Team Tournament Research Articles

Junior to senior transition of male elite junior tennis players: A retrospective study.

This study explores the intricate dynamics of the Junior-to-Senior (JTS) transition phase in elite tennis. Focusing on challenges faced by young talents, the research aims to unveil factors influencing successful transitions and the role of elite junior tournaments. In a retrospective analysis, male tennis players (n = 240) from national teams in the ITF World Junior Tennis Finals tournament (2012-2016) were analyzed using Chi-square tests, Cramer's V, Bayesian statistics, and Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR). Results revealed that 62.1% of elite junior participants were found in the Association of Tennis Professionals database, emphasizing the significance of team nominations and tournament results as important variables to monitor. Inferential and Bayesian statistics confirmed robustness, with MLR highlighting tournament results' importance. The findings highlight the complexities of the JTS transition and underscore the pivotal roles of participation, national team nominations, and tournament results. The study recommends the implementation of comprehensive player development programs, urging strategic team selections by national federations and academies. Coaches, stakeholders, and organizations should prioritize monitoring these variables for early talent identification and support. These measures collectively aim to optimize success trajectories, navigating the critical JTS phase in junior tennis players' sporting careers.

The Implementation of Scaffolding in Team Games Tournament (TGT) to Improve Students’ Participation and Learning Performance on Reproduction System Topics

Background: This study aims to describe the usage of scaffolding methods in the activeness and learning performance of students with Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning at SMA Negeri 5 Madiun. The type of analysis used is class action research (PTK). The subjects of this study are students of class XI MIPA 6 at SMA Negeri 5 Madiun. Methods: The method of data collection uses observation sheets to understand students’ activeness and pre-tests and post-tests to assess students’ learning performance. The technique used for data analysis is descriptive-quantitative. Results: The results of students’ activeness in Cycle I and Cycle II are 94% and 95%, respectively. There is also an improvement in students’ learning performance, as seen from the pre-tests and post-test results. The post-test results in Cycle I and Cycle II are 86% and 97%, respectively. The data analysis shows that applying the scaffolding method in Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning can improve students’ activeness and learning performance in class XI MIPA 6 at SMA Negeri 5 Madiun. Conclusions: Applying the scaffolding learning method to team games and tournament learning can increase the activeness and performance of students in the reproductive system material.

PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF (COOPERATIVE LEARNING) TIPE TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT DI KELAS II SDN CEMPAKA PUTIH BARAT 03 JAKARTA PUSAT

This study aims to describe the improvement in the quality of learning through cooperative learning models (Team Games and Tournaments) type of Cooperative Learning (TGT). This research is included in the class action research (CAR). The research subjects were 31 class IIA students with the object of research being the quality of learning. The technique for collecting data in this research is observation and documentation. The data collected is in the form of a questionnaire and a Likert scale. The results of this study indicate an increase in the quality of learning using cooperative learning models (Cooperative Learning) Team Games and Tournament (TGT) types. This can be proven by the average indicator of acquiring teacher skills scores, namely in cycle I the first meeting was 64.66% and the second meeting was 79.77%. While cycle II the first meeting averaged 86.15% and the second meeting was 93.85%. Meanwhile, the average acquisition value of student learning activities in the first cycle of the first meeting was 53.33% and the second meeting was 93.33%.

Relative age effect and performance in elite youth male basketball

The aims of the study were to (i) assess the Relative Age Effect (RAE) on elite young male basketball players, (ii) to analyze whether there is a difference between birth quarters (BQ) according to their minutes played and efficiency ratings as individual performance parameters and, (iii) to analyze the relationship between team efficiency, team success, and RAE with a new approach. The research was conducted on 678 players (Age:15.84 ± 0.42) from 53 teams in six different tournaments (from 2014 to 2019). Although, chi-square test showed that more players were born in first BQ than in all other BQs (p < 0.05), no significant difference between BQs and performance measures was found (p > 0.05). However, a relationship between team RAE score, tournament ranking, and team efficiency score was found (p < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a relationship between tournament rankings and team RAE rankings (p < 0.05). While players born in the first months of the year were more likely to be selected for the national youth teams, performance parameters did not show any significant difference when compared to other players who were born later in the same year. However, results showed that teams that have a higher number of athletes who were born in the earlier months of a year showed higher achievement in the tournaments.

Psychological Indicators Ensuring Efficiency of the Chess Player's Competitive Activity

The work is based on the discussion of psychological problems in modern chess, which are significantly related to the rapid growth of chess competitiveness in recent years, the frequency of participation in competitions, the intensity of competition and other similar manifestations.&#x0D; The study purpose. We tended to identify the most important psychological indicators that ensure the effectiveness of the chess player's competitive activity, to describe their correlational relations and the peculiarities of their manifestation.&#x0D; Materials and methods. The research process was carried out with interconnected laboratory-instrumental and non-instrumental methods, which are of great practical importance in psychology: questionnaires, tests, observations, mathematical statistical methods, as well as self-made "psychodiagnostic multifactorial" equipment. The research was organized among 30 grandmasters in the National men's chess team of the Republic of Armenia through different years, winners of the World Olympiad, World team tournaments, and the World Cup. It targeted the study of the four main areas of a chess player's psyche: competitive mental reliability, individual psychological characteristics, emotional states and emotional abilities.&#x0D; Results. As a result of the analysis of correlations, the following 8 patterns were singled out from 52 examined psychological indicators: stability to internal uncertainty stressors, competitive emotional endurance, personal anxiety, energetic sphere of competitive motivation, psycho-regulation, mobilization preparedness, attention features and complex motor reaction speed. We consider the selected indicators as the leading psychological factors that ensure the competitive process of the chess player.&#x0D; Conclusions. Effective manifestations of selected psychological indicators can enable a chess player to perform in a more stable and effective way during decisive competitions. The selected indicators can also describe the level of sports training of a highly qualified chess player and serve as model characteristics of psychological service.

A DETAILED STUDY OF REVENUE MODEL OF IPL BASED ON STAKE HOLDER REMUNERATION

IPL or Indian Premier League is India’s very own T-20 cricketing league whose fever has gripped the entire Indian cricket-crazy nation. This 8 team tournament is like a two-month long festival, which sends fans intoa frenzy wherein they root for their favorite players, treat them like Gods and get behind their favorite teams. Unknown players become instant heroes (and overnight millionaires) as they take on household names in the toughest and the most exciting T-20 league all over the world. The tournament promises instant and far reaching visibility to brands and in turn they pour in millions into the league- in form of sponsorships. Immense popularity of the tournament makes it a lucrative business which has several stakeholders associated with it. This study aims to study the ways in which these stakeholders make money and estimate the amount of money they make. Keywords: IPL, Stakeholders, Distribution, Sponsorships, Revenue, Net Profit, Valuation Impact

Fairness in penalty shootouts: Is it worth using dynamic sequences?

ABSTRACT The sequence of moves in a dynamic team tournament may distort the ex-ante winning probabilities and harm efficiency. This paper compares seven soccer penalty shootout rules that determine the kicking order, from a theoretical perspective. Their fairness is evaluated in a reasonable model of First Mover Advantage. We also discuss the probability of reaching the sudden death stage. In the case of stationary scoring probabilities, dynamic mechanisms are not better than static rules. However, it is worth compensating the second-mover by making it the first-mover in the sudden death stage. Our work has the potential to impact decision-makers who can guarantee fairer outcomes in dynamic tournaments by a carefully chosen sequence of actions.

Team vs. individual tournament: An organizer's dilemma

Tournament theory has been supported by many pieces of empirical research in different fields. However, tournament theory literature focuses largely on the incentives of individual competitors. In our paper we develop a model the organizer choice between team and individual tournament and suggest a model of rank-order tournaments between teams. We test its implications using eSports (competitive video gaming) data. We show that both team and individual results follow tournament theory, however, there is a difference between the motivation of groups and individuals. Our study provides insights on the optimal reward structure, which should maximize effort of contestants, and, in the case of sports tournaments, entertainment value of the events.

Optimal Sorting in Team Tournaments

Optimal Sorting in Team Tournaments

Injury rate in professional football: A systematic review

The goal of this paper is to determine the injury frequency rate in professional football players in leagues and national competitions by analyzing existing papers. We have chosen 21 articles according to the PRISMA method from the Google Scholar, ResearchGate Scopus, and Web of Science databases that fit both inclusion and exclusion criteria. We have discussed the following four segments based on the content of the selected papers: 1) An analysis of the injury frequency rate on the level of national teams, 2) An analysis of the injury frequency rate in club leagues, 3) A comparison of the injury frequency rate in matches and in practice, and 4) An analysis of the injury frequency rate in male versus female football players. The paper concludes that major national team tournaments have the highest injury frequency rate and that the probability of injury is four to five times higher in a match than in practice. The injury frequency rate in female players is lower than in male players regardless of the type of competition (national teams or leagues).

Psychological pressure and the right to determine the moves in dynamic tournaments – evidence from a natural field experiment

In this paper, we show that the right to determine the sequence of moves in a dynamic team tournament improves the chances of winning the contest. Because studying dynamic team tournaments – like R&D races – with interim feedback is difficult with company data, we examine decisions of highly paid professionals in soccer penalty shootouts and show that teams whose captains can decide about the shooting sequence are more likely to win the shootout. So, managerial decisions matter for outcomes of dynamic tournaments and we discuss potential reasons for this finding.

Rethinking extra-time in major national football tournaments

Extra-time (ET) of 30 minutes is played if football match scores are level after 90 minutes in tournament knockout play. The demanding schedule of these tournaments along with possible ET matches in the knockout stages significantly increase players’ overload and injury risk. Present study aimed to determine whether ET during major football national team tournaments contributes to the game outcome. Data on the percentage of elimination matches that needed ET, and the percentage of ET matches that eventually required shootouts were retrieved. Over the years, increased number of participating teams lead to increased number of knockout games, and more knockout games needed ET (13% until 1978, 33% from 1982, in FIFA World Cup). In a significant percentage of matches, the ET itself did not determine the winning team, and the majority of ET matches winners were determined by shootouts (FIFA World Cup since 1982: 60.8%; UEFA European championship: 61.3%; Copa America: 92%). The purpose of playing ET is to make a fair game outcome, and not leave the winning decision for shootouts. However, since in most matches ET does not determine the winner, while significantly increasing the player’s overload and injury susceptibility, the need for ET mandates rethinking.

Combining Egalitarian and Proportional Sharing Rules in Team Tournaments to Incentivize Energy-Efficient Behavior in a Principal-Agent Context

Triggering the energy-efficient behavior of agents in firms simultaneously decreases costs and mitigates CO2 emissions. If firms use team tournaments to increase energy-efficient behavior and thus employee performance, they may face unintended consequences, like a bifurcation effect: Individuals drop out if they believe that they cannot win the contest. By contrast, high-performing employees may overexert themselves. Additionally, some individuals might be tempted to free-ride. In a field experiment with truck drivers, we analyze whether proportional sharing of the bonus within teams based on individual effort instead of egalitarian sharing reduces both bifurcation and free-riding during team tournaments. Our results reveal that (1) the team contest improves performance; (2) this increase in performance is overall slightly stronger under the proportional than under the egalitarian sharing rule, using ceteris paribus comparisons; and (3) the performance increase is mainly driven by the team member performing worse.

Psychological Pressure and the Right to Determine the Moves in Dynamic Tournaments – Evidence from a Natural Field Experiment

In this paper, we show that the right to determine the sequence of moves in a dynamic team tournament improves the chances of winning the contest. Because studying dynamic team tournaments – like R&D races – with interim feedback is difficult with company data, we examine decisions of highly paid professionals in soccer penalty shootouts and show that teams whose captains can decide about the shooting sequence are more likely to win the shootout. So, managerial decisions matter for outcomes of dynamic tournaments and we discuss potential reasons for this finding.

Psychological Pressure and the Right to Determine the Moves in Dynamic Tournaments: Evidence from a Natural Field Experiment

In this paper, we show that the right to determine the sequence of moves in a dynamic team tournament improves the chances of winning the contest. Because studying dynamic team tournaments – like R&D races – with interim feedback is difficult with company data, we examine decisions of highly paid professionals in soccer penalty shootouts and show that teams whose captains can decide about the shooting sequence are more likely to win the shootout. So, managerial decisions matter for outcomes of dynamic tournaments and we discuss potential reasons for this finding.

ОЦЕНКА РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТИ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО ЭЛЕМЕНТА ЛОВЛИ И ПЕРЕДАЧИ МЯЧА КВАЛИФИЦИРОВАННЫХ КОМАНД В ГАНДБОЛЕ

. Introduction. The paper considers the efficiency of significant technical and tactical elements of the game (catching and passing the ball) in a competitive environment. The purpose of the study is to examine the performance of catching and passing by qualified handball teams using the HandballTraning computer program. Review of the literature. The coaches do not sufficiently focus on catching and passing techniques during training and competition. As a result, there are few scientific and methodological publications related to these elements. The paper reviews scientific publications by V.Ya. Ignatieva, V.V. Ampleeva, O.V. Romenskaya, I.Yu. Bliznova, Nguen Khyu Chung, and M.V. Zhiiyar. Material and methods. The study involved analyzing the games of the Belarusian Handball Championship among the women’s Top League teams. Seven teams participating in the Championship were analyzed, and 28 games were considered. The results of the study. Analysis of the games has indicated that the teams at the bottom of the championship table make a large number of errors in the considered game elements. It is also worth noting that more mistakes are made during important and crucial games, which determine the team tournament standings. Besides, outside and half-right and left players showed a low level of catching and passing the ball. Conclusion. The technique of catching and passing the ball makes a significant contribution to the victory of the team. This technique should be given more attention during the training of teams of different ages and levels of skills. Moreover, the level of general, special, and technical training of a player affects the performance and efficiency of catching and passing the ball, which is also worth paying attention to in the training process. Keywords: handball, technique, tactics, catching and passing the ball, information, and communication technologies.

Sport-Specific Associations of Specialization and Sex With Overuse Injury in Youth Athletes.

Significant evidence has emerged that sport specialization is associated with an increased risk of overuse injury in youth athletes. Several recommendations exist to reduce the risk of overuse injury in youth sports, but the risk of overuse injuries may be dependent on specific movements required by a given sport. Associations between specialized sport participation and overuse injury will exist in volleyball athletes but not soccer or basketball athletes. Female athletes will be more likely to report an overuse injury in the previous year, regardless of sport. Cross-sectional study. Level 3. Youth athletes between the ages of 12 and 18 years were recruited in-person at club team tournaments, competitions, and events around the state of Wisconsin during the 2016-2017 school year. Participants were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire that consisted of (1) participant demographics, (2) sport specialization status, (3) monthly and weekly sport volume, and (4) sport-related injury history in the previous year. A total of 716 youth athletes completed the questionnaire (70.8% female; mean age, 14.21 ± 1.50 years; 43.2% basketball, 19.4% soccer, 37.4% volleyball; 41.8% highly specialized; 32.3% reported overuse injury in the previous year). Sex was associated with overuse injury among basketball athletes, with female basketball athletes nearly 4 times more likely to report an overuse injury compared with male basketball athletes (odds ratio, [OR], 3.7; 95% CI, 2.1-6.6; P < 0.001). High specialization (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.1-4.9; P = 0.02) and participating in a single sport for more than 8 months per year (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1-3.5; P < 0.05) were associated with overuse injury only among volleyball athletes. Specialization and exceeding 8 months per year in a single sport was associated with overuse injury in volleyball, which is one of the most popular youth sports for female athletes. Specialization was not associated with overuse injury in basketball or soccer athletes. Female basketball athletes were nearly 4 times more likely to report a history of overuse injury compared with male basketball athletes. The sex of a youth athlete and the sport that he or she plays may influence the risk of overuse injury associated with sport specialization. Youth athletes, parents, and clinicians should be aware that the potential risks of specialization might vary based on the athlete's sport and sex.

Adding tournament to tournament: Combining between-team and within-team incentives

We examine theoretically and experimentally how combining between-team and within-team incentives affects behavior in team tournaments. Theory predicts that free-riding will occur when there are only between-team incentives, and offering within-team incentives may solve this problem. However, if individuals collude, then within-team incentives may not be as effective at reducing free-riding. Consistent with the theoretical predictions, the results of our experiment indicate that although between-team incentives are effective at increasing individual effort, there is substantial free-riding and declining effort over time. Importantly, a combination of between-team and within-team incentives is effective not only at generating effort but also at sustaining effort over time, mitigating free-riding problem, increasing cooperation and decreasing collusion within teams.

Peer-dependent incentives and prepaid bonuses: An experimental investigation of productivity improvement

I use insights gained from the literature of incentive design and gift exchange to explore the most efficient approaches for improving employee productivity. By considering two potential influence factors simultaneously, i.e. the peer-dependent incentives and the prepaid signing bonus, I create an experimental labor market in which “workers” can join “companies” that pay according to different peer-dependent incentives: revenue sharing, individual tournament and team tournament. Meanwhile, a prepaid signing bonus is designed as a random number which is given exogenously in addition to a certain incentive. My main findings include (i) the incentive that is more competitive generates higher individual productivity; and (ii) regardless of incentives, an additional signing bonus can always induce employees to improve their productivity. Hence I suggest that the optimal incentive design should consider the combination use of peer-dependent incentive and prepaid bonus.

Adding Tournament to Tournament: Combining Between-Team and Within-Team Incentives

We examine theoretically and experimentally how combining between-team and within-team incentives affects behavior in team tournaments. Theory predicts that free-riding is likely to occur when there are only between-team incentives, and offering within-team incentives may solve this problem. However, if individuals collude, then within-team incentives may not be as effective at reducing free-riding. Consistent with the theoretical predictions, the results of our experiment indicate that although between-team incentives are effective at increasing individual effort, there is substantial free-riding and declining effort over time. Importantly, a combination of between-team and within-team incentives is effective not only at generating effort but also at sustaining effort over time, mitigating free-riding problem, increasing cooperation and decreasing collusion within teams.