T-shaped Slot Antenna Research Articles

Enhanced smartphone connectivity: dual-band MIMO antenna with high isolation and low ECC

The research presents an eight-element dual-band modified T-shaped slot antenna array optimized for seamless integration into contemporary smartphones, addressing the burgeoning demands of 5G communication within the sub-6 GHz spectrum. Operating across two critical frequency bands spanning 3.37-3.61 GHz and 4.9-5.1 GHz, this advanced antenna system boasts impressive efficiency and performance metrics. Symmetrically arranged on the ground plane, each antenna element measures 20 × 11.8 mm2 (equivalent to 0.233 λ×0.138λ), with a notable design feature being the inclusion of section Dx, strategically positioned between the ground-mounted antennas to enhance isolation among radiating elements by effectively managing surface currents. Fabrication results showcase isolation levels surpassing -14 dB, with an Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) lower than 0.05 in the lower frequency band and 0.02 in the higher band, indicating robust performance in mitigating mutual coupling effects. The antenna array exhibits exceptional efficiency ranging from 48.5% to 63.7%, coupled with a commendable channel capacity of 38.8 bps/Hz and a gain of 3.9 dBi, highlighting its suitability for integration into smartphone devices and its potential to advance the next generation of mobile communication technologies.

Dual-Band 10-Element MIMO Array for 5G Smartphones in Sub-6 GHz

The dramatic growth of mobile users, IoT-based applications, and astounding channel capacity requirements to connect trillions of devices are some huge challenges of the previous mobile generations, 5G turned up the key solution. Although the 5G MIMO can boost channel capacity and spectrum efficiency, it is very challenging to integrate multiple antennas into a mobile phone with limited space. Therefore, we presented a multi-band 10-elements array antenna operating at the LTE (long term evolution) 42, 43, and 46 frequency spectrum (sub-6 GHz band) for MIMO applications in fourth/fifth generation (4G/5G) modern mobile phones in this paper. A simple T-shaped slot antenna is designed to acquire 10-element MIMO antenna implementation in LTE 42/43 and 46 bands. The presented antenna array is integrated using a low-priced FR-4 substrate which is typically used for 5.7- 6-inch smartphones and possesses dimensions of 150mm × 80mm × 0.8mm. The simulated results show superb impedance matching and isolation between ports (> -12 dB), radiation efficiency (>70 %), and Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC< 0.05) over the operational frequency. Consequently, the designed MIMO antenna array is effectively favorable for the 5G MIMO smartphone to enhance data output and the spectrum efficiency.

Design of Wearable Microstrip Patch Antenna Using T-Shaped Slot Antenna Compared with U-Shaped Slot Antenna for Health Monitoring Systems

Aim: To Enhance radiation characteristics such as bandwidth, gain and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) by designing innovative wearable T-shaped and U-shaped slot microstrip patch antennas using the FEKO tool for health monitoring systems by using FR4 substrate for an operating frequency ranging from 2.2 to 2.6 GHz. Materials and methods: The microstrip patch antenna ground plane is made with FR4 material by using FEKO software varying frequency between 2.2-2.6 GHz. The T-Shaped and U- shaped slot microstrip patch antennas was chosen as a group having 20 samples each. The bandwidth, gain and VSWR was obtained for T-shape and U-shape slot antennas. Results: T-shaped slot antennas (P=0.001) have significantly higher bandwidth, gain and lower VSWR than the U-shaped slot antenna (P=0.031).The obtained significance value is <0.005 and mean values also increased. Conclusion: T-shaped microstrip patch antenna is designed and simulated using FEKO tool. The T-shape slot antenna has higher bandwidth, gain (Mean of T-shape 2.7238 and U-shape 1.4626) and VSWR (Mean of T-shape 8.3951 and U-shape 6.7675) when compared to U-shaped slot antenna. So, this antenna is very suitable for health monitoring systems.

In-Band Radar Cross-Section Reduction of Slot Antenna Using Characteristic Modes

In this letter, a methodology for achieving in-band radar cross-section (RCS) reduction of slot antennas is proposed. This method is based on the characteristic mode (CM) analysis of the slot antenna to distinguish radiation modes and scattering modes. Several CM indicators, including the modal currents, the modal significance, and the modal weighting coefficient (MWC), are calculated to provide systematic guidelines on suppressing scattering modes while keeping the radiation modes work properly. Following the specific mode characteristics, two techniques are proposed to reduce the MWC for each scattering mode. First, reactance components are placed at optimal locations over the antenna to shift the resonant frequency of a particular scattering mode out of the operation frequency band. Second, additional slots are introduced to disrupt the current path and thus reduce the bandwidth of the scattering mode. The proposed methodology is validated through the design of a low RCS T-shaped slot antenna. The experimental results show that the design has not introduced deterioration in radiation characteristic, while show remarkable RCS reduction. The proposed antenna achieves at least 5 dB reductions over the wide operation frequency band (59.6% bandwidth) of the T-shaped slot antenna.

광대역 마이크로스트립 모노폴 슬롯안테나의 설계

In the present study, wideband microstrip monopole slot antennas which can be applied to the RF4CE Zigbee remote controller are designed. First I-shaped monopole slot antenna which has length at 2.45GHz is designed. In particular, a conducting via is used to connect the microstrip feed line and the ground plane surrounded with the etched slot for the bandwidth improvement. In order to reduce the antenna size, it is changed into L-shaped and T-shaped monopole slot antennas for which improve results of antenna performance are observed. In case of T-shaped monopole slot antenna, impedance bandwidth(VSWR

Hybrid Planar Inverted-F Antenna with a T-Shaped Slot on the Ground Plane

In this letter, a novel hybrid planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) with a T-shaped slot on the ground plane is proposed. The loop structure formed by the feed line and shorting pin can be operated as a series and shunt inductance for the PIFA and the T-shaped slot antenna, respectively. The PIFA operates at a frequency of 1.75 GHz, while the T-shaped slot on the ground plane operates at 2.4 GHz by the same voltage feeding source. The height of the PIFA is 6.5 mm, and the size of an upper patch is designed to be 30 mm…16 mm. The measured relative impedance bandwidth of the PIFA and the T-shaped slot are about 12% and 21%, respectively. In addition, good antenna performance was achieved.

A T-Shaped Wide-Slot Harmonic Suppression Antenna

This paper proposes a T-shaped wide-slot harmonic suppression antenna at 4 GHz. Harmonic suppression is achieved by using a narrow microstrip-line-fed and a grounded T-shaped conductor line. The return losses and radiation patterns of the antenna at the fundamental and harmonic frequencies are measured and compared to those of the conventional T-shaped slot antenna. Equivalent circuit models are also presented to give physical insight into harmonic suppression mechanism.