Opinion Mining Tasks Research Articles

Characteristics of opinions in the societal and non-societal domains

With the increasing availability of user opinions on the web, understanding the distinct nature of opinions in societal and non-societal contexts becomes crucial for opinion mining and sentiment analysis tasks. Societal topics, encompassing social unrest, terrorist acts, and government policies, differ significantly from non-societal topics like product reviews, movie reviews, and restaurant reviews. Given the regional specificity of societal issues and the lack of sentiment-annotated resources for them, this paper highlights the need to comprehend the differences in opinions between these domains for effective sentiment analysis. Through statistical text and network analysis, it investigates word usage, sentiment word association, and homogeneity in societal versus non-societal contexts. The study also explores graph-based analysis as a novel approach to sentiment analysis, considering its advantage in easily expanding context through the addition of nodes, as opposed to the complexity of inserting relevant tokens in text. The findings suggest that while non-societal sentiment resources might not be directly applicable to societal domains, graph-based analysis offers promising avenues for sentiment analysis in diverse societal topics.

Aspect extraction with enriching word representation and post-processing rules

The detection of mentioned aspects in product reviews is one of the significant and complex tasks in opinion mining. Recently, contextual-based approaches have significantly improved the accuracy of aspect extraction over non-contextual embeddings. However, these approaches are often computationally expensive and time-consuming; thus, applying such heavy models with insufficient resources and within runtime systems is impractical in many realistic scenarios. The present investigation sought an efficient, practical deep-learning-based model that relies on the complementary power of various existing non-contextual embeddings. In this regard, two morphology-based (character and FastText) and two syntax-based (POS and extended dependency skip-gram) embeddings were used alongside a base word embedding (GloVe) to form an enriched word representation layer. The presented model was integrated into the proposed network architecture (extended BiGRU). Finally, two novel post-processing rules were applied to refine the errors in the model's predictions. The proposed model achieved F-scores of 0.86, 0.91, 0.79, and 0.80 for the SemEval 2014 laptop domain and the SemEval 2015–2016 restaurant domain, respectively. Furthermore, the results were validated by comparing the computational and temporal efficiency of the proposed model with seven BERT-family transformers through statistical tests.

Sentiment Analysis Based on Performance of Linear Support Vector Machine and Multinomial Naïve Bayes Using Movie Reviews with Baseline Techniques

Movies are the better source of entertainment. Every year, a great percentage of movies are released. People comment on movies in the form of reviews after watching them. Since it is difficult to read all of the reviews for a movie, summarizing all of the reviews will help make this decision without wasting time in reading all of the reviews. Opinion mining also known as sentiment analysis is the process of extracting subjective information from textual data. Opinion mining involves identifying and extracting the opinions of individuals, which can be positive, neutral, or negative. The task of opinion mining also called sentiment analysis is performed to understand people’s emotions and attitudes in movie reviews. Movie reviews are an important source of opinion data because they provide insight into the general public’s opinions about a particular movie. The summary of all reviews can give a general idea about the movie. This study compares baseline techniques, Logistic Regression, Random Forest Classifier, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbor, Gradient Boosting Classifier, and Passive Aggressive Classifier with Linear Support Vector Machines and Multinomial Naïve Bayes on the IMDB Dataset of 50K reviews and Sentiment Polarity Dataset Version 2.0. Before applying these classifiers, in pre-processing both datasets are cleaned, duplicate data is dropped and chat words are treated for better results. On the IMDB Dataset of 50K reviews, Linear Support Vector Machines achieve the highest accuracy of 89.48%, and after hyperparameter tuning, the Passive Aggressive Classifier achieves the highest accuracy of 90.27%, while Multinomial Nave Bayes achieves the highest accuracy of 70.69% and 71.04% after hyperparameter tuning on the Sentiment Polarity Dataset Version 2.0. This study highlights the importance of sentiment analysis as a tool for understanding the emotions and attitudes in movie reviews and predicts the performance of a movie based on the average sentiment of all the reviews.

MOIT: A Novel task for mining opinions towards implicit targets

The extraction of opinions and their corresponding targets has gained significant interest recently, as it offers valuable insights into Opinion Mining (OM) at a granular level. Opinion and target terms to be extracted by existing OM tasks need to be explicitly present in reviews. Targets that are not present but implied in contextual semantics, are neglected by existing OM tasks, even though an investigation reported that about 60% of reviews contain implicit targets. To enable implicit target extraction, a novel task named Mining Opinions towards Implicit Targets (MOIT) under the fine-grained OM, is proposed to extract both opinions and their corresponding implicit targets, enabling a more comprehensive analysis of reviews. To set up the basis for follow-up research on MOIT, two large-scale datasets were constructed as resources in two languages, where the Chinese dataset was built from scratch via a standard human annotation process, and the English dataset was built semi-automatically through machine translation and manual checking. Furthermore, three baseline models adapting three representative paradigms of information extraction, namely sequence labeling, question answering, and text generation, were proposed to solve MOIT. Extensive experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of the models. The proposed MOIT task extends the field of OM research, and the datasets and models establish a foundation for future studies in this area.

Association Rule Mining Based on Hybrid Whale Optimization Algorithm

Association Rule Mining(ARM) is one of the most significant and active research areas in data mining. Recently, Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) has been successfully applied in the field of data mining, however, it easily falls into the local optimum. Therefore, an improved WOA based adaptive parameter strategy and Levy Flight mechanism (LWOA) is applied to mine association rules. Meanwhile, a hybrid strategy that blends two algorithms to balance the exploration and exploitation phases is put forward, that is, grey wolf optimization algorithm (GWO), artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) and cuckoo search algorithm (CS) are devoted to improving the convergence of LWOA. The approach performs a global search and finds the association rules sets by modeling the rule mining task as a multi-objective problem that simultaneously meets support, confidence, lift, and certain factor, which is examined on multiple data sets. Experimental results verify that the proposed method has better mining performance compared to other algorithms involved in the paper.

Cross-Modal Multitask Transformer for End-to-End Multimodal Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis

As an emerging task in opinion mining, End-to-End Multimodal Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (MABSA) aims to extract all the aspect-sentiment pairs mentioned in a pair of sentence and image. Most existing methods of MABSA do not explicitly incorporate aspect and sentiment information in their textual and visual representations and fail to consider the different contributions of visual representations to each word or aspect in the text. To tackle these limitations, we propose a multi-task learning framework named Cross-Modal Multitask Transformer (CMMT), which incorporates two auxiliary tasks to learn the aspect/sentiment-aware intra-modal representations and introduces a Text-Guided Cross-Modal Interaction Module to dynamically control the contributions of the visual information to the representation of each word in the inter-modal interaction. Experimental results demonstrate that CMMT consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art approach JML by 3.1, 3.3, and 4.1 absolute percentage points on three Twitter datasets for the End-to-End MABSA task, respectively. Moreover, further analysis shows that CMMT is superior to comparison systems in both aspect extraction (AE) and sentiment classification (SC), which would move the development of multimodal AE and SC algorithms forward with improved performance.

Cross-Domain Aspect Detection and Categorization using Machine Learning for Aspect-based Opinion Mining

• There is an increase in usage of e-commerce reviews. • Users find difficulty in getting appropriate information from huge reviews. • ABOM helps users in this regard. • One of the key elements of ABOM is Aspect extraction. • Unsupervised Machine Learning approach has been used to extract aspects. There is an increase in the development of social media and electronic commerce sites day by day. In order to express their opinions about the products purchased user's write comments, messages and reviews. The reviews present in the e-commerce sites are also increasing. Users find difficulty in getting appropriate information about the right topic from this large data. Aspect-based Opinion Mining (ABOM) helps users in this regard. In many real-world applications ABOM is used to get the details about the aspects of entities, where the opinion is expressed for those aspects and entities. One of the key elements of ABOM is Aspect extraction. Unsupervised Machine Learning approach has been used to extract aspects from the reviews as it does not require pre-labelled data. In this regard Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) are two most commonly used unsupervised Topic Modeling approaches. The topics are extracted from three different datasets such as Amazon Mobile Reviews, Hotel Reviews and IMDb Movie Reviews using LDA and LSA algorithms. These extracted topics are aspects of our interest. The results of topic modeling algorithms are quite difficult to be interpreted by the common user. The different visualization methods are used to display the results of topic modeling algorithms in an interactive way. Two different multi-class classifiers such as Multinomial Naive Bayes (MNB) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) have been constructed for aspect categorization. These classifiers are evaluated by considering the evaluation measures such as Precision, Recall and F1 score. As a result, SVM classifier has good performance than MNB classifier for aspect categorization task of aspect-based opinion mining.

Enhance Weakly-Supervised Aspect Detection with External Knowledge (Student Abstract)

Aspect detection aims to identify aspects of reviews and is an essential up-stream task of opinion mining and so on. However, existing weakly-supervised methods suffer from lacking the ability of identifying implicit aspects with infrequent aspect terms and "Misc" aspects. To tackle these problems, we propose to enhance the representation of segment with external knowledge by a weakly-supervised method. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our model and the improvement by incorporating external knowledge.

Improving Fine-grained Opinion Mining Approach with a Deep Constituency Tree-long Short Term Memory Network and Word Embedding

Objective: One key task of fine-grained opinion mining on product review is to extract product aspects and their corresponding opinion expressed by users. Previous work has demonstrated that precise modeling of opinion targets within the surrounding context can improve performances. However, how to effectively and efficiently learn hidden word semantics and better represent targets and the context still needs to be further studied. Recent years have seen a revival of the Long Short- Term Memory (LSTM), with its effectiveness being demonstrated on a wide range of problems. However, LSTM based approaches are still limited to linear data processing since it processes the information sequentially. As a result, they may perform poorly on user-generated texts, such as product reviews, tweets, etc., whose syntactic structure is not precise. Methods: In this research paper, we propose a constituency tree long short term memory neural network- based approach. We compare our model with state-of-the-art baselines on SemEval 2014 datasets. Results: Experiment results show that our models obtain competitive performances compared to various supervised LSTM architectures. Conclusion: Our work contributes to the improvement of state-of-the-art aspect-level opinion mining methods and offers a new approach to support the human decision-making process based on opinion mining results.

Emotion Processing by Applying a Fuzzy-Based Vader Lexicon and a Parallel Deep Belief Network Over Massive Data

Emotion processing has been a very intense domain of investigation in data analysis and NLP during the previous few years. Currently, the algorithms of the deep neural networks have been applied for opinion mining tasks with good results. Among various neuronal models applied for opinion mining a deep belief network (DBN) model has gained more attention. In this proposal, we have developed a combined classifier based on fuzzy Vader lexicon and a parallel deep belief network for emotion analysis. We have implemented multiple pretreatment techniques to improve the quality and soundness of the data and eliminate disturbing data. Afterward, we have performed a semi-automatic dataset labeling using a combination of two different methods: Mamdani’s fuzzy system and Vader lexicon. As well, we have applied four feature extractors, which are: GloVe, TFIDF (Trigram), TFIDF (Bigram), TFIDF (Unigram) with the aim of transforming each incoming tweet into a digital value vector. In addition, we have integrated three feature selectors, namely: The ANOVA method, the chi-square approach and the mutual information technique with the objective of selecting the most relevant features. Further, we have implemented the DBN as classifier for classifying each inputted tweet into three categories: neutral, positive or negative. At the end, we have deployed our proposed approach in parallel way employing both Hadoop and Spark framework with the purpose of overcoming the problem of long runtime of massive data. Furthermore, we have carried out a comparison between our newly suggested hybrid approach and alternative hybrid models available in the literature. From the experimental findings, it was found that our suggested vague parallel approach is more powerful than the baseline patterns in terms of false negative rate (1.33%), recall (99.75%), runtime (32.95s), convergence, stability, F1 score (99.53%), accuracy (98.96%), error rate (1.04%), kappa-Static (99.1%), complexity, false positive rate (0.25%), precision rate (97.59%) and specificity rate (98.67%). As a conclusion, our vague parallel approach outperforms baseline and deep learning models, as well as certain other approaches chosen from the literature.

Sentiment Evolution Analysis and Association Rule Mining for COVID-19 Tweets

This article presents a data mining study carried out on social media users in the context of COVID-19 and offers four main contributions. The first one consists in the construction of a COVID-19 dataset composed of tweets posted by users during the first stages of the virus propagation. The second contribution offers a sample of the interactions between users on topics related to the pandemic. The third contribution is a sentiment analysis, which explores the evolution of emotions throughout time, while the fourth one is an association rule mining task. The indicators determined by statistics and the results obtained from sentiment analysis and association rule mining are eloquent. For instance, signs of an upcoming worldwide economic crisis were clearly detected at an early stage in this study. Overall results are promising and can be exploited in the prediction of the aftermath of COVID-19 and similar crisis in the future.

Intelligent Aspect based Model for Efficient Sentiment Analysis of User Reviews

Mining online reviews to extract opinion targets and words are substantial tasks in fine-grained opinion mining. The main aim is to mine sensible multi-grain aspects and opinion words from unlabeled reviews. In this paper, Combined Aspect based Sentiment Model (CASM) is propounded to cooperatively mine multi-grain features and opinions. CASM deals with aspects, opinions, sentiment polarity and granularity concurrently. Support Vector Machine-Radial Basis Function kernel (SVM-RBF) classifier is applied to improve CASM by splitting aspects and opinion words. CASM-SVM-RBF deals with two different kinds of aspects and opinions: general and particular aspects, overall opinions and aspect-precise opinions. Candidates with improved confidence are mined as opinion targets or words. Index Terms:Aspects, Opinions, Sentiment, Support Vector Machine, Radial Basis Function, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Radial Basis Function (RBF)

Bidirectional Machine Reading Comprehension for Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction

Aspect sentiment triplet extraction (ASTE), which aims to identify aspects from review sentences along with their corresponding opinion expressions and sentiments, is an emerging task in fine-grained opinion mining. Since ASTE consists of multiple subtasks, including opinion entity extraction, relation detection, and sentiment classification, it is critical and challenging to appropriately capture and utilize the associations among them. In this paper, we transform ASTE task into a multi-turn machine reading comprehension (MTMRC) task and propose a bidirectional MRC (BMRC) framework to address this challenge. Specifically, we devise three types of queries, including non-restrictive extraction queries, restrictive extraction queries and sentiment classification queries, to build the associations among different subtasks. Furthermore, considering that an aspect sentiment triplet can derive from either an aspect or an opinion expression, we design a bidirectional MRC structure. One direction sequentially recognizes aspects, opinion expressions, and sentiments to obtain triplets, while the other direction identifies opinion expressions first, then aspects, and at last sentiments. By making the two directions complement each other, our framework can identify triplets more comprehensively. To verify the effectiveness of our approach, we conduct extensive experiments on four benchmark datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that BMRC achieves state-of-the-art performances.

Marketing decision making using sentiment score with co-extracting opinion target words from reviews

This paper proposes a broad-spectrum outline that utilizes natural language processing approaches counting sentiment analysis, web mining that uses clustering schemes to acquire fresh outcome elicited from reviews in support of diverse features of products. An ultimate part in the scheme is finding positive and negative sentiment scope for all features of a product in the given reviews. Massive figures of product reviews are crawling on the Web with the rapid development of Internet. Commencing these reviews, customers can get hold ofactualexamination of product rank and unswerving supervision of their acquisition actions. Withdrawal feelings from web reviews have developed into a gradually more fiery activity and haveengrossed a vastpact of considerationcommencingthe researchers. The key task for opinion mining is obtaining opinion emotions from reviews in online, the novelfactor involves in identifying relations between words. The project proposes a new scheme that contains graph based co-ranking scheme that is employed in finding poise of every word. Then, words with superiorpoise are withdrawn as opinion objects. Based on the nearest neighbor rule we compare with previous schemes, the scheme more preciselycaptures opinion relations, particularly for elongated cover relations. The investigationaloutcome shows that the schemesuccessfully outperforms all other methods and techniques.

Exploration of sentiment analysis and legitimate artistry for opinion mining

Sentiment analysis/opinion mining is a technique that analyzes people’s opinions, evaluations, sentiments, attitudes, appraisals and emotions to entities like products, organizations, services, issues, individuals, topics, events and their attributes. It is a massive problem space. People tend to express their opinions on anything, such as, a product, service, topic, individual, organization, or an event. Here, the term object represents the entity commented on. Certain private states parts that cannot be judged and observed include the following, beliefs, opinion, emotions and sentiments. The above mentioned aspects are usually expressed in documents using certain subjective words that determine the private states with the help of unique dictionaries like the WordNet or SentiWordNet. The feature selection concept is incorporated in the following tasks such as image classification, data mining, cluster analysis, image retrieval, and pattern recognition. This is observed as a data analysis pre-processing strategy; here a subset from the original data features is thus selected for eliminating the noisy/irrelevant/redundant features. This technique essentially helps in minimizing the incurred computational expenses and helps in enhancing the accuracy level of the data analysis procedures. The Semantic features are meant to concentrate on the relationship between the signifiers such as that of the words, phrases, signs and symbols. A special of semantics called as the linguistic semantics is used for understanding human based expression in opinions and blog. A semantic based feature selection strategy has been introduced for establishing the opinion mining tasks. This introduced semantic based feature selection makes use of the SentiWordNet that is observed to be a lexical resource of the WordNet database extracted terms and is therefore used in the research tasks. Feature set is minimized with the help of the introduced semantic based approaches for the purpose of considering the individual predictive ability words and selection features. Experiments were conducted with the help of the Naive Bayes, the FLR and the AdaBoost classifiers and the obtained results were compared for understanding and judging the feature selection methods.

Differential evolution and sine cosine algorithm based novel hybrid multi-objective approaches for numerical association rule mining

In association rules mining from data that have numeric-valued attributes, automatically adjusting the attribute intervals at the time of the mining process without a preprocess is very critical for preventing data loss and attribute interactions. In this paper, differential evolution and sine cosine algorithm based novel hybrid multi-objective evolutionary optimization methods are proposed for rapidly and directly mining the reduced high-quality numerical association rules by simultaneously adjusting the relevant intervals of related attributes without finding the frequent itemsets. These algorithms perform a global search and find the high-quality rules set in only one execution by modeling the rule mining task as a multi-objective problem that simultaneously meets different conflicting metrics. The algorithms proposed in this paper ensure the discovered rules to have high confidence and support and to be comprehensible. The proposed methods automate the rule mining process by directly finding the minimum intervals for the attributes and eliminating the need for minimum confidence and minimum support determined beforehand for each data set. The performances of new algorithms proposed in this study were tested with those of the state-of-the-art algorithms. The results show superiority of the proposed methods on the data sets that contain fewer attributes and higher number of instances.

Semi-Supervised Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis for Case-Related Microblog Reviews Using Case Knowledge Graph Embedding

Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA), a fine-grained task of opinion mining, which aims to extract sentiment of specific target from text, is an important task in many real-world applications, especially in the legal field. Therefore, in this paper, we study the problem of limitation of labeled training data required and ignorance of in-domain knowledge representation for End-to-End Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (E2E-ABSA) in legal field. We proposed a new method under deep learning framework, named Semi-ETEKGs, which applied E2E framework using knowledge graph (KG) embedding in legal field after data augmentation (DA). Specifically, we pre-trained the BERT embedding and in-domain KG embedding for unlabeled data and labeled data with case elements after DA, and then we put two embeddings into the E2E framework to classify the polarity of target-entity. Finally, we built a case-related dataset based on a popular benchmark for ABSA to prove the efficiency of Semi-ETEKGs, and experiments on case-related dataset from microblog comments show that our proposed model outperforms the other compared methods significantly.

A Subjective Expressions Extracting Method for Social Opinion Mining

Opinion mining plays an important role in public opinion monitoring, commodity evaluation, government governance, and other areas. One of the basic tasks of opinion mining is to extract the expression elements, which can be further divided into direct subjective expression and expressive subjective expression. For the task of subjective expression extraction, the methods based on neural network can learn features automatically without exhaustive feature engineering and have been proved to be efficient for opinion mining. Constructing adequate input vector which can encode sufficient information is a challenge of neural network-based approach. To cope with this problem, a novel representation method that combines the different features with word vectors is proposed. Then, we use neural network and conditional random field to train and predict the expressions and carry out comparative experiments on different methods and features combinations. Experimental results show the performance of the proposed model, and the F value outperforms other methods in comparative experimental dataset. Our work can provide hint for further research on opinion expression extraction.

Privacy-Preserving Association Rule Mining Using Homomorphic Encryption in a Multikey Environment

With the development of big data and cloud computing, data analysis technologies play an important role to produce huge market values. Customers with limited computing resources may resort to the cloud to perform some association rule mining tasks. Data owners may have a risk of personal sensitive information leakage in this process. To preserve privacy in outsourced data, data owners may encrypt raw data before uploading. Data analysis of encrypted data is a challenge that has attracted the attention of many researchers in recent years. Homomorphic encryption is a cryptographic tool, which is one of the ways to solve this challenge. It allows data processing of encrypted data without decryption. Researching homomorphic encryption schemes that support privacy-preserving data mining in a multikey environment has become a significant direction. In this article, we propose a novel homomorphic cryptosystem, which supports multiple cloud users to have different public keys. Besides, we propose a privacy-preserving association rule mining scheme on outsourced data uploaded from multiple parties in a twin-cloud architecture. Our scheme uses a transaction record representation method in databases for large shopping malls based on real-world situations, and our experiments on a real transaction database show that our technology is reasonably feasible.

Sentiment analysis on IMDB using lexicon and neural networks

To find out what other people think has been an essential part of information-gathering behaviors. And in the case of movies, the movie reviews can provide an intricate insight into the movie and can help decide whether it is worth spending time on. However, with the growing amount of data in reviews, it is quite prudent to automate the process, saving on time. Sentiment analysis is an important field of study in machine learning that focuses on extracting information of subject from the textual reviews. The area of analysis of sentiments is related closely to natural language processing and text mining. It can successfully be used to determine the attitude of the reviewer in regard to various topics or the overall polarity of the review. In the case of movie reviews, along with giving a rating in numeric to a movie, they can enlighten us on the favorableness or the opposite of a movie quantitatively; a collection of those then gives us a comprehensive qualitative insight on different facets of the movie. Opinion mining from movie reviews can be challenging due to the fact that human language is rather complex, leading to situations where a positive word has a negative connotation and vice versa. In this study, the task of opinion mining from movie reviews has been achieved with the use of neural networks trained on the “Movie Review Database” issued by Stanford, in conjunction with two big lists of positive and negative words. The trained network managed to achieve a final accuracy of 91%.