Abstract The stable operation of multiple equipment in the converter station can ensure the safety of the DC transmission system. Once the fault occurs, it will pose a threat to the safety and stability of the power grid. It is necessary to monitor the running state of all kinds of equipment, and study the monitoring system of the running state data of the converter station equipment based on sensor information and a three-dimensional positioning algorithm. In terms of hardware design, TCP and IP communication protocols are used to connect the sensors, and the sensors are arranged according to the vibration conduction standard, constituting a three-layer monitoring architecture of monitoring center, sensor, and equipment. The sensor module is connected by interface, and the structure of the connecting control board for sensor data transmission is set to increase the flexibility of sensor nodes. In software design, the basic information of converter station equipment is corresponding to sensor technology, and the database of operating equipment is established. A three-dimensional positioning algorithm is used to determine the data output form, detect the running state data of the converter station equipment, and complete the system design. The experiment takes various types of running data as the test object. Under the system application in this paper, different running data can be correctly classified and data monitoring under various states can be realized, which has application value.