Fish Farming Systems Research Articles

Improving livelihood in tribal region of Chhattisgarh through integrated fish farming systems

Improving livelihood in tribal region of Chhattisgarh through integrated fish farming systems

The Application of Integrated Neutrosophic CRITIC and Preference Selection Index Methods for Multi Criteria Decision Making Over the Implementation of An Integrated Fish Farming System

This paper presents the application of integrated Neutrosophic CRITIC (The Criteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation) and PSI (Preference Selection Index) methods using by the linguistic variables are converted to Neutrosophic set, which is an effective decision making model in a real life environment. This integrated methods is used to rank the 5 alternatives (Labeo rohita , Cirrhina mrigala , Catfishes, Catla catla, Murrels or Snakeheads) and 6 main criteria( Azolla with Duck Cum-Fish Culture, Paddy -Cum -Fish Culture, Duck- Cum -Fish farming, Fish - Cum -Poultry farming, Fish- cum Pig Culture, Cattle -Fish integrated farming system) for the growth of different varieties of fish by using Neutrosophic Environment.

Antimicrobial Resistance in Aquaculture: Risk Mitigation within the One Health Context.

The application of antimicrobials in aquaculture primarily aims to prevent and treat bacterial infections in fish, but their inappropriate use may result in the emergence of zoonotic antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the subsequent transmission of resistant strains to humans via food consumption. The aquatic environment serves as a potential reservoir for resistant bacteria, providing an ideal breeding ground for development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The mutual inter-connection of intensive fish-farming systems with terrestrial environments, the food processing industry and human population creates pathways for the transmission of resistant bacteria, exacerbating the problem further. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the most effective and available risk mitigation strategies to tackle AMR in aquaculture, based on the One Health (OH) concept. The stringent antimicrobial use guidelines, promoting disease control methods like enhanced farm biosecurity measures and vaccinations, alternatives to antibiotics (ABs) (prebiotics, probiotics, immunostimulants, essential oils (EOs), peptides and phage therapy), feeding practices, genetics, monitoring water quality, and improving wastewater treatment, rather than applying excessive use of antimicrobials, can effectively prevent the development of AMR and release of resistant bacteria into the environment and food. The contribution of the environment to AMR development traditionally receives less attention, and, therefore, environmental aspects should be included more prominently in OH efforts to predict, detect and prevent the risks to health. This is of particular importance for low and middle-income countries with a lack of integration of the national AMR action plans (NAPs) with the aquaculture-producing environment. Integrated control of AMR in fisheries based on the OH approach can contribute to substantial decrease in resistance, and such is the case in Asia, where in aquaculture, the percentage of antimicrobial compounds with resistance exceeding 50% (P50) decreased from 52% to 22% within the period of the previous two decades.

Molecular identification of Mymarothecium viatorum and Anacanthorus penilabiatus in extensive native fish farming systems of the Peruvian Amazon

Piaractus brachypomus (Pacú) is the main native fish species cultivated in Peru and holds great potential for growth in aquaculture from the Peruvian Amazon. Between October 2021 and January 2022 in two fish producing farms in the Amazon region of San Martín in Peru, P. brachypomus individuals were examined for parasite evaluation. A total of 6366 monogeneans were isolated from the gills of 30 fish, revealing a prevalence of 100%, with an abundance and mean intensity of 212 parasites per fish. Monogeneans were morphologically identified as Mymarothecium viatorum and Anacanthorus penilabiatus. The genetic divergence in the 28S rDNA gene found among A. penilabiatus sequences was 0.1% and among Anacanthorus spp. it ranged from 0.9% to 7.5%. The genetic divergence found among the M. viatorum sequences was 0.3%. These finding represents the first molecular data of M. viatorum and A. penilabiatus in Peru using the 28S rDNA gene of these monogeneans. The new sequences obtained will contribute to future studies on the phylogenetic relationships among dactylogyrids. However, further research with a broader range of host-parasite samples and additional genetic markers is needed to clarify these relationships and provide stronger support for the phylogenetic positions.

Alterations in Soil Bacterial Community and Its Assembly Process within Paddy Field Induced by Integrated Rice–Giant River Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) Farming

Integrated rice–aquatic animal farming has become a vital strategy for enhancing food security. To assess the effects of integrated rice–giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) farming (IRPF) on agricultural ecosystems, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze soil bacterial communities in comparison with traditional rice monoculture (RM). Our study revealed that the IRPF did not significantly affect the diversity of the soil bacterial community. However, during the initial culture stage, IRPF markedly increased the relative abundance of the phylum candidate division NC10 and the genus Candidatus Methylomirabilis, enhancing nitrogen-cycling-related functions within the bacterial community. Additionally, IRPF reduced the complexity and stability of these communities in the early to middle culture stages. While stochastic processes usually dominate the assembly of these communities, IRPF restricted bacterial migration and reduced the influence of these stochastic processes. Furthermore, IRPF had a significant impact on environmental factors within paddy soils, strongly correlating with shifts in bacterial communities, particularly through variations in soil nitrite concentration. In conclusion, the influence of IRPF on the bacterial community in paddy soils was primarily observed during the early and middle culture stages, and the impacts of IRPF on the soil bacterial community were primarily driven by environmental changes, especially soil nitrite concentration. These findings provide theoretical insights and a reference for understanding the microbiological impacts of different integrated rice–fish farming systems on agricultural ecosystems.

Applying the FAO surveillance evaluation tool (SET) to assess the fish farming disease surveillance system in Spain.

EU Member States should ensure that they implement adequate health surveillance schemes in all aquaculture farming areas, as appropriate for the type of production. This study presents the results of applying the FAO's Surveillance Evaluation Tool (SET) to assess the Spanish disease surveillance system for farmed fish species, which although applied previously in livestock production, is applied here to aquaculture for the first time. Overall, there were important score differences between trout and marine fish (seabass and seabream) surveillance, which were higher for trout in the following areas: Institutional (70.8% versus 50.0%), Laboratory (91.7% versus 47.2%), and Surveillance activities (75.3% versus 61.3%). For other categories, the values were lower and no significant differences were found. However, most surveillance efforts focused only on trout, for which there are EU and WOAH listed (notifiable) diseases. In contrast, for seabream and seabass, for which there are no listed diseases, it was considered that surveillance efforts should, nevertheless, be in place and should focus on the identification of abnormal mortalities and emerging diseases, for which there are as yet no standardized harmonised methodologies.

Numerical study of diffusive fish farm system under time noise

In the current study, the fish farm model perturbed with time white noise is numerically examined. This model contains fish and mussel populations with external food supplied. The main aim of this work is to develop time-efficient numerical schemes for such models that preserve the dynamical properties. The stochastic backward Euler (SBE) and stochastic Implicit finite difference (SIFD) schemes are designed for the computational results. In the mean square sense, both schemes are consistent with the underlying model and schemes are von Neumann stable. The underlying model has various equilibria points and all these points are successfully gained by the SIFD scheme. The SIFD scheme showed positive and convergent behavior for the given values of the parameter. As the underlying model is a population model and its solution can attain minimum value zero, so a solution that can attain value less than zero is not biologically possible. So, the numerical solution obtained by the stochastic backward Euler is negative and divergent solution and it is not a biological phenomenon that is useless in such dynamical systems. The graphical behaviors of the system show that external nutrient supply is the important factor that controls the dynamics of the given model. The three-dimensional results are drawn for the various choices of the parameters.

Development Of Novel Processed Tilapia Products For The Group Of Female Fish Farmers In The Village Of Ranu Klakah Lumajang

Floatingfish cages are utilized in fish farming systems using public water bodies such as lakes and seas, with tilapia being a widely cultivated fish in Indonesia due to its economic and nutritional value. Ranu Klakah, a volcanic lake in East Java, is explored as a site for tilapia cultivation. Upwelling, the process of nutrient-rich deep water rising to the surface due to wind-induced currents, is examined for its effects on water quality and fish productivity. The activity focuses on the impact of upwelling on tilapia, including reduced water quality, scarcity of natural fish food, physiological stress, disease susceptibility, and decreased fish production. To address the challenges posed by upwelling, it suggests processing tilapia into value-added products, like fish nuggets and skin chips, to enhance market value. Community service activities involving training for making these processed fish products are described, aiming to empower women in the fish farming sector and improve family income. We concludewith insights into the potential benefits of these activities and their positive impact on the local community.

Alleviation Strategies Of Stunting In Infants' Problems Using Tilapia Fish Farming In Sukodono District, Lumajang Regency

Various programs to fulfill community nutrition by the government in Sukodono District have been actively implemented toalleviate the problem of stunting. However, multiplefactors in the field cause the program's sustainability is not optimal. Our service activities are based on strategic issues faced in Sukodono District, consisting of education regarding the causes and solutions to the stunting problem as well as socializing one of the efforts to eradicate stunting by implementing a good, healthy,and environmentally friendly tilapia fish farming system. Supported by the Lumajang Regency Government, it has made various efforts to handle and alleviate stunting in Lumajang, so this outreach activity provides insight to the community, especially posyandu cadres, prospective brides, and mothers from various villages in Sukodono District. This activity aims to help the communities in the Sukodono District, Lumajang Regency, to eradicate the problem of stunting by socializing the tilapia fish farming model and the benefits of tilapia fish. The activity carried out is community service through socialization, training, mentoring, and evaluation for the community in Sukodono District, which can increase public understanding before and after the presentation of material on tilapia program activities to prevent stunting.

Tremátodos y acantocéfalos asociados a mojarra amarilla (Caquetaia kraussii) en un sistema de laguna costera, San Onofre, Colombia

In Colombia, ichthyozoonoses caused by helminths are little studied and remain neglected by the public health sector, representing an interaction to be explored regarding biodiversity and health. Caquetia kraussi is a native fish of Colombia and Venezuela that is economically important due to its high consumption by local communities. This research records the fauna of parasitic helminths associated with C. kraussi in a coastal lagoon system in the Colombian Caribbean. Thirty-two specimens of C. kraussi were captured and inspected in February and December 2020, resulting in the collection of 242 helminths at the metacercariae stage and adults. Parasites included metacercaria of the trematodes Clinostomum sp., Austrodiplostomum sp., two forms of Posthodiplostomum and adults of Oligogonotylus andinus, and adults of the acanthocephalan Neoechinorhynchus sp. These results indicate that C. kraussii acts as a definitive host for O. andinus and Neoechinorhynchus sp., and as an intermediate host for Clinostomum sp., Posthodiplostomum spp. and Austrodiplostomum sp. This research reports for the second time a population of O. andinus in Colombia and the occurrence of a morphoespecies of the genus Neoechinorhynchus that could constitute a new record for Colombia. In addition to contributing to the knowledge of the diversity of fish-associated helminths, the results of this research will make it possible to generate recommendations for the management and control of helminthiasis in artificial fish farming systems that are supplied by natural tributaries, and favor the establishment of hosts and parasites.

Effect of various local natural ingredients fortified in fish feed on the gonad histology and water quality of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

The addition of natural ingredients fortified in fish feed was developed to enhance good formulation engineering. Currently, there is a need to improve follow-up research strategies for designed feed formulations using natural ingredients in tilapia farming. It is hoped that a sustainable and eco-friendly fish farming system will be improved. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of local natural ingredients fortified in fish feed on the gonad histology and water quality of tilapia (O. niloticus). Following these results, the histology test of tilapia showed that more than 50% of the gonad tended to be male in all treatments. This showed that the use of natural ingredients in the appropriate dosage in feed would affect the masculinization of tilapia. Furthermore, the specific growth rate (SGR) with the addition of natural ingredients to the feed showed results comparable to that of synthetic hormones. It can be concluded that the use of natural ingredients such as honey, cow testes, and Tribulus fortified in fish feed revealed a positive effect on the masculinization of tilapia and water quality levels in the fish farming system.

IoT Platform for Monitoring Systems Water pH in the Freshwater Fish Cultivation Process

This study describes the implementation of the Internet of Things using the MQTT protocol and mosquitto as a broker combined with a 2x16 LCD for a pH monitoring system in a freshwater fish farming system at BPBIAT Purwakarta, West Java, Indonesia. To obtain accurate data, the calibration process is carried out in several stages, including using buffer 6.8 and distilled water. The calibration results on the 6.8 buffered liquid sample mean that the data obtained are appropriate, while the aquades obtained a value of 7.73, this is due to the storage factor of the distilled water so that it can change the pH value. The final result of the research shows that the data that appears online on the Node-Red dashboard is the same as that which appears locally on the 2x16 LCD. This means the MQTT protocol is working fine. The data displayed on the Node-Red UI is sent periodically every 30 minutes. The consideration is that, during the experiments, the pH value of the water did not change significantly beyond the range of 6.5-8.5. This data illustrates that the pH quality of the water for freshwater fish farming at BPBIAT is ideal for use.

Implementasi Sistem IoT Pada Akuakultur Dan Hydroponik (Akuaponik) Modern Untuk Pertumbuhan Ikan Nila

In modern times, there are many types of agricultural and fish farming systems, one of which is the modern aquaculture system which has been recognized as an innovative method of sustainable food production that combines fish cultivation with agriculture simultaneously. Modern aquaponics is able to overcome problems in urban areas which require land for growing crops and cultivating fish. Good fish cultivation means always monitoring the growth and health of fish to reduce the risk of crop failure, therefore this research aims to implement an Internet of Things (IoT) system in modern aquaponics to increase the growth of tilapia. IoT parameters consisting of pH sensors, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) sensors, and temperature sensors are used to monitor water quality conditions in modern aquaponics. Through IoT systems, data collected in real-time enables more effective environmental monitoring. The creation of an IoT system in modern aquaponics shows that the implementation of IoT can increase the efficiency of modern aquaponic environmental management, resulting in better fish growth and plant productivity. This was verified through the pH sensor test results with a value of 7.2 indicating optimal conditions of acid-base balance in the water, which is essential for the health of tilapia fish. The TDS sensor test with a value of 300 ppm confirmed that the concentration of solid particles in the water was at an optimal level, which is also an indicator of the health of the tilapia fish. Temperature measurement using a temperature sensor with a value of 28°C, shows that the water temperature is within the ideal range for comfort for tilapia, which is usually comfortable at temperatures between 28-30°C

Osmoregulatory Plasticity in Oreochromis niloticus-Nile Tilapia, and it’s Possible Estuary Use for Rivers Dispersion

Nile tilapia is a widely farmed species globally, due to its resistance to environmental challenges. Additionally, it is a generalist consumer and a prolific breeder. In Brazil, this fish is recognized as an invasive species because of its high dispersion and establishment rates, which compromise native biota. Estuarine waters (0.06 - 32‰) are being used in tilapia aquaculture, which is a promisor fish farming for euryahalinity species. The tilapia’s euryhalinity is well-know, but most protocols are based on gradual exposure. This research showed the tolerance of Nile tilapia on abrupt exposure to 0‰ (FW), and 10, 20, 30, 35 or 40‰, over in 6, 12 and 24 hours. An abrupt exposure resistance demonstrate that this fish can use estuaries to disperse for other watersheds. After experimental design the blood sample was taken after anesthesia was administered. Subsequently, fish was euthanized by spinal section, for muscle and gills samples collections. All samples were keep freezing until ionic, dehydration and enzyme measurement. Nile tilapia survived 24h until 30‰, 12h at 35‰ and 9h at 40‰. Osmolality increase and muscle dehydration decrease both above 20‰. While sodium levels keep regulated in all salinities, chloride, potassium and magnesium levels also increased above 20‰. These results prove that tilapia can easily tolerate abrupt exposure until 20‰ without an osmotic stressor. Gill carbonic anhydrase (C.A.) activity decreased at 30‰, and NKA did not change along salinities and times. These results complements plasma and dehydration averages, showing the large tolerance of this specie to salinity challenges, even in abrupt exposure. Then, these results can be used for discuss about the estuary fish farming system for tilapia, as this species may use estuarine waters to nearby rivers and also can harm the native ecosystem.

Productivity of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) in an Integrated Aquaculture System

Integrated fish farming can be a solution to utilize the scarce resources efficiently and reduce waste disposal through recycling of waste. Hence, the main purpose of this experiment was to estimate the profitability and yield of vegetables (lettuce and spinach) from Oreochromis niloticus in an integrated fish farming system. A total of 114m2 lands for vegetable cultivation and a fish pond with a size of 10m×15m×1.7m were used. 200 fingerlings of Oreochromis niloticus with an average initial weight of 8.5 gram were stocked and reared at a stocking density of 1.3fish/m.2 The experimental design for vegetable production was 2×4 factorial design. The average final weight of Oreochromis niloticus after four months of rearing was 61.76g. Four treatments were used for vegetable production; treatment 1 (T1) was vegetable production using pond water, Treatment 2 (T2) was using fertilizer, treatment 3 (T3) was using compost and treatment 4 (T4) was using tap water (control group). Outcomes of the general linear model revealed that lettuce productions of T1, T2, and T3 were significantly higher than T4, while spinach productions of T1 were significantly higher than(p˂0.05), T2 and T4 but there is no significant difference from T3. Depending on the result T1 was 1.8 times more profitable than T2, 2.06 times more profitable than T3, and 11.06 times more profitable than T4. Based on the current finding, integrated fish farmers could improve fish production, vegetable yield, and net returns by integrating fish farming system with other on-farm activities.

Humic Acid Aplication in Catfish Farming Using Bucket System in Muncul Fish Farm, Banyuwangi, Indonesia

In Banyuwangi, Indonesia, where the vast potential of natural resources remains largely untapped optimally, the community partnership program (CPP) was introduced to enhance freshwater fish production, with a specific focus on catfish farming in the Muncul fish farm. The region's catfish production, the largest among consumer fish commodities, had been hampered by traditional and semi-intensive methods, limited facilities, disease risks, and uncertain market conditions. To address these challenges, the CPP employed a participatory approach, fostering a close relationship between the community development team and partner groups. Through scientific problem-solving discussions, valuable input from partners, and active participation in decision-making, catfish farmers were empowered. The central innovation of applying humic acid in a bucket fish farming system significantly improved catfish productivity and profitability. As a result, partners gained knowledge and skills in intensive bucket fish farming, substantially increasing their productivity and income. To further expand the benefits of this program, promoting urban farming concepts, especially the bucket fish farming system, should be encouraged to engage more individuals with limited space in small-scale aquaculture for food security and income generation.

Application of the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electromagnetic (EM34-3) Geophysical Tools and Sedimentology for the Evaluation of the Subsurface of Sites Earmarked for Aquaculture Ponds in the Amazon Region of Northern Brazil

The present study evaluated the application of Ground Penetrating Radar and Electromagnetic Induction geophysical tools combined with sedimentology for the description of the subsurface of sites destined for the installation of ponds for an extensive freshwater fish farming system. Two areas with similar topographic characteristics (flat land near bodies of water) were investigated in the Amazon region of northern Brazil: Area 1—the future site of an aquaculture research center, and Area 2—an established fish farming operation. These tools performed well in the evaluation of the suitability of the terrain for the installation of aquaculture ponds. The application of these tools can, thus, be recommended for aquaculture projects, given that it provides advanced knowledge on the characteristics of the local soils, which is extremely important to guarantee the sustainability of any aquaculture operation. These data can help minimize the environmental impacts of the process, while maximizing the economic returns to the installation of an aquaculture operation.

Farmers’ Awareness and Perception of Sustainable Agricultural Practices: A Case of Integrated Livestock–Fish Farming System in the State of Assam, India

The purpose of the study is to assess the farmer’s comprehension of a sustainable agricultural practice: integrated livestock–fish farming system. The study is exploratory and descriptive in nature. Awareness on technical, economic, and environmental aspects of the farming system has been assessed on both fish and livestock farmers. Awareness was measured in a dichotomous variable seeking “true” or “false” to various statements under each required aspects of the farming system. Perception was measured using a pretested standardized scale. The awareness and perception of the farmers were found to be positive and relationship between awareness and perception was found to be significant. The farmers are found to be mostly aware of the economic aspects and believed that the particular farming system could be a great avenue for self-employment. Age, education, experience, pond holdings, and extension contact were found to be significant determinants of farmer’s awareness and perception. The assessment of the farmer’s awareness and perception toward the system does not only aid in dissemination of the particular system but also ensures sustainable usages of farm waste for optimum production by making ecological considerations.

Community Based Fish Farming in Lowland Paddy Fields in Moyna, West Bengal, India

Paddy-cum-fish culture in lowland at Moyna block of Purba Medinipur district, West Bengal, India now enjoyed a national importance for development of socio-economic conditions of the rural community. lt seems to have a great potential in India which requires small cash outlays and could provide significant increases in rural employment in short time frame. Several factors are regulates the economic efficiency in the combination system of fish farming. Likewise, reliable sources of quality fish seeds, supplemental feeds and antibiotics, control of predators and pests as well as water quality plays the key factors. Rearing oflndian Major Carps as culture species and minimize the other input cost fishennen become economically beneficial. Consequently, a challenge already proven to protect the bio-geo texture of land and environment by adopting the sustainable management practices within the culture based areas at Moyna, West Bengal, India. A thought provoking analysis based approaches has been done to reveal the freshwater fish production scenario, cost-profit structure and physico-chemical condition of mentioned areas displayed zone wise. To protect, the dilemma of negative impacts of unscientific fish farming practices the urgent need of several significant strategies must be taken by local fish farmers as well as policy makers. Otherwise, the consistent aquatic environment along with the fish farming system will be disrupting in upcoming days.

Geotechnologies applied to geographic information system (GIS) of Fish farming in Rondônia state, Western Amazon

This research demonstrated a Geographic Information System (GIS) of licensed fish farms in Rondônia state, Brazil. Based on structuring of the GIS, spatial analyzes of location and distribution of fish farms were carried out in relation to highway network; to drainage; to microregions of Rondônia and the verification of the density. Methodological procedure consisted of modeling the Database (DB), whose information was obtained from Secretaria do Estado de Rondônia para Desenvolvimento Ambiental (SEDAM/RO), which holds the references of licensed fish farms processed in SPRING and ARCGIS 9 Arcmap 9.3 software. For spatial statistics, the Kernel density estimator was applied. The main result is the fact that GIS made it quick and easy to search for data and information about the fish farms studied. The highest density was 4937.64 fish farms per unit area in Ji-Paraná microregion, which is located in the Central region of Rondônia state. In thematic mapping, the fish farms showed some spatial dependencies, as follows: I – They depend on main access, highway BR 364. II – The cluster of fish farms is arranged where there is greater availability of water, that is, they depend on water courses. Therefore, positioning and distribution of fish farms take place in the three main microregions, Ji-Paraná 40.30% of licensed fish farms, followed by microregions of Cacoal 16.02% and Ariquemes 15.87%.