Assessment Of Technical Condition Research Articles

Technical Condition Assessment and Modelling of Reed Valves in Vehicle Engine Intake Systems

Technical Condition Assessment and Modelling of Reed Valves in Vehicle Engine Intake Systems

Digital indicator for evaluating the hydraulic control system of the tractor gearbox

The effi ciency of using energy-saturated tractors in agriculture largely depends on the level of preparation for fi eld work, which in turn depends on an objective assessment of the general technical condition of components and assemblies to justify the repair and maintenance work carried out. Various diagnostic tools are widely used for a non-selective assessment of the general technical condition of the internal combustion engine: motor testers, crankcase gas fl ow meters, etc. However, there are no such means to assess the technical condition of the transmission (gearbox) of energy-saturated equipment of domestic production. In conditions of logistical remoteness from service centers, there is a need to develop digital indicators to assess the general technical condition of a hydraulically controlled gearbox according to the time of the transition process, allowing the end user to contact the dealer’s service company in a timely manner (The purpose of the study) to study the status of the issue, analyze the NTD and search experiments and develop an experimental digital indicator for monitoring the general technical condition of boxes transmission changes of energy-saturated tractors of domestic production according to the transition process in the hydraulic control system. (Materials and methods) Conducted an analysis, studied the NTD, as well as methodological guidelines for diagnosing and managing the reliability of agricultural machinery, previously produced control and diagnostic equipment, KI-112383 was chosen as an analog for the development of a digital indicator. It has been established that the method of transient characteristics is widely used to diagnose rapidly changing processes. Monitoring the time of the transition process in the hydraulic control system is a necessary diagnostic procedure that allows you to indiscriminately assess the overall technical condition of the KP of operated energysaturated tractors. (Results and discussion) the results of staged experiments using the E-14-140M ADC when running in the gearbox of the K-744R tractor on the stand showed the possibility of a comparative assessment of the general technical condition according to the transient characteristics of pressure recovery in the control system during gear shifting. To develop a prototype of the digital indicator, a virtual simulation was carried out with simulation of the algorithms of operation, and test tests were carried out on the developed laboratory installation. The developed experimental digital indicator can be used as an integrated monitoring tool to automatically determine the general technical condition of the gearbox, as well as inform the operator to minimize the infl uence of the «human» factor when changing gears. (Conclusions) For eff ective management of the general technical condition of tractors, it is necessary to pilot the implementation of the developed digital indicator, which will allow assessing the dynamics of changes in the transient pressure recovery process as a diagnostic parameter during the repair of the gearbox and under operating conditions of tractors without making changes to the design.

Assessment of the technical condition of gearboxes of tractors of the Kirovets family

The article substantiates the need to develop a digital indicator for a non-selective assessment of the general technical condition of the hydraulic transmission control drive of energysaturated tractors of the Kirovets family. The analysis of the issue of reliability management of agricultural machinery is carried out.

Indicative assessment of the load bearing capacity of artificial airfield pavements

The load bearing capacity of airfield pavements is currently determined with the ACN-PCN method. It should also be noted that existing studies in the discussed area refer only to assessment of the surface’s current technical condition. Due to the above, actions were taken to collect data from the selected airport facilities in order to analyze changes in its parameters over a longer period of time. The measurements were carried out over a period of several years, on the same airport facilities and on the same airport’s functional elements. The obtained results were used to develop a methodology for index airfield pavement assessment and to determine criteria for technical condition assessment. Knowledge of the above parameters allows to determine the APCI index describing the current, comprehensive technical condition of the surface, allowing for forecasting further activities related to its operation.

РАЗРАБОТКА ИНДИКАТОРА ОЦЕНКИ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ КОРОБОК ПЕРЕДАЧ

The efficiency of the use of high-energy tractors in agriculture is largely determined by the level of preparation for field work, which in turn depends on the completeness of the repair and maintenance work. Various diagnostic tools are used for a non-selective assessment of the general technical condition of internal combustion engines: motor testers, crankcase gas flow meters, etc. Currently, there are no means to assess the technical condition of the gearbox without breaking the power flow. The development of digital diagnostic tools is required to reduce the risk of failures during field work. (Research purpose) The research purpose is studying the state of the issue and justifying the need to develop a coefficient for a non-selective assessment of the general technical condition of the hydraulic transmission control drive of high-energy tractors. (Materials and methods) Carried out an analysis of the complex of works on diagnosing and managing the reliability of agricultural machinery. It was found that it is necessary to control the time of the transient process in the hydraulic control system of the gearbox, as well as accelerations during gear shifting. We reviewed the previously manufactured control and diagnostic equipment. The KI-12383 and "Effect-02.01" devices were chosen as a prototype for the development of a digital indicator. (Results and discussion) We conducted a simulation, designed and tested a prototype and proved the possibility of developing a digital indicator that can be used as an integrated diagnostic tool to justify the need for repair and maintenance effects of the gearbox. (Conclusions) To monitor the general technical condition of the gearbox, a digital indicator is needed, which will allow, without making changes to the design (K-701, T-150K and their modern analogues), to obtain diagnostic data to substantiate repair and maintenance impacts in order to reduce the risks of failures of the III complexity group during field work.

Ways of developing assessments of the technical condition of buildings and structures

The main differences between the norms for assessing the technical condition of buildings and structures and the norms for their design are analyzed, which are due to different levels of awareness and the degree of uncertainty of the parameters of the structure. It is indicated that the current standards of structural design are not sufficient for assessing the reliability of existing structures, for designing their repair or modernization. Existing design standards do not provide for procedures for assessing the current state of existing structures and the resistance of materials. In addition, they do not deal with the uncertainty of the situation, which is fundamentally different from the design conditions when it comes to the existing structure. During the design of a new structure, the uncertainty of the parameters is taken according to the data averaged for the entire country. But the implemented design is not the average across the country, but is a specific unique structure with characteristics that are refined and, therefore, uncertainties are reduced. It is proposed to take into account the level of knowledge about the technical condition assessment object by using special uncertainty coefficients. The possibility of applying reduced values of target levels of reliability, the values of which are substantiated by calculations based on the quality of life index, is emphasized. The recommendations of the international standard ISO 13822, regarding the possibility of reducing the target reliability index, were compared with calculations based on the quality of life index LQI, based on Ukrainian statistics. It is considered appropriate to use new risk-oriented approaches in order to improve the decision-making system for planning the life cycle of construction structures and assessing the residual resource. A list of tasks that need to be solved for this is provided.

DEVELOPMENT OF A DATABASE CONCEPT FOR DIGITALISING THE EXPERIENCE OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES OPERATING

Problem statement. These days, the main method of monitoring the buildings and structures state is through periodic technical state assessment and monitoring. This is an important practice that guarantees the reliability and safety of the operation of buildings and structures, helping to identify and establish the obvious and possible causes of defects and damages. However, the current practice of storing the results of surveys and monitoring is often limited to records in paper reports, which makes it difficult to analyse over time. Thus, there is a need to create a digital information system designed to record and store the results of monitoring of buildings and structures. This will make the data accessible and organised for specialists, simplifying analysis and ensuring their effective use for decision-making. Such a system will significantly improve the safety and efficiency of buildings and structures management. The purpose of the article is the development of a database architecture for the digitalisation of information related to the inspection and monitoring of the technical state of buildings and structures. Conclusions. The developed database structure will allow storing information about buildings, their owners, location, structures, defects and damage identified during visual and instrumental inspections, as well as organisational and technical measures aimed at bringing structures back to normal technical state or reducing the impact of negative factors. This will contribute to more efficient management and help maintain the property in good working order, reducing the probability of emergency situations.

A Variable-Weight Model for Evaluating the Technical Condition of Urban Viaducts

Urban viaducts play a crucial role in transportation infrastructure and are closely linked to urban resilience. Accurate evaluation of their structural technical condition forms the basis for the scientific maintenance of urban viaducts. Currently, there is a lack of technical condition evaluation specifications for viaducts in China, and the existing bridge specifications that are similar do not fully align with the facility composition characteristics and maintenance management needs of viaducts. Therefore, this paper presents a technical condition assessment model for viaducts, based on existing bridge specifications. Considering the frequent damage to ancillary facilities of viaducts, the utilization of maintenance resources, and the impact on traffic operations, the model proposed in this paper adopts the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to introduce a new indicator layer for ancillary facilities. Subsequently, the weight values and deduction values of each layer of the model, as well as the findings of damage recorded in the new components, were determined using the Group Decision-Making (GDM) method and the Delphi method. This process forms a constant-weight evaluation model for assessing the technical condition of viaducts. Finally, to account for the impacts of significant damage to low-weight components on the structural condition, the variable-weight method was adopted to establish a comprehensive evaluation model with variable weights, which was then validated using practical viaduct examples. The results indicate that the variable-weight model provides a more accurate representation of the technical condition of viaducts, especially when components are severely damaged. Furthermore, this study examines the suitable conditions for implementing the constant-weight evaluation model and the variable-weight evaluation model, demonstrating that the variable-weight model is recommended when there is a significant disparity in the scores among the viaduct components, whereas the constant-weight model is applicable in other scenarios.

Validation of JSC “Troitsa” berths bollards in the “Chayka” port of Severodvinsk

Berthing equipment of two berths of JSC “Troitsa” is considered. They are “Berth for petroleum products transshipment” and “Reinforced concrete berth with crane tracks” of “Chayka” port (Severodvinsk). The berths were put into operation half a century ago. Due to the regulatory service life expiration, the Scientific Research Association “Pleiada” LLC (Novorossiysk) carried out in 2021 a theoretical calculation to determine the bearing capacity of bollards. The purpose of the planned research is to check the safe functioning of the available mooring devices in the existing conditions of berthing facilities operation. The object of research is non-standard mooring bollards, for which there was no documentation on operational control during construction and commissioning certificates. The process of changing the technical condition and determining the bearing capacity of the bollards is considered as the subject of the research. It has been established that the mooring bollards of the studied berths are suitable for operation to ensure the mooring of vessels that do not exceed the design parameters and comply with the requirements of subparagraph (a) of paragraph 191 of the technical regulations on the safety of maritime transport facilities dated August 12, 2010 No. 620 (as amended on October 7, 2019). The results of organoleptic and instrumental examinations using a high-precision electronic dynamometer ACD/1R-250/7I-2 are presented. It is concluded that a correct assessment of the berthing equipment technical condition is achieved with proper organization of the expert service in combination with continuous deformation monitoring.

Thermovision as a non – destructive method of technical condition assessment: case study in a smart building

Currently, more and more emphasis is placed on building energy-efficient buildings from the highest quality materials to keep heat and energy losses as low as possible. Relatively, such buildings are much more expensive than traditional buildings due to the technology that is used in them. This applies to HVAC systems, renewable energy sources and etc. This paper presents the correctness of the thermal insulation of the Energis intelligent building at the Kielce University of Technology with the use of a thermal imaging camera. Measurements and photos were taken outside and inside the building, in the winter, in the late afternoon. This research topic was undertaken because few works and articles offer thermal imaging studies of smart buildings. The analysis of the thermograms showed differences between the surface of the windows and the walls from the inside, and additionally a place in the room in which you can see how cold is trying to penetrate the interior. The study provided data on thermal insulation of the tested building, its assessment and correctness of execution.

Comprehensive assessment of technical condition of vehicles during operation based on Harrington’s desirability function

The object of research is the process of changing the technical condition of vehicles during their operation. The study solved the problem of comprehensive evaluation of change in the technical condition based on Harrington’s desirability function. The essence of the results is as follows. A scale of desirability was built and a set of criteria for assessing the technical condition of vehicles was clarified. A general desirability index is proposed as a convolution of partial Harrington desirability functions. When solving the investigated problem, the characteristics and properties of the partial and generalized Harrington’s desirability function and their graphical representation were taken into account. Using an example of the technical condition of the chassis and braking system of vehicles, a set of controlled parameters was formed. Based on the values of the controlled parameters, the regression equation of the partial Harrington desirability functions was obtained. The value of the weighting coefficients of each of the criteria was determined and the generalized desirability function was calculated. As a result of the study, it was established that if the generalized criterion of desirability is D<0.37, then individual nodes, systems, and units of the vehicle are in a pre-accident condition, if 0.37£D£0.63 – in a satisfactory condition, and if D>0.63 – in a good condition and cannot be the cause of a traffic accident. An applied aspect of the results is the implementation of the technique of comprehensive assessment of the technical condition of the vehicle. This causes an increase in the productivity of the expert (specialist), will shorten the period of the auto technical examination, and improve its quality. The results could be used by insurance companies and investigators, investigators and judges when considering traffic accidents

State-Based Technical Condition Assessment and Prediction of Concrete Box Girder Bridges

The technical condition of bridges has become a crucial issue for organizing the maintenance and repairs in bridge management systems. It is of great practical engineering significance to construct an effective model for predicting the technical condition degradation of the bridge through the use of the historical inspection data. Based on the semi-Markov random process, this paper proposes a useful deterioration prediction model for bridges in the highway network. From the historical inspection data of the prefabricated concrete box girder bridges, the degradation curves of technical condition rating are obtained. The effect of bridge length on degradation rate of the prefabricated concrete box girder bridges is analyzed. According to the Weibull distribution parameters of different condition grades, the technical state degradation models for a bridge group and an individual bridge are proposed to predict the performance of the overall bridge and superstructure of the bridge. The results show that with the increase in bridge length, the degradation rate of bridge technical condition increases. The degradation rate of the technical condition of the superstructure is faster than that of the overall bridge. The proposed semi-Markov stochastic degradation model for the bridge group can not only predict the different condition ratings of the bridges at any time, but also predict the future deterioration trend of an individual bridge under any ratings.

Sustainable Energy Safety Management Utilizing an Industry-Relative Assessment of Enterprise Equipment Technical Condition

The study considers approaches to ensuring energy management for the safe operation of facilities and their equipment and ways to improve it. It has been established that to ensure effective safety management of industrial enterprises, one of the critical areas is the technical diagnostics of power equipment during operation. An assessment of the actual technical condition of power equipment of VVER-1000 power units is proposed based on establishing the aging mechanisms and determining the relative evaluation coefficients for the characteristics of individual equipment elements. The results of the calculations allowed us to conclude that the obtained results correspond to the coefficients of relative assessment Ki of the technical characteristics of the power equipment that determine its degradation. Studies indicates that when assessing the state of power equipment, it is necessary to consider the presence and impact of the following operational factors that are not considered in the design calculations: loads, high levels of mechanical stress, fatigue damage, and metal defects, which primarily indicate the presence of degradation changes. To assess the technical condition of the equipment, considering the degree of mechanical wear, 17 technical characteristics were selected to determine the aging mechanisms by signs of degradation. A mathematical model of the dependence of the relative evaluation coefficient K on changes in the operating parameters is presented, and it is noted that the most significant influence on the value of the coefficient is the temperature of the coolant at the inlet (K = 0.56). The developed approach makes it possible to improve the safety management system of power facilities by introducing the proposed model to assess the technical conditions of power equipment by defining the parameters in the overall safety management system.

Assessment and prediction of technical condition of dump truck life components using the Shewhart control charts

Assessment and prediction of technical condition of dump truck life components using the Shewhart control charts

НЕЙРОСЕТЕВАЯ СИСТЕМА ЛАЗЕРНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ ОСТЕКЛЕНИЯ КАБИН САМОЛЕТОВ

Assessing the technical condition of glazing elements in the cockpits of operational-tactical aircraft still remains the most important task in ensuring flight safety. To increase the efficiency of operations for non-destructive testing of glazing elements using the speckle structure method of optical radiation, the authors propose to use neural network technologies to automatically identify controlled areas in the cockpit. Artificial intelligence technologies have been used to realise this task. They are based on algorithms of semantic segmentation, classification and detection of monitored areas according to the established markers on the cabin due to the application of convolutional neural network on YOLOv8. The application of machine vision technology have made it possible real-time measurement of the glazing exit from the termination when overpressure has been created inside the cabin. This reduces the time for technical condition assessment by at least 10 times. The use of machine vision technologies have made it possible to measure the value of the glazing outlet from the sealing in real time when creating excessive pressure inside the cabin and thereby reduce the time to assess the technical condition by at least 10 times. The authors have established the reason for the discrepancy between the results of using the speckle-structure method of optical radiation in determining the value of glazing yield from the termination and the "tape" method and developed recommendations to reduce measurement errors.

New method of assessment of technical condition of vehicle internal combustion engines in the course of their long-term operationх длительной эксплуатации

Introduction (problem statement and relevance). Modern control over the vehicle engine technical condition is performed by measuring the coolant temperature and oil temperature.The purpose of the study is to examine the regularities of engine oil aging with determination of the causes of change of oil performance indicators, assessment of its admissible state and identification of optimal timing for its replacement according to the actual condition.Methodology and research methods. The results of bench and operational tests of three modern engine oils at long-term run in the KAMAZ family engines were analysed. Scientific novelty and results. The article presents the justification of usage of blow-by, which characterizes the rate of wear of the main friction surfaces inside the cylinder-piston and valve train group of parts, as an objective indicator of the engine technical condition.Practical significance. For further research, the problematic issues regarding technical condition quality control and service life increase for the vehicle internal combustion engine have been outlined.

Diagnostic method for a piezoelectric injector using the Newton-Cotes formula

The article presents an original method for regenerating common rail injectors, which involves extending the standard diagnostic procedure with a phase of analytical calculations. These calculations were conducted based on the closed Newton-Cotes formula (commonly known as the trapezoidal rule), allowing for the estimation of the resulting fuel injection surface areas and their comparison with the manufacturer's reference. The presented example demonstrates that the proposed solution is particularly useful in challenging situations where a clear assessment of the injector's technical condition is difficult. Several other advantages have been highlighted, making this method suitable for application in laboratory and workshop conditions.

Exploitation Perspective Index as a Support of the Management of the Transformer Fleet.

This paper presents an alternative approach to the Transformer Assessment Index (TAI) by proposing a relatively simple rating method called the Exploitation Perspective Index (EPI). The method provides two numerical indicators: the first reflects the overall technical condition of the particular unit, and the second shows the condition of the unit in the context of the entire fleet. The objective of the EPI method is to support the decision-making process regarding the technical condition assessment of each of the transformers in the target population, considering not only technical but also economic aspects of transformer maintenance. Application of the method is described step by step, including input data, parametrization of the weights, and interpretation of the output results it provides. The proposed method is evaluated by two representative use cases and compared with two other methods. As a result, EPI confirms its applicability, and it has already been successfully implemented by the electric power industry. EPI can be potentially freely adopted for any transformer fleet, as well as for the specific situation of the utility, by adjusting the relevant parameters.

Development of fuzzy classifier for technical condition ranking of power transformer

The work aim is to develop a fuzzy classifier for technical condition ranking of power transformer under condition of vagueness and ambiguity diagnostic information. Methodology. The fuzzy classifier developing for technical condition ranking of power transformer was based on approach of using fuzzy set theory and optimization methods. The proposed approach for power transformer rank assessment by using a classifier was developed on the basis of Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy inference system. The input indicators choice is justified and their efficiency for classifier is evaluated by expert evaluation method. This makes it possible to formalize expert assessments regarding the development of power transformer defects. Results. The formalization of technical condition assessment of power transformer in knowledge base form, which implemented in expert system prototype for technical condition assessment, was carried out. The complex technical condition assessment for each functional unit of power transformer was determined based on expert evaluations with using the test and measurement parameters results. Originality. The considered approach to formalization of uncertainty regarding technical condition of power transformer allows building a deterministic decision-making scheme for further maintenance strategy, in which the ranking and decommissioning procedures for specific objects are implemented on the basis of objective criteria. Practical value. The proposed fuzzy classifier allows determination with a high probability degree of technical condition assessment of power transformer based on the test and measurement parameters results. Thus, an applied aspect of using the obtained scientific result is the possibility to objectively rank of power transformers park based on the identified possible defects and their development degree. This constitutes the prerequisites for determining the failure probability evaluation of power transformer at nearest observation period and emergency risk assessment in integrated electric power systems under power transformer failures.

Automated crack segmentation on 3D asphalt surfaces with richer attention and hybrid pyramid structures

ABSTRACT Automated pavement crack detection is crucial to supporting fine pavement maintenance and ensuring safety for road facilities. Due to the complex pavement condition and crack features, it is still a critical challenge in intelligent pavement surveys. This paper proposed a novel pixel-level pavement crack segmentation network, PCSNet, to provide a solution to this challenge. The network has richer attention and hybrid pyramid structures, which implement full-process crack feature fusion and enhancement. The richer attention module consists of cascaded self-attention and attention gate modules. It captures the crack spatial dependence information and prunes the feature response. The hybrid pyramid structures consist of a multistage convolutional pyramid module and a pyramid pooling module. It integrates contextual information at multiple receptive field scales to enhance the potential crack feature representation. The proposed structure enriches the crack details and optimises the scene parsing on the global geometry of the cracks. A sizeable 3D pavement crack dataset is built for training and testing. The proposed network exhibited the best performance, achieving F1-score, mean intersection of union, and mean pixel accuracy of 81.21%, 77.13%, and 87.17%, respectively. The network can reconstruct the complete crack geometry, preserve the crack edges well, and optimises the detection of shallow and complex cracks. The method exhibits superior and robust performance, facilitating accurate pavement technical condition assessment and maintenance decisions.