Conflict Resolution System Research Articles

O ACESSO À JUSTIÇA, DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL, NO SISTEMA MULTIPORTAS DE RESOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS, NA PERSPECTIVA DA CONSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO EM REDE

The Federal Constitution of 1988 gave rise to new paradigms for the constitutional order. Built on the principles of human dignity and solidarity, it aims to guarantee a fair and supportive society. We sought to analyze how multi-door justice has been implemented in the Brazilian judiciary. The study was carried out through bibliographical research and critical analysis. Thinking about the whole so that each individual can obtain the best result applies both in mediation and in participatory democracy. The multi-port Conflict Resolution system is a mechanism for applying alternative means of conflict. The main difference between self-composition and other appropriate conflict handling methods is procedural speed, because the parties through dialogue are able to resolve their conflict, finding the most appropriate solution for it. The dissemination of the fundamental rights recommended in the Magna Carta to the entire society can contribute to the dissemination of the so-called network constitution, aiming at the democratization not only of access to justice, but also of a more participatory community and consequently integrated in the search for social pacification.

IHS: An Intelligent Hybrid System for Conflict Resolution of IoT Services

IHS: An Intelligent Hybrid System for Conflict Resolution of IoT Services

Conflict resolution in the customary village governance administration of Baduy, Tengger, and Samin ethnic groups in Indonesia

In Indonesia, the village government organization is part of local democracy. This includes the local democracy in indigenous villages. Indigenous villages have their own customary rules for implementing village elections. They have their own conflict resolution systems in implementing the village government. The implementation of the indigenous village governance leaves conflicts. So, there is a need for a suitable model for resolving problems in the implementation of village elections. The method used in this research is the qualitative research method with the juridical empirical approach. The locus of this research is in the Baduy, Tengger, and Samin indigenous village communities. The conflict resolution model in the administration of the Baduy, Tengger, and Samin customary villages differs in the right mechanism, but in substance, the resolution model is the same, as they use a deliberation model for consensus. In resolving conflicts, indigenous peoples fully submit to traditional leaders. The provincial and the regency/city governments are expected to give greater attention to the conditions of villages with customary government characteristics.

Utilising mediation for conflict resolution: Insights and future directions

Introduction: in a world increasingly burdened by conflicts, mediation emerges as a vital alternative for resolving disputes. Mediation, involving a neutral mediator aiding parties to reach a mutual agreement, is gaining recognition across various fields such as family, labor, and international disputes. This article explores the application of mediation, the challenges it faces in gaining wider acceptance, and its potential for future expansion.Objectives: to reveal the advantages of mediation over traditional judicial procedures; to identify the obstacles that hinder its widespread implementation; to propose specific measures and recommendations for improving the mediation system; to consider the potential future development of mediation as a crucial element of the modern conflict resolution system and its role in future society.Methods: the study employs analytical methods, comparative analysis, case studies, and a dialectical approach. Data was sourced from academic publications, legislative documents, and specific mediation cases.Results: mediation offers numerous advantages, including faster resolution times, economic benefits, relationship preservation, and confidentiality. Despite these benefits, its adoption is limited by a lack of public awareness, inadequate legal frameworks, and a shortage of trained mediators. Addressing these issues through education, legal reforms, and professional development is crucial.Conclusions: mediation is a crucial tool for conflict resolution, promoting peaceful and constructive solutions. Future developments should focus on expanding its scope, leveraging technology, and strengthening the legislative and professional frameworks. By enhancing public awareness and trust in mediation, it can become a cornerstone of modern conflict resolution practices, contributing to a more harmonious society

Conflict Resolution through Indigenous Knowledge Systems

Abstract Indigenous knowledge is the local knowledge that is unique to a given culture or society. It is the basis for local decision-making in agriculture, medicine, food education, environmental management, craft skills, linguistics and conflict management. The study explored mengehacha, an indigenous system of conflict resolution among the Gumuz people in northwest Ethiopia, which aims to restore peace and harmony within the community when conflicts result from natural resource competition, exchange marriage, clan-based conflict and theft. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, non-participatory observation and document analysis, and analysed qualitatively. The indigenous mechanisms of conflict resolution were found to be relatively participatory and supplementary to the state justice system. It is recommended that indigenous systems of conflict management be supported and given equal treatment with the modern court system and that exchange marriage be curbed, since it is becoming a trigger for conflict eruption among the Gumuz.

This is how they do it: A conflict management model in Oman

AbstractOman and its conflict management model are the focus of this paper. This model has crystalized out of the three stand‐alone but complementary systems of conflict resolution which evolved in an ad hoc fashion: the institute of tribal leaders; the reconciliation committees; and the formal judicial system. These systems offer a foundation for the current efforts of the local people to sustain a peaceful co‐existence among the vibrant and ethnically diverse Omani communities known for their turbulent past. The analyzed data obtained from interviews with Omani tribal leaders, reconciliation committee members, and lawyers shed light on both the strengths of the conflict management model and the modern challenges which the model faces. The findings confirm that this model represents a coherent entity run by an integrated constitutional‐tribal order. They also suggest that the model serves as a state mechanism for balancing power between the country's major players—the government and the institute of tribal leaders. The novel contribution of this paper lies in linking the origin and philosophy of each system with the “mediation identity” of Oman's foreign policy.

Safety analysis of Civil aviation Flight and UAV Operation based on STAMP/STPA

In order to prevent the occurrence of dangerous approaches or accidents in the low-altitude UAV conflict resolution process, the security problem in the process was transformed into the control problem, and a conflict resolution security analysis method for low altitude UAV based on STAMP/STPA was proposed. Firstly, based on STAMP (System Theoretic Accident Modeling and Processes), the security control structure in the conflict resolution system was constructed. Then STPA (Systems Theoretic Process Analysis) was used to determine system-level accidents and hazards based on the context information of system operation, identify the unsafe control behaviors in the process of conflict resolution, and analyze the key causes of unsafe control behaviors.

Geo-Quantitative Analysis of Violent Crime Intervention Strategies in Kaduna State, Nigeria

The complexities and consequences of violent crimes require a robust and effective approach to achieve a sustainable reduction of violence in our society. This paper, therefore, presents an avenue to provide the geo-quantitative analysis of violent occurrences in Kaduna State of Nigeria to determine the pragmatic interventionist strategies for managing violent crime incidence among the people of the study area. Geo-quantitative analysis entails transforming numerical data about criminal activities into a map of proportional circles to depict the distribution pattern of criminal activities and using scree plots and factor loading to show higher-order intervention measures for managing violent crimes. Five Local Government Areas (LGAs) with relatively high levels of violent incidence were purposively selected while snowball sampling method was used to administer questionnaires to 384 respondents. From the findings, the spatial distribution of violent crimes revealed that Birni-Gwari and Kachia LGAs accounted for the highest incidence of kidnapping and village raids respectively while Kajuru LGA is known for the highest cases of cattle rustling and armed robbery. The critical interventions in managing violent crimes are reconciliation efforts to restore order and normalcy, negotiation between aggrieved parties, and adoption of a traditional conflict resolution system with a rotated factor matrix of 0.828, 0.581, and 0.544 respectively. Furthermore, the strongest positive correlation exists between good government policies and equity with fairness in representation and establishment of developmental projects (r = 0.524, and p ˂ 0.001). Therefore, the study recommended establishing conflict mediation centers across the communities. Similarly, it is essential to have a good governance system that will give people their fair share of national resources and adequate policing of communities that could guarantee the reduction of violent incidents to the barest minimum.

Water Conflicts in Chile: Have We Learned Anything from Colonial Times?

The number of disputes related to water that reach courts in Chile has increased in the last decades, the topics of these disputes have become more complex, and the current conflict resolution system has not been able to adjust to this situation. This study analyzes colonial texts from water-related conflicts that were addressed at the Royal Hearings in Santiago (1691–1800) and from the Cabildo gatherings (1541–1802), using an adaptation of the Institutional Analysis and Development framework. The research shows a strong institutional system surrounding conflict resolution during colonial times, with nested schemes and empowered figures appointed in leading roles. However, a lack of equity and inclusion of all actors is also visible, reducing its legitimacy. At present, the increasing value of water and a sense of distrust in the institutional system have led to longer and more complex conflict resolution processes. Here, learning from past times about the empowerment of the institutional system for solving water disputes could be useful. An increased support towards initial conflict resolution mechanisms, giving space for local knowledge and generating stronger participation in these initial steps, is a lesson for the future.

The role and challenges of indigenous conflict resolution mechanism: The case of aboled in Borena Woreda, northeast Ethiopia

This study investigates Abold's role in resolving conflict by using qualitative and survey data. Thematic analysis was applied for the analysis of qualitative data and descriptive statistics were applied to analyze the survey data. It was found that the kin council, the spirit mediumship, and religious leaders are involved in conflict resolution. The responsibilities of the kin council, the spirit mediumship and religious leaders are undertaking the overall conflict resolution process, truth-finding and swearing of an oath to realize the reconciliation, respectively. Aboled has not only engaged in settling conflicts but also in conflict prevention and restoration of harmony. In the past four decades, its role, however, had been weakened despite being revived in the past five years due to people's trust lost in the formal conflict resolution system. Disregarding by the government, the erosion of the culture of elders' respect, the decline of witchcraft worshiping and the descent of elders' personalities are the significant challenges to the continuation of Aboled. Thus, the government should provide support to improve its conflict-resolving capacity.

What went wrong? Explaining strategic foundations of the crisis in Ukraine

Moscow does not deny the significance of the security interests of small states, but it is important to recognize the security interests of all actors in the system, including the larger ones. The history of the Cold War clearly shows that a stable system of confrontation management and conflict resolution is possible. Russia’s proposals for an inclusive security system in Europe have been ignored multiple times. One reason explaining the reluctance to take Russian proposals into consideration is that, geopolitically, time is structured differently for Russia and for the West. The understanding of the West is linked to national electoral cycles. Whereas for Russia, geopolitical time is measured by epochs that are outlined starting with major historical events: wars, peace treaties and political cataclysms. The conflict in Ukraine turned out to be a point where these contradictions came to concentrate.

Blockchain and IoT-Driven Optimized Consensus Mechanism for Electric Vehicle Scheduling at Charging Stations

The emerging demand for electric vehicles in urban cities leads to the need to install a huge number of charging stations. With this requirement, electric vehicle coordination and scheduling at charging stations in real-time becomes highly tedious. Thus, there is a need for an efficient scheduling mechanism for electric vehicle charging at charging stations. This paper proposes a novel blockchain and Internet of Things-based consensus mechanism called COME for secure and trustable electric vehicle scheduling at charging stations. The proposed mechanism is intending to resolve conflicts at charging stations. The integrated InterPlanetary File System protocol facilitates a cost-efficient mechanism with minimized bandwidth for electric vehicle scheduling. The proposed mechanism ensures that there is no loss for either the electric vehicle or the charging station. We formulate different scenarios for electric vehicle charging and apply different scheduling algorithms, including first-come first-served, longest remaining time first, and coalition game theory. The performance of the proposed COME consensus mechanism is estimated by comparing it with the practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance consensus protocol and traditional systems based on the charging demand, wait time, conflict resolution, scalability, and InterPlanetary File System bandwidth parameters. The performance results show that the proposed COME consensus mechanism ensures that electric vehicles can have their vehicle charged without any conflict and that the charging station can be satisfied in terms of profit. Moreover, the proposed COME consensus mechanism outperforms the both practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance consensus protocol and the traditional system in terms of scalability and conflict resolution along with additional parameters such as wait time, charging demand, and bandwidth analysis.

Geopolitical world map with respect to the Involvement of European Continent in wars and armed conflicts (detailed political and sociological analysis)

The relevance of this study stems from the fact that since the beginning of the 21st century, the European Union has become more actively involved in conflict prevention and peacekeeping in hot spots of the world; this is, in particular, determined by a wide range of instruments and mechanisms of the security system of the EU states, which, however, has its shortcomings and obsolete structural elements. The purpose of this study is to provide a brief analysis on the emergence and dynamics of the most significant armed conflicts and wars of the 21st century; to qualitatively and quantitatively characterise the degree of participation of European states in conflict resolution; to outline the main issues in conflict resolution at the level of the European Union; and to identify ways to improve coordination of actions in the area of maintaining peace and stability in the world with the participation of the European community states. The main scientific method used in writing this paper is the method of political and sociological research, which helped to identify the main hotspots on the geopolitical map of the world in the twenty-first century, to establish and characterise the level of influence and involvement of the European continent in modern military conflicts, and to define the main difficulties faced by European countries in preventing and resolving armed conflicts. The main results obtained from the study are as follows: identification of active centres of conflict and armed confrontation in the world; characterisation of the level of involvement and activities of the European Union in resolving military conflicts; emphasis on the basic problems of European countries in conflict resolution; and proposals for improving the pan-European system of conflict prevention and resolution in the world. The findings and conclusions of the study can be used as a basis for further research on this topic, including in areas that have a common basis with this topic; in the sphere of international relations – as a basis for choosing a scheme for resolving certain armed conflicts in the region; in historical sciences – as part of a course on the history of the outbreak and development of conflicts and wars in Europe and the world in the 21st century; in higher education, in particular, for the specialities of political science, conflict studies, basics of diplomacy, where certain factors, characteristics, signs and events identified in the study serve as a tool for research

The Analytical Framework of Governance in Health Policies in the Face of Health Emergencies: A Systematic Review.

The Governance Analytical Framework (MAG) defines governance as a social fact, endowed with analyzable and interpretable characteristics, through what it calls observable constitutive elements of governance: the problem, the actors, the social norms, the process of decision-making and scope or nodal points; in the sense that each society develops its modes of governance, its decision-making or conflict resolution systems among its members, its norms, and institutions. In this perspective, the purpose of this article was to carry out a systematic review of the scientific literature to understand the role of governance in health policies in health emergencies, such as that caused by the SARS-CoV-2. The systematic review was designed based on the methodology proposed in the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) Declaration. The literature search was carried out in six databases: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, APA-PsycInfo, MEDLINE, eBook Collection (EBSCOhost), PubMED, and MedicLatina, published in the last 5 years. Fifteen articles that met quality and evidence criteria were analyzed. The governance approach alluding to the health emergency problem in health policies was the most addressed by the authors (80%), followed by a description of the actors (40%), the process of decision-making spaces (33%), and ultimately, social norms or rules with 13%. Formulating a coherent set of global health policies within a large-scale global governance framework is mostly absent. Although the countries adopt international approaches, it is a process differentiated by the social, economic, and political contexts between countries, affecting heterogeneous health outcomes over the pandemic.

Mediation and restorative approach in resolving criminal law conflicts

A number of international legal instruments is highly recommended to upgrade the national system of conflict resolution in the sphere of criminal law with the view of the importance of not only traditional prohibitive, punitive and preventive, but, first of all, restorative tasks. Such modernization, which implies a tran-sition from the strategy of “combating crime” to strategies of “reducing the harm from crime”, requires a combination of methods of “punitive” and “restorative justice” in order to most effectively solve the problems of compensation for the harm caused to the victim and restoring his normal life and disturbed public order, as well as correcting and re-socializing the person who committed the crime in order to avoid repetition of criminal activity. But in order for such a transformation of the paradigm of criminal law policy to be organic and natural rather than artificially implanted, it is necessary that certain socio-political and legal factors that determine the formation and development of mediation and other restorative justice programs in the field of criminal law should develop in the Russian reality. For the first time in Russian science, the article, poses and investigates the problem of socio-legal laws of the concept of restorative justice. The conducted research contributes to identifying and formulating a set of laws characterizing the formation and development of the restorative approach; this allows on the basis of identified patterns to assess the current state of its socio-legal prerequisites in Russia.

About Issue 2 of 2022

This issue was undoubtedly the most challenging in my life due to events that I would never have believed could happen in my lifetime or afterward. The heredity of WW2 seemed to me so remarkable and obvious, contemporary human rights values looked so strong and indisputable, that any such open and destructive violations of these rights could hardly be imagined by even the most sceptical people in Europe. Despite many reasonable grounds for this scepticism appearing since 2014, I preferred to believe that these were only politicians’ games and that nobody could ever cross this Rubicon. Yet, during these last months, the whole world has been faced with unprecedented acts against the independent and democratic state in Europe, the ancient nation, and the whole idea of the rule of law. The war in Ukraine has become an event of worldwide relevance: the effects of this war will be borne by future generations of Europeans who are suffering now because of it. Millions of Ukrainians moved to the EU member states and abroad, leaving their homes and property. Many individuals have become victims of war crimes. All this should be the basis for rethinking access to justice as a concept, as well as our system of preventing such a conflict in the future. Even though this war is not the first war in Europe, we must learn lessons from the current events and take the next steps to uphold the rule of law and human rights protection, as was done after WW2. The necessity of an effective conflict resolution system is clear if we are to prevent overcrowded courts and resolve the uncertainties in European society at large.

Correlated-Equilibrium-Based Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Conflict Resolution

Collision avoidance is an essential component of an autonomous robotic system. This paper presents CONCORD, a novel decision-making system for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) conflict resolution that uses the notion of correlated equilibrium. Correlated equilibrium is a solution concept in game theory, which is computationally light and gives a better-expected payoff to every player. This paper proposes an intelligent semi-autonomous conflict resolution system for aerial vehicles. The vehicles are the players, and the resolutions are the equilibrium strategies of the game. CONCORD monitors the vehicles to predict conflicts and compute strategies leading to equilibrium. The cases of cooperative, non-cooperative, and multiple vehicles are discussed, emphasizing decision making and its corresponding timelines. Monte Carlo simulations are also performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. The proposed framework is compared with two other baselines and a Nash-equilibrium-based resolution to highlight its effectiveness. This work also presents the integration of CONCORD to an existing UAV traffic management system. The proposed module would enable conflict-free flight for a multi-UAV system in an efficient manner.

O Sistema Multiportas de Resolução de Conflitos e os Serviços Notariais: Uma Análise Sobre sua Aplicação aos Tabelionatos de Protestos

É incontroverso que o Poder Judiciário vem permitindo e adotando formas alternativas à jurisdição para a composição dos conflitos de interesses. No mesmo pensar, tem sido muito exitosa e profícua a sinergia produzida entre os notários e registradores e o Poder Judiciário, ainda mais com as inovações legislativas produzidas nos últimos anos. Em consonância com a eficiência dos serviços prestados o Conselho Nacional de Justiça tem assumido postura a incrementar os meios e as matérias colocados à disposição para a solução dos conflitos servindo-se dos serviços notariais e registrais. Como tônica do presente texto e fazendo referência ao Provimento do Conselho Nacional de Justiça nº 72, dispondo sobre medidas de incentivo à quitação ou à renegociação de dívidas protestadas nos tabelionatos de protesto do Brasil, o presente trabalho destaca a importância do sistema multiportas para solução dos conflitos. Serve-se do método dedutivo e de revisão bibliográfica e conclui pela eficiência dos serviços prestados pelos registradores e notários no Brasil.

Abegar Indigenous Conflict Resolution System: a Community Based Reconciliation

Abegar Indigenous Conflict Resolution System: a Community Based Reconciliation

Implications of omnibus law for forestland conflict resolution systems (a case study in Sumbawa)

There are many cases of forestland tenure in Indonesia and one of them occurre in a village on the island of Sumbawa. Currently, the Omnibus Law no.11/2020 and its derivative regulation PP no. 23/2021 came up to create a more robust business enabling environment in the forestry sector with one of the targets is to improve the economic conditions of the communities around the forests. In relation to the forestry conflict in Sumbawa, these regulations bring hope for the parties involved in the conflict in the efforts to resolve prolonged tenure conflicts. The purpose of this case study is to examine how the new forestry regulations can provide options for communities and the Forest Management Unit (FMU) in resolving forestry conflicts, assess how conflicting communities perceive the forms of cooperation of their expectation in the future, and provide options for potential partnerships to be initiated. The research methods used are historical study, survey, participant observation, semi-structured interviews with forest managers and communities, and focus group discussion that was all carried out in 2017. The findings show that according to PP. no. 23/2021 and the history of this area, this piece of land is a potential object of the social forestry program. In addition, through this action research, two farmer groups are successfully formed. This makes the legalization of social forestry one-step forward to be a reality. Moreover, all respondents agree to carry out partnership with the FMU. This study recommends that the ideal form of forestry partnership is community forestry considering the location of the conflict land is in a production forest area. The facilitations could be implemented to support; the community are the legalization of community forestry, support for the development of honey from stingless bees that has been being developed by some farmers, cashew based business development, and assistance in implementing agroforestry with a sustainable alley cropping model of wood-cashew-corn plants. Initiatives from local people and facilitation from FMU are required to succeed the implementation of Omnibus Law in the forestry sector.