Tabebuia Rosea Research Articles

The complete chloroplast genome of Tabebuia rosea (Bignoniaceae)

Tabebuia rosea is a world-renowned woody plant with colorful flowers in full bloom. In addition to its high ornamental value, it also has ecological and medicinal value. In this study, the complete circular chloroplast genome of T. rosea was reconstructed and annotated using Illumina sequencing. The chloroplast genome was 158,919 bp in size with GC content of 38.21%, including a large single-copy region of 85,823 bp, a small single-copy region of 12,816 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats of 30,140 bp. It encoded 132 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Based on current available chloroplast genome sequences, the phylogenetic analysis indicated that T. rosea was clustered with T. nodosa and H. chrysanthus. This study provided insights into the evolutionary relationships among different species of Bignoniaceae.

New Understanding of Meta-Topolin Riboside Metabolism in Micropropagated Woody Plants.

Topolin cytokinins have emerged as valuable tools in micropropagation. This study investigates the metabolism of meta-topolin riboside (mTR) in three distinct tree species: Handroanthus guayacan and Tabebuia rosea (Bignoniaceae), and Tectona grandis (Lamiaceae). Employing labeled N15 mTR, we unraveled the complex mechanisms underlying cytokinin homeostasis, identifying N9-glucosylation as the principal deactivation pathway. Our findings demonstrate a capacity in T. rosea and H. guayacan to reposition the hydroxyl group on the cytokinin molecule, a previously unexplored metabolic pathway. Notably, this study reveals remarkable interfamilial and interspecies differences in mTR metabolism, challenging established perspectives on the role of callus tissue in cytokinin storage. These insights not only illuminate the metabolic intricacies of mTR, a cytokinin with interesting applications in plant tissue culture, but also enhances our understanding of cytokinin dynamics in plant systems, thereby enriching the scientific discourse on plant physiology and cytokinin biology.

Tree species with potential for reforestation in coastal zones of the humid tropics

Aim of study: The native species of warm humid climates Ceiba pentandra, Tabebuia rosea, Gliricidia sepium, Enterolobium cyclocarpum and Brosimum alicastrum are often included in Mexican reforestation programs. We evaluated the growth response in sandy soils of these species that could serve as pioneers in the restoration of coastal areas. Area of study: Alluvial plain in Frontera, Tabasco, Mexico. Material and methods: A total of 1080 plants were planted in 2014 and evaluated for 23 months in 30 plots under a randomized block design with six replications. The sample plots each occupied 36 m2 (each with 16 plants). Survival percentage, stem height (SH), basal diameter (BD) and basal area (BA) were quantified. Survival and growth variables were analyzed using logistic regression and ANOVA for repeated measures, respectively. Main results: At the end of the experiment (2016), high survival was demonstrated in G. sepium (88 %) and in C. pentandra (86 %), while B. alicastrum presented total mortality at six months. The highest values of SH and BD were presented in C. pentandra (2.9 m and 7.8 cm, respectively) and in G. sepium (2.6 m and 4.2 cm, respectively). Gliricidia sepium differed significantly from C. pentandra in terms of BA (5.9 vs. 23 m2 ha-1, respectively). Research highlights: The native species C. pentandra and G. sepium presented high survival and growth in the sandy soils; G. sepium showed strong adaptation to the environment and C. pentandra offered suitable coverage, characteristics that are necessary for the success of reforestation and restoration programs.

Mycorrhizal status of Guarianthe skinneri (Orchidaceae) in urban trees in Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico

Objective: To isolate and classify morphologically and molecularly mycorrhizal fungi associated with adult plants of Guarianthe skinneri (Bateman) Dressler & W.E. Higgins (Orchidaceae), distributed in different phorophytes, exotic and native trees, in the City of Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. Design/Methodology/Approach: We sampled roots from adult plants growing in two native phorophytes, Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) KUNTH and Tabebuia rosea (BERTOL.) BERTERO EX A. DC. and two exotic phorophytes, Terminalia catappa L. and Ficus benjamina L. located in the city's road. By the isolation of mycorrhizal strains, we had diagnosed them by morpho-physiological attributes, and molecularly (Sanger sequencing of the ITS1-4 region). Results: Forty-three fungal strains of two anamorphic mycorrhizal genus Epulorhiza and Ceratorhiza were obtained: 50% of the isolates came from plants growing in the exotic tree T. catappa with undigested pelotons and the highest molecular diversity (three contigs of the genus Tulasnella). Ficus benjamina had one molecular species shared with the native B. crassifolia. Roots growing in the native T. rosea tree, even though few isolates could be purified. Study Limitations/Implications: Even if the research was exploratory, it was possible to highlight the diverse mycorrhizal partners that urban phorophytes of G. skinneri harbor, showing their potential in the ex situ conservation of this species. Findings/Conclusions: The large number of the anamorph Epulorhiza isolates obtained from all phorophytes, reinforces previous observations suggesting that candelaria is preferentially associated with species of the Family Tulasnellaceae.

Tabebuia rosea seed extract mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles with antibacterial, antioxidant, and antiproliferative activities

Abstract The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plants has grown in significance recently. The present investigation involved the synthesis of AgNPs utilizing Tabebuia rosea (TR) seeds as a reducing agent. The bioactive potential of the synthesized AgNP was evaluated through antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity assays. The confirmation of the formation of AgNPs was achieved through the utilization of UV–vis spectroscopy. The spectroscopic analysis revealed the presence of absorption maxima at 450 nm, which is a distinctive feature of AgNPs. The optimization process for the synthesis of nanoparticles was conducted by varying the pH levels, metal ion (AgNO3), and substrate (Seed extract). The size range of the synthesized nanoparticles was found to be less than 100 nm through the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The profile obtained through energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis of AgNPs exhibited a characteristic optical absorption peak at approximately 3 keV. Further investigation using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the involvement of O–H stretching in phenolic compounds and O–H and C=O stretching in carboxylic acids forming AgNPs. The results of the antimicrobial activity assay indicate that the bacteria K. pneumonia exhibited the maximum inhibition zone of 20 ± 0.48 mm, followed by E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis, and S. aureus at the highest concentration of 100 mg ml−1, respectively. The DPPH assay findings suggest that the maximum concentration of 500 μg ml−1 of AgNPs exhibited a unique scavenging ability, with a value of 80.98%. Additionally, the application of biologically synthesized AgNPs to treated cells resulted in a cytotoxic effect. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 45 μg ml−1 was determined following a 24 h treatment with human fibroblast cells (L929). Using T. rosea seed to produce AgNPs holds promise for their potential application as nano drugs.

Modulus of rigidityof commercially important wood species for Mexico: Pinus pseudostrobus, Tabebuia rosea and Quercus scytophylla

Wood is a biological material with applications in engineering and architecture. Its modulus of rigidity is useful for the calculation of beams that work in bending and torsion. The objective of the research was to determine the rigidity moduli and material indices of Pinus pseudostrobus, Tabebuia rosea and Quercus scytophylla. Dynamic torsion tests were performed on 35 small specimens of each species. Linear correlations and their coefficients for determining the modulus of rigidityas a function of density and frequency were calculated. The main results are: The magnitudes of the wood densities of P. pseudostrobus, T. roseaand Q. scytophyllaare located within the interval:587 kg m-3, 735 kg m-3. The coefficient of variation of the frequencies for Q. scytophyllais 50% lower compared to the coefficients of P. pseudostrobusand T. rosea. The coefficient of variation for P. pseudostrobusis 23% greater than that of T. roseaand 146% greater than that of Q. scytophylla. It is concluded that the values reported in this research may be useful if these wood species are used for structural purposes.

Cadmium up Taking and Allocation in Wood Species Associated to Cacao Agroforestry Systems and Its Potential Role for Phytoextraction.

Trees in cacao Agroforestry systems (AFS) may present a high potential for cadmium (Cd) phytoextraction, helping to reduce Cd in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) plants grown in contaminated soils. To assess this potential, four forest fine-woody species commonly found in cacao high-productive sites in Colombia (Tabebuia rosea, Terminalia superba, Albizia guachapele, and Cariniana pyriformis) were exposed to contrasting CdCl2 contamination levels (0, 6, and 12 ppm) on a hydroponic medium. Growth dynamics, tolerance index (TI), and Cd concentration and allocation in leaves, stems, and roots were evaluated for up to 90 days after initial exposure. T. superba, A. guachapele, and C. pyriformis were classified as moderately tolerant (TI > 0.6), and T. rosea was considered a sensitive species (TI < 0.35) under 12 ppm Cd contamination. Despite showing a high stem Cd concentration, C. pyriformis also showed the lowest relative growth rate. Among the evaluated forest species, A. guachapele exhibited the highest Cd accumulation capacity per plant (2.02 mg plant-1) but also exhibited a higher Cd allocation to leaves (4%) and a strong decrease in leaf and stem dry mass after 90 days of exposure (~75% and 50% respectively, compared to control treatments). Taking together all the favorable features exhibited by T. superba as compared to other CAFS tree species and recognized phytoextractor tree species in the literature, such as Cd hyperaccumulation, high tolerance index, low Cd concentration in leaves, and high Cd allocation to the stem (harvestable as wood), this species is considered to have a high potential for cadmium phytoextraction in cocoa agroforestry systems.

A Minireview on Medicinal Benefits of Melaleuca viminalis and Tabebuia rosea

From plants, novel chemotherapy medicines can be derived. Ancient medicinal herbs were used to heal illness, and prevent epidemics. Tropical and subtropical Central and South American tree Tabebuia rosea is grown globally. For centuries, the tree's anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, immune-boosting, and antioxidant qualities have treated numerous maladies. Little, bushy Callistemon (Melaleuca viminalis) has lanceolate leaves and hairy blooms. It features crimson "bottlebrush" inflorescences, thicker, leatherier leaves, and darker, fissured bark. This Callistemon species sheds seeds annually, unlike others. Spring and summer bottlebrushes develop multi-flower spikes. Flower pollen grows on a fine, multi-coloured thread. Filaments and pollen can tint flower spikes golden, although yellow is more typical. Each flower produces a woody fruit with many small seeds that lasts for years. Callistemon leaves are antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-platelet aggregation. Hence, this article briefly addresses the two medicinal plants (Melaleuca viminalis and Tabebuia rosea) in Bengaluru's Agara lake.

The interspecific interactions in agroforestry systems enhance leaf water use efficiency and carbon storage in cocoa

Global climate changes include more intense and concentrated rainy seasons and severe and longer-lasting dry seasons. In this context, the benefits carried out within agroforestry systems (AFS) have played a significant role, especially for tropical crops such as cocoa. The present study evaluated the changes in photosynthetic traits and the physical, chemical, and microbiological soil properties in response to variations in the shading tree species. Three cocoa genotypes (CCN51, TCS01, and TCS19) were cultivated under three AFS designs, differing in the accompanying shade tree species ( Cariniana pyriformis , Tabebuia rosea, and Terminalia superba ). No significant differences in CO 2 assimilation rates among the different cocoa genotypes were observed. However, TCS01 exhibited a 20% higher leaf water use efficiency (WUEl) than the TCS19 genotype, associated with decreased stomatal conductance. The designs combining C. pyriformis with CCN51 and TCS01, as well as the design associating CCN51 with T. rosea, exhibited significantly higher WUEl for cocoa plants as compared to the systems involving T. superba combined with TCS19. In addition, the cocoa genotype TCS01 exhibited the highest potential for carbon storage when combined with C. pyriformis , whereas TCS19 exhibited the lowest potential for this feature under the T. superba association. The chemical, physical and biological properties of soils were evaluated, and an orthoPLS-DA multivariate analysis was performed to contrast the differences between TCS01 associated with C. pyriformis (higher WUEl and C sequestration) with the combination of TCS19 with T. superba (lower WUEl and carbon sequestration). The results highlight the importance of soil pH, [Al], [Mn], and [Mg] for a better physiological performance exhibited by TCS01 under C. pyriformis AFS as compared to TCS19 under T. superba . Thus, taken together the data obtained here suggest that species-genotype-dependent interactions in AFS-cocoa may determine soil characteristics, which may indirectly affect important physiological traits, such as leaf water use efficiency and long-term carbon storage of cocoa plants. • Advantageous interspecific interactions can generate improve leaf-level water use efficiency and carbon storage in cocoa. • Cocoa TCS01 associated with C pyriformis shows better leaf-level water use efficiency and carbon storage as compared with TCS19 associated with T. superba . • The evaluated shade tree species contrasted regarding their effects on the chemical features of adjacent soils. • Soil acidity, aluminium, manganese and magnesium concentrations were the soil features most correlated with the contrasts observed in the cocoa genotypes.

Screening Tree Species for Carbon Storage Potential through Urban Tree Inventory in Planted Vegetation

Urban tree inventory is a great tool for gathering data that can be used by different end users. This study attempted to chart the species diversity in planted areas and measure their tree diameter at breast height to screen them for the carbon storage potential. A total of 2860 trees belonging to 36 species were recorded in the planted vegetation in parks and avenue plantation. The dominant species were Azadirachta indicia (25.5%), Conocarpus erectus (19.2%), Ficus spp. (15.5%), Tabebuia rosea (9.2%), Peitophorum pterocarpum (9.0%) and the remaining represents (21.6%) of the tree identified in this study. It was found that the highest contribution of carbon sequestration (CO2 equivalent) is dominated by the Ficus spp. (30.3%) with a total of 3399.3 tCO2eq, followed by Azadirachta indicia (25.4%) with a total of 2845.2 tCO2eq and Conocarpus erectus (20.4%) with a total of 2286 tCO2eq. The entire area has the capability to sequester around 11,213.3 tCO2eq and on average of 3.9 ± 0.1 tCO2eq. In accordance with the findings, it is imperative for the preservation of a sustainable environment to have vegetation that has the capacity to store carbon. The study suggests, there is potential to increase carbon sequestration in urban cities through plantation programs on existing and new land uses and along roads.

Resistividad eléctrica de la madera de Pinus pseudostrobus, Tabebuia rosea y Quercus scytophylla

The objective of the research was to determine the electrical resistivity of the wood of Pinus pseudostrobus, Tabebuia rosea and Quercus scytophylla in the directions of anisotropy. For this, 20 solid wood specimens of each of the species with dimensions of 20 mm × 20 mm × 20 mm in the radial, tangential and longitudinal directions, respectively, were prepared, and the density and moisture content of the wood were determined. wood. To carry out the electrical resistivity tests, the electrical resistance was measured using direct current with a test voltage of 1000 volts. Moisture content was for P. pseudostrobus 12,6 %, for T. rosea 10,6 % and for Q. scytophylla 15,6 %. The average transverse electrical resistivity was for P. pseudostrobus 45,5 MΩ m, for T. rosea 10,3 MΩ m and for Q. scytophylla 61,4 MΩ m. The longitudinal electrical resistivity was for P. pseudostrobus 24,7 MΩ m, for T. rosea 2,.2 MΩ m and for Q. scytophylla 19,6 MΩ m. The magnitudes of the longitudinal resistances measured in the three woods are similar to those of the woods reported in the literature. Another finding was that the resistivity values show differences between the anisotropy directions of the wood and between the species studied.

Assessing the Cooling and Air Pollution Tolerance among Urban Tree Species in a Tropical Climate.

We present the results of classifying plants at species level that can tolerate air pollution, provide cooling, and simultaneously survive and thrive in urban environments. For this purpose, we estimated the air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API) of several species growing in a park located in central Bangkok, Thailand. The cooling effect was quantified by calculating the reduction in soil and air temperatures. Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S.T. Blake, Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr., Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss. had the highest API score and were able to substantially reduce the temperature and were in a group of highly recommended species which also included other species like A. saman, C. tabularis, Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) Bertero ex A. DC., Dalbergia cochinchinensis Pierre etc. Species from both evergreen and deciduous habitat were able to provide ambient cooling but were vulnerable to air pollution and included Elaeocarpus grandifloras Sm. and Bauhinia purpurea L. However, there were other species which had a high air pollution tolerance but failed to provide adequate cooling, such as Hopea odorata Roxb. and Millingtonia hortensis L.f. The results would be of interest to urban greenspace landscapers in such climates while selecting suitable species that can provide multiple ecosystem services ranging from air pollution tolerance to temperature reduction without reducing plant vitality.

Mineral fertilization in tropical reforestation: seedling growth and survival of ten native tree species in Tabasco, Mexico

A reforestation trial was carried out with ten native tree species under four different doses of mineral fertilizer in the lowland tropics in Tabasco, Mexico. In six one-hectare plots, 2415 seedlings of Brosimum alicastrum, Calophyllum brasiliense, Ceiba pentandra, Colubrina arborescens, Diphysa americana, Enterolobium cyclocarpum, Handroanthus chrysanthus, Pimenta dioica, Pouteria sapota, and Tabebuia rosea were planted in a randomized design. The mineral fertilizer consisted of a single initial dose of 0 g, 150 g, 375 g or 750 g nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK), as well as micronutrients (Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, S). First-year survival and median height increment of transplanted seedlings were analyzed with statistical confidence intervals. Whereas overall first-year survival for Ceiba pentandra for all fertilization doses combined was 66%, it was only 12% for Brosimum alicastrum. On the other hand, median height increment was 102 cm for Enterolobium cyclocarpum, whereas it was only 7 cm for Pimenta dioica. The survival of six of the planted species was apparently affected by the salinity effect caused by mineral fertilization. The only species that benefited from mineral fertilization in a statistically significant way was C. pentandra. In conclusion, mineral fertilization in tropical reforestation is not recommended in general. Appropriate species selection is far more important for favorable survivorship and height increment.

COMPOSICIÓN FLORÍSTICA Y ARREGLO DE SISTEMAS AGROFORESTALES DE CACAO EN TABASCO, MEXICO

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background.&lt;/strong&gt; The floristic composition of the cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) agroforestry systems in Tabasco provides a way to describe the genetic and tree diversity of traditional forms of production. Objective. to evaluate how the cacao agroforestry systems are floristically composed in the state. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology&lt;/strong&gt;. Thirteen plots were sampled in four municipalities, with a total area of 30.5 ha. The species were counted, and the importance, diameter classes, height, and main uses were estimated. &lt;strong&gt;Results.&lt;/strong&gt; Seventeen families and 2370 individuals belonging to 36 species were recorded. The dominant families were Fabaceae and Rutaceae; The species with the highest presence (74.5%) were represented by &lt;em&gt;Cedrela odorata&lt;/em&gt; L, &lt;em&gt;Erythrina americana&lt;/em&gt; Mill., &lt;em&gt;Gliricidia sepium&lt;/em&gt; (Jacq.) Walp., &lt;em&gt;Tabebuia rosea&lt;/em&gt; (Bertol) DC., &lt;em&gt;Swietenia macrophylla&lt;/em&gt; Willd., &lt;em&gt;Cocos nucifera&lt;/em&gt; L, &lt;em&gt;Colubrina arborescens&lt;/em&gt; (P. Mill) Sarg., P&lt;em&gt;imenta dioica&lt;/em&gt; L., &lt;em&gt;Cecropia obtusifolia&lt;/em&gt; Bertol and &lt;em&gt;Roystonea dunlapiana&lt;/em&gt; P. H. Allen. In addition to providing shade, trees are used to obtain wood, fruit, fencing, or similar medicinal alternatives. On average, each plot has 46 trees per ha, a diversity of 9 different shade trees in young plantations, and 18 species in mature plantations, demonstrating the variety and floristic richness in the agroecosystem. &lt;strong&gt;Implications.&lt;/strong&gt; It lays the foundations for future work that quantifies and enhances the environmental services provided by agroecosystems, as its utility on cacao agroforestry systems to preserve wildlife species. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion.&lt;/strong&gt; More studies should be implemented to deepen the knowledge of cocoa agroforestry systems (CAFS), particularly in quantifying and providing environmental services. Maintaining these CAFS will promote biodiversity and other environmental benefits, such as carbon storage, which with integrative plans, can represent alternative sources of income for producers in a sustainable way.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;"Background.&lt;/strong&gt; The floristic composition of the cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) agroforestry systems in Tabasco provides a way to describe the genetic and tree diversity of traditional forms of production. Objective. to evaluate how the cacao agroforestry systems are floristically composed in the state. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology&lt;/strong&gt;. Thirteen plots were sampled in four municipalities, with a total area of 30.5 ha. The species were counted, and the importance, diameter classes, height, and main uses were estimated. &lt;strong&gt;Results.&lt;/strong&gt; Seventeen families and 2370 individuals belonging to 36 species were recorded. The dominant families were Fabaceae and Rutaceae; The species with the highest presence (74.5%) were represented by &lt;em&gt;Cedrela odorata&lt;/em&gt; L, &lt;em&gt;Erythrina americana&lt;/em&gt; Mill., &lt;em&gt;Gliricidia sepium&lt;/em&gt; (Jacq.) Walp., &lt;em&gt;Tabebuia rosea&lt;/em&gt; (Bertol) DC., &lt;em&gt;Swietenia macrophylla&lt;/em&gt; Willd., &lt;em&gt;Cocos nucifera&lt;/em&gt; L, &lt;em&gt;Colubrina arborescens&lt;/em&gt; (P. Mill) Sarg., P&lt;em&gt;imenta dioica&lt;/em&gt; L., &lt;em&gt;Cecropia obtusifolia&lt;/em&gt; Bertol and &lt;em&gt;Roystonea dunlapiana&lt;/em&gt; P. H. Allen. In addition to providing shade, trees are used to obtain wood, fruit, fencing, or similar medicinal alternatives. On average, each plot has 46 trees per ha, a diversity of 9 different shade trees in young plantations, and 18 species in mature plantations, demonstrating the variety and floristic richness in the agroecosystem. &lt;strong&gt;Implications.&lt;/strong&gt; It lays the foundations for future work that quantifies and enhances the environmental services provided by agroecosystems, as its utility on cacao agroforestry systems to preserve wildlife species. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion.&lt;/strong&gt; More studies should be implemented to deepen the knowledge of cocoa agroforestry systems (CAFS), particularly in quantifying and providing environmental services. Maintaining these CAFS will promote biodiversity and other environmental benefits, such as carbon storage, which with integrative plans, can represent alternative sources of income for producers in a sustainable way."&lt;/p&gt;

Soil Carbon Storage in Experimental Forest Plantations with Tropical Species

Forest ecosystems represent a third of the total organic carbon (TOC) stored in the soil. However, studies still need to be carried out to generate reliable information on its soil carbon storage potential in an experimental plantation. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the storage of total organic carbon (TOC) in the soil in two experimental forest plantations with tropical species, located in the state of Nayarit, México. The research was carried out in two experimental plantations with tropical species, located at the Santiago Ixcuintla Experimental Field (CESIX) and at the El Verdine?o Experimental Site (SEEV). The established species are Swietenia macrophylla King (mahogany), Cedrela odorata L. (cedar) and Tabebuia rosea Bertoil (pink trumpet-tree). In addition, data from dasometric variables were used in order to define if any of these variables had a similar variation to the soil TOC stock by species. The sampling was done under a randomized block experimental design in each experimental forest plantation (CESIX and SEEV). Nine composite samples were collected in the soil under the tree species at a depth of 0 - 30 cm, and 1.5 m distance from the tree. To determine the soil TOC, an elemental analyzer with a thermal conductivity detector Thermo Scientific (Flash 2000) was used. The results showed that TOC presented mean values of 103.60 and 219.98 t·ha-1 at a depth of 0 - 30 cm in CESIX and SEEV respectively. The highest TOC was obtained in soil under mahogany; 142.95 t·ha-1 in CESIX and 284.41 t·ha-1 in SEEV. The analysis of the differences in TOC between the two plantations was highly significant. In the analysis of the species, it showed a statistically significant difference (p

Plant quality diagnosis in the El Campanario forestry nursery, Tuxtla Chico, Chiapas

Quality plant production in forest nurseries guarantees success in the establishment of commercial forest plantations andreforestation programs. Seedling quality refers to the appropriate morphological and physiological characteristics of plants tosurvive and grow satisfactorily under the environmental and ecological conditions of the place where they will be planted. Theobjective of this work was to know and describe the main cultural practices and evaluate the quality parameters of plants ofPrimavera (Tabebuia donnell-smithii Rose), Roble (Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) DC.) and Cedro (Cedrela odorata L.) that are producedfor marketing purposes in the El Campanario forest nursery located in the First Section of Izapa, municipality of Tuxtla Chico,Chiapas. The variables evaluated were total height, stem diameter, total biomass, as well as the shoot- root ratio, the sturdinessquotient, lignification index and Dickson quality index. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and compared with the results of other studies carried out in Mexico. From the results obtained, it is established that the cultural practices that are appliedin the nursery are adequate, which allows obtaining plants of good quality forest species. In terms of height and diameter, the threeforest species are within the established range to be planted in the field. Budget constraints make it difficult to increaseproductivity, but without a doubt, having the economic resources on time and sufficient for the sales of the plants on time, willallow better planning of the different activities and avoid delays in production.

Co-Inoculation with Beneficial Soil Microorganisms Promoted Growth and Quality of Tabebuia rosea Seedlings

Abstract Poor seedling quality is a major limiting factor for the success of commercial afforestation and ecological restoration in the tropics. This is commonly due to poor nutrient availability of soil-based substrates used for seedling growth. Currently, the use of biofertilizers has gained attention as a biotechnological tool to overcome plant malnutrition and enhance seedling quality from the nursery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of individual and combined inoculation with selected beneficial soil microorganisms on plant growth of Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) Bertero ex A.DC. in the nursery stage. For this purpose, individual, dual, and triple inoculations were conducted with Rhizoglomus fasciculatum (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus: AMF), Mortierella sp. (mineral-solubilizing fungus: MSF), and Azospirillum brasilense (plant growth-promoting bacteria: PGPB). After six months, the inoculation with PGPB significantly promoted plant growth over the uninoculated control. Dual inoculation with AMF+MSF and AMF+PGPB had lower but significant effects over the control. The results showed that biofertilization is an effective alternative to promote plant growth and quality of this species in the nursery and thus to produce better plants for forestry and ecological restoration in tropical areas.

Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) DC. ethanol extract attenuates body weight gain by activation of molecular mediators associated with browning

• T. rosea ethanol extract produced a significant decrease in body weight in high fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. • T. rosea ethanol extract attenuates liver steatosis. • T. rosea ethanol extract contains glycosylated coumarins, sterols, lapachol and quercetin. • T. rosea ethanol extract has antioxidant capacity. • T. rosea ethanol extract is not mutagenic, nor genotoxic, and did not show acute or repeated doses toxicity. Tabebuia rosea has been reported to have anti-cancer, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic activities, and other species of the same genus have anti-obesity effect. Ethanol extract of T. rosea (TrEtOH) produced a significant decrease in body weight (12.1%), and a diminution in lipid profile markers in high fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. A reduction in the number of hypertrophic adipocytes and a decrease of triglycerides was observed in adipose tissue, added to a reduction in size and fat in hepatocytes. The administration of TrEtOH leads to the mRNA overexpression of UCP1, TBX1, and GLUT4, suggesting that the extract promotes adipocyte browning as a possible mechanism of action. A glycosylated coumarin, lapachol and quercetin were quantified in TrEtOH extract. Interestingly TrEtOH extract did not show mutagenicity, genotoxicity, or toxic effects after acute or 28 days repeated administration. TrEtOH extract could be used for the development of new drugs against obesity and its comorbidities.

Malformation Disease in Tabebuia rosea (Rosy Trumpet) Caused by Fusarium pseudocircinatum in Mexico.

Tabebuia rosea (rosy trumpet) is an economically important neotropical tree in Mexico that is highly valued for the quality of its wood, which is used for furniture, crafts, and packing, and for its use as an ornamental and shade tree in parks and gardens. During surveys conducted in the lower Balsas River Basin region in the states of Guerrero and Michoacán, symptoms of floral malformation were detected in T. rosea trees. The main objectives of this study were to describe this new disease, to determine its causal agent, and to identify it using DNA sequence data. A second set of objectives was to analyze the phylogenetic relationship of the causal agent to Fusarium spp. associated with Swietenia macrophylla trees with malformation surveyed in the same region and to compare mycotoxin production and the mating type idiomorphs of fusaria recovered from T. rosea and S. macrophylla. Tabebuia rosea showed malformed inflorescences with multiple tightly curled shoots and shortened internodes. A total of 31 Fusarium isolates recovered from symptomatic T. rosea (n = 20) and S. macrophylla (n = 11) trees were identified by molecular analysis as Fusarium pseudocircinatum. Pathogenicity tests showed that isolates of F. pseudocircinatum recovered from T. rosea induced malformation in inoculated T. rosea seedlings. Eighteen F. pseudocircinatum isolates were tested for their ability to produce mycotoxins and other secondary metabolites. Moniliformin, fusaric acid, bikaverin, beauvericin, aurofusarin. and 8-O-methylbostrycoidin were produced by at least one strain of the 18 isolates tested. A multiplex PCR assay for mating type idiomorph revealed that 22 F. pseudocircinatum isolates were MAT1-1 and that 9 were MAT1-2. Here, we report a new disease of T. rosea in Mexico caused by F. pseudocircinatum.

Diversity and Interactomics of Bacterial Communities Associated with Dominant Trees During Tropical Forest Recovery

Bacterial communities have been identified as functional key members in soil ecology. A deep relation with these communities maintains forest coverture. Trees harbor particular bacteriomes in the rhizosphere, endosphere, or phyllosphere, different from bulk-soil representatives. Moreover, the plant microbiome appears to be specific for the plant-hosting species, varies through season, and responsive to several environmental factors. This work reports the changes in bacterial communities associated with dominant pioneer trees [Tabebuia rosea and Handroanthus chrysanthus [(Bignoniaceae)] during tropical forest recovery chronosequence in the Mayan forest in Campeche, Mexico. Massive 16S sequencing approach leads to identifying phylotypes associated with rhizosphere, bulk-soil, or recovery stage. Lotka-Volterra interactome modeling suggests the presence of putative regulatory roles of some phylotypes over the rest of the community. Our results may indicate that bacterial communities associated with pioneer trees may establish more complex regulatory networks than those found in bulk-soil. Moreover, modeled regulatory networks predicted from rhizosphere samples resulted in a higher number of nodes and interactions than those found in the analysis of bulk-soil samples.