We hypothesize that as time passes and allows for greater collaboration among team members,the negative effects of surface-level (demographic) diversity are weakened, but the negative effects of deep-level (psychological) diversity are strengthened. We also propose that perceived diversity mediates the impact of actual demographic and psychological differences on team social integration and team task performance. These hypotheses were tested by tracking the development of 144 student project teams over 15 weeks. Theoretical constructs were measured at multiple times using a four-wave design. Data were collected prior to team formation (Time 1)and used to derive surface-level diversity measures for age, race, gender and marital status, as well as deep-level diversity measures for personality (conscientiousness), and values. Measures of collaboration, perceived diversity, and deep-level diversity were collected after teams had worked together for approximately one-third of their designated term (Time 2). ...
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