Synthesis Of Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles Research Articles

Green synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis: unveiling larvicidal potential, protein binding affinity and photocatalytic activities.

Environmental pollution, being a major concern worldwide, needs a unique and ecofriendly solution. To answer this, researchers are aiming in utilizing plant extracts for the synthesis of nanoparticles. These NPs synthesized using plant extracts provide a potential, environmentally benign technique for biological and photocatalytic applications. Especially, plant leaf extracts have been safe, inexpensive, and eco-friendly materials for the production of nanoparticles in a greener way. In this work, zinc ferrite nanoparticles (ZnFe2O4 NPs) were prepared using Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaf extract by hydrothermal method, and its biological and photocatalytic properties were assessed. The synthesized ZnFe2O4 NPs were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). X-ray diffraction confirmed the arrangement of the fcc crystal structure of the nanoparticles and that some organic substances were encapsulated within the zinc ferrite. According to the SEM analysis, the resulting nanoparticles got agglomerated and spherical in shape. The ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles are in their pure form, and all of their elemental compositions were shown by the energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) spectrum. The FTIR results revealed that the produced nanoparticles contained distinctive functional groups. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to examine the binding affinities between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles in terms of protein binding, stability, and conformation. The interaction between BSA and ZnFe2O4 NPs was examined using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements, and it was evident that static quenching occurred. The ability of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles to kill Culex quinquefasciatus (C. quinquefasciatus) larvae was evaluated. The synthesized NPs demonstrated a noteworthy toxic effect against the fourth instar larvae of C. quinquefasciatus with LC50 values of 43.529µg/mL and LC90 values of 276.867µg/mL. This study revealed the toxicity of green synthesized ZnFe2O4 NPs on mosquito larvae, proving that these NPs are good and effective larvicides. Furthermore, the ZnFe2O4 NPs were utilized for dye degradation of methylene blue under visible light treatment and achieved 99.5% degradation.

Synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles and evaluation of their antifungal properties at different temperatures

Zinc ferrite nanoparticles have been synthesized by the co-precipitation method where Polyethylene Glycol act as the capping agent. The sample structure and morphology of the product were analysed by powder XRD, FTIR, U-V visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The prepared NPs were annealed at varying temperatures such as 500℃, 600℃ and 700℃. The XRD data confirms the presence of nanosized ZnFeO particles and the X-ray density of the sample and their particle size increases linearly along with the increase in annealing temperature, but the lattice parameter changes inversely. The FTIR data also provide information about nanosized zinc ferrite particles. The surface characteristics of ZnFeO were observed by FESEM. The anti-fungal properties of zinc ferrite nanoparticles were also evaluated.

Co-precipitation of zinc ferrite nanoparticles in the presence and absence of polyvinyl alcohol with other constant parameters and the analysis of polyvinyl alcohol mediated zinc ferrite nanoparticles

In the present study, a less explored morphology controlling synthesis technique – coprecipitation was used in the synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles. Zinc ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized in the presence and absence polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) mediation by maintaining the other parameters constant. The crystallite size, determined by X-ray diffraction technique was greater for PVA mediated zinc ferrite (67 nm) compared to the zinc ferrite synthesized in the absence of PVA (52 nm). The morphology of the samples was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy technique. The use of PVA as surfactant resulted in reduced agglomeration, refined morphology, smaller particle size and hence high surface to volume ratio of the zinc ferrite nanoparticles. The PVA mediated zinc ferrite was further characterized. The optical, magnetic, photocatalytic and antibacterial properties of the sample were determined. The sample had a narrow optical bandgap energy of 1.98 eV. It exhibited ferrimagnetic behaviour suggesting the formation of mixed spinel structured zinc ferrite with zinc and oxygen vacancies. Photocatalytic efficiency of the sample was determined by degrading methylene blue in the presence of sunlight and halogen lamp. The antibacterial activity of the sample was studied against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

Nano-surface Functionality of Zinc Ferrite: Ascorbic Acid Nanofluid Application in Enhanced Oil Recovery

Background: The compromising effect of reservoir’s compositions on the acceleration of oil towards the production center during recovery efforts in both primary and secondary applications prelude the application of nanofluid in the oil industry. Objective:: This study explores the efficacy of Ascorbic acid on the surface of Zinc Ferrite nanoparticles in interfacial tension (IFT) and wettability modification. Method: The use of co-precipitation method for the synthesis of Zinc Ferrite nanoparticles (ZNP) was successful at varying temperatures. Consequently, ascorbic acid NPs were coated on ZNP and their brine based nanofluid was prepared. Results: The effects of calcination temperature on the morphology, structure and the crystallinity size were investigated. In concentration influence determination, wettability alteration (W.A) was the most affected mobility factor at 0.15M. However, at 0.25M higher concentration, the IFT, W.A and nanofluid’s stability were relatively improved significantly. Conclusions: This research enhances our understanding of the ascorbic acid effect on ZNP and the fascinating impact of their combined usage as an enhanced oil recovery agents. Ascorbic acid improved the efficiency of the coated ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles on IFT and contact angle.

Characteristics of zinc ferrite nanoparticles (ZnFe 2O4) from natural iron ore

Synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles (ZnFe2O4) of iron ore taken in Tanah Laut has been done. The Synthesis uses the coprecipitation method. ZnFe 2O4 nanoparticles were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Using XRD, it was found that ZnFe 2O4 has an average crystal size of 8.80 nm. ZnFe2O4 is superparamagnetic because it has a narrow loop area of about 10 kOe.emu/g. Using FTIR, the Zn-O and Fe-O groups were obtained at wave numbers 556.58 and 598.87 cm - 1. The absorption spectrum is in the range of UV light (200 nm) to visible light (600 nm) and at wavelength of 288 nm is observed absorption.

Cost-effective and green approach for the synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles using Aegle Marmelos extract as a fuel: catalytic, electrochemical, and microbial applications

Today, due to industrialization and urbanization, the world is facing serious water shortage and environmental alarms. The reusability of polluted water could be a promising approach for the sustainable wastewater management strategy. In the view, the present work compiles the synthesis of zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) nanoparticles by a simple, economic, and eco-friendly route. The investigation of structural properties, thermal properties, and optical properties was carried out successfully by standard characterization techniques. The X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the spinel-cubic lattice with Fd-3m space group for all the samples. The presence of vibrational frequency modes of Zn–O and Fe–O was ensured by FTIR spectra. The nano-size, morphology, atomic percentage, and some agglomeration of the nanoparticles were revealed by SEM–EDX and TEM images. The bandgap values were calculated from UV–Visible analysis data, and found to be 2.36 eV. The distribution of pore size by BJH method and BET surface area was evaluated by Nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, and is found to be 19.74 m2/g. The thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis affirmed percentage of weight loss and phase formation. The photocatalytic activity of methylene blue was evaluated under visible light and the removal efficiency of 96% and nano-catalyst shows active reusability. The cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used for the study of electrochemical properties of nanoparticles. Further, the antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles was investigated using Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and some selected fungi strains. The obtained results revealed that the newly synthesized ZnFe2O4 can act as potential photocatalyst, electrochemical sensor, and antimicrobial agent.

Green synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles for photocatalysis of methylene blue

In this study, zinc ferrite nanoparticles (ZF-NPs) were synthesized using aqueous seed extract of Piper nigrum as a bio-reducing and stabilizing agent. FTIR, SEM, FE-SEM, XRD, and TGA have been used for characterizing ZF-NPs. The results showed that Piper nigrum stabilized ZF-NPs have high purity and size range of 60–80 nm. The performance of the ZF-NPs has been investigated by photocatalytic reduction of methylene blue (MB) in the presence of sunlight. The factors responsible for affecting the degradation values of the reaction were also explored for developing a better understanding of the phenomenon.

Jatropha extract mediated synthesis of ZnFe2O4 nanopowder: Excellent performance as an electrochemical sensor, UV photocatalyst and an antibacterial activity

This research work reports green assisted combustion synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles (ZnFe2O4 NPs) using Jatropha extract and their electrochemical sensor with antibacterial activities were studied. The 98% dye degradation was achieved for photocatalytic decomposition of Malachite Green (MG) dye using prepared ZnFe2O4 NPs under UV irradiation. Electrochemical analysis was conducted in 0.1 M KCl with modified Graphite-ZnFe2O4 electrode showed charge-discharge battery type mechanism and showed excellent performance in electrochemical sensor activity for Mifepristone and Misoprostol. Also antibacterial activity of ZnFe2O4 NPs was discussed against E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria at different concentrations by agar gel diffusion method.

Green synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles in Limonia acidissima juice: Characterization and their application as photocatalytic and antibacterial activities

The zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) nanoparticles were prepared by a green method using Limonia acidissima (wood apple) juice. The synthesized ZnFe2O4 samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM with EDAX, TEM, UV-DRS and luminescence. X-ray diffraction confirms the formation of the cubic spinel crystal structure of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles with an average crystallite size of 20 nm. The prepared nanoparticles showed the agglomerated and spherical shaped particles from the SEM and TEM. The EDAX confirms the pure phase with all the elemental compositions present in the ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles. FTIR confirmed the characteristic functional groups present in the spinel ferrite. The VSM study shows the high saturation magnetization of prepared nanoparticles. The ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles showed effective photodegradation for Evans blue and Methylene blue under visible light irradiation. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of the prepared nanoparticles was carried out by agar well diffusion method against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains.

Protein adsorption capability of zinc ferrite nanoparticles formed by a low-temperature solution-based process

We report successful synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles (ZFs) by a facile low-temperature (90 °C) solution-based process from ferric nitrate nonahydrate and zinc nitrate hexahydrate precursors in presence of hydrazine hydrate. X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of ZFs, which were further characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric measurements for identification of characteristic chemical bond vibrations and thermal weight loss behavior, respectively. Measurements of magnetic properties at room temperature revealed that the sample showed quite high saturation magnetization (22.0 emu/g at ~19,200 G), implying the presence of less impurities/surface defects in the ZFs. The material also showed zero coercivity as a soft-magnetic material. The protein adsorption performance of the ZFs was checked using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as model protein. Excellent protein adsorption capacity of 210 mg/g (close to the value of 218.81 mg/g calculated using the Langmuir model) for BSA concentration of 0.3 mg/mL was obtained at optimized solution pH of 5. This simple process could be adopted for synthesis of different magnetic nanomaterials for use in biomedical applications.

Facile and reliable route for synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles and its application in photo-degradation of methyl orange

In this work, we have successfully prepared zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) nanoparticles through a facile and reliable route by of zinc (II) nitrate, iron (III) nitrate, and lactose as starting materials in water as solvent. Besides, three carbohydrate such as glucose, lactose and starch were introduce as capping agents and their effects on the morphology and particle size of ZnFe2O4 were investigated. It was found that size and morphology could be easily realized by changing the type of carbohydrate. XRD, SEM, EDS, and UV–Vis spectroscopy were employed to characterize structural, morphological, and optical properties of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles. The magnetic properties of as-prepared zinc ferrite nanoparticles were also investigated with vibrating sample magnetometer. Furthermore, the photocatalysis results reveal that the decolorization of 65 % for methyl orange occurred with ZnFe2O4 samples in 70 min under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation.

Synthesis of Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles by Mechanochemical Method

Synthesis of Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles by Mechanochemical Method

Functionalization of zinc ferrite nanoparticles: Influence of modification procedure on colloidal stability

The present work describes the synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles by a chemical coprecipitation method and its surface modification with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA), tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The effect of coating on the colloidal stability of obtained systems as well as the effect of modification procedure on the final characteristics of particles were studied. The unmodified and modified nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The particle size distribution and stability of these systems were investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential measurements. The results have shown the profound effect of the used modification procedure on colloidal stability of the investigated particles.

亜鉛フェライトナノ粒子のメカノケミカル合成反応の速度論的解析

亜鉛フェライトナノ粒子のメカノケミカル合成反応の速度論的解析

Propylene oxide assisted sol–gel synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles for solar fuel production

This paper reports the synthesis of phase-pure Zn-ferrite nanoparticles with high specific surface area (SSA) via the propylene oxide (PO) assisted sol–gel method. For the synthesis of Zn-ferrite, metal precursors (ZnCl2 and FeCl2·4H2O) were first dissolved in ethanol, and then PO was added dropwise for the gel formation. The effects of a variety of synthesis parameters, such as the concentration of PO, the gel aging time, the calcination temperature, and the calcination dwell time, on the phase/chemical composition, SSA, porosity, crystallite size, and morphology of the Zn-ferrite were studied in detail. Different analytical techniques, such as powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), BET surface area analyzer (BET), electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), were used for analyzing the Zn-ferrite samples. The acquired results indicate that the phase/chemical composition of the Zn-ferrite remains unchanged, irrespective of the variation in the experimental conditions. BET analysis further confirms that the SSA of Zn-ferrite increased due to the increase in the concentration of PO and decreased with the upsurge in the calcination temperature and dwell time. The crystallite size of Zn-ferrite was also observed to be higher when the calcination temperature and dwell time were increased. SEM and HR-TEM assessment verify the formation of Zn-ferrite nanoparticles via the sol–gel method employed during the study.

Palladium supported on zinc ferrite: A highly active, magnetically separable catalyst for ligand free Suzuki and Heck coupling

Abstract An efficient superparamagnetic solid catalyst has been synthesized by loading Pd(0) species during synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles by ultrasound assisted co-precipitation in the absence of surface stabilizer or capping agent. Various techniques were employed to characterize the as-synthesized Pd–ZnFe 2 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles. The catalyst showed excellent performance for Suzuki and Heck coupling reactions under ligand free condition. The catalyst being super paramagnetic was separated by using an external magnet and reused for five cycles without any appreciable loss in the activity.

One-step synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles by ultrasonic wave-assisted ball milling technology

Abstract Well-crystallized zinc ferrite nanoparticles with mean size of 20 nm were synthesized at low temperature (≤100 °C) by ultrasound wave-assisted aqueous solution ball-milling technique without subsequent calcination. ZnCO3·2Zn (OH)2·H2O were used as the raw material and iron milling balls with diameter of 1.0–1.5 mm were used. As a comparison, aqueous solution ball milling without ultrasonic wave assistance was also investigated. The results showed that, this technique is simple, environmentally friendly and energy-saving for nanocrystal synthesis.

Chain length dependence of polyol synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles: why is diethylene glycol so different?

Superparamagnetic ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles with size range of 28-38 nm were synthesized by polyol process based on use of varying chain length glycols as solvent. We have offered, for the first time, the plausible mechanism behind in situ formation of zinc ferric oxalate hydroxide hydrate [Fe2Zn(C2O4)2(OH)3](+)·4H2O complex from diethylene and polyethylene glycol. We are also reporting, the magnetic properties of above complexes. We have found a ferromagnetic ordering in precursor complex compounds. The intermediate hydrocarbon chain between the oxalato bridged metal cations plays a crucial role in obtaining anomalous magnetic behavior. ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles obtained after annealing the DEGylated precursor complex (precursor complex formed in diethylene glycol) showed the highest superparamagnetic (SPM) behavior (22.4 emu g(-1)) among others. The reasons for anomalous SPM behavior of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles are explained on the basis of the degree of inversion of the spinel structure, high surface-to-volume ratio, which causes non-collinear spin arrangement in a surface layer and higher oxygen concentration on the surface of dead organic layer, which increases the unpaired valence electrons leading to uncompensated surface spins.

The influence of the chelating/combustion agents on the structure and magnetic properties of zinc ferrite

Abstract The present study is reporting the influence of the chelating/combustion agents on the magnetic properties of Zn ferrite. Six chelating/combustion agents, citric acid, egg white, tartaric acid, glycine, glucose and urea, were used to obtain monophase zinc nanoferrite via a sol-gel auto-combustion method. The samples were subjected to a comparative study of structural features and magnetic properties by means of infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. Significant influence of fuel and combustion mode was observed in the magnetic behavior of as-obtained samples. Values of the structural parameters were discovered to vary as a function of fuel choice, and to obtain crystallite size between 38 and 62 nm, inversion degree between 0.239 and 0.807, lattice parameter between 8.4125 and 8.4432 Å. The optimization of sol-gel method synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles by chosing the appropriate fuel is providing structural and magnetic properties of zinc nanoferrite as potential materials to be used in biomedical applications.

Facile synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles as non-lanthanide T1 MRI contrast agents

Monodisperse ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using a simple and low-cost polyol process based on thermal decomposition of the precursors of Fe(acac)3 and Zn(acac)2 in triethylene glycol without any surfactant. The as-prepared ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles are highly crystalline, uniform in size, superparamagnetic and can be easily dispersed in aqueous media due to being coated by a layer of hydrophilic polyol ligands in situ. Magnetic study shown that the ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles had a low magnetic anisotropy and low magnetic moment compared to the conventional Fe3O4 nanoparticles. As a result, the as-prepared ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles provide an optimized r2/r1 ratio for T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the clinical field strength. A preliminary in vitro cytotoxicity test suggests that the zinc ferrite nanoparticles possess a good safety profile. Therefore, the as-prepared ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles have great potential to serve as a novel non-lanthanide T1 MRI contrast agent.