Taxpayer Compliance Behavior Research Articles

Exploring the relationship between taxpayers and tax authorities in the digital era: evidence on tax compliance behavior in emerging economies

Purpose This study aims to understand the determinants of the relationship between tax authorities and taxpayers in the digital era and how this relationship impacts tax compliance behavior, especially in the context of emerging countries like Morocco. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative methodology was adopted, involving interviews with tax inspectors and auditors, certified accountants’ experts and tax consultants. Data analysis was conducted using IRAMUTEQ software. Findings The research highlights that the relationship's quality and the level of mutual trust between tax authorities and taxpayers are critical in determining tax compliance in the digital era. Central factors affecting this relationship encompass effective communication, simplification of tax procedures, clarity of tax laws and the digitization of tax services. Furthermore, the study emphasizes that these dynamics and determinants significantly influence the tax compliance behavior of taxpayers in Morocco, revealing intricate connections between relational aspects and compliance attitudes. Practical implications The findings suggest that fostering a mutually trusting relationship, through improved communication, simplification and digitization, can enhance taxpayer compliance. This is valuable for policymakers and tax authorities developing strategies to improve tax systems in emerging countries. Originality/value This study contributes to the sparse literature on the relationship between tax authorities and taxpayers in the and digital era, offering new insights into factors that influence tax compliance in the post COVID-19 crisis context. Its practical recommendations provide a foundation for developing strategies aimed at improving this relationship and, consequently, taxpayer compliance behavior in emerging countries.

Investigating the compliance behavior of GST taxpayers: An extension to theory of planned behavior

The government around the globe are striving to improve their public finance to meet their public expenditures and for sustainable development of their economies. However, the capability of the governments to generate adequate revenue is limited and refrained by numerous factors. The non‐compliance behavior of GST taxpayers is one of the major factors attributed to this phenomenon. Therefore, this paper endeavors to frame and validate a comprehensive instrumental scale with the application of the extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) for analyzing the determinants of compliance behavior of GST taxpayers in India. The current study has adopted the quantitative design through exploratory and confirmatory studies by incorporating qualitative semi‐structured interviews with 100 GST consultants to validate the instrumental scale. The study has collected a random sample of 339 GST taxpayers using snowball random sampling. Meanwhile, the study has employed the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) for analyzing the collected data. The result affirms six major factors in determining the compliance behavior of GST taxpayers explaining 65.166% of the total variance. The findings have instituted perceived complexity, trust and moral obligation in addition to three major constructs of TPB theory namely attitude behavior, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control of the GST taxpayers. The results explicate that the compliance behavior of GST taxpayers is a dynamic and multifaceted phenomenon and it is critical for GST authorities to comprehend the compliance behavior of GST taxpayers. The result explicates that there is a need to simplify and rationalize the GST system in India to increase voluntary compliance of taxpayers. The results also endorse for building trust between GST taxpayers, GST authorities and the state. This study may act as a baseline for formulating policies and strategies on GST in India. There is hardly any national and international study that has applied the extended theory of planned behavior for studying the antecedents of compliance behavior of GST taxpayers.

Application of Theory of Planned Behavior on Determinants of GST Compliance Behavior of GST Taxpayers: An Empirical Study from India

The Indian government has recently transformed its indirect taxation system with the adoption of Goods and Service Tax (GST) in India. However, this taxation reform has a direct impact on the compliance behavior of the taxpayer as explicated by low GST revenue of the country. Since GST is a new taxation law in India, it become pertinent to explore the compliance behavior of GST taxpayers to proffer valuable suggestions and feedback to the concerned authorities for devising appropriate policies and strategies to comprehend and control the non-compliance behavior of the GST taxpayers. Therefore, the present study analyzed the compliance behavior of GST taxpayers by synthesizing the theory of planned behavior by collecting the data from 503 GST taxpayers using snowball random sampling with the application of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The collected data was analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to confirm the theory of planned behavior to comprehend the compliance behavior of the GST taxpayers. The findings of the study assert that the theory of planned behavior explain the 60.1% variance of the total compliance behavior of the GST taxpayers. Moreover, the findings posit that the attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control have a positive impact on the compliance behavior of the GST taxpayers. The proposed instrumental scale may be applied in future research studies to comprehend the compliance behavior of GST taxpayers at national and international level and therefore, this study may have major implications for the government, academicians and policy makers for improving the compliance behavior of the GST taxpayers.

TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE BEHAVIOR ON MUSLIM MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE ACTORS IN PASURUAN CITY INDONESIA

The rapid growth of the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) sector in Pasuruan City does not align with the anticipated level of taxpayer compliance behavior. This discrepancy creates a conflicting situation where the potential revenue generated by the sector clashes with the issue of tax non-compliance, posing a threat to Regional Revenue and the Islamic economy. Therefore, this study examined the understanding, behavior, and Maqasid Al-Shari'ah review of taxpayer compliance behavior of Muslim MSME actors in Pasuruan using a phenomenological qualitative approach. Data were collected through open observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results showed that applicable tax policy was understood through socialization organized by the Cooperative and MSME Office continuously with a humanist approach. Meanwhile, the relationship between Maqāṣid al-Sharī`ah values and tax policy was to provide education by conducting socialization to the community regarding its content and benefits. In the concept of Maqāṣid al-Sharī`ah adh-ḍarūriyāt, the tax policy carried out by the government was included in Hifdzul Maal. This was the top Maqāṣid al-Sharī`ah benefit as a reinforcement of religiosity theory by adding the factors of blessing and economic justice. In contrast, the tax function, policy, registration, payment, rates, and reporting were reinforced by Muslim religiosity.

Taxpayer Compliance Behavior: A Qualitative Analysis Of The Impact Of Tax Incentives, Income Levels, And Sanctions

This qualitative study investigates taxpayer compliance behavior by examining the influence of tax incentives, income levels, and sanctions. Through in-depth interviews and thematic analysis, the research explores the motivations and decision-making processes behind taxpayers' compliance or non-compliance. The findings shed light on the complex interplay between tax policy measures and individual taxpayer behavior, providing valuable insights for policymakers and tax authorities.

Determinants of Post-Tax Audit Compliance in Ghana

Governments derive a significant portion of their income from taxation. Collection of tax is however impeded by tax non-compliant activities as well as tax evasion. This necessitates measures to ensure tax compliance, such as tax audits. The study looked into the factors that influence taxpayers' post-audit compliance behavior in Ghana, with the Ho and Hohoe Small Taxpayer Offices as a case study. The focus of the study was on the effectiveness of tax audit procedures, post-tax audit compliance behavior of taxpayers, and taxpayers' experience with tax officers during and after the first tax audit. To achieve this aim, the study utilized the case study method of research. The researcher used the purposive sampling technique to select respondents for the questionnaire survey. The primary goal of the research was to investigate the efficacy of tax audit methods. The study identified that tax audit procedures were most effective in the Ho and Hohoe Small Taxpayer offices. The effectiveness of the audit procedures was ensured through the thorough examination of all relevant books and documents by skilled auditors. The second purpose of the study was to investigate the post-tax audit compliance behaviour of taxpayers. The study found that, after the audit procedures, taxpayers started filing tax returns accurately and timely. This improvement was primarily due to the level of education provided by tax officers during tax audits. Finally, the last objective sought to examine taxpayers' experience with tax officers during and after the first tax audit. The study found that there were very few cases (11.40%) where respondents agreed that auditors compelled them to do something to reduce the tax. However, tax officers endeavored to provide legal backing and explanation for every decision made. The learning process that tax officers took taxpayers through has built a cordial relationship between the two parties. Tax audits, when structured to ensure proper collection of taxes, can lead to minimal tax avoidance and tax evasion and strict compliance with the applicable tax laws, and an enhanced degree of voluntary tax compliance.

KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI BUKAN PEGAWAI: HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PENDAPATAN DAN PERSEPSI WAJIB PAJAK

Taxpayer compliance is actually closely related to the perception of taxpayers in assessing the tax itself. In the last five years, the taxpayer compliance ratio has never reached the target set. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of income variables and taxpayer perceptions on individual non-employee taxpayer compliance. This study uses a quantitative approach with a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The sample used is 137 individual non-employee taxpayers at KPP Pratama North Badung. This study uses six independent variables, namely income, taxpayers' perceptions of tax sanctions, taxpayers' perceptions of law enforcement, taxpayers' perceptions of fair tax treatment, taxpayers' perceptions of transparent and accountable use of tax money, and taxpayers' perceptions of tax incentives. Data analysis was carried out using the structural equation model (SEM) method, with the AMOS 22 program. The results of the analysis show that individual non-employee taxpayer compliance behavior is influenced by income factors and taxpayer perceptions. All independent variables have a positive effect on taxpayer compliance.

INVESTIGATE THE RELIGIOSITY ON INDIVIDUAL TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE BEHAVIOR IN PAREPARE CITY

Research on taxpayer compliance behavior is more focused on individual external value factors. Another factor that deserves attention related to taxpayer compliance behavior is the individual's internal value. One of the internal values that can be a determining factor for tax compliance is religiosity. Religiosity in the form of religious teachings teaches things that are useful for maintaining individual honesty, in this case the taxpayer. Previous research indicated that religiosity is one of the factors that influence voluntary compliance of taxpayers. The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence that religiosity affects taxpayer compliance. By using taxpayer respondents who are in the City of Parepare, evidence is obtained that religiosity has a significant influence on voluntary tax compliance.

Tax compliance behavior of taxpayers in Ethiopia: A review paper

This review paper attempted to assess the tax compliance behavior of taxpayers in Ethiopia. The objectives were specifically to identify determinants and challenges of tax compliance behavior of taxpayers in Ethiopia. Taxes are the most important sources of the government that make it possible to finance infrastructure, investment, and the provision of services for citizens. Tax compliance involves being aware and complying with tax laws and regulations set by the government and tax authorities. Tax non-compliance is an unwillingness in obeying tax laws and regulations. Tax non-compliance has been a challenge to the government and tax authorities in collecting as much tax as required for the nation. Failure to comply with tax prevents adequate revenue collection of the state. The major challenges of tax compliance in Ethiopia are the complexity of the tax system, inefficiency of tax authorities, lack of tax knowledge and awareness, negative perception of taxpayers, a negative act of tax assessors, absence of tax training, lack of transparency of tax system, arbitrary estimation of taxes, personal financial constraints, political instability and lack of timely tax audit.

Individual Taxpayer Compliance Behavior: Influence of Educational Level, Income Level Ethnic Diversity

The purpose of this study is to investigate how individual taxpayer compliance at PT Trans Indonesia Superkoridor is impacted by factors like as income, education, and ethnic diversity. This study employs quantitative methodology. Primary data were used in this study, and respondents were given questionnaires to complete to collect data. Purposive sampling, with a sample size of 153 respondents, was the sampling strategy utilized. The following tests were used in this study: The F test, the partial test (t test), the heteroscedasticity test, the multicollinearity test, multiple regression analysis, and normality test. The study's findings demonstrate that ethnic diversity and educational attainment have a favorable and substantial impact on individual taxpayer compliance, while the level of income does not have a positive and insignificant effect on individual taxpayer compliance. The managerial implication of these findings is that companies and governments need to consider these factors in designing policies and strategies to improve individual tax compliance. tax education tailored to educational level, and a deep understanding of ethnic diversity to create an environment that supports tax compliance.

The Moderating Role of Social Norms on Tax Compliance Model: A Laboratory Experimental Evidence in Indonesia

This study aims to examine the role of social norms in increasing tax compliance. The traditional model of tax compliance predicts that audits and tax fines are the determinants of tax compliance. This study proposes that social norms would strengthen the effect of the economic factors (i.e., audits and penalties) on tax compliance behavior. Social norms regard tax fraud as incorrect behavior. From an economic perspective, taxpayers consider the social norms because violations of the tax rules bring social pressures that have an economic impact on the perpetrators of tax fraud. This study uses an experimental laboratory method with a 2x2 between subjects factorial design. Our final sample consisted of 198 subjects. This study provides empirical evidence that social norms strengthen the effect of tax fines, hence improving tax compliance. However, this study fails to provide empirical evidence that social norms enhance the effect of the probability of being audited and thus enhance tax compliance. This study contributes to the recent literature about non-standard motivations for tax compliance. Theoretically, this study implies that the standard model of tax compliance is not enough to explain taxpayer compliance behavior. This study also suggests the importance of developing social norms to the policymakers.

Deterrence or conformity?-An analysis of digital economy taxpayer compliance behavior based on prospect theory.

Taking the tax evasion of live streamers as a reference case, this article aims to establish a tax compliance prospect theory model, in which the reference point is determined by the taxpayer's perceived compliance level. The taxpayer compliance behavior is analyzed from two dimensions of the tax authority's audit deterrence and the taxpayer's conformity mentality. We find that both deterrence effect and conformity effect are existing in the taxpayer compliance behavior, which is affected by the tax authority's enforcement effort. When the enforcement effort is low, the deterrence effect and the conformity effect do not exist, and the taxpayer does not comply at all. When the enforcement effort is moderate, the deterrence effect and the conformity effect coexist and the taxpayer complies partially. Besides, the taxpayer compliance level will not exceed the perceived compliance level, and an increase in the perceived compliance level will prompt the taxpayer to comply more. When the enforcement effort is high, there is only a strong deterrence effect, and the taxpayer completely complies. We use the theoretical analysis result to explain the tax compliance behavior of live streamers and find that it is consistent with the predictions of the model. Finally, we propose some policy recommendations on tax administration in digital economy.

The effect of attitude and religiosity on tax compliant intention moderated by the utilization of e-Filing

This research examined the effect of religiosity and attitude on tax compliant intention, moderated by The utilization of e-Filing. This research was analytical research with a quantitative approach. Data analysis used the measurement model Structural Equation Model (SEM) with the WarpPLS approach because the model used moderating variables where the WarpPLS approach is very well used in a model like this. The analysis tools use WarpPLS 6.0 Software. Large taxpayers are generally in the form of agencies and individuals, so the population of this study was companies that are in the Directorate General of Taxation of Large Taxpayers Jakarta, Large Tax Service Offices 1 and 2, totaling 529 companies. Religiosity (X1) and attitude (X2) significantly influence tax compliant intention (Y1). The utilization of e-Filing showed a significant moderating effect on the research model. The novelties that can be found in this study include the development of the Theory of Planned Behavior from the basic theory proposed by Ajzen (1991) by involving other variables that affect taxpayer compliance behavior, namely the religiosity of taxpayers. The development of concepts or models of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in tax involves the variables of religiosity, attitude, tax compliant intention, and the utilization of the e-Filing system. In addition, it involves the utilization of the e-Filing variable as a moderating variable.

Trying to Make a Good First Impression: A Natural Field Experiment to Engage New Entrants to the Tax System

Very little is known about the compliance behavior of first-time taxpayers although their tax paying habits may affect the long-run functioning of a tax system. This paper studies the compliance behavior of new entrants to the tax system using data from a large-scale natural field experiment that was implemented in collaboration with the Australian Taxation Office (ATO). We examine the effectiveness of a welcome letter from the tax authority that aims to nudge first-time taxpayers to lodge their first income tax return. We compare this letter to a standard letter that emphasizes the possibility of penalties and interest charges. We find that both letters have surprisingly similar effects on tax compliance, suggesting that the main channel through which the letters affect individual behavior is by providing information. By contrast, the type of messaging and the way in which information is presented to first-time taxpayers appear to be relatively unimportant. Our analysis of heterogeneous treatment effects indicates that both letters are most effective for young entrants to the tax system and, within this group, more effective for Australian citizens than for visa holders.

FACTORS OF COMPLIANCE, NEGOTIATION, MORAL, PROFIT MANAGEMENT, FISCAL POLICY IN EXECUTING TAX OBLIGATIONS (Case research on MSME processing industry in Mojokerto)

This research aims to analyze how the behavior of MSME taxpayers in carrying out their tax obligations. The research population is MSME taxpayers domiciled in Mojokerto. The sample of this research involved 42 respondents using the purposive sampling method, questionnaire as an instrument, and processed using SEM approach Warp PLS 6.0. The results show that taxpayer compliance behavior, taxpayers' willingness to negotiate, and provision of financial statements based on earnings management positively impact tax obligations as measured by the amount of voluntary tax compliance. Still, the tax morale of taxpayers has a negative impact on tax obligations incurred, calculated based on the value of voluntary tax compliance, taxpayer compliance behavior, the willingness of taxpayers to negotiate, provision of financial reports based on earnings management mediating the perception that MSME fiscal policy has a positive impact on tax obligations as measured by the value of voluntary tax compliance. In contrast, the tax morale of taxpayers is mediated by the perception of MSME's fiscal policy having a negative impact on voluntary tax compliance. Recently, it found that obedient taxpayers in carrying out their tax obligations are influenced by the behavior of taxpayers, not because of regulations. Behavior is seen from economic conditions, finances using a fiscal policy approach for MSMEs, and a conceptual system based on a developing view of the tax policy. .
 
 Keywords : Taxpayer Behavior, Tax Obligations, and Voluntary Tax Compliance.

Tax Compliance Behavior of Micro-Multinational Enterprises (mMNEs)

Purpose: Digitalization transforms business processes and benefits enterprises to operate across borders. As a result of digitalization, the business operates internationally through micro firms. These micro firms are smaller entrepreneurial firms identified as micro-multinational (mMNEs) presence in different countries used as a vehicle to artificially reduce taxable income or shift their profits to low or no-tax jurisdiction. Methodology: Although the growing number of research to understand the compliance behavior of taxpayers, there is a lack of research to understand the tax compliance behavior of micro multinationals. Under the phenomenological approach, we uncover the factors that influence on tax compliance behavior of the entrepreneurs in the digital economy. Findings: Broadly, the tax compliance behavior of micro multinational enterprises is influenced by the taxing capability of the authority and taxpayer confidence and Technology adoption in tax compliance increase taxpayer interaction. Originality/Value: In this study we attempted to understand the tax compliance behavior of Micro-Multinational Enterprises.

Impact of tax fairness and tax knowledge on tax compliance behavior of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria

Tax compliance is a major contemporary debate surrounding corporate taxation in the business world. The tax avoidance issue, which remains an ethical problem for companies, has been a general concern in developed and developing countries alike. The main problem of this study is a non-tax compliance behavior of the corporate organization taxpayers in Nigeria. This study examined the influence of tax fairness on the tax compliance behavior of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The paper adopted a survey research method, and four hundred (400) copies of the questionnaire were administered to the selected manufacturing companies of both consumer and industrial goods sectors. The Laffer Curve Theory underpinned this study and Correlation Analysis, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Multiple Regression Analysis were also employed. The study found that there is a significant level of tax compliance among the listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study also shows that the corporate taxpayer’s perception of fairness of –2.765 (0.006) has a significant impact on corporate taxpayers’ willingness to pay taxes and tax knowledge of 4.601 (0.000) significantly influenced tax compliance. Based on tax knowledge, the study recommends that tax authorities must improve the knowledge of taxpayers and tax collection agents through programs, initiatives, and training on tax awareness.

Effect of Religiosity, Perceived Risk, and Attitude on Tax Compliant Intention Moderated by e-Filing

This research examined the effect of Religiosity, Perceived Risk, and Attitude on Tax Compliant Intention, moderated by e-Filing. This research used a quantitative approach which involved the Structural Equation Model (SEM). Large taxpayers are generally in the form of agencies and individuals, so the population of this study comprised of companies that are in the Directorate General of Taxation of Large Taxpayers Jakarta, Large Tax Service Offices 1 and 2, totaling 529 companies. Religiosity (X1) and Perceived Risk (X2) significantly influence Attitude (Y1). Furthermore, Attitude (Y1) has a positive and significant effect on Tax Compliant Intention (Y2). e-Filing showed an insignificant moderating effect on the research model. The novelties are the development of the Theory of Planned Behavior by involving other variables that affect taxpayer compliance behavior, namely Religiosity and the perceived risk of taxpayers. In addition, this research involves the e-Filing variable as a moderating variable.

Empirical Study of Moral Obligations, Trust in Government and Intention to Be Compliant toward Tax Compliance

This study aims to investigate the tax compliance behavior of taxpayers' internal factors, particularly the perception of individual taxpayers regarding moral obligations, trust in government and intentions to be compliant. The research was conducted by modifying the TPB model by replacing new predictors that affect intention, moral obligation and trust in the government. The population in this study were all individual taxpayers who were registered at KPP Pratama Manado. Samples with purposive sampling technique are all individual taxpayers registered at KPP Pratama Manado whose taxes are not deducted by third parties or who have independent jobs. The results showed that 1) the higher the morale of the taxpayer, the higher the intention of the taxpayer to be compliant and the higher the level of taxpayer compliance. 2) the higher the level of trust of taxpayers to the government, the taxpayers will behave obediently to taxes. 3) The higher the intention of the taxpayer to be compliant, the more the taxpayer will behave obediently to taxes.

Determinants of Tax Compliance Behaviour among Rental Income Earners in Pokhara

Rental tax is an important source of revenue for local government units. After Nepal adopted fiscal federalism, concerns have been shown by policymakers as well as academicians on the fiscal sustainability of the local government units. In this context, this study attempts to explore tax compliance behaviour among rental income owners in Pokhara. The study is based on a survey of 196 households located in wards 9, 11 and 17 of Pokhara Metropolitan City. The wards represent commercial, semi-urban, and densely populated areas of the city respectively. The required data were gathered employing a self-administered questionnaire comprising Likert scales to measure tax awareness, attitude towards tax, cost of non-compliance, peer influence for compliance, government incentives, and tax compliance behavior of the rental income earner. The data collected were analyzed employing ANOVA, correlation and multiple regression. The research revealed a positive relationship between tax awareness, attitude towards tax, peer influence, and government incentives with tax compliances. The study findings depict that the taxpayers’ awareness and perception towards tax are important variables that affect the compliance behavior of rental taxpayers. Moreover, the results reveal that the rental income earner in Pokhara does not comply with the tax rules due to the lower cost of non-compliance as negative relationship established was found between tax compliance and the cost of non-compliance. Metropolitan tax authority needs to focus on awareness and government incentives rather than the cost of non-compliance for better adherence to tax rules among rental taxpayers.