Systematic Review Protocol Research Articles

Evaluating the effectiveness of recovery-oriented interventions for youth who vape nicotine: a systematic review protocol.

The increase in nicotine vaping among youth has emerged as a critical public health concern. Vaping among youth is linked to adverse health outcomes, including nicotine addiction, cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases and mental health challenges. Recently, there has been a growing demand for research to expand on treatments to enhance the recovery process from vaping nicotine in youth. To this date, no comprehensive review identifies all interventions available for vaping recovery and compares their effectiveness in youth. This proposed systematic review seeks to identify all recovery-oriented interventions for youth aged 10-24 that facilitate vaping recovery and evaluate the measured effectiveness. This review will serve to support healthcare practitioners, nurses and policymakers to further understand recovery interventions and aid in improving vaping recovery among youth. This protocol, registered with PROSPERO, adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocol (PRISMA-P) framework, and the final review will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to ensure quality and replicability. The review will comprise studies including youth aged 10-24 engaging in nicotine vaping. A comprehensive search will be conducted across MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus and CINAHL, with no restrictions on the date range due to the recency of the topic. Two independent reviewers will screen the identified research for eligibility at the title and abstract levels, with any disagreements resolved by a third reviewer. The review will include randomised control trials and quasi-experimental studies. Full-text review and data extraction will be standardised and completed by the primary researcher. Additionally, studies will be assessed for quality and potential biases. Given that this is a review of existing literature, no ethics approval is required. The focus on youth necessitates careful consideration of ethical standards. This review is committed to contributing responsibly to public health knowledge regarding youth vaping recovery. The results from this review will be disseminated through publication in an open-access, peer-reviewed journal and likely through posters and presentations at scientific conferences. CRD42024543994.

Impact of virtual consultations on quality of care in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and narrative synthesis protocol.

Around 463 million people globally have diabetes, of which over 90% have type 2 diabetes (T2D). Projections indicate an expected increase to 700 million by 2045. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated digital health uptake, establishing virtual consultations as a feasible alternative to traditional in-person care. Despite promising preliminary evidence, a comprehensive review is needed to fully assess the impact of virtual consultations on diabetes care. This review aims to systematically evaluate the impact of remote consultations on the quality of care provided to persons with T2D, by mapping impacts against the six quality domains outlined by the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) (ie, patient-centeredness, effectiveness, efficiency, timeliness, equity and safety). PubMed/MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), COCHRANE Library, EMBASE (Excerpta Medica Database), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) and Web of Science will be searched for studies published between 2010 and 2024. Primary outcomes will include any quality measures pertaining to the NAM domains for adult patients accessing virtual consultations. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool will be used to assess the quality of the randomised studies, and the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomised Studies of Interventions will be used for non-randomised studies. The findings will be summarised as a narrative synthesis. This systematic review protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews on 15 November 2023 (registration number: CRD42023474219). This review will not include primary data and therefore does not require ethical approval. This protocol complies with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. Findings will be disseminated as academic publications and conference presentations and summarised into patient-led lay summaries.

Effectiveness of Self-Management Programs Among Athletes With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: Protocol for a Systematic Review.

Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a highly prevalent overuse knee injury in athletic populations associated with pain and functional limitations, exacerbated by activities such as running, pivoting, cycling, and jumping. Self-management programs empowering athletes to take an active role in controlling their symptoms for chronic musculoskeletal conditions such as patellofemoral pain syndrome have grown in popularity. However, the efficacy of self-management programs specifically for athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome is unclear due to limited and heterogeneous evidence. The systematic review study will evaluate the effectiveness of self-management programs on pain and function, in athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome. PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and PsycINFO databases will be systematically searched using terms related to "patellofemoral pain syndrome," "self-management," and "athletes." Interventional studies that are randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials will be included, comparing self-management programs to other treatments or control conditions among athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Four reviewers will independently screen studies, extract data using the COVIDENCE software, and assess the quality of the study and evidence using the Pedro scale of risk of bias tool and GRADE approach, respectively. If feasible, a meta-analysis will be performed using the RevMan (version 5.4; the Cochrane Collaboration). The systematic review is currently in the search phase, with the authors refining search strings for the selected databases. The final search strings are expected to be ready by March 2024, and the review is projected to be completed by July 2024. This systematic review protocol outlines a rigorous methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of self-management programs among athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome. The findings will inform clinical practice and guide the development of tailored interventions to optimize outcomes for athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome. PROSPERO CRD42023492746; https://tinyurl.com/c5jze9ca. PRR1-10.2196/58340.

E-leadership Practices and Implication for Higher Educations: A Systematic Review Protocol

E-leadership practices in developed countries are employed for leadership in business and industry which is an applicable system that is advantageous for leaders and employers to connect simply through technology. However, e-leadership practices in higher education, specifically in developing countries, need further investigation. To gain insight into this gap in e-leadership practices in higher education, this systematic review will search and analyze e-leadership practices from developed to developing countries in different disciplines with different methodologies which have implications for higher education. For this systematic review, the databases GOOGLE SCHOLAR, PUBMED and IEEE XPLORE will be utilized. Articles published in the English language that focus on e-leadership practices in different disciplines will be eligible. The evidence will be searched and data will be extracted on the similarities and differences between e-leadership practices in previous research. Indicating the searched evidence in methodology, geography, and discipline will determine how many e-leadership practices exist. I will ensure that all articles are checked and address e-leadership practices in different disciplines and contexts to provide vital ideas and implications for higher educations.

Can blood flow restriction induce cross-education of muscle strength and volume? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This research systematically assesses the effects of low-load blood flow restriction on the cross-education of muscle strength and volume, providing evidence-based guidance for clinicians and rehabilitation therapists. The literature search utilized databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Quality assessment employed the Cochrane Collaboration's RCT bias evaluation tool. Data synthesis, forest plot creation, and publication bias assessment were performed with Reman 5.4 software. This study is registered with the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (INPLASY), 202440038. Six meta-analyses, encompassing 259 undergraduate students, were performed. Results indicated a markedly enhanced cross-education effect in muscle strength induction via blood flow restriction, surpassing that of traditional unilateral training and control groups. Nonetheless, the cross-education impact on muscle volume induction showed no notable variance among the groups. Blood flow restriction has been shown to effectively induce cross-education in muscle strength. Nevertheless, additional research is required to determine its impact on muscle strength. Nevertheless, additional research is required to determine its impact on muscle volume cross-education. Reduced exercise intensity with blood flow restriction may augment neural activation, implying possible advantages in rehabilitative training for individuals with neurological conditionsmeriting additional investigation.

Burnout in Infection Control Practitioners During Public Health Crisis Events: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review Protocol

Background Infection prevention and control work environments are highly complex in nature and have long been associated with crisis events including serious infectious disease outbreaks. The role of infection control practitioners shifted exponentially during the COVID-19 pandemic and with this rapid and nebulous change came anxiety, emotional exhaustion and ultimately burnout. Burnout at work generally occurs as a response to chronic and prolonged exposure to emotionally challenging events, causing emotional exhaustion, feelings of cynicism, and lack of accomplishment at work. This systematic review aims to investigate burnout in infection control practitioners during public health crisis events (major outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics) in upper-middle and high-income countries on a global scale. Methods A mixed-methods systematic review will be carried out and will include qualitative, quantitative and primary mixed-methods studies that investigate the different elements of burnout, during public health crisis events. After an initial scoping literature search, up to six databases will be searched for studies on burnout in relation to infection prevention practitioners. Study quality will be checked using standardised JBI critical appraisal tools. The proposed review will follow the JBI convergent integrated approach for mixed methods systematic reviews. Following data extraction, quantitative data will then be converted into ‘qualitized data’ in the form of textual descriptions. Discussion It is well documented that adverse conditions during public health crisis events can lead to burnout. This systematic review will investigate of burnout in infection control practitioners in upper-middle and high-income countries during public health crisis events. The findings will inform healthcare professionals, senior policy makers and researchers and will help contribute to a richer understanding of burnout and associated factors in infection control practitioners. Protocol registration number PROSPERO 2024 CRD42024508996.

Prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in people living with HIV and on antiretroviral treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become the most common hepatic condition globally. The prevalence of MASLD continues to increase, paralleling the consistent rising rates of risk factors such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Literature suggests that human immunodeficiency virus-infected (HIV-infected) individuals may have an increased risk of developing MASLD due to a complex interplay of factors including antiretroviral therapy. Since the development and widespread use of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-induced liver disease has continued to be the predominant cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. This protocol serves to narrate the methods that will be employed in conducting the published literature search for the systematic review and meta-analysis which will report on the global prevalence of MASLD on people living with HIV and on ARV treatment. The search of literature will be done using search engines or electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, African Journal Online, and ResearchGate. Specific keywords will be used to search literature that has reported on the prevalence of MASLD among HIV patients receiving antiretroviral treatment, this will ensure the reproducibility of the study. Cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies, retrospective cohort studies, clinical trial studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews that were published in the English language from 1990 to 2024 will be included. Animal studies will be excluded. Three independent reviewers will conduct the selection process and select studies that meet the eligibility criteria. A quality assessment tool, Downs and Blacks will be used to assess the risk of bias of the selected studies. A review manager will be used for meta-analysis of collected data and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool will assess the strength of evidence. The review will not require ethical clearance as it will only include data that is publicly available in published reports. The results of this review will be disseminated through publications. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024516814).

Performance of ChatGPT in medical licensing examinations in countries worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

In November 2022, the online artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot ChatGPT was released to the public, and swiftly garnered global attention because of its ability to provide detailed answers to complex queries. In medical field, ChatGPT has shown great potential to be used in medical education and has excelled in many English-language medical licensing examinations. However, due to the variability of medical licensing examinations in different countries, and ChatGPT's particular proficiency in English, the previous literatures showed that ChatGPT is unable to pass medical licensing examinations from non-English-speaking countries or those not administered in English. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to review whether ChatGPT can demonstrate consistent accuracy across diverse medical licensing examinations and be used in medical education across countries. In this study protocol, we aimed to analyze and review the differences in performance of ChatGPT in medical exams in various language environments and countries, as well as its potential in medical education. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to collect papers testing the performance of ChatGPT in medical licensing examinations. We imported all the collected literatures into Rayyan and screened the literatures based on the selection criteria and exclusion criteria. The risk of bias and quality of included studies was assessed by using Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Data from included studies was extracted into an Excel spreadsheet. All of the above processes were completed by two reviewers independently. A third reviewer was consulted in cases of disagreement. Finally, we provided both quantitative and qualitative analysis of the findings from the included studies. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024506687.

Efficacy of beta blockers in patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract Studies investigating the efficacy of β-blocker agents on patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm have produced heterogeneous and conflicting results. This study was aimed to assess protective effects of β-blockers in terms of aortic events (dissection, rupture) and mortality in patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm. A systematic literature search was performed through Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Pubmed and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Cochrane CENTRAL), all from inception to May 10, 2022. Randomized controlled trials exploring the efficacy of β-blocker agents in patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm were considered for inclusion with no population restriction. Two independent reviewers performed the literature search. Two reviewers independently extracted all available prespecified relevant data in accordance with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews protocol. Summary effect measures of the primary outcomes were obtained by pooling the data with an inverse variance–weighted random-effects model. The overall risk of bias assessment was conducted by using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool A sensitivity analysis was performed regarding whether the conclusions reached might differ substantially if a single study was omitted. The primary outcome was aortic events (aortic dissection/rupture). Secondary outcomes were death (all-cause mortality) and aortic dissection. Two independent reviewers identified 4 RCTs presented in 5 reports from 1494 unique studies screened. Three trials involving 129 eligible participants compared β blockers (propranolol and celiprolol) with no treatment. One trial involving 32 eligible participants compared β blocker (atenolol) with placebo. This systematic review and meta-analysis included 161 patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm (mean age, 27.6 years; 80 [49.7%] male, mean follow-up 6.7 years). The pooled risk ratio in the β-blocker arm for aortic events was 0.74 [95% CI (0.20; 2.71), I2: 0%, p=0.64] when comparing to the placebo or no treatment in patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm. The pooled risk ratio for death (all-cause mortality) and aortic dissection in the β-blocker arm were 0.45 [95% CI (0.10; 1.98), I2: 0%, p=0.29] and 0.58 [95% CI (0.15; 2.24), I2: 0%, p=0.43], respectively. The risk of aortic dissection, rupture, or death were essentially identical, regardless of treatment group and subgroup analysis. A sensitivity analysis revealed that none of the studies significantly influenced the pooled risk estimate to any great extent. We found no evidence of benefit from β-blocker treatment. More robust data regarding β-blocker use in patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms from randomized controlled trials are needed to establish evidence based recommendations and to determine whether current evidence comes from absense of evidence or evidence of absense.Forest plot for death (all-cause)

Preoperative Calcium or Vitamin D Supplement in Thyroidectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the role of preoperative calcium and vitamin D supplementation in patients who underwent total thyroidectomy. The search for randomized controlled trials was performed in the OVID Medline and Embase databases. The last search was made on September 16, 2024. Three independent reviewers evaluated full-text articles from relevant reports based on eligibility criteria. The quality of the included studies was assessed by two reviewers according to the ROB 2 tool. This systematic review and meta-analysis considered 13 studies with 1504 participants. There were positive results in treatment outcomes including the mean postoperative calcium level (MD, 0.30 mg/dL: 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.44); the 48 h of postoperative hypocalcemia (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.62); the postoperative symptomatic hypocalcemia (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.62); the IV calcium supplementation (OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.58); and length of hospital stays (MD, -0.29; 95% CI, -0.51 to -0.07) as compared to the control group. Readmission rates showed no significant differences between the groups (OR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.01 to 3.08). Preoperative calcium and vitamin D supplementation in patients who underwent total thyroidectomy results in reduction of postoperative symptomatic hypocalcemia. The finding is critical because it offers a feasible and effective solution that could improve patient care while potentially reducing the burden of numerous blood tests during the postoperative period. This systematic review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42021278859). Level 1 Laryngoscope, 2024.

Personalized, performance-specific speech intervention in children with a cleft palate: A systematic review protocol.

The provision of speech intervention in children requires personalized, child-tailored approaches. Different speech-intervention approaches exist to eliminate cleft-related speech errors in children with a cleft palate. However, it is unclear what approach works best for the subtypes of cleft-related speech errors. To describe a protocol for a systematic review that provides speech-language pathologists with the current literature concerning more individualized speech intervention in children with a cleft palate. A systematic literature review was performed following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Two speech-language pathologists with clinical and scientific experience in cleft speech searched different electronic databases for relevant studies. No limit regarding publication date was set. Specific eligibility criteria were defined and used to include or exclude the studies. All included studies were evaluated with a risk-of-bias assessment tool and levels of evidence. Relevant data were extracted from the studies (study design, study population characteristics, intervention characteristics and outcome characteristics) and a narrative synthesis was performed. The findings of this systematic review will significantly contribute to the evidence on personalized speech intervention in children with a cleft palate. The study will inform speech-language pathologists on the possibilities to tailor treatment plans more to the specific subtype of cleft-related speech errors. The planned systematic review also makes recommendations for further cleft speech intervention research. What is already known on this subject At present, there is growing evidence for different speech therapy approaches in children with a cleft palate. Despite the recognized need for personalized, child-tailored therapy, there is no consensus on the best speech therapy approach per different subtype of compensatory cleft speech characteristic. What this study adds to the existing knowledge This paper provides a protocol for a systematic literature review of this topic. Specifically, it searches the literature for the use of personalized speech therapy approaches in children with different subtypes of compensatory cleft speech characteristics. What are the practical and clinical implications of this work? The systematic literature review provides speech-language pathologists with the current literature concerning personalized, performance-specific speech intervention in children with a cleft palate. Besides, the results will support therapy decision-making in children with a cleft palate in different speech-related clinical contexts.

A systematic review protocol of injuries and illness across all the competitive cycling disciplines, including track cycling, mountain biking, road cycling, time trial, cyclocross, gravel cycling, BMX freestyle, BMX racing, e-sport, para-cycling and artistic cycling

IntroductionThe sport of cycling has witnessed phenomenal growth over the past decade. Globally, over 200 million television hours across five continents watched the recent inaugural World Championships in Glasgow, in 2023. The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the world cycling governing body, has highlighted its mission to “promote and support research in cycling epidemiology and medicine, especially for the benefit of lesser-known disciplines” within its 2030 Agenda. This paper outlines a proposed protocol to conduct a systematic review that comprehensively analyses and synthesises the existing literature about cycling-related injuries and illness across all competitive disciplines.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines will be followed through each stage of this systematic review. Cycling is an umbrella term used for many individual disciplines. Investigation of all types of injuries and/or illnesses sustained during training and/or competition among competitive athletes across all disciplines will be included in this review. A computerised, systematic literature search will be conducted in electronic databases MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Independent screening by two reviewers in a two-step process: title/abstract screening followed by full-text review. The reference lists of included articles will be searched to identify any other potentially relevant articles. Narrative synthesis and tabular/charted presentation of the extracted data will be included.DiscussionThis protocol paper outlines the methodology to conduct a systematic review of injuries and illness across all competitive cycling disciplines. The aims of outlining this systematic review protocol are to aid research transparency, help reduce publication bias, prevent selective publication, and prevent the selective reporting of results. Future systematic reviews based on the proposed protocol will summarise the known prevalence, incidences, locations and burden of injury and illness across the sport of cycling.Trial RegistrationThis study has been registered with the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (registration number CRD42024502703).

Music Therapy for Pain and Anxiety Reduction in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Procedures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol

Introduction: Many children undergo invasive and noninvasive procedures in the pediatric medical setting, which can be associated with pain and anxiety. Both pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions are currently being used to minimize pain and anxiety in pediatric patients in the medical setting. Music therapy is an evidence-based, cost-effective, and nonpharmacological service administered by a board-certified music therapist which may reduce pediatric pain and anxiety during procedures. We will undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis that will comprehensively analyze the quantitative publications that detail the effects of music therapy on pediatric pain and anxiety for patients undergoing invasive or noninvasive medical procedures. Method: This protocol is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement and is registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Prospero; CRD42023474635 ). A three-step, iterative search strategy will include (1) an initial scoping search, (2) development and execution of a comprehensive search strategy, and (3) a search for additional publications. Procedures for disagreements among reviewers and the article screening process are outlined. Statistical analyses including analysis of outcomes and sensitivity analysis has been determined. A plan for critical appraisal of sources using the Grading Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) and quality of evidence using the Outcome Reporting Bias in Trials (ORBIT) of evidence is also present in this protocol. Conclusion: This protocol is presented with the intention to execute and publish results of this systematic review and meta-analysis to help inform clinical practice and future research.

Effectiveness of gait analysis in management of osteoarthritis knee at primary care settings in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Background: This systematic review will focus on the effectiveness of gait analysis on osteoarthritis knee management. The objectives of this systematic review and meta-analysis are to synthesize the clinical effectiveness and to compare the effectiveness of gait analysis in the osteoarthritis knee management in Asian population. Methods: This review will be conducted and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. To discover relevant papers, the search technique will use MeSH terms such as osteoarthritis knee, gait analysis, osteoarthritis knee management, primary healthcare, effectiveness, and Asia. Other synonymous words will be searched using the Boolean operator "and"/"or" on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane. Randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of gait analysis in the therapy of osteoarthritis knee patients in primary care settings in Asia will be considered. A random effects meta-analysis will be carried out using the REVMAN software version 5.3.5. The STATA software version SE16 will be used for both cumulative and comparative meta-analysis. Conclusions: This review and meta-analysis will be among the first to give an extensive purview on the effectiveness of gait analysis in osteoarthritis knee management at primary care settings in Asian population. This study will also acknowledge the effects of different gait analysis strategies with an attempt to compare the same. Trial Registration: The protocol has been registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024540444).

Typical profile of a patient with atrial fibrillation in the Russian population based on medical registries. A systematic review

Aim. To compare clinical and anamnestic characteristics of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) included in three large international stu­dies assessing the efficacy and safety of therapy with direct oral anti­coagu­lants, with the profile of a typical Russian patient with AF in clinical practi­ce, established by medical registries in the Russian Federation (RF).Material and methods. A systematic review of scientific publications was con­ducted. The search was conducted in the E-library and Google Scholar databases. Publications from 8 registries of patients with AF, con­ducted in the Russian Federation from 2012 to 2023, were found, which present the clinical and anamnestic characteristics of patients. All studies included in the analysis meet the generally accepted require­ments for medical registries. The systematic review protocol was pre­viously recorded in the PROSPERO electronic database (CRD42024512425).Results. A Russian patient with AF is a patient with a large number of cardiovascular pathologies and a high risk of thromboembolic events. According to the analysis, Russian patient with AF has an average age of ~70 years. Most patients have a diagnosis of hypertension, heart failure, while from one third to half of patients have a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. From 20 to 30% of patients have a history of myocardial infarction and every fifth patient has type 2 diabetes.Conclusion. In all countries around the world, including the Russian Fe­deration, for many years, medical registries have been one of the main sources of information on the characteristics of patients with AF and the disease course. They can supplement the available data from randomized clinical trials with real-world data. Comparison of clinical and anamnestic characteristics of patients in randomized clinical trials of direct oral anticoagulants with characteristics of patients in the Russian registries shows that patients included in the Rivaroxaban Once Daily Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared with Vitamin K An­tagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fib­rillation (ROCKET AF trial) were most similar to Russian patients with AF.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of non-SCORTEN predictors of mortality in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare, severe cutaneous adverse reactions that result in in-hospital death in 12-49% of cases. The severity-of-illness score for toxic epidermal necrolysis (SCORTEN) is the most widely used mortality prognosis score; however, it has been shown to have critical limitations. Other mortality predictors not incorporated in SCORTEN or other predictor tools are being increasingly reported. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize and evaluate the predictors of mortality in adults with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis not included in SCORTEN. It was registered with the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (INPLASY) and conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines. Potential bias was assessed using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) criteria. Forty articles describing results from 52,398 cases were included. Sixteen predictors were reported in five or more articles, and thirty-three were reported in two to four articles. Meta-analysis showed preexisting renal disease (odds ratio (OR): 3.14, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.99-4.97, P < 0.0001, I2 = 21%), renal involvement (OR: 5.62, 95% CI: 2.29-13.77, P = 0.0002, I2 = 36%), respiratory involvement (OR: 3.14, 95% CI: 1.25-7.92, P = 0.015, I2 = 66%), diabetes mellitus (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.21-2.89, P = 0.005, I2 = 19%), sepsis (OR: 5.64, 95% CI: 2.81-11.29, P < 0.0001, I2 = 63%), comorbidity (OR: 9.13, 95% CI: 4.60-18.12, P < 0.0001, I2 = 0%), and time to hospitalization (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.15-5.65, P = 0.021, I2 = 93) increased risk of mortality. This systematic review and meta-analysis support several clinical and laboratory parameters not included in SCORTEN (preexisting renal disease, renal involvement, respiratory involvement, diabetes mellitus, sepsis, comorbidities, and time to hospitalization) as predictors of mortality in adults with SJS/TEN. The future utilization of these factors may improve mortality prognostication in adults with SJS/TEN.

Examining the Prevalence and Effects of Gender-based Violence in Academic Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses.

Gender-based violence (GBV) in the academic job sector is a critical issue that intersects with broader systemic and structural inequities, but research is limited. To study the prevalence, effects, and prevention measures of interpersonal GBV within the academic job sector, a meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis protocol. Rigorous searches were conducted across the databases PubMed, OVID, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL, using specific keywords related to GBV, workplace, and virtual work environments, identifying papers published between January 2013 and February 2023. Studies were evaluated based on the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes framework. Data from papers were extracted and grouped by reported instances, and prevalence data for interpersonal GBV were reported in university settings, including in-person, hybrid, and virtual environments, and among men, women, and those who identify as 2SLGBTQ+. A random effects meta-analysis of proportions was conducted to evaluate the reported point prevalence rates of interpersonal GBV in academia between 2012 and 2015. Subgroup analyses were performed for university staff only, females only, and males only. Out of the 1,290 records, 16 studies met the inclusion criteria. The types of violence identified include sexual harassment, workplace bullying and online harassment, which affects career advancement, and employee well-being. The meta-analyses, conducted with a 95% confidence interval [CI], identified that 51.4% (95% CI [39.9%, 63.0%]) of university staff members experience GBV, with females, 59.3% [38.1%, 80.5%], experiencing greater rates than males, 44% [28.1%, 44.1%]. The findings underscore the need for institutional interventions to address interpersonal GBV in academic workplaces.

Infectious complications of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare severe cutaneous adverse reactions to medications characterized by keratinocyte necrosis leading to loss of protective barrier function and increased susceptibility to infection. Infection is a major cause of morbidity, and septicemia is the leading cause of mortality in this population. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine infectious complications' prevalence and risk factors in adults with SJS and TEN. This review was registered with the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (INPLASY) and conducted in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines. Thirty-six articles describing results from 1446 cases were included. Skin infection was the most commonly diagnosed infection. The pooled prevalence of sepsis, respiratory tract infection, skin infection, and urinary tract infection was 27.3%, 21.5%, 37.5%, and 21.8%, respectively. Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly identified organism. The overall quality of the studies was suboptimal, and the level of heterogeneity was high. The skin, bloodstream, respiratory, and urinary tracts are most commonly infected in the course of adult SJS and TEN. During hospitalization, clinicians should closely monitor and promptly investigate for these as well as several other infectious complications. More research is needed, with greater attention to the risk factors and causative organisms that cause these infections.

Livestock and environment as potential sources and reservoirs for multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli in Malaysia: A Systematic Review

Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a significant foodborne pathogen that poses a serious global public health risk. These pathogenic strains of E. coli can be found in various environments such as soil, water, livestock, livestock products, and humans. This review aims to evaluate the role of livestock and the environment as potential sources and reservoirs of pathogenic E. coli in Malaysia over the past two decades. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases using standardized keywords (Escherichia coli, Livestock, Abattoir workers, Farm workers, and Malaysia) to identify relevant original research articles published between 2001 and 2023 and our systematic review protocol was published in Prospero (Registration number: CRD42023433199). A total of 20 eligible articles were included in this review. The prevalence of multi-drug resistant E. coli among livestock production system and the environment, ranged from 4% to 100%. E. coli strains isolated from livestock production systems and environment in Malaysia exhibited high potential for pathogenicity, with diverse enterotoxins, genes associated with antimicrobial resistance, and virulence factors. Phylogroup B and D were noted among the E. coli isolates indicating that the strains in Malaysia are highly virulent and extra-intestinal. High levels of resistance to antimicrobials particularly ESBL and colistin which are last resort antimicrobials were noted. Butchering or processing of livestock, contamination of plants via contaminated waterways or livestock manure are the main sources and reservoir for E. coli to spread in Malaysia. Continued surveillance, monitoring and a comprehensive 'One Health' approach are recommended to effectively prevent and control livestock drug-resistant E.coli strains throughout the country.

Mapping Green Supply Chain Practices: An Extensive Bibliometric Review with the SPAR-4-SLR and TCCM Framework

Purpose: The growing global awareness of environmental sustainability and the threat of climate change has prompted organisations to embrace green supply chain practices (GSCP) to minimise their ecological footprint and improve their competitive edge. The primary objective of this study is to offer a comprehensive, insightful analysis of the GSCP utilising the TCCM (theory, context, characteristics, and methods) framework. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study conducts an extensive bibliometric analysis, incorporating the TCCM framework and SPAR-4-SLR (Scientific Procedures and Rationales for Systematic Literature Reviews) protocol, to delve into the dynamic field of GSCP spanning 2004 to 2023. Findings: This article offers a nuanced exploration of the intricacies of GSCP research dynamics, shedding light on influential articles, distinguished authors, prominent academic institutions, publication sources and nine key thematic research clusters that have had a substantial impact and propelled this pivotal domain forward. TCCM framework is used to construct an all-encompassing citation network, elucidating five significant domains guided by the theoretical framework. These domains include social and economic theories, resource and strategy theories, innovation and change theories, systems and interdisciplinary theories, and management and organisation theories. Every subcategory within the GSCP realm represents a distinct and unique facet and is supported by an individual theoretical framework and scholarly contribution. Practical Implications: The findings from the bibliometric review yield significant insights for researchers and green supply-chain practitioners. This article aims to guide future research endeavours and policy formulation by evaluating the existing knowledge base and pinpointing diverse research avenues. It underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration among academics from different domains to address the complex aspects of sustainability in supply-chain operations, thus highlighting the multidisciplinary character of green supply-chain research. Originality/Value: To the best of our knowledge, this review study is the first to present a bibliometric analysis of GSCP using the TCCM framework and the SPAR-4-SLR protocol.