Synthesis Of DFF Research Articles

A sustainable one-pot synthesis of 2,5-diformylfuran from carbohydrates using tetracationic ionic liquid

A plausible solution to the current energy crisis is the development of cost-effective and inherently secure methods for accelerating the sustainable production of value-added compounds from biomass. In this study, we have developed a highly efficient catalytic system for the conversion of fructose into 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) using tetracationic ionic liquids with dual Brønsted acid sites and four bromide ion sites. The presence of Brønsted acid sites promotes the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), while the bromide anions react to form a DFF, which undergoes further transformation via the Kornblum mechanism. Under optimized conditions, a remarkable DFF yield of 99.6 % was attained in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 140 °C for 6 h. Moreover, the catalyst exhibited excellent stability and reusability, indicating its potential for industrial application in the synthesis of DFF from fructose. With the help of this effort, Br- anion may be able to throw some light on the oxidation of HMF to DFF. Overall, this study highlights the promising application of tetracationic ionic liquid catalyst systems, showcasing the potential for the efficient utilization of renewable biomass resources and the synthesis of high-value-added compounds.

Oxygen-incorporated 3D flower-like MoS2 microsphere as a bifunctional catalyst for effective synthesis of 2,5-diformyfuran from fructose

An oxygen-incorporated 3D flower-like MoS2 microsphere was prepared by a simple hydrothermal procedure and served as a highly active catalyst in the synthesis of DFF from fructose.

Synthesis of value-added furan compounds from biomass derived glucose via cascade catalysis using functionalized V2O5 catalysts

• Both organic and inorganic surface functionalization of V 2 O 5 NPs and their characterization have been studied. • Surface of V2O5 NPs modified with trimesic acid has led to the formation vanadium fibers are highly active in the synthesis of DFF. • Functionalized vanadia has been utilized in the one pot conversion of glucose to DFF in good yields via cascade catalysis. • The nitro alcohol product (1,1’-(furan-2,5-diyl)bis(2-nitroethan-1-ol) was synthesized directly from biomass derived glucose. In this paper we report the highly active, versatile and stable catalyst has been prepared through surface functionalization of vanadium oxide nanoparticles (V 2 O 5 NPs) using various organic modifiers. The surface modified catalyst forms fiber type of structure has been evaluated in the cascade catalysis of glucose to 2,5-diformyl furan (DFF) in water. Further, nitro alcohol product (1,1’-(furan-2,5-diyl)bis(2-nitroethan-1-ol) was synthesized by adding nitromethane and potassium carbonate to DFF formed ( in situ) from biomass. This is a new representative of work using heterogeneous catalysis utilizing surface modified NPs. High thermal stability, high crystallinity with a band gap (5.03 eV) and fibrous nature makes the surface modified catalyst attractive to recycle in DFF synthesis from glucose. In addition, orthorhombic V 2 O 5 NPs have been deposited on high surface area carbon (Vulcan XC72R) were prepared, characterized and studied in catalysis of biomass conversion.

Sustainable Catalytic Synthesis of 2,5-Diformylfuran from Various Carbohydrates

Versatile homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts that convert carbohydrates to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) are essential for the development of sustainable processes for producing high-value chemicals from biomass-derived carbohydrates. An efficient catalytic system consisting of Br−, disulfide, and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) promoted the sustainable and selective synthesis of DFF in modest-to-good yields from various carbohydrates, such as fructose, glucose, mannose, galactose, and sucrose. Heterogeneous catalysts containing Br− also facilitated this reaction with recyclable high yields.

Bi (NO3)3·5H2O and cellulose mediated Cu-NPs — A highly efficient and novel catalytic system for aerobic oxidation of alcohols to carbonyls and synthesis of DFF from HMF

A highly efficient and versatile catalytic system for oxidation of primary and secondary aromatic alcohols to carbonyls has been developed. High efficiency, general synthetic applicability, broader functional group tolerance and versatility towards oxidation of both primary and secondary aromatic alcohols are the key features of this green and sustainable protocol. Selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) to biofuel 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) has been observed in excellent yields. Use of sustainable bio-polymer cellulose as a Cu-nanoparticle support makes the catalytic system environmentally benign.

Iron oxide encapsulated by ruthenium hydroxyapatite as heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 2,5-diformylfuran.

Magnetic γ-Fe2 O3 nanocrystallites encapsulated by hydroxyapatite (HAP), HAP@γ-Fe2 O3 , were prepared followed by cation exchange of Ca(2+) on the external HAP surface with Ru(3+) to give the γ-Fe2 O3 @HAP-Ru catalyst. The structure of the as-prepared catalyst was characterized, and its catalytic activity was studied in the aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). γ-Fe2 O3 @HAP-Ru showed a high catalytic activity for the aerobic oxidation of HMF into 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF). A high DFF yield of 89.1 % with an HMF conversion of 100% was obtained after 4 h at 90 °C. Importantly, the synthesis of DFF from fructose was realized by two consecutive steps. The dehydration of fructose in the presence of a magnetic acid catalyst (Fe3 O4 @SiO2-SO3 H) produced HMF in a yield of 90.1%. Then the Fe3 O4 @SiO2 SO3 H catalyst was removed from the reaction solution with a permanent magnet, and HMF in the resulting solution was further oxidized to DFF with a yield of 79.1% based on fructose. The synthesis of DFF from fructose by two steps avoids the tedious separation of the intermediate HMF, which saves time and energy.