T-Scan System Research Articles

COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF TREATMENT SATISFACTION WITH COMPLETE DENTURES ARTICULATED WITH THE T-SCAN SYSTEM AND ARTICULATION PAPER

Background: Prosthetic treatment in case of complete edentulism has the task of restoring the lost chewing function, speech and breathing and preventing the appearance or deepening of the reduction changes of both the soft tissues and the bones in the maxillofacial region, as well as restoring the aesthetic appearance and improving the psyche of the patient The aim of the present pilot study is to evaluate the satisfaction with treatment with complete dentures articulated with articulation paper and the T-SCAN system, which will serve as the basis for a large-scale cross-sectional study. Material and methods: The study includes a sample of 20 completely edentulous patients. The sample consisted of 10 women and 10 men. The studied patients were randomly divided into two groups of 10 people each. The patients were interviewed post treatment [at 5 weeks], a validated questionnaire about oral health-related quality of life in edentulous people [OHIP-EDENT] was applied. Results: The digital occlusal analysis provides more accurate information on the articulation of the prostheses, as it indicates the teeth with increased force in percentages and also the sequence of occurrence of the occlusal contacts. Analysis of occlusal contacts is subjective, and articulating them with this method carries error risks.When using the T-Scan system, patients are more satisfied than the treatment with total patients, as they feel the prostheses are much more comfortable and in much fewer visits. Conclusion: This quantitative methodology can be used as the method of choice for control of occluso-articulation relationships in treatment with total dentures in any dental practice, if technically possible

In vivo evaluation of T-Scan in quantifying occlusal contact.

The T-scan system has been used previously to analyse occlusion, but the quantitative analysis of occlusal contact by T-Scan system has yet to be reported. To evaluate the reliability and validity of T-Scan system for quantitatively measuring occlusal contact area and occlusal contact number. Twenty-two individuals with normal occlusion, 11 men and 11 women, were recruited for the study. Two occlusal analysis methods, including silicone transmission analysis method (STA) and T-Scan occlusion analysis method (TSO), were used to make quantitative analysis to measure occlusal contact area (OCA) and occlusal contact number (OCN). A test-retest check was performed with an interval of 2 weeks. The values of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) between test-retest of each method were calculated for reliability evaluation. Pearson correlations analysis, paired t-tests, regression analysis and Bland-Altman analysis were performed for validity evaluation. The ICC values of STA were greater than those of TSO for OCA while for OCN, ICC values of TSO were greater than STA. The higher OCA and OCN values were found in TSO compared with STA. Pearson's correlation coefficient indicated strong relations between TSO and STA (0.730-0.812) for OCA, while good relations between then (0.569-0.583) for OCN. Paired t-test showed a significant difference between the OCA and OCN values between TSO and STA. Bland-Altman analysis showed good agreement between OCA and OCN values of TSO and STA both in men and women. Regression analysis identified a linear correlation between OCA values obtained from these two methods. T-Scan method showed strong reliability for measuring OCA and OCN quantitatively. Strong correlations were found between OCA values from TSO and STA method, but the validity of TSO for measuring OCN needs to be promoted. T-Scan system demonstrates good potential in quantitative analysis of occlusion, which will expand its clinical application.

An evaluative analysis of dental occlusion using classical and digital method - T-Scan system

An evaluative analysis of dental occlusion using classical and digital method - T-Scan system

Aspects of Occlusal Recordings Performed with the T-Scan System and with the Medit Intraoral Scanner.

Dental occlusion refers to the static and dynamic relationships that are established between the teeth of the two arches and is an important factor in the homeostasis of the dento-maxillary system. The objective of the present study was to compare two digital occlusal analysis systems: the T-Scan III system and the Medit I600 intraoral scanner. The study was carried out on 20 students from the Faculty of Dental Medicine Craiova, whose dental occlusion was assessed with the T-Scan III system and with the Medit I600 intraoral scanner. Dental occlusion was assessed in the maximum intercuspation position, the edge-to-edge protrusion position, and the edge-to-edge position in right and left laterotrusion. The images of the 2D occlusal contact areas obtained by both methods were converted to .jpeg format and then transferred to Adobe Photoshop CS6 2021 (Adobe Systems, San Jose, CA, USA) for comparison. The recorded data were statistically processed. Analyzing the data provided by the two digital occlusal analysis systems, it was found that the T-Scan III system provided data related to the amplitude of the occlusal forces, the surface on which they were distributed (the contact surface), the dynamics of the occlusal contacts, and the proportion in which they were distributed at the level of the two hemiarches, and the Medit I600 intraoral scanner performed an evaluation of the occlusal interface of the two arches, highlighting the extent of the contact areas with the degree of overlapping of the occlusal components. Although both methods of occlusal analysis recorded the highest values for the maximum intercuspation position, the results could not be compared. The two digital systems provide different data in occlusal analysis. As the T-Scan III system is considered the gold standard for occlusal analysis, more studies are needed to understand the data provided by the Medit I600 intraoral scanner and their significance.

Reviewing the Advantages of T-SCAN System III as a Digital Occlusal Analysis System in Restorative Dentistry

This comprehensive review article thoroughly investigates the benefits of utilizing the T-SCAN System III as a digital occlusal analysis tool in restorative dentistry. It encompasses a detailed examination of the system's evolutionary trajectory, including its various versions and generations, alongside comprehensive descriptions of its individual components and practical applications. Furthermore, it explores the system's wide- ranging utility in dentistry, serving as both a diagnostic aid for identifying occlusal issues and an assessment tool for validating patient occlusal integration of restorations in both static and dynamic occlusions. By conducting a meticulous analysis of existing literature, this paper aims to offer valuable insights into the effectiveness and potential limitations of the T-SCAN System III, highlighting its crucial role in enhancing occlusal analysis and treatment outcomes in restorative dentistry.

Reference values and reliability of occlusal force distribution and occlusal time measured by the T-Scan system in adults with healthy dentition.

Reference values of occlusal characteristics are needed to interpret the data obtained using the T-Scan System. This study aimed to establish reference values for and to assess the reliability of, occlusal force distribution in the maximal intercuspal position and the occlusion time in young adults with healthy dentition. In total 178 adults with natural dentition participated in this retrospective cross-sectional study, of whom 76 performed a retest session. Several occlusal recordings were obtained from each participant using the T-Scan system while asking them to bite two or three consecutive times (multi-bite) or only once (single-bite) at the maximal intercuspal position. The lateral and anteroposterior occlusal force distribution were determined as percentages in the right and posterior teeth . Occlusion time was measured in seconds. After the occlusal force distribution and occlusion time percentiles were calculated, reliability was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient. The 5th-95th percentiles for occlusal force distribution were 34%-67% on the right teeth and 55%-94% on the posterior teeth. The 90th percentile for multi-bite occlusion time was 0.17 s and for single-bite occlusion time was 0.27 s. The intraclass correlation coefficients for lateral occlusal force distribution, anteroposterior occlusal force distribution, multi-bite occlusion time, and single-bite occlusion time were 0.70, 0.68, 0.58, and 0.67, respectively. This study generated reference values for key occlusal characteristics (occlusal force distribution and occlusion time) when using the T-Scan system. These values showed moderate reliability.

Comparison Between Maximum Bite Force on First Molar with Prosthesis and Contralateral First Molar Without Prosthesis

Background: Bite force is an indicator of the functional state of the masticatory system that results from the action of jaw elevator muscles modified by the craniomandibular biomechanics. Bite force measurement is essential in dental treatment as an extreme bite force on tooth may affect health of periodontium and increase risk of prosthesis fracture. A patient with low biting force may be helpful for the successful long-term outcome of prosthesis. A variety of devices has been used to record human bite force. Nowadays, sensitive electronic devices are used those are both accurate and precise enough. Recently, T-scan has been more popular to record the pattern of occlusion. The T-scan system precisely and dynamically records the occlusal contact time, force, and area in percentage. T-scan identify both force and timing which are the most fundamental parameters for measuring occlusion. The present study was designed to compare maximum bite force on first molar with prosthesis and contralateral first molar without prosthesis by using T-scan. Objectives: To compare maximum bite force (MBF) on first molar with prosthesis and contralateral first molar without prosthesis. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental type study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics, BSMMU. The patients were selected by a consecutive sampling technique, requiring permanent restoration in endodontically treated first molar on one side and natural first molar on contralateral side. The selected tooth was prepared for full veneer crown following standard procedure with armamentarium. Symptomless patients up to 3 months were measured bite force on cemented prosthesis and contralateral natural tooth. Bite force was measured with T-scan for three times with 30 sec interval and highest value was recorded in a data collection sheet for each patient to compare maximum bite force on first molar with prosthesis and contralateral first molar without prosthesis in the same patient. Result: The maximum bite force at the first molar without prosthesis was 14.30 ±4.2% and first molar with prosthesis was 12.05 ±3.55%. Tooth without prosthesis maximum bite force was significantly more than the tooth with prosthesis. Conclusion: Maximum bite force was significantly higher in tooth without prosthesis than the tooth with prosthesis. The difference of maximum bite force was not statistically significant in relation to gender, age and BMI.

Computerized dynamic occlusal analysis and its correlation with static characters in post-orthodontic patients using the T-Scan system and the ABO objective grading system

ObjectivesThis study was conducted to detect the overall performance of both static and dynamic occlusion in post-orthodontic patients using quantified methods, and to ascertain the correlation between the two states of occlusion.Materials and methodsA total of 112 consecutive patients evaluated by ABO-OGS were included in this study. Based on the pre-treatment Angle’s classification of the malocclusion, samples were divided into four groups. After removing orthodontic appliances, each patients underwent the American Board of Orthodontic objective grading system (ABO-OGS) and T-Scan evaluations. All the scores were compared within these groups. Statistical evaluation included reliability tests, multivariate ANOVA, and correlation analyses (p < 0.05 was considered significant).ResultsThe mean ABO-OGS score was satisfactory and did not differ by Angle classifications. The indices making substantial contributions to ABO-OGS were occlusal contacts, occlusal relationships, overjet, and alignment. Disocclusion time in post-orthodontic patients was longer than normal. Occlusion time, disocclusion time, and force distribution during dynamic motions were considerably influenced by static ABO-OGS measurements, especially occlusal contacts, buccolingual inclination, and alignment.ConclusionPost-orthodontic cases that passed the static evaluation of clinicians and ABO-OGS may nevertheless be left with dental casts interference in dynamic motions. Both static and dynamic occlusion should be extensively evaluated before ending orthodontic treatment. Further research is needed on dynamic occlusal guidelines and standards.

Effect of different occlusal forces on the accuracy of interocclusal records of loose teeth.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of loose teeth on the accuracy of occlusal records by comparing the differences in the number of occlusal contact points, occlusal contact area, and the center of the occlusal contact region under different occlusal forces in patients with periodontitis. The effects of different occlusal forces on the occlusal contact point (OCP), occlusal contact area (OCA) and the center of occlusal contact region (OCC) of loose teeth. Occlusal training was performed on the thirty patients who completed periodontal serial treatment. One doctor took the occlusal records with silicone rubber and the T-scan system; the patients were digitally scanned intraorally by a technician. The data of the healthy teeth were recorded as the control group, and the data of the loose teeth were recorded as the experimental group. Then we used Image J to measure the numbers of OCP and OCA and Auto CAD to calculate the coordinates of OCC. A paired t-test was used to analyze whether the differences in OCP, OCA, and OCC were statistically significant when the occlusal forces were different. The OCA of all three experimental methods increased under heavy occlusal force (p<.01), and the silicone rubber OCA increased the most. The OCC of all three experimental methods was shifted in the buccal and mesial (p<.01). And the occlusal records obtained by the T-scan system showed a low correlation between the differences of OCA and OCC. Whether the teeth were loose or not, the OCA increased under heavy occlusal forces. For patients with loose teeth, the OCC was shifted toward the buccal under heavy occlusal force.

Digital Occlusion Analysis after Orthodontic Treatment: Capabilities of the Intraoral Scanner and T-Scan Novus System

Digital technology is becoming increasingly popular in dentistry. The aim of this article is to demonstrate and compare the capabilities of two different digital approaches, namely, intraoral scanning and digital examination of occlusion, in the final analysis of occlusion after orthodontic treatment. The capabilities and limitations of both systems are emphasized to help clinicians determine which system to use in specific cases. Materials and methods: The study included 32 patients (15 males and 17 females) in the retention phase after orthodontic treatment. Patients were aged 15 to 28 years with a mean age of 18.62 years (±4.17), and 62.2% were aged under 18 years. At the beginning of the orthodontic treatment, 18 patients had Angle Class I and 14 had Angle Class II. Overall, 18 patients were treated without extractions and 14 with extractions, while 12 had impacted teeth. All patients wore an Essix retainer in the upper jaw and a fixed canine-to-canine retainer in the lower jaw. Intraoral scanning was performed using Trios color (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2014), and digital occlusion imaging was performed using T-Scan Novus (Tekscan, Norwood, MA, USA, 2018). SPSS 23.0 was used to perform descriptive statistical analysis. Result and Conclusion: With the 3Shape system, the contacts are marked based on the proximity between dentitions. The T-Scan system measures the strength of the contacts, regardless of their area. Despite its many advantages, intraoral scanning is not a reliable method for recording occlusions. The results obtained are not incorrect, but they include limited parameters for analysis. The T-Scan system provides comprehensive results and allows analysis and treatment of occlusal dysfunctions. The T-Scan system can provide information on the first contact, strength of the contacts, contact distribution on each tooth, sequence of contacts, maximum bite force and maximum intercuspation, path of the lower jaw movement, and occlusion and disocclusion times as well as record videos with active sequences and distributions of the contacts. There is a good collaboration between intraoral scanning and digital occlusion determination.

Aspects of Dental Occlusion Assessed with the T-Scan System among a Group of Romanian Dental Students in a Cross-Sectional Study.

This study evaluated the occlusal relationships in students with bruxism, using the T-Scan III system, and their correlation with the activity of the masticatory muscles assessed through surface electromyography (sEMG). The study group was divided into two subgroups (based on self-reporting): 20 participants with possible bruxism and 20 participants without possible bruxism; all participants underwent the following evaluations: sEMG recordings using the dia-BRUXO device for masticatory muscles assessment, as well as static and dynamic occlusion using the T-SCAN III system. The analysis of the maximum intercuspidal (MI) position revealed a positive moderate association between the values of the occlusal forces in MI distributed along the two hemiarches, and the number of grinding events during daytime, which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The analysis of protrusion movements reflected statistically significant differences between the non-working interferences and sEMG parameters specific to bruxism (p < 0.05). The analysis of laterotrusion movements indicated that participants with anterolateral guidance presented higher values of awake bruxism indexes and higher values of clenching events during nighttime. For all three mandibular movements, their duration was higher for the study group compared to the control group. Therefore, this study confirmed the utility of sEMG recordings in the bruxism diagnosis process, as well as the association between dental occlusion and bruxism.

Evaluation of the accuracy of T-scan system and Cerec Omnicam system used in occlusal contact assessment

PurposeThe objective of the present study was to determine the accuracy of T-scan system and Cerec Omnicam system with respect to the evaluation of occlusal contact by quantitatively comparing the occlusal contact areas and the overlapping ratios of occlusal contact areas obtained from these systems. Material and methodsThe occlusal contact of 20 adolescents with normal occlusion was measured with the T-scan system and the Cerec Omnicam system, respectively. The occlusal contact areas in the intercuspal position were then quantified with Adobe Photoshop CS6 Software. The same procedure was repeated for each subject using with 8 μm articulating paper as the control group. The overlapping ratio of T-scan system and Cerec Omnicam system was calculated respectively, which is defined as the ratio of overlapping areas comparing with those obtained from articulating paper. To examine the accuracy of T-scan system and Cerec Omnicam system, the Paired t-test was applied. The reproducibility of T-scan system was evaluated with Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test by comparing the occlusal contact areas between two repeated measurements. In all statistical analysis, the level of significance was set to α = 0.05. ResultsResults demonstrated measured occlusal contact areas were significantly different between those obtained between T-scan system and Cerec Omnicam system (P < 0.05). The tooth position of two-dimensional virtual dental arch established by T-scan system based on the width of the central incisor was in disagreement with the actual tooth position. The overlapping ratios obtained from Cerec Omnicam system were higher than those obtained from the T-Scan system (P < 0.05). The sensitivity of T-Scan system in anterior teeth area decreased when sensors are used more than once (P < 0.05). ConclusionsIn the intercuspal position, the accuracy of Cerec Omnicam system for occlusal contact assessment is higher than that of T-scan system. The T-scan system demonstrates good reproducibility in the premolar region and the molar region, but poor reproducibility in the anterior teeth region. Clinical implicationsIn the intercuspal position, Cerec Omnicam system is more accurate than T-scan system, which can quantitatively analyze occlusal relationship in terms of number, position, size and distribution of occlusal contact points. When evaluating occlusal contacts, the accuracy of T-scan system in anterior teeth region is significantly lower than that of premolar and molar regions.

Influence of T-scan System on Occlusion Correction of Implant Supported Prostheses: A Systematic Review

To systematically evaluate the literature evidence regarding the suitability of the T-scan occlusal system for implant supported prostheses. A thorough bibliographic search was conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane library, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Scopus to collect relevant articles published from January 1, 2008 to August 30, 2021, using a combination of the following words: "T-scan," "Implant supported prostheses," and "dental implant" according to the PRISMA guidelines for the focused research question constructed using the PICO criteria. Randomized control trials, prospective studies, retrospective studies on the use of T-scan system in implant-supported prostheses reported in English language were included in the study. This review consisted of 17 studies and 359 patients rehabilitated with 1,126 implants. In 3 studies, removable types of prostheses were given over implants, and in 14 studies, fixed types of prostheses were given. Nine studies determined the percentage of occlusal force magnitude and occlusion time sequence. Three studies measured the localization of the occlusion center. T-scan was used in two studies to measure the amount of gingival crevicular fluid after occlusal adjustment. The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 2 years or more. T-scan proved with better results than other occlusal analysis indicators in terms of occlusion measurement, clinical execution, quantify the location and contact timing, and occlusion in 3D with more precision. T-scan occlusal analysis system is widely used in dentistry and there is an increase in the number of studies, so a systematic review evaluating and comparing results is warranted.

The Importance of T-Scan III Digital Electronic System in Fixed Restorations Occlusal Analysis – A Review

BACKGROUND: Occlusion is one of the most important aspects of dentistry. Dental occlusion differs among individuals. Subsequently, realizing the correct physiological occlusion is essential for the complex functioning of the stomatognathic system during the mouth prosthodontics rehabilitation. AIM: The purpose of this review paper is to provide an overview of the T-Scan system over its utility in fixed restorations occlusal analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic search was performed through PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria for selection were articles reporting the occlusion analysis using articulating paper as a conventional method, and occlusion analysis using T-Scan III digital electronic system to detect contact points between the mandibular and maxillary teeth. RESULTS: The electronic search identified 70 titles. Authors ended up with eight studies which have been divided into two tables. The first table is described four studies which present a comparison between the T-Scan III electronic system and articulating paper. The second table is described 4 studies which present occlusal analysis using the T-Scan III electronic system. CONCLUSION: Based on the published literature, this review has highlighted some advantages of the T-Scan electronic system compared to articulating paper. The studies showed that the T-Scan computerized occlusal analysis which can provide quantifiable occlusal force and timing data that will make it possible to better protect brittle dental ceramic, and most importantly, to improve the quality of patient’s lives with improved bite comfort and chewing function.

Comparison of settling of occlusion in modified and full coverage thermoplastic retainers using T-scan

Objectives: The main intent of the study was to evaluate and compare the occlusal bite forces after settling between conventional and modified thermoplastic retainer groups using T-Scan. Material and Methods: This study comprised a total of 20 patients, who approached the retention phase after completion of fixed orthodontic therapy. After debonding (T0), occlusal analysis using the T-Scan system was done at centric occlusion. Group I (control) – 10 patients received the conventional thermoplastic retainer and Group II (experimental) – 10 patients received the modified thermoplastic retainer. Patients were instructed to wear the retainer continuously for 6 months except while eating and brushing. T-scan analysis after 6 months (T6) was done to evaluate the changes in occlusal bite forces. The obtained data were evaluated using STATA/IC software version 16.1 at a predetermined probability value of 0.05 which was considered significant. Results: The result obtained from this study was suggestive of significant improvement in bite force levels at centric occlusion in the modified thermoplastic group compared with the conventional group. Comparing the right (P &lt; 0.17) and left (P &lt; 0.01) posterior region, there was significant increase on the left side. A significant increase at maximum centric occlusion (P &lt; 0.01) was seen in the region of the first molars. The anterior region did not show any improvement (P &lt; 0.62) after 6 months of retention. Conclusion: Partial coverage of thermoplastic retainer significantly improves the occlusal contacts and force levels. The maximum change was seen in the posterior region and the minimum change in the anterior region at centric occlusion.

Occlusal Indicators Used in Dental Practice: A Survey Study.

Introduction The function of the masticatory apparatus is complete when the dentition is intact with contact between the individual teeth and proper occlusion with the antagonists. For years, occlusal contacts have been studied to determine their exact location and describing various materials and methods for their registration such as paper foil, silk, and Shimstock foil. For years, occlusal contacts have been studied to determine their exact location and describe various materials and methods for their registration such as paper foil, silk, shim stock foil, the T-Scan system, and more recently the OccluSense system. The primary aim of the study was at evaluating which of the occlusal indicators is the most commonly used in practice, and the secondary aim was whether dentists are willing to use digital methods to examine occlusion. Materials and Methods The main primary information of the survey was collected by sending electronically anonymous questionnaires to 2014 dentists, randomly selected from all regions of the country. 228 questionnaires were filled in and returned. To achieve the goal of the study, the self-developed questionnaire was created and tested to survey the opinion about the use of occlusal indicators in dental practice. Each questionnaire contains questions about the sociodemographic and professional status of the people in the group and their opinion about the positives and negatives and the effectiveness of occlusal indicators. Results The obtained results confirm the statement that the most frequently used occlusal indicator in dental practice is the articulation paper. Articulation foil and silk are used less frequently than articulation paper. Of the listed quality indicators, Shimstock foil is rarely used in practice. Of the indicated quantitative indicators, the T-Scan system is more used than the OccluSense system. In the era of rapid technology development, the opinion and desire of dentists to increasingly want to introduce in their clinical practice quantitative methods are the digital diagnosis of occlusion. Conclusion In any dental practice, if technically possible, digital methods would be used, giving more accurate and reliable data on the registered occlusal contacts.

Development of a biomechanical model for dynamic occlusal stress analysis

The use of traditional finite element method (FEM) in occlusal stress analysis is limited due to the complexity of musculature simulation. The present purpose was to develop a displacement boundary condition (DBC)-FEM, which evaded the muscle factor, to predict the dynamic occlusal stress. The geometry of the DBC-FEM was developed based on the scanned plastic casts obtained from a volunteer. The electrognathographic and video recorded jaw positional messages were adopted to analyze the dynamic occlusal stress. The volunteer exhibited asymmetrical lateral movements, so that the occlusal stress was further analyzed by using the parameters obtained from the right-side eccentric movement, which was 6.9 mm long, in the stress task of the left-side eccentric movement, which was 4.1 mm long. Further, virtual occlusion modification was performed by using the carving tool software aiming to improve the occlusal morphology at the loading sites. T-Scan Occlusal System was used as a control of the in vivo detection for the location and strength of the occlusal contacts. Data obtained from the calculation using the present developed DBC-FEM indicated that the stress distribution on the dental surface changed dynamically with the occlusal contacts. Consistent with the T-Scan recordings, the right-side molars always showed contacts and higher levels of stress. Replacing the left-side eccentric movement trace by the right-side one enhanced the simulated stress on the right-side molars while modification of the right-side molars reduced the simulated stress. The present DBC-FEM offers a creative approach for pragmatic occlusion stress prediction.

Comparison of Two Generations of Systems for Digital Occlusion Examination

BACKGROUND: The modern concept of occlusion includes the relationship between teeth, masticatory muscles, and temporomandibular joints in function and dysfunction. Occlusion can be defined very simply: it means the contacts between teeth. Qualitative and quantitative methods are used to register and evaluate occlusal contacts. The T-Scan handpiece model was updated in 2015 as T-Scan Novus (software version 9.1) and the latest updated one being the T-Scan version 10 software introduced in 2018. AIM: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the capabilities and results of two generations of systems - T-Scan III and T-Scan Novus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For the realization of the set goal, the occlusion of a patient with the initials S.K. is examined with two systems. The patient is 43 years old with intact teeth, Angle’s class I jaw relation. The study with T-Scan III was conducted in 2015 and with T-Scan Novus in 2019. RESULTS: The software of both systems uses a graphical interface, which transforms the data obtained during the recording of the occlusion as the model of the upper dentition of the patient in T-Scan III and the upper and lower dentition in T-Scan Novus. Registered occlusal contacts are illustrated as 2D and 3D images of different colors. The graph force/time shows the power versus time from the first contact to the end of the movie. The timing table displays the patient’s total occlusal bite timing, and the force applied. T-Scan Novus software allows you to import digital fingerprint files of the upper and lower dentition in.stl format. CONCLUSION: The software program of the system version 9.1 provides better visualization of dental arches making it much more informative than other versions. The T-Scan system allows fast and accurate registration and analysis of occlusion.

Digital Occlusal Load Analysis in Dental Arches Restored with Single Implant Supported Restoration Using Two Occlusal Schemes. (T-Scan in-vivo study)

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of the size of occlusal contact areas of single implant supported restoration on occlusal load distribution on adjacent premolars using a digital occlusal analyzer (T-Scan). Material and Methods: Twenty four patients with missed lower first molar were received delayed dental implants, where they divided into 2 main groups according to the presence or absence of adjacent lower second molar (n=12). Group (Ι): Patients with missing mandibular first molar with the presence of adjacent second molar and premolar teeth,while group (ΙΙ): Patients with missing mandibular first molar tooth with the presence of adjacent premolars and absence of adjacent distal molars.Two occlusal schemes were followed during superstructure construction, dividing each group into two subgroups, (n=6). Patients were evaluated for occlusal load distribution before and after cementation of the crown, and after 3 and 6 months using T-scan system (9.1). Results: Regarding second premolar; the occlusal load distribution % in the different groups was statistically insignificant. Regarding first premolar; occlusal scheme 1 in both groups showed statistically significantly higher median occlusal load distribution % on the lower first premolar than occlusal scheme 2 in both groups. Conclusion: The size of occlusal contact area of the implant supported crown is an important factor affecting occlusal load distribution on adjacent premolars. Decreasing the size of occlusal contact area of the implant supported crown will increase the force on adjacent premolars.

Occlusion and disocclusion time analysis in young patients affected by bruxism.

Bruxismis an involuntaryparafunctionalhabit performed unconsciously during sleep by the jaw muscles in which the tooth rows are pressed against each other and move horizontally. The symptoms in the oral cavity are slightly elusive which makes it difficult to diagnose. The aim of this study was to analyze the occlusion and disocclusion times in young adults affected by bruxism compared with healthy subjects. Thirty-four patients (15 men and 19 women) aged between 20-25 years were included in the study. They were allocated into two groups: group 1 - controls (n=13), and group 2 - patients who reported clenching or grinding their teeth (n=21). The study was conducted using a T-Scan Novus occlusion diagnostic device. The results obtained for the occlusion and disocclusion times were analyzed using the latest version of the T-Scan system software (ver. 9.1). The values for occlusion and disocclusion times of all subjects were recorded in the T-Scan. The occlusion times in the control group were found to be longer than those in the bruxism group. The disocclusion times of the subjects in group 1 were found to be shorter than those in group 2. The T-Scan system makes it possible to quantify the occlusion and disocclusion times, which helps to diagnose an initial form of bruxism in individuals at a young age.