivotal role in the economic growth and development of any nation. It not only educates the people but also plays an important role in building character, compassion, ethics in an individual and at the same time prepares them for gainful & fulfilling employment which in turn contributes to the overall development of the nation. With the rapid development in the technical demand globally, it will be required that technically & skilled human beings having sound multidisciplinary knowledge remain available. Hence, the Government of India has changed the way we study by introducing “New Education Policy – 2020”. It will bring foundational change in the education system and will bring innovative changes that will meet global requirement of qualified individuals. The success of the policy depends on the cooperation and awareness amongst all the stakeholders who are going to be affected by the change. Hence, it is essential that the objectives, features, benefits and outcomes of the policy are known to the individual. The present study aims to understand the awareness of NEP-2020 amongst the students of higher education institutions based on structured questionnaire and the information was collected through survey having sample size of 230 respondents. The study focus on awareness based on various criteria and the outcome is distinguished based on gender, residential location & background of parents’ education. On verifying the feedback & statistical result of chi-square analysis, it indicates that there is no significant association between the gender, location and parental education on awareness about the NEP – 2020. The success of the policy depends on the cooperation and awareness amongst all the stakeholders who are going to be affected by the change. Hence, it is essential that the objectives, features, benefits and outcomes of the policy are known to the individual. The present study aims to understand the awareness of NEP-2020 amongst the students of higher education institutions based on structured questionnaire and the information was collected through survey having sample size of 230 respondents. The study focus on awareness based on various criteria and the outcome is distinguished based on gender, residential location & background of parents’ education. On verifying the feedback & statistical result of chi-square analysis, it indicates that there is no significant association between the gender, location and parental education on awareness about the NEP – 2020.

An Intelligent Financial Fraud Detection Model Using Knowledge Graph-Integrated Deep Neural Network

Financial fraud detection has been an urgent technical demand in cyberspace. It highly relies on clear extraction and deep representation toward complex relationships inside financial social networks. As consequence, this study combines both knowledge graph and deep learning to deal with such issue. Thus, an intelligent financial fraud detection model based on knowledge graph guidance and deep neural network is proposed in this paper. First, a new knowledge graph based on financially related systems is constructed, which includes multiple entities and relationships. Then, an adversarial learning-based neural network structure is formulated to extract financial attributes. Finally, the detection results can be output according to the extracted factors. Empirically, the proposal is implemented on a real-world dataset for performance evaluation. The experimental results show that it has higher accuracy and effectiveness compared to traditional fraud detection methods. The proposed detection model can not only identify known fraudulent behaviors, but also predict potential fraud patterns based on consumer habits, thereby improving the security and reliability of financial transactions. It can also update the knowledge graph in real-time, enabling it to cope with emerging fraud methods and variants.

Multicriteria screening evaluation of geothermal resources on mine lands for direct use heating

Direct use of geothermal energy is the oldest and most versatile form of utilizing geothermal energy. In the last decade, this utilization has significantly increased, especially with the installation of geothermal (ground-source) heat pumps. Many current and inactive mine land sites across the U.S. could be redeveloped with clean energy technologies such as direct use geothermal, which would revitalize former mining communities, help with reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and accelerate the transition to a clean energy economy. We present a multicriteria screening framework to evaluate various aspects of direct-use geothermal projects on mine lands. The criteria are divided into three categories: (1) technical potential, (2) demand and benefits, and (3) regulatory and permitting. We demonstrate the framework using publicly available data on a national scale (continental U.S.). Then, using an example of abandoned coal mines in Illinois and focusing on resource potential, we illustrate how this evaluation can be applied at the state or more local scales when a region’s characteristics drive spatial variability estimates. The strength of this approach is the ability to combine seemingly disparate parameters and inputs from numerous sources. The framework is very flexible—additional criteria can be easily incorporated and weights modified if input data support them. Vice versa, the framework can also help identify additional data needed for evaluating those criteria. The multicriteria screening evaluation methodology provides a framework for identifying potential candidates for detailed site evaluation and characterization.

A Comprehensive Review of the Current State of Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Salvage Prostatectomy.

Salvage robot assisted radical prostatectomy (sRARP) is performed for patients with biochemical or biopsy proven, localized prostate cancer recurrences after radiation or ablative therapies. Traditionally, sRARP has been avoided by lower volume surgeons due to technical demand and high complication rates. Post-radiation sRARP outcomes studies exist but remain few in number. With increasing use of whole gland and focal ablative therapies, updates on sRARP in this setting are needed. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of recently reviewed studies on the oncologic outcomes, functional outcomes, and complications after post-radiation and post-ablative sRARP. Tips and tricks are provided to guide surgeons who may perform sRARP. We performed a non-systematic literature search of PubMed and MEDLINE for the most relevant articles pertaining to the outlined topics from 2010-2022 without limitation on study design. Only case reports, editorial comments, letters, and manuscripts in non-English languages were excluded. Key Content and Findings: Salvage robotic radical prostatectomy is performed in cases of biochemical recurrence after radiation or ablative therapies. Oncologic outcomes after sRARP are worse compared to primary surgery (pRARP) though improvements have been made with the robotic approach when compared to open salvage prostatectomy. Higher pre-sRARP PSA levels and more advanced pathologic stage portend worse oncologic outcomes. Patients meeting low-risk, EAU-biochemical recurrence criteria have improved oncologic outcomes compared to those with high-risk BCR. While complication rates in sRARP are higher compared to pRARP, Retzius sparing approaches may reduce complication rates, particularly rectal injuries. In comparison to the traditional open approach, sRARP is associated with a lower rate of bladder neck contracture. In terms of functional outcomes, potency rates after sRARP are poor and continence rates are low, though Retzius sparing approaches demonstrate acceptable recovery of urinary continence by 1 year, post-operatively. Advances in the robotic platform and improvement in robotic experience have resulted in acceptable complication rates after sRARP. However, oncologic and functional outcomes after sRARP in both the post-radiation and post-ablation settings are worse compared to pRARP. Thus, when engaging in shared decision making with patients regarding the initial management of localized prostate cancer, patients should be educated regarding oncologic and functional outcomes and complications in the case of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer that may require sRARP.

The Effect of Obesity on Hemiarthroplasty and Total Hip Arthroplasty for Femoral Neck Fractures.

Obesity is a well-recognized global epidemic that can lead to longer operative times as well as a greater technical demand. Despite this, the available literature evaluating the impact of obesity on hip hemiarthroplasty (HA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) when treating fractures about the femoral neck is scarce. Between 2015 and 2018, we retrospectively reviewed all patients that had a HA or THA performed as treatment for an isolated fracture of the femoral neck. Patients were classified as obese and nonobese depending on current body mass index (BMI) when the index procedure was performed. Preoperative and postoperative variable were obtained from the electronic medical record. A total of 157 patients underwent hip HA or THA for an isolated fracture of the femoral neck. In those patients undergoing HA, obesity was associated with an increase in operative times (P = 0.021) and was associated with a nonsignificant increase in total operating room time (P = 0.088) and duration of anesthesia (P = 0.14). In those patients undergoing THA, obesity was associated with longer operative times (P = 0.043), total operating room time (P = 0.032), and duration of anesthesia (P = 0.045). There were no significant differences in complication rates postoperatively between obese and non-obese patients undergoing either procedure. The treatment of isolated fractures of the femoral neck with HA or THA leads to an increase in operative time without an increase in postoperative complications in obese patients.

Diferencias cinemáticas en el Tug of War indoor y outdoor: Estudio de caso

The tug of war (TOW) is a sport with a high physical and technical demand. Very few investigations have been carried out on the biomechanics of TOW and all of them in the indoor modality. The main objective of this study is to describe and differentiate the kinematics of indoor and outdoor TOW. An experienced puller was recorded in two world championships of the two modalities in consecutive years. Although the position of the hands on the rope, the arms and the inclination of the body are similar, important differences were registered both in the lower body and in the position of the body, with both shoulders and hips forward in the case of the indoor modality and with the hip and left shoulder forward in the outdoor modality. This research evidences the different techniques used in the two modalities of TOW and their possible relationship both with the risk of injury to some parts of the body, and with the greater demands of these parts.

Initial Design of Free energy magnetic generator (FEMG)

Nowadays, it is essential for some areas that there would be implemented such ways for electricity cost reductions in the areas, equipment durability and minimal technical labour demand maintenance. There are many type of generator that can help to generate the electricity such as steam turbines, gasoline turbines, electrical generators, solar or wind turbines, internal combustion engines, and biogas engines. However, there are many drawbacks of using these generators. One of the major drawbacks of these non-renewable generators are the released of hazardous exhausts into the environment such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, or any other dangerous exhaust. These will produce air pollution, although it imposes environmental costs through manufacture and construction. One of the well-known energy sufficient generator is the permanent magnet generator. The main aim for this project is to design a Free Energy Magnetic Generator (FEMG) using conventional induced voltage generating principle for industrial and residential appliances. The design will be used JMAG Designer Software from designing and observing the generator. It can be concluded that this generator can give a continuous output power supply due to the capability of the generator to produce high output power with low cogging torque which is 2.1Nm. Perhaps, the maximum value of magnetic flux between coil is 2.1066 while the minimum value is 0.0418.

Building Complex Autologous Breast Reconstruction Program: A Preliminary Experience

Autologous breast reconstruction is an increasingly popular method of reconstruction for breast cancer survivors. While deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps are the gold standard, not all patients are ideal candidates for DIEP flaps due to low BMI, body habitus, or previous abdominal surgery. In these patients, complex autologous breast reconstruction can be performed, but there is a limited number of programs around the world due to high technical demand. Given the increased demand and need for complex autologous flaps, it is critical to build programs to increase patient access and teach future microsurgeons. In this paper, we discuss the steps, pearls, and preliminary experience of building a complex autologous breast reconstruction program in a tertiary academic center. We performed a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent starting the year prior to the creation of our program. Since the start of our program, a total of 74 breast mounds have been reconstructed in 46 patients using 87 flaps. Over 23 months, there was a decrease in median surgical time for bilateral reconstruction by 124 min (p = 0.03), an increase in the number of co-surgeon cases by 66% (p < 0.01), and an increase in the number of complex autologous breast reconstruction by 42% (p < 0.01). Our study shows that a complex autologous breast reconstruction program can be successfully established using a multi-phase approach, including the development of a robust co-surgeon model. In addition, we found that a dedicated program leads to increased patient access, decreased operative time, and enhancement of trainee education.

Routine gastric suspension technique in single-port sleeve gastrectomy procedure.

Due to limited technical demand, single-port sleeve gastrectomy (SPSG) is a feasible laparoscopic technique for sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Nonetheless, difficulties exist when performing the single-port technique, and in this study, we aim to describe a slight maneuver that can improve the SPSG procedure. Patients who underwent laparoscopic SG between January 2022 and May 2023 at our hospital were included. The patients were classified into two groups: (1) SPSG and (2) multiple-port SG (MPSG). The parameters for this analysis were the patients' age, gender, weight, body mass index (BMI), conversion rate, drainage placement, 30-day readmission rate, and postoperative complications. Postoperative one-month and three-month percentages of total weight loss (%TWL) were calculated and compared. 171 patients were included in this study: (1) the SPSG group (n = 96) and (2) the MPSG group (n = 75). No statistically significant difference was observed within the preoperative (age, gender, height, weight, and BMI) and the perioperative parameters between SPSG and MPSG (operation time, drainage placement, 30-day readmission) (p > 0.05). Per Clavien-Dindo's grading, two patients in the SPSG group suffered grade 1 complications; for the MPSG group, one patient sustained grade 2 and another suffered grade 3b complication. No statistical significance was observed on the %TWL between the two groups (p > 0.05). Our study found that performing SPSG in specific patient is feasible and non-inferior when compared to the MPSG. Further studies will be needed to elucidate better the efficacy and safety of performing SPSG.

Laparoscopic ultrasonography of the liver is feasible and safe in dogs.

To describe the feasibility and technique for performing laparoscopic ultrasound (LUS) of the liver in dogs. 12 client-owned dogs presenting for elective laparoscopic surgery from January 1, 2022, to October 31, 2022. Laparoscopic exploration and LUS of the liver were performed in all dogs. Dogs were positioned in reverse Trendelenburg and laterally rotated to facilitate access to all liver lobes. Time to perform laparoscopic exploration and LUS, ability to visualize and access each liver lobe entirely, and any complications were recorded. Each dog underwent an elective laparoscopic procedure. The surgeon completed a National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) questionnaire after surgery. Mean body weight was 25.9 kg (SD, ± 4.1 kg; range, 5.7 to 62 kg). All liver lobes were scanned to the level of the hilus in 10/12 dogs. In 2 dogs, the caudate lobe could not be completely imaged. Median time to perform LUS was 9 minutes (IQR, 5 to 16.5 minutes), and median NASA-TLX score was 9/100 (IQR, 6.3 to 20). There was a significantly strong negative correlation between time to perform LUS (r = -0.77; P = .0037) and NASA-TLX score (r = -0.84; P = .0006) with trial number. Minor complications occurred in 2 dogs during laparoscopic exploration. No complications occurred during LUS. LUS was feasible and safe in all dogs. The right lateral and caudate lobes were occasionally challenging to access. Technical demand and time to perform LUS improved with experience, suggesting a learning curve. Evaluation of LUS in dogs with clinical disease is warranted.

Application of Geomechanical Classification Systems in a Tourist Mine for Establishing Strategies within 3G’s Model

Stability problems in rock masses are one of the main causes of subsidence events in underground mining areas. Zaruma, in the South of Ecuador, is characterised by mineral wealth, in which 65% of the population depends directly on artisanal mining activity. However, mineral extraction, without technical considerations and in many cases illegal, has negatively impacted the stability of tunnels generated under the city’s urban area, reporting subsidence events in recent years. The aim of this study is to geomechanically characterise the main gallery of the tourist mine “El Sexmo” using two classic methods of geomechanical classification for the configuration of a model that complies with the 3G’s (geotourism, geoconservation, and geoeducation) and supports the culture of sustainability in all areas of the sector. The methodology consists of (i) a field study design, (ii) a geological–geomechanical survey of the rock mass of a tourist mine using rock mass rating (RMR) and the Q-Barton index, and (iii) establishing a 3G’s model for sustainable development. The results reveal that 100% of the rock mass of the tourist mine presents a rock quality classified as “Fair” (class III) by the RMR method, while, via the Q-Barton method, 92.9% of the rock mass obtains a “Poor” rating, except for station S05, rated “Very Poor”. Furthermore, the study proposes additional support measures for three specific stations based on Q-Barton assessments, including fibre-reinforced sprayed concrete and bolting and reinforced ribs of sprayed concrete, considering that the mine is more than 500 years old and maintains geological features for geoeducation in geotechnical mining. Technical and social problems demand an innovative strategy, which, in this work, focuses on the 3G’s model based on the quintuple innovation helix to develop sustainable underground geotourism.

Wearable devices: underrepresentation in the ageing society

Wearable devices: underrepresentation in the ageing society

THE INTELLECTUAL LABOR OF DIGITAL BLACK FEMINIST ENCLAVES IN HASHTAG CONSTRUCTION, RECEPTION, AND STRATIFICATION ONLINE

While existing research has examined counterpublics in hashtag activism, little attention is given to digital enclaves that emerge when mainstream media disregards the voices of these communities. This paper helps us understand the process of hashtag activism that derives from the intellectual labor of digital enclaves. I examine the digital Black feminist enclave that emerged through the Black online magazine, Ebony, mobilizing #MuteRKelly on Twitter. #MuteRKelly brings attention to musical artist's, Robert Sylvester Kelly, sexual exploitation of Black women and girls. I combined digital Black feminist theory with critical technocultural discourse analysis to demonstrate how this Black feminist enclave maximized Ebony's interface to defy ideologies of capitalism, racism, colonialism, and sexism that underpin the music industry's public allegiance to Black women’s exploitation on and offline. This digital Black feminist enclave solidified in the rhetorical and technical demand of #MuteRKelly, for (1) the music industry to dispatch all financial, commercial, and social engagements with Kelly and resist negative ideologies of Black women inscribed in his musical lineage, (2) for mainstream media to eradicate discourse that romanticizes domestic violence from celebrity Black men, and (3) for survivors’ to take space in the digital sphere to assemble a grapevine rhetorically committed to advocacy aimed at legal justice and increased protection for Black women and girls. It is important for scholars to trace the lineage of internet practices that traverse to hashtag activism and for us to look at the digital enclaves that produce these practices.

Institutional Volume and Initial Results for Endovascular Treatment for Chronic Occlusive Lower-Extremity Artery Disease: A Report From the Japanese Nationwide Registry

Purpose: Chronic total occlusion (CTO) remains as a major target for endovascular treatment (EVT) in improving symptomatic lower-extremity artery disease (LEAD). However, despite the technical demand and learning curve for the procedure, volume-outcome relationship of EVT targeted for CTO in symptomatic LEAD remains unclear. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from a nationwide registry for EVT procedures limited to the Japanese Association of Cardiovascular Intervention and Therapeutics between January 2018 and December 2020 from 660 cardiovascular centers in Japan. In total, 96 099 patients underwent EVT for symptomatic LEAD, and 41 900 (43.6%) underwent CTO-targeted EVTs during the study period. Institutional volume was classified into quartiles. The association of institutional volumes with short-term outcomes was explored using the generalized linear mixed model using a logit link function, in which, interinstitution variability was used as a random effect. Results: The median institutional volume for all EVT cases per quartile was 29, 68, 125, and 299 cases/year for the first, second, third, and fourth quartiles, respectively. With each model analysis, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for technical success were significantly lower in patients who underwent EVT in institutions within the first quartile (<52 cases/year) than in the other quartiles (P < .01, respectively). On the contrary, the adjusted ORs for procedural complications were significantly higher in the first and second quartiles than in the third and fourth quartiles (P < .01, respectively). Conclusion: In contemporary Japanese EVT practice, a higher institutional volume but not operator volume was associated with a higher technical success rate and a lower procedural complication rate in patients with symptomatic LEAD involving CTO lesions. Clinical Impact EVT for CTO lesions is still challenging for clinicians because of difficulties of wire/devise crossing or high procedural complications rate. Our study demonstrated that a higher institutional volume but not operator volume was associated with a higher technical success rate and a lower procedural complication rate in patients with symptomatic LEAD involving CTO lesions. In contemporary Japanese practice, a higher institutional experience has better impacts on short-term clinical outcomes. Future research should determine the relationship between institutional volume and long-term clinical outcomes.

Good for tech: Disability expertise and labor in China's artificial intelligence sector

People with disabilities are often perceived as being “given” the opportunity to work, rather than “providing” valuable labor. Centering on disabled data workers as experts involved in the quotidian construction of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in China, this article shows that disability expertise and labor can afford a technical edge to AI systems in a certain political economy. In the case examined, the work of consistently synchronizing interpretations of the ambiguous data and elusive rules of smart home systems prefers a stable annotation workforce with coordinated cognition and trained judgment. This technical demand has come to be met by a committed team of skilled disabled workers, who are pushed out from mainstream job market by systemic ableism, and pulled in by disability-informed expertise that reconfigures space, time, and political economy to meet non-normative bodyminds. Through this exceptional case run by a disabled people led organization, I draw attention to disabled people’s under-examined role as system-builders of information technologies as opposed to users, victims, or inspirations, and highlight the transformative potential of disability expertise.

Enhanced Li‐ion conductivity of Li7La3Zr2O12 by simultaneous substitution of aluminum and niobium using a modified sol–gel method

AbstractBy increasing technical demand for long‐lasting and safer batteries against thermal explosion, garnet‐type cubic phase Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) is a promising solid electrolyte as a next‐generation advanced battery. In this work, we studied Al and Nb co‐doped Li6.25–yAl0.25La3Zr2–yNbyO12 (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.30) electrolytes prepared using a modified sol–gel method. X‐ray diffraction and electrochemical analyses probed the synergistic effect of Al and Nb simultaneous substitution on the microstructure and ionic conductivity. In conclusion, an optimal amount of Al and Nb enhances densification and ionic conductivity, and then Li6Al0.25La3Zr1.75Nb0.25O12 achieves the highest relative density of 94% and total ionic conductivity of 5.41 × 104 S cm−1 at 30°C.

MANAGEMENT OF HEMORRHAGE IN LAPAROSCOPIC COLORECTAL SURGERY

Abstract Introduction Laparoscopic colorectal surgery (LCRS) offers similar oncologic outcomes to the open approach along with early postoperative recovery but is not without complications, with bleeding being uncommon but with variable impact and technical resource demand. Methods A descriptive and retrospective study of bleeding in patients undergoing elective LCRS in our center between 01/012018 and 31/12/2021. The data analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical software. Results Out of 945 LCRS, 45 patients (4.8%) presented some hemorrhagic event. The main diagnosis was colorectal cancer (35), followed by diverticular disease (6). The procedures most frequently associated with bleeding were sigmoidectomy (13), TATME (7) and right hemicolectomy (7). Five patients presented moderate (4) or severe (1) intraoperative bleeding, controlled during surgery. The most commonly used hemostatic devices were biopolar energy (29.5%) and combined (34.1%). The diagnosis of postoperative bleeding was clinical in 20 cases (45.5%), 17 by CT angiography (38.6%) and 7 by endoscopy (15.9%). In 36.4% the origin of hemorrhage was in the anastomosis, demonstrated by endoscopy or radiological study. Eleven patients (25%) required reintervention: seven by open approach and four by laparoscopy (two conversions). Therapeutic endoscopy was performed in 7 patients (15.9%), in 1 patient interventional radiology-surgery was combined, and in another patient endoscopy-surgery. There was no mortality due to this cause. The mean length of stay after surgery was 19.52 days. Conclusions Hemorrhage in LCRS is a rare but potentially serious complication that requires early diagnosis and staged multidisciplinary approaches, including advanced therapeutic endoscopy and interventional radiology procedures.

Technical and locomotor demands in elite soccer: manipulating area per player during small-sided games to replicate official match demands.

The present study aimed to investigate the area per player (ApP) to replicate the technical and locomotor match demands using small-sided games (SSGs) in male soccer players (n = 20) competing in major European and UEFA competitions. The relative number of each individual technical activity per minute (number · min-1; technical demands) was counted and the relative (m · min-1) total (TD), high-speed running (HSRD), very high-speed running (VHSRD), sprint and acceleration+deceleration (Acc+Dec) distances were collected during different SSG formats (n = 24; 4 vs 4 to 10 vs 10 with an ApP from 60 to 341 m2 · player-1) and official matches (n = 28). Data were collected during two full seasons. A linear mixed model analysis was used to calculate the individual relationship between technical/locomotor demands and the ApP during SSGs; the correlation coefficient was also calculated. With the exception of an inverse moderate (r = -0.457) correlation for Acc+Dec, each locomotor metric (TD, HSRD, VHSRD and sprint) showed a positive large to very large (r = 0.560 to 0.710) correlation with ApP (P < 0.001). The technical demands showed an inverse moderate correlation (r = -0.529) with ApP. Additionally, inverse moderate to large correlations (r = -0.397 to -0.600; P < 0.05) between the technical demands and the locomotor demands (TD, HSR, VHSR and sprint) were found. Lastly, an ApP of ~243 m2 · player was found to replicate the official match technical demand and it was quite similar to the ApP required to replicate HSRD, VHSRD and sprint. These findings may help practitioners to replicate, overload and underload both technical and locomotor demands using a specific ApP during SSGs in elite soccer.

TREINAMENTO DE FORÇA EXPLOSIVA SOB MEMBROS INFERIORES NO FUTEBOL

ABSTRACT Introduction: Technical movements that mainly include running and jumping are soccer's main sport selection processes. These technical movements demand high requirements of lower limb endurance and explosive strength by athletes. Objective: Study the methods of strength and explosive force training in the lower limbs of soccer players. Methods: The experiment with 40 volunteers lasted 12 weeks and was conducted as a control experiment. The experimental group performed extensive lower limb strength training represented by weight resistance strength training on Monday and Wednesday. In contrast, the control group performed traditional modes of strength training such as half squats and deep squats. Diet was controlled, targeting to minimize the interference of unrelated variables. Results: The scores of the experimental group and the control group were improved and statistically more favorable in the experimental group. Conclusion: The strength training system with weight bearing on the lower limbs used in this study may promote better muscular development of the athletes, improve the explosive power of their lower limbs, and allow better performance on the field, and may be replicated. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.