PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 断根结合生长素和钾肥施用对烤烟生长及糖碱比、有机钾指数的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201304110679 作者: 作者单位: 河南农业大学烟草学院;河南省烟草公司济源市公司,河南省烟草公司济源市公司,河南农业大学烟草学院,河南省烟草公司济源市公司,河南农业大学烟草学院,河南省烟草公司济源市公司,河南农业大学烟草学院,郑州轻工业学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 河南省烟草公司科技攻关项目(HYKJ2011M01, HYKJ201043) Combined effects of root cutting, auxin application, and potassium fertilizer on growth, sugar:nicotine ratio, and organic potassium index of flue-cured tobacco Author: Affiliation: College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University;Jiyuan Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco Company,Jiyuan Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco Company,College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Jiyuan Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco Company,College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Jiyuan Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco Company,College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:河南济源烟区存在着烟叶糖碱比高、有机钾指数较低的生产现状,通过田间试验研究了打顶时断根(C)、打顶时断根结合喷施IAA(C+I)、打顶时断根结合追施钾肥(C+K)、打顶时断根结合喷施IAA并追施钾肥(C+K+I)和对照(CK)5种处理对烤烟生物量及糖碱比、有机钾指数的影响。结果表明:不同调控措施在烟株成熟期较对照均能增加根部、叶片的干重,减少烟碱、总糖在中上部烟叶的累积。断根结合喷施IAA能降低各部位烟叶的糖碱比,且以C+K+I处理的降幅最大,在下、中、上叶位中较对照分别降低了19.12%、15.33%和8.15%。与对照相比,各处理均能提高不同部位烟叶K+含量,降低Cl-和SO42-含量。C+K+I处理能极显著提高各部位烟叶的有机钾指数,且在中上部烟叶中增幅最大,较对照分别提高了125.00%和209.43%。总的看来,打顶时断根结合喷施IAA并追施钾肥能促进烟叶中的干物质积累、降低糖碱比、提高有机钾指数,进而提高烟叶的内在品质。 Abstract:The total sugars and nicotine content in tobacco leaves affects the acid-base balance, while the ratio of total sugars to nicotine reflects the balance between tobacco taste and stimulation.The Project of International Quality Tobacco Development specified that the suitable ratio of total sugars to nicotine in Chinese tobacco was 8-12.Tobacco with high potassium content burns well with little tar release and has a satisfactory flavor.However, higher Cl- and SO42- contents in tobacco are associated with lower potassium contents and reduced leaf flammability.The combination of potassium and organic acids contributes to the combustibility of tobacco leaf.The organic potassium index is the total potassium content minus the combined contents of Cl- and SO42-.As a composite index, the organic potassium index reflects all the ions that affect the quality of flue-cured tobacco.The combustibility of tobacco with a low organic potassium index will be low, even if its total potassium content is relatively high.Varieties of flue-cured tobacco with a high total sugar:nicotine ratio and a low organic potassium index have been grown in tobacco-growing areas of Jiyuan, Henan Province, for a long time.Cutting roots can promote the growth of new roots and improve root activity.Applying auxin and potassium fertilizer can increase the potassium content in tobacco leaves, and strengthen the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of flue-cured tobacco after topping.However, the combined effects of root cutting, auxin application, and potassium fertilizer on tobacco quality had not been evaluated.In this study, we applied the following five treatments to tobacco: root cutting while topping (C); root cutting and auxin (indole-3-acetic acid; IAA) application while topping (C+I); root cutting and potassium topdressing while topping (C+K); root cutting, IAA application, and potassium topdressing while topping (C+K+I); and topping only (CK).We determined the effects of these treatments on tobacco biomass, the sugar:nicotine ratio, and the organic potassium index of tobacco in field experiments.All of these measures increased the biomass of roots and leaves at the advanced stage of maturity, compared with those of CK.Compared with the C treatment, the C+K+I treatment increased biomass of roots and leaves.All of these measures also decreased nicotine accumulation and total sugar content in upper leaves.Spraying tobacco plants with IAA reduced the sugar:nicotine ratio in various parts of tobacco plants; the largest decrease in the leaf sugar:nicotine ratio was in the C+K+I treatment.In that treatment, the sugar:nicotine ratio in the lower, middle, and upper tobacco leaves decreased by 19.12%, 15.33%, and 8.15%, respectively, compared with those in CK.In all of the treatments, the potassium content increased and the Cl- and SO42- contents decreased, compared with their respective contents in CK.The C+K+I treatment increased the organic potassium index in lower, middle, and upper leaves.The largest increase was in the middle and upper leaves, which showed a 125% and 209% increase in organic potassium index, respectively, compared with that of the respective tissues in CK.From these results, we can conclude that the combination of root cutting, IAA application, and topdressing with potassium fertilizer contributes to the accumulation of dry matter, decreases the sugar:nicotine ratio, and increases the organic potassium index of flue-cured tobacco.Because most tobacco grown in China has a high nicotine content and a low ratio of total sugars to nicotine, this treatment could be used in different areas according to each local situation.Further research is required to clarify the mechanisms by which cutting, plant hormones, and potassium fertilizer treatments cause these physiological changes. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献