Implementation Of System Research Articles

PENGGUNAAN PINJAM NAMA PERSEROAN TERBATAS DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PAJAK DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PENERIMAAN PAJAK

The practice of using nominees in business and tax relationships has a significant legal impact, both in terms of legal certainty, accountability, and state revenue. This study examines the legal impact of name borrowing practices on companies as outlined in Decision No. 29 / Rev.G/2022 / PN.Mdn. This case involves the use of the name PT Guna Karya Nusantara by substantive parties to meet the requirements of the tender, which resulted in tax problems due to unknown tax arrears. The study also discusses the weak regulation that allows tax evasion through nominee practices and the ineffectiveness of tax collection in the current Indonesian tax system. From the perspective of legal theory, this study uses Gustav Radbruch's principle of legal certainty and Milton Friedman's theory of accountability to assess emerging legal problems. The results of the analysis show that the non-transparent legal relationship between formal and substantive parties creates legal loopholes that can be exploited, thereby weakening the self-assessment based taxation system. In addition, the direct impact of this practice is significant state losses due to delayed tax revenues. As a solution, the Directorate General of taxes designed the reform of the tax system through the implementation of the Core Tax Administration System (CTAS) in 2025. The system replaces the central and branch taxpayer mechanisms with a single entity, thereby strengthening transparency, accountability, and efficiency in tax enforcement. This study recommends revisions to regulations, including the KUP law and Presidential Regulation No. 12 of 2021, in order to eliminate legal loopholes related to nominees, as well as provide strict sanctions to violators. With a holistic approach, this study concludes that reforming the tax system and strengthening regulation is needed to prevent tax evasion and ensure the fairness and effectiveness of the law in supporting state revenue

DIGITALISASI LAYANAN SAMSAT: Peningkatan Kepatuhan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor Melalui e-Samsat di Kabupaten Muna

The purpose of this study is to determine the DIGITALIZATION OF SAMSAT SERVICES: Increasing Motor Vehicle Tax Compliance Through e-Samsat in Muna Regency. This research method is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The research informants consisted of 9 people. Data collection techniques through interviews, direct observation, and documentation. Qualitative descriptive research is research that aims to describe events or phenomena that occur in the field and present data systematically, factually, and accurately regarding the facts or phenomena that occur in the field. The results of the analysis of the implementation of the e-SAMSAT system in Muna Regency first have not been fully implemented properly such as the content dimension, in addition, the dimensions of timeliness and ease of use are effective. However, this system has not had a major influence on taxpayer compliance. There are still obstacles in the implementation of the e-SAMSAT system in paying taxes, including Cultural or historical reasons, Lack of information or counselling by the Government to taxpayers and Individual Atmosphere. Gradual and comprehensive socialization is needed from related officials, namely the Muna Regency SAMSAT Public Relations Team in public places by opening stands to introduce the existence of the e-SAMSAT system service so that taxpayers can be aware of their obligations.

Challenges and Opportunities for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in Latin America

This research addresses the challenges and opportunities for electric vehicle charging stations in Latin America. The transition to electric mobility is crucial to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, modernize the quality of life in urban areas, update public policies related to transportation, and promote economic development. However, this is not an easy task in this region; it faces several obstacles, such as a lack of liquidity in governments, a lack of adequate infrastructure, high implementation costs, the need for clear regulatory frameworks, and limited public awareness of the benefits of electric mobility. To this end, the current panorama of electric mobility in the region is analyzed, including current policies, the state of the charging infrastructure, and the prospects for growth regarding electric vehicles in Latin America. Factors that could lead to their successful implementation are promoted, highlighting the importance of public policies adapted to Latin American countries, collaboration between the public–private industry, the industry’s adoption of new technologies in this region, and the education of the population, and the benefits of these policies are considered. Successful case studies from the region are presented to provide us with an idea of practices that can be carried out in other countries. The implementation of a charging system in Latin America is also studied; the successful implementation of charging systems is found to depend largely on the existence of integrated public policies that address aspects other than the charging infrastructure. Finally, the value of the work and the research findings are presented to indicate what this study can help with. These strategies are key to overcoming the challenges and maximizing the benefits of electric mobility in Latin America.

Thin-Film Technologies for Sustainable Building-Integrated Photovoltaics

This study investigates the incorporation of thin-film photovoltaic (TFPV) technologies in building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) and their contribution to sustainable architecture. The research focuses on three key TFPV materials: amorphous silicon (a-Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), and copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS), examining their composition, efficiency, and BIPV applications. Recent advancements have yielded impressive results, with CdTe and CIGS achieving laboratory efficiencies of 22.10% and 23.35%, respectively. The study also explores the implementation of building energy management systems (BEMS) for optimizing energy use in BIPV-equipped buildings. Financial analysis indicates that despite 10.00–30.00% higher initial costs compared to conventional materials, BIPV systems can generate 50–150 kWh/m2 annually, with simple payback periods of 5–15 years. The research emphasizes the role of government incentives and innovative financing in promoting BIPV adoption. As BIPV technology progresses, it offers a promising solution for transforming buildings from energy consumers to producers, significantly contributing to sustainable urban development and climate change mitigation.

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy in complex renal tumors using the Versius platform: An initial but promising experience

ABSTRACT Background and objectives The widespread utilization of robotic surgeries in urology encouraged several teams to explore the option of performing robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN), taking advantage of its magnified stereoscopic vision and the articulating instruments that facilitate tumor resection and the reconstructive steps of hemostasis and renorrhaphy. The implementation of the CMR Versius system in RAPN, especially in complex masses, has not been explored yet. Herein, we present our initial experience in performing RAPN in complex renal masses using this novel platform. Methods Between July 2022 and November 2023, thirty patients who had complex renal masses and were candidates for RAPN were enrolled in this study. Tumor complexity was assessed using the preoperative aspects of the dimension used for anatomic (PADUA) nephrometry scores. Perioperative data were prospectively collected and analyzed. ‘TRIFECTA’ was defined as free surgical margins, warm ischemia time (WIT)< 30 minutes, and no major complications (>Clavien-Dindo II). Results All cases were successfully completed with no conversion to radical, open, or laparoscopic surgery. The median PADUA score was 9.5 (8–11). The mean docking time, console time, and total operative time were 9.17 ± 0.91, 149 ± 14.27, and 177.17 ± 29.53 minutes, respectively. The mean WIT was 26.67 ± 3.66 minutes. Surgical margins were free in all cases. TRIFECTA was fulfilled in 25/30 patients (83.33%). Five patients (16.66%) did not fulfill TRIFECTA; two patients had prolonged WIT > 30 minutes, two had prolonged WIT with prolonged urine leakage necessitating DJ stent insertion, and the fifth patient had only prolonged urine leakage and DJ insertion. None of the patients developed tumor recurrence or acute kidney injury during follow-up. Conclusion Performing RAPN with the CMR Versius platform is a feasible option in complex renal masses with slightly increased but accepted WIT and total operative time. It should be wisely restricted to well-experienced teams.

RETRACTION: Interoperable square‐circular coupled coils for wireless electric vehicle battery charging system with different misalignments

AbstractRETRACTION: C. S. Banothu, S. R. Gorantla, R. V. B. Attuluri, G. R. Evuri: Interoperable square‐circular coupled coils for wireless electric vehicle battery charging system with different misalignments. IET Power Electronics, 1–18 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1049/pel2.12742The above article, published online on 1st July 2024 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) has been retracted by agreement between the journal's Editor‐in‐Chief, Volker Pickert, The Institution of Engineering and Technology and John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.Concerns were raised in the article, regarding substantial text overlap with the following source:Design and implementation of an inductive power transfer system for wireless charging of future electric transportation.When the authors were contacted for an explanation, they have acknowledged the text overlap and have requested to retract the article. The authors apologise for the oversight.

Challenges and solutions in implementing electronic prescribing in Iran’s health system: a qualitative study

BackgroundThe use of electronic prescribing is recognized as a strategic tool for improving healthcare. Given the nationwide implementation of electronic prescribing systems initiated in 2020, this study aims to explore the challenges and solutions for implementing electronic prescribing in Iran’s health system as a developing country.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted through interviews with physicians, pharmacy staff, and electronic prescribing representatives in 2023. Initially, three in-depth interviews were conducted to develop the interview questions, resulting in three separate interview guides for each participant group (supplementary file no.1). Participants were purposively selected, including 12 physicians, 15 electronic prescribing representatives, and 9 pharmacy staff members. Interviews continued until data saturation was reached. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using Inductive content analysis with MAXQDA version 10 software. To identify challenges, sessions were held, and a final list of challenges was categorized. In the final stage, expert panels including 3 researchers, 4 e-prescribing representatives, and 3 insurance experts were formed to propose solutions.ResultThe challenges identified in this study were categorized into two main domains: “Organizational Challenges” and “Systemic Challenges.” Organizational challenges included issues related to insurance (16 cases), patient referrals (4 cases), stakeholder education and communication (6 cases), and supervision (8 cases). Systemic challenges included infrastructure problems (18 cases), user interface (UI) issues (14 cases), and database issues (10 cases). The primary challenges in implementing electronic prescribing were system downtime and sluggishness, internet connectivity issues, and the existence of multiple insurance systems. Expert panel discussions resulted in proposed solutions, including the uniform design of software by the Ministry of Health, the establishment of an integrated electronic referral system, conducting practical training sessions for physicians, and implementing electronic signatures.ConclusionElectronic prescribing in Iran is still in its early stages and will inevitably face challenges and problems. Continuous monitoring of electronic prescribing systems is essential to address implementation issues promptly. Issues related to training insurance monitoring the user interface and database infrastructure were challenging. Overall, improvements in infrastructure, integration of insurance systems, implementation of electronic signatures, adherence to electronic prescribing standards, and provision of practical training are recommended.

Identity Work in Interdependent Professional Groups: The Role of a Target Identity in Enterprise Systems Implementation

Powerful new technologies in the workplace are significantly changing what employees do and how they depend on others. Key tasks that professionals regard as core to their job are automated, forcing entire professional groups to reconsider their identity within their organization. In doing so, professional groups can either feel threatened and resist new technology or develop enhanced role identities that they pursue using the technology. Our study of financial accountants and management accountants shows how managers can help employees develop enhanced role identities and become more satisfied with their jobs. Managers should ensure that each professional group has early and concrete experiences with how new technology helps them perform new, value-added tasks that are consistent with their sense of who they are as professionals in the organization. However, management must also consider how different organizational functions and professional groups will work together in light of new technology. During the technology implementation process, managers and consultants should foster intensive exchange and critical discussion among interdependent professional groups to facilitate an open renegotiation of which professional group takes on which of the existing and new organizational tasks.

Applied fault diagnosis with distributed monitoring systems: Bridging theory with practice

We address the feasibility of the pragmatic implementation of monitoring systems for real-time distributed fault diagnosis in complex processes. We delve into the integration of theoretical distributed estimation methods and practical distributed embedded systems. This study emphasizes the merger of distributed computing and signal processing to augment fault diagnosis in dynamic systems. We introduce a generic mathematical model for distributed fault diagnosis algorithms, laying the groundwork for a reference network computing architecture that details the essential components, organization, and operational characteristics necessary for distributed monitoring systems. Subsequently, we evaluate existing software and hardware solutions that facilitate the realization of these systems. The theoretical framework and system design are empirically validated through an experimental setup involving a liquid-level control system, demonstrating the efficacy and applicability of our approach.

USE OF GEO-INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR GROUNDWATER MONITORING

Abstract . The article is devoted to the study of the possibilities of using geographic information systems (GIS) for monitoring the state of groundwater, which is important for ensuring environmental safety and sustainable management of water resources. Groundwater is an important source of fresh water for the population, industry and agriculture, but it is vulnerable to various pollutions caused by both natural and anthropogenic factors. Therefore, the implementation of reliable monitoring systems that allow timely detection, assessment and forecasting of changes in water quality is necessary to prevent the deterioration of the ecological situation and prevent the spread of pollution. Geographic information systems (GIS ) offer significant opportunities for the collection and integration of large volumes of spatial data, including satellite images, remote sensing results, automated sensor data, and field observations. GIS allow creating multi-layered maps reflecting the ecological state of underground aquifers, modeling pollution processes and predicting their possible impact on nearby ecosystems and water sources. Thanks to the use of GIS, it is possible to combine data from different sources in a single interactive system, which simplifies analysis and provides the ability to quickly respond to any detected deviations. The article examines in detail the key methods used within GIS for groundwater monitoring, including satellite sounding to analyze changes in the earth's surface, spectral indices to assess the state of vegetation and soil salinity, and radar methods to determine soil electrical conductivity. Particular attention is paid to the application of three-dimensional modeling, which allows visualization of the spread of pollution in underground aquifers, which facilitates decision-making regarding the optimal location of monitoring stations and the design of protective structures. In combination with automated sensors recording water parameters in real time, GIS provides continuous monitoring of the physico-chemical indicators of groundwater and allows for prompt assessment of their condition. The article also analyzes the possibilities of using predictive modeling in GIS to assess the further spread of pollution and develop environmental risk management measures. It is described how mathematical models in GIS can help predict the impact of anthropogenic and natural factors on groundwater, which ensures the development of scientifically based solutions to reduce pollution and maintain water quality at a safe level. The implementation of GIS in groundwater monitoring is an important step towards increasing the efficiency of water resources management, ensuring their protection from pollution and preserving the ecological stability of the regions.

Evaluating the sustainability of biohydrogen, biogas, and biohythane generation from agricultural, industrial, and municipal waste sources

AbstractBiofuel production from waste materials offers an effective solution for generating renewable energy in biohydrogen, biogas, and biohythane while reducing waste and recycling valuable nutrients. This review examines recent advances in biohydrogen and biogas production from renewable resources, focusing on the environmental impacts of different production techniques. It emphasizes life cycle analysis (LCA) as an important tool for assessing these impacts and discusses key production pathways and processes. The variability in LCA methodologies – including differences in software, impact categories, system boundaries, functional units, and analytical approaches – poses challenges for direct comparisons of studies. Despite these challenges, fermentation‐based production methods show substantial environmental advantages, such as reduced CO2 emissions, diminished ozone depletion potential, improved human health outcomes, lower ecotoxicity, and reduced fossil fuel use. Combining biohydrogen production with anaerobic digestion for biohythane generation demonstrates even greater energy efficiency and greenhouse gas reduction. Adopting waste‐to‐energy strategies grounded in life cycle principles could advance renewable energy system implementation and sustainability significantly.

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Implementation as a Method of Reducing Emissions from Coal Thermal Power Plants in Poland

The Polish economy, and especially the energy sector, is facing an energy transformation. For decades, most electricity in Poland has been generated from hard coal, but in recent years, renewable energy sources have been gaining an increasing share of the market. The aim of the energy transformation is to reduce the carbon footprint in electricity production, which translates into the decarbonization of the economy, including manufactured products. Currently (2024), increasing the share of renewable energy sources raises major challenges in terms of energy storage or other activities and forces cooperation with flexible sources of electricity generation. One of the challenges is to determine what a decarbonized energy mix in Poland could look like in 2050, in which there would be sources (with a smaller share of coal sources in the mix than currently) of electricity generation based on hard coal with CCS technology. In order to do this in an economically efficient manner, there are aspects related to the location of power plants that would remain in operation or repower current generating units. The added value of the study is the simulation approach to the analysis of the problem of assessing the effectiveness of CCS technology implementation together with the transport and storage infrastructure, as well as the multi-aspect scenario analysis, which can determine the limits of CCS technology effectiveness for a given power unit. Positive simulation results (NPV amounted to 147 million Euro) and the knowledge obtained in the scope of the correlated and simultaneous impact of many important cost factors and prices of CO2 emission allowances make this analysis and its results close to reality. Examples of analyses of the effectiveness of CCS system implementations known from the literature are most often limited to determining linear relationships of single explanatory variables with a specific forecasted variable, even if these are multifactor mathematical models.

Modern methods for protecting and storing data in computer systems to ensure their fault tolerance

The study's relevance stems from the fact that, in today’s world, where digital technologies permeate all areas of life and cyber threats continuously adapt, traditional methods of identifying critical vulnerabilities that rely on internal data often lag behind the evolution of these threats, leaving computer systems critically vulnerable. Ensuring the fault tolerance of computer systems is essential for stability and protection against such threats. The research methodology includes analyzing modern approaches to ensuring fault tolerance in relation to both hardware and software, utilizing cybersecurity models, redundancy, and data integrity at both the routing and system levels. Reliability was evaluated through theoretical analysis and application of existing technologies, as well as analysis of available system failure statistics based on open data sources. The main goal of the research was to develop recommendations and practical solutions to enhance the fault tolerance of computer systems through the integration of software and hardware protection methods based on an analysis of existing solutions. The task was to ensure system resilience to hardware-software failures before, during, and after their occurrence, thereby minimizing downtime of the hardware-software complex and data loss. The research demonstrated that a comprehensive approach provides the best protection, with the ability to identify issues before they arise. This includes component redundancy of both software and hardware types and the implementation of diagnostic and predictive failure systems. Systems equipped with modern anomaly detection methods can respond much faster to potential threats and minimize losses, while hardware systems with active monitoring and automatic switchover to backup components ensure continuity of processes in the event of critical technical failure. Future technologies, such as using artificial intelligence to analyze system state and predict potential failures, will significantly increase the efficiency and protection of hardware-software systems. However, they currently face compatibility challenges when combined with both legacy and new equipment, limiting their widespread adoption. The results of the research show that systems utilizing a hybrid monitoring approach, combining software and hardware protection, better adapt to changing operating conditions and demonstrate higher fault tolerance.

THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN HEALTH CARE FIELD UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL STATE

In the conditions of martial state, the need for fast and accurate processing of large volumes of information, especially in the field of health care, is increasing. This is due to a lack of resources, an increase in the number of victims of military operations, displaced persons, the complication of access to medical services in connection with hostilities, the loss of individual specialists and information arrays, as well as increased risks for information security and the entire process of public management of information technologies in the health care field. The public administration of information technologies in health care is becoming critical to ensure the stability of healthcare services, support communications between healthcare facilities and government agencies, and effectively process and protect healthcare data. The analysis of scientific works on the issue of the public administration of information technologies in health care under the conditions of martial state is insufficiently researched. The article highlights the main challenges of the industry related to the war: ensuring the continuity of medical services, the appropriateness of public administration decision-making in conditions of limited access to open information, problems with logistics, and stable power supply, information protection and cyber security, shortage of qualified personnel; adopted management decisions, and information technology tools, which were used by authorities at the state and regional levels to respond to new challenges, were investigated. In the article, we are offered some recommendations for the further development and management of information technologies in the healthcare field. The main ones are further measures to strengthen cybersecurity, namely the widespread implementation of the Digital Competency Framework for Healthcare Workers in various areas, the implementation of modern information protection systems, the implementation of an information security policy, measures to legalize and update software, deepening the integration of mHealth into the existing eHealth system to enable rapid and remote collection of medical information and the introduction of artificial intelligence elements into healthcare management processes.

Prospects for the development of the communication system and the equipment of special purpose with the regulation of the implementation of measures LTE

Further development of the communication system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is impossible without the recovery of advanced combat experience and the step-by-step implementation of current communication systems (complexes, equipment) for the highest task to face the Defense Forces of Ukraine. Therefore, the key is not only the selection of new information technologies and current standards in the field of communication, but also the investigation of their implementation in the minds of combatants (as close as possible to the combative ones) of action. Experience in carrying out tasks in the east of Ukraine, especially during offensive (counter-offensive) operations, clearly identifying the problems of securing communications in territories not prepared for communications, as well as in areas where telecommunications infrastructure is completely or partially destroyed. The purpose of this article is to outline the prospects for the development of the communication system and the equipment of special purpose with the understanding of not only theoretical research in radio communications, but also the results of practical research into the effectiveness of system-technical solution based by installed on the local radio station with mobile communication standards 3G and 4G. Based on the results of the research, conclusions and proposals were formed regarding the prospects for further development of the system, including the use of LTE in the communication system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The stated propositions are based on the results of the final experience of the assigned possession in the interests of the security of military units (subdivisions) in the Sumy region of Ukraine, as well as on the combat line the focus on the offensive (counter-offensive) actions of the Defense Forces of Ukraine in the east of our State. The presentation material of the article is relevant and necessary for training during the research, aimed at improving the forms and methods of combat stagnation of communication equipment (units), tying the decision to choose necessary communication equipment, as well as the formation of management decisions by military administration bodies to organize (secure) connections in future operations with the release of the immediate occupation of the territories of Ukraine.

Literature Review: Biomedical Information of Animal Treadmill Speed Control Using Proportional Integral Derivative Controller

The use of treadmill exercise in cardiovascular research played a vital role in assessing heart health and determining appropriate exercise regimens for patients. Before applying these regimens to humans, experiments on animals, such as white rats or mice, were conducted to simulate human cardiovascular responses. A specialized treadmill designed for experimental animals was required to determine exercise doses based on individual abilities. This process involved controlling the treadmill speed, which was generated by a conveyor driven by a DC motor. The motor speed was regulated through PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control, while encoder sensors monitored the motor’s rotation speed, and limit switch sensors determined the exercise duration. This article reviewed the design and implementation of treadmill systems used for animal-based cardiovascular research, focusing on the control of DC motor speed using PID controllers. Previous studies that contributed to the development of such systems were discussed, with an emphasis on the precise control mechanisms required to simulate exercise conditions tailored to the subject's abilities. The treadmill system also incorporated sensors to accurately adjust motor speed and track exercise duration, ensuring alignment with the physiological capabilities of the test subjects. Furthermore, this review explored the potential for advancing research on treadmill control systems, offering insights into how this technology could support medical experts in determining optimal exercise regimens for white rats. These developments helped bridge the gap between animal-based studies and human applications, facilitating improved cardiovascular research outcomes.

Fire Protection Systems, Life-Saving Facilities, and Fire Management in Depok City in 2020: A Case Study

Introduction: Hospital fire can result in greater casualties, injuries to patients or staff, and loss of property and equipment compared to fires in other types of building. This is attributed to the presence of a large number of vulnerable individuals, including those who are ill, disabled, pregnant, children, elderly, immunocompromised, on life support, or incapable of moving independently. This study aims to assess the implementation of the fire protection system, life-saving facilities, and fire management in Hospital X. Methods: This was a quantitative study on active fire protection system facilities, passive protection system facilities, live-saving facilities, and fire management as the subjects. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and document review, as well as a checklist and then analyzed by comparing the actual conditions with applicable standards and regulations. The final result was presented as the percentage compliance level and categorization according to the criteria established by the Research and Development Agency of the Public Works Department. Results: The active fire protection system presented a standard fulfillment rate of 53%, categorizing it as poor. The passive fire protection systems similarly demonstrated a poor fulfillment rate at 42%, while the life-saving facilities achieved a 66.7% fulfillment rate, placing them in the quite good category. Additionally, fire management attained an 81% fulfillment level, which falls under the good category. Conclusion: Hospital X has a good fire prevention approach with a standard fulfillment level of 60%.

‘Flexible’ versus ‘fragmented’ authoritarianism: evidence from Chinese foreign policy during the Xi Jinping era

ABSTRACT Since the 1980s, a widely held view within the scholarly literature has been that China’s political system is characterised by ‘fragmented authoritarianism’ (FA). According to the FA model, the central government’s power is limited by competing interests among a diversity of actors within the Chinese state. These actors include central government ministries and bureaucracies, local governments, and corporations, which bargain for influence over policy direction, leading to incoherence and inconsistency in decision-making. In this paper, we aim to demonstrate that the FA framework is misleading in the realm of foreign policy, especially in the era of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). In its place, we characterise China’s decision-making and policy implementation system as flexible authoritarianism. Although actors such as corporations and local governments have a considerable degree of autonomy, they are responsible primarily for policy implementation, to which they can make adjustments within a set of broadly defined boundaries. Long-term strategic goals defined by the Party leadership are combined with elements of neoliberal free-market economics and applied with a remarkable degree of consistency. We illustrate the argument through evidence and case studies from Chinese foreign policy during the BRI era.

A Multi-Phase Brushless Direct Current Motor Design and Its Implementation in Medium-Altitude Long-Endurance Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Nowadays, electric propulsion system implementation in vehicles is popular, and many studies and prototypes have been accomplished in this field. Aircraft are important members of the vehicle family, and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are part of this family as well. Some UAVs still have conventional propulsion systems, which are less efficient and are harmful to the environment. In addition, conventional systems are vulnerable to faults in their propulsion system components. To overcome these problems, we designed a multi-phase Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motor, to achieve fault-tolerant operation. Our designed BLDC motor was implemented in a UAV model that was created on MATLAB Simulink, based on a currently used UAV. Our design and performance analysis are shown for the BLDC motor, both standalone and as implemented in the created UAV model. The electric propulsion system performance is shown, according to the determined flight profile. We observed that the designed electric machine is capable of producing the required torque to create thrust for lifting the UAV. There are some advantages and disadvantages to using the designed electric machine in this class of UAV. This is shown in the related sections.

The revival of psilocybin between scientific excitement, evidence of efficacy, and real-world challenges.

The revival of psilocybin in psychopharmacological research heralds a potential paradigm shift for treating mood and anxiety disorders, and other psychiatric conditions beyond the psychotic spectrum. This critical review evaluates current evidence on psilocybin's efficacy, juxtaposing potential benefits with the practical aspects of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) and the methodological constraints of existing research.An electronic literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, selecting studies published up to December 2023 that explored the clinical use of psilocybin in mood and anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorder. Despite promising preliminary results suggesting psilocybin's efficacy in alleviating depression and anxiety, as well as obsessions, compulsions, and addictive behaviors, significant evidence gaps persist. These include evaluating the efficacy of psilocybin compared to standard antidepressants or anxiolytic molecules and identifying patient subpopulations that might benefit most from PAP. Concerns about psilocybin's safety, long-term efficacy, and optimal dosage remain unclear due to previous trials' limitations. Real-world implementation faces challenges, including infrastructural requirements, personnel training, and unresolved legal and ethical issues. This paper argues for further research to substantiate the evidence base, emphasizing the need for larger studies that overcome current methodological limitations and explore psilocybin's full therapeutic potential. While psilocybin holds promise for psychiatry, its successful translation from research to clinical practice demands more robust evidence on efficacy, safety, and methodological rigor. In addition, other factors, such as cultural stigma and legal/ethical issues, need to be successfully addressed to facilitate psilocybin's implementation in healthcare systems.