Any field of human cognition, claiming the status of a science must meet a number of criteria, which include subject and object, its own method and language. To date, the status of theolinguistics as a separate branch of language science is not questioned by any linguist, but the lack of an exhaustive justification of this status makes attempts to do so urgent. The understanding of the subject of theolinguistics, which is based on the existing definitions of this discipline and the tasks it is designed to solve, remains debatable. The tasks of theolinguistic research should be determined taking into account the worldview factor, both the system of views on the world as a whole, and the image of reality, refracted by the position of the individual.
 The paper deals with one of the topical issues of theolinguistics as a science – the justification of its status. The purpose, subject, object, units, and methods of theolinguistics are considered and analysed. The cultural and historical context of the emergence of theolinguistics as a synthetic discipline in modern humanitarian knowledge is elaborated. The tendencies of the return of linguistics to the anthropological program of the study of language, one of which is the tendency of integrating theological knowledge into the worldview and culture, which manifests itself more and more distinctly in the modern world, are noted. The process of philosophical and theological thought returning to the question of the essence of the true relationship between culture and religion is observed. Scientific and religious-mythological type of cognitive activity is compared. The methodological basis of research in theolinguistics is characterized. Theolinguistics is examined through the prism of scientific and religious outlooks. Theolinguistics is presented as a synthetic discipline in its formative stage. The potential tasks of theolinguistics as a science are considered.