Synthesis Of Copper Nanoparticles Research Articles

The Influence of Biologically Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles on the Biofilm Produced by Staphylococcus haemolyticus 1solated from Seminal Fluid

     Staphylococcus haemolyticus is one of the most frequently isolated coagulase-negative staphylococci. The ability to form biofilm is considered as one of the most important virulence factors of coagulase negative staphylococci. There is only limited knowledge of the nature of S. haemolyticus biofilms. This study was aimed at evaluating the ability of S. haemolyticus strains to produce biofilm in the presence of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs). The biological synthesis of nanoparticles is an environmentally friendly approach for large-scale production of nanoparticles. Copper oxide nanoparticles were produced in the current study from the S. haemolyticus viable cell filtrate. UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and zeta potential (ZP) analysis were used to analyze the newly synthesized CuONPs. Our findings revealed that at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), CuONPs showed remarkable inhibition on the biofilms produced by multidrug resistant (MDR) S. haemolyticus isolates.

Effect of water-methanol binary solvent system in green synthesis of copper nanoparticles with tobacco leaf extract

The increasing demand for environmentally friendly nanoparticle synthesis, as a viable strategy for pollution control, has prompted an exploration of green chemistry methods. This study meticulously investigates the synthesis of copper nanoparticles utilizing tobacco leaf extract obtained through both cold and hot extraction techniques. The primary focus lies in scrutinizing the impact of various solvents employed for plant extracts and metal ion solutions on reduction dynamics and particle size. The study employs UV-Vis and phytochemical analyses to discern differences in chemical composition and efficacy, particularly between the water and methanol-water systems, despite their resemblance in UV-Vis spectra. Intriguingly, the results unveil that the choice of solvent significantly influences the particle size distribution and stability of colloidal nanoparticles. The methanol-water system, in particular, yields smaller, more uniform particles compared to other solvent systems. This research sheds light on the pivotal role of solvent selection in nanoparticle synthesis, emphasizing its profound impact on both the reduction process and the resulting particle size distribution. The findings underscore the nuanced relationship between solvent choice and the characteristics of the synthesized nanoparticles, providing valuable insights for optimizing environmentally friendly synthesis methods. Ultimately, this study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on green chemistry approaches for nanoparticle synthesis with implications for pollution control and sustainable materials production.

Effects of Salts and Other Contaminants on Ciprofloxacin Removal Efficiency of Green Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles.

Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic, is commonly used in aquaculture to prevent and treat bacterial infections in aquatic animals. For this reason, aquatic environments contain CIP and its derivatives, which lead to the development of drug-resistant bacteria. In the present study, copper nanoparticles were prepared using Garcinia mangostana extract (GME-CuNPs) as a reducing agent and evaluated for their CIP removal efficiency (CRE). The results demonstrate that within 20 min, GME-CuNPs at 25 mM possess a CRE of 92.02 ± 0.09% from CIP-containing aqueous media with pH 6-7. The CRE is influenced by both monovalent and divalent salts. A high salt concentration significantly reduces the CRE. Contaminants in fish wastewater can reduce the CRE, but phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and ammonia do not affect the CRE. Our results reveal that the CRE is controlled by electrostatic attraction between the negatively charged GME-CuNPs and the cationic species of CIP. The CRE is reduced by wastewater with a pH higher than 8.0, in which the CIP molecules have a negative charge, resulting in a repulsive force due to the negative charge of GME-CuNPs. In fish wastewater with a pH lower than 7.0, GME-CuNPs show the potential to achieve a CRE above 80%. Therefore, pH adjustment to a range of 6-7 in fish wastewater before treatment is deemed imperative. It is concluded that the newly developed GME-CuNPs possess excellent activity in CIP elimination from actual fish wastewater samples. Our findings suggest that GME-CuNPs can be a promising tool to effectively eliminate antibiotics from the environment.

A sustainable approach to prepare green synthesis of copper nanoparticles of Bauhinia variegata & Saussurea lappa: Unveiling in-vitro anti-obesity applications

Nanoparticles have different shapes and sizes between the range of 1–100 nm, which show advantages for stabilizing compounds, higher carrier capacity, and lower costs. Metal nanoparticles such as copper, gold, silver, and zinc are favorable components for various applications due to their interesting properties. In the present study, nanoparticles were synthesized by reduction with flower extracts of Bauhinia variegate &Saussurea lappa that were used to stabilize the copper nanoparticles. Furthermore, the characterization of plants synthesized copper nanoparticles was carried out through UV–visible dynamic light scattering. Additionally, morphological characterization of nanoparticles was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the elemental composition of copper nanoparticles. Powder X-ray diffraction was conducted for the analysis of crystallinity, purity, and crystal size of plant-synthesized copper nanoparticles. The average particle size was evaluated and exhibited the particle size at the peak of 8.721 nm and 98.03 nm for flower extracts of Bauhinia variegate &Saussurea lappa copper nanoparticles. The Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum was taken to scrutinize the various functional groups that were responsible for the reduction of the copper ions. The antimicrobial results against the bacterial strains with the positive test results of the zone of inhibition were for Bauhinia variegate (17 mm, 18 mm, 19 mm, and 18 mm) and Saussurea lappa (17 mm, 19 mm, 18 mm, and 18 mm) respectively for plants synthesized copper nanoparticles against the Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Lipase inhibition assay and Amylase inhibition assay with different concentrations (20 μg/mL to 100 μg/mL) for Bauhinia variegate &Saussurea lappa (12.34 %–59.67 % and 10.50 %–47.01 %) and (34.52 %–89.02 % and 22.34 %–56.45 %) confirmed the anti-obesity and anti-diabetic activities of plants extract synthesized copper nanoparticles.

Green Synthesis of Copper and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles From Brown Algae Turbinaria Species' Aqueous Extract and Its Antibacterial Properties.

Background Copper and copper oxide nanoparticlessynthesized by green methods have attracted considerable attention due to their environmentally friendly properties and potential applications. Green synthesis involves non-hazardous and sustainable techniques used in the production of a wide range of substances, including nanoparticles, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals. These methods often use different organisms, including bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants, each offering different advantages in terms of simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability. The environmentally friendly nature of these green synthesis methods responds to the growing need for sustainable nanotechnologies. Brown algae have gained popularity due to their distinct morphological characteristics and diverse biochemical composition. This research focuses on the process of synthesizing copper and copper oxide nanoparticlesfrom the brown algae Turbinaria. It emphasizes the natural ability of the bioactive compounds contained in the algae extract to reduce and stabilize the nanoparticles. The green synthesis of copper and copper oxide nanoparticlesfrom brown algae has demonstrated a wide range of applications, including antibacterial activity. Materials and methods Fresh Turbinaria algae were collected from marine environments to ensure that they were free of contaminants. The algae underwent a purification process to remove impurities and were dried. An aqueous extract was prepared by pulverizing the dried algae and mixing them with distilled water. A copper salt solution utilizing copper nitrate was prepared. The algae extract was mixed with the copper salt solution. There are bioactive compounds in the algae extract that help reduce copper ions, which makes copper and copper oxide nanoparticles come together. The reaction mixture was incubated in a controlled environment to facilitate the growth and enhance the stability of the nanoparticles. To separate the nanoparticles from the reaction mixture, centrifugation was employed, or filtration was done with Whatman filter paper (Merck, Burlington, MA). The nanoparticles were dried to yield a stable powder. Results Copper and copper oxide nanoparticles derived from brown algae extract showed antibacterial effects against Streptococcus mutans,Klebsiella sp.,andStaphylococcus mutans. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis verified the irregular shape and elemental content of the synthesized copper and copper oxide nanoparticles. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that the synthesized nanoparticles exhibited a crystallinity nature and were composed of a mixture of copper and copper oxide species, namely face-centered cubic and monoclinic structures. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed copper and copper oxide nanoparticles that were evenly distributed and had a rectangular shape. They exhibited substantial antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Conclusions This study enhances the field of green synthesis techniques by showcasing the adaptability of Turbinaria brown algae to synthesize copper and copper oxide nanoparticles. It underscores the potential advantages of these nanoparticles in terms of their antibacterial properties.

Environmentally friendly synthesis and characterization of copper nanoparticles using amino acids as capping agents: enhanced corrosion resistance and morphological control

Environmentally friendly synthesis and characterization of copper nanoparticles using amino acids as capping agents: enhanced corrosion resistance and morphological control

Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles by using pineapple peel waste: in vitro characterizations and antibacterial potential.

A considerable amount of fruit waste is being produced every day worldwide. The green synthesis of metal nanoparticles from fruit peel waste can be an innovative, cost-effective, and eco-friendly alternative to traditional methods. Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were synthesized by a green method using the pineapple peels extract (PLX) and copper sulfate pentahydrate. The formation of CuNPs was visually identified and detected by UV-Visible spectroscopy. The CuNPs were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The antioxidant and reducing power of CuNPs were conducted by %DPPH scavenging and electron transfer-based ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, respectively. The antibacterial properties of CuNPs were determined in gram-positive, and gram-negative bacteria. The results showed that the CuNPs were spherical in shape with mean particle size 290.5nm. The zeta potential of the nanoparticles was found to be -12.3mV indicating the instability in the colloidal state. The FTIR study confirmed the peaks of phytochemicals present in the PLX and the nanoparticles supporting the use of pineapple peels as stabilizing, reducing and capping agents. Both the DPPH and reducing power assay depicted that the synthesized CuNPs had significant antioxidant activity. However, the synthesized CuNPs had strong inhibitory capacity against both gram-positive and gram-negative test organisms. Thus, the CuNPS could be used for its viable antibacterial potential to preserve fruits, flowers, and vegetables from bacterial contamination.

Antimicrobial Activity of Green Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles (CuNPs) Using Aqueous Extract of <i>Psidium guajava</i> on Clinical Bacteria Isolates

The eco-friendly synthesis of nanoparticles using an aqueous plant extract as a capping and stabilizing agent has garnered substantial attention, particularly in pharmaceuticals and drug delivery applications. This study focused on utilizing copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) as a precursor to synthesize copper nanoparticles at both pH 4-5 and pH 8, with Psidium guajava (leaves and fruits) extract playing a crucial role. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy identified four major functional groups at distinct peaks, confirming their responsibility for capping and stabilizing the synthesized P.g-CuNPs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed spherical shapes with an average particle size range of 20-30 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis confirmed the presence of pure copper (Cu) at 54.15%. The antimicrobial study demonstrated that P.g-CuNPs synthesized at pH 4-5 exhibited complete growth inhibition of all tested bacterial strains at varying concentrations. Furthermore, serially diluted P.g-CuNPs (pH 5) inhibited Salmonella spp, E. coli, and Streptococcus spp at 100 μg/mL, while P.g-CuNPs (pH 8) only inhibited E. coli at the same concentration. Notably, acid-based synthesized P.g-CuNPs exhibited higher efficacy in the antimicrobial study compared to their alkaline-based counterparts. This study suggests the potential biomedical applications of P.g-CuNPs, including therapeutic drugs for microbial infectious diseases, integration into textile coatings, and nanocapsulation for food storage to extend shelf life.

Retracted: Biologically Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles Show Considerable Degradation of Reactive Red 81 Dye: An Eco-Friendly Sustainable Approach.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/7537955.].

Biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles using Alstonia scholaris leaves and its antimicrobial studies

The utilization of plants for the production of metallic nanoparticles is gaining significant attention in research. In this study, we conducted phytochemical screening of Alstonia scholaris (A. scholaris) leaves extracts using various solvents, including chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol, and water. Our findings revealed higher proportions of flavonoids and alkaloids in both solvents compared to other phytochemical species. In the methanol, extract proteins, anthraquinone and reducing sugar were not detected. On the other hand, the aqueous extract demonstrated the presence of amino acids, reducing sugar, phenolic compounds, anthraquinone, and saponins. Notably, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts displayed the highest levels of bioactive compounds among all solvents. Intrigued by these results, we proceeded to investigate the antibacterial properties of the leaf extracts against two major bacterial strains, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). All extracts exhibited significant zones of inhibition against both bacterial isolates, with S. aureus showing higher susceptibility compared to E. coli. Notably, the methanol extract displayed the most potent I hibitory effect against all organisms. Inspired by the bioactivity of the methanol extract, we employed it as a plant-based material for the green synthesis of copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs). The synthesized Cu-NPs were characterized using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV–visible spectroscopic analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The observed color changes confirmed the successful formation of Cu-NPs, while the FTIR analysis matched previously reported peaks, further verifying the synthesis. The SEM micrographs indicated the irregular shapes of the surface particles. From the result obtained by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis, Cu has the highest relative abundance of 67.41 wt%. Confirming the purity of the Cu-NPs colloid. These findings contribute to the growing field of eco-friendly nanotechnology and emphasize the significance of plant-mediated approaches in nanomaterial synthesis and biomedical applications.

Effect of electrode material, electrolyte composition, and surfactant on electrochemical synthesis of copper nanoparticles

Effect of electrode material, electrolyte composition, and surfactant on electrochemical synthesis of copper nanoparticles

Application of Argon Plasma Technology for the Synthesis of Anti-Infective Copper Nanoparticles.

The synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) was accomplished by using a rapid, green, and versatile argon plasma reduction method that involves solvent extraction. With this method, a plasma-solid state interaction forms and CuNPs can be synthesized from copper(II) sulfate using a low-pressure, low-temperature argon plasma. Characterization studies of the CuNPs revealed that when a metal precursor is treated under optimal experimental conditions of 80 W of argon plasma for 300 s, brown CuNPs are synthesized. However, when those same brown CuNPs are placed in Milli-Q water for a period of 10 days, oxidation occurs and green CuNPs are formed. Confirmation of the chemical identity of the CuNPs was performed by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results reveal that the brown CuNPs are predominantly Cu0 or what we refer to as CuNPs, while the green CuNPs are a mixture of Cu0 and Cu(OH)2 NPs. Upon further characterization of both brown and green CuNPs with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the results depict brown CuNPs with a rod-like shape and approximate dimensions of 40 nm × 160 nm, while the green CuNPs were smaller in size, with dimensions of 40-80 nm, and more of a round shape. When testing the antibacterial activity of both brown and green CuNPs, our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of both CuNPs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria at a concentration of 17 μg/mL. The inactivation of S. aureus and E. coli 7-day-old biofilms required CuNP concentrations of 99 μg/mL. SEM images of treated 7-day-old S. aureus and E. coli biofilms depict cell membranes that are completely damaged, suggesting a physical killing mechanism. In addition, when the same concentration of CuNPs used to inactivate biofilms were tested with human fibroblasts, both brown and green CuNPs were found to be biocompatible.

جسيمات النحاس النانوية المركبة في مصفوفة البوليمر الحيوي وتطبيقاتها في النشاط المضاد للبكتيريا

النحاس هو بديل أرخص من العديد من المعادن النبيلة مع مجموعة من التطبيقات المحتملة في مجال علم النانو وتكنولوجيا النانو. ومع ذلك ، فإن جسيمات النحاس النانوية لها قيود كبيرة ، والتي تشمل الأكسدة السريعة عند التعرض للهواء. لذلك ، تم تطوير مسارات بديلة لتجميع الجسيمات النانوية المعدنية في وجود البوليمرات والمواد الخافضة للتوتر السطحي كمثبتات ، ولتشكيل الطلاءات على سطح الجسيمات النانوية. هذه المواد الخافضة للتوتر السطحي والروابط البوليمرية مصنوعة من بتروكيماويات غير متجددة. نظرًا لمحدودية الموارد الأحفورية ، فإن إيجاد بديل متجدد وقابل للتحلل البيولوجي يعد أمرًا واعدًا ، حيث هدفت الدراسة إلى إعداد وتوصيف وتقييم الخصائص المضادة للبكتيريا لجسيمات النحاس النانوية. تم تحضير جسيمات النحاس النانوية باستخدام البوليمر الحيوي الجيلاتيني ، أيونات CuSO4.5H2O والهيدرازين كمثبت ، ملح سلائف وعامل اختزال على التوالي. ومع ذلك ، تم استخدام محلول فيتامين C و NaOH أيضًا كمضاد للأكسدة وضبط درجة الحموضة. تم تمييز جسيمات النحاس النانوية المركبة باستخدام التحليل الطيفي المرئي للأشعة فوق البنفسجية (UV-vis) ، التحليل الحراري الوزني (TGA) ، مسحوق قياسات زيتا المحتملة ، حيود الأشعة السينية (XRD) ، المجهر الإلكتروني لمسح الانبعاث الميداني والمجهر الإلكتروني النافذ (TEM). يؤكد طيف الامتصاص المرئي للأشعة فوق البنفسجية تكوين CuNPs ، والتي أظهرت أقصى امتصاص عند 583 نانومتر. أشارت النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها من TEM إلى انخفاض في حجم الجسيمات من التركيز المنخفض إلى التركيز العالي للمواد الداعمة. وجد أن التركيز الأمثل للجيلاتين هو 0.75٪ بالوزن. المواد الداعمة المستخدمة في هذا التركيب متوافقة حيوياً والمنتجات التي تم الحصول عليها مستقرة في الهواء. تُظهر CuNPs المُصنَّعة أنشطة واعدة مضادة للجراثيم ضد B. subtilis (B29) و S. aureus (S276) و S. choleraesuis (ATCC 10708) و E. coli (E266) كبكتيريا موجبة وسالبة الجرام على التوالي.

Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Nanoparticles Using Plant Extract of Mentha piperita Leaves, Anethum graveolens L., and Calotropis procera

Background: Synthesis of copper nanoparticles needs to be carried out with the use of environmentally safer alternatives. Plant-mediated nano-fabrication is a new area of nanotechnology that is favoured over traditional methods due to its effectiveness with respect to safety, affordability, environmental friendliness, and biocompatibility. Synthesis of copper nanoparticles using natural sources is the demand of this era. Methods: In the present study, the synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) was carried out us-ing three different plant extracts, i.e., Mentha piperita, Anethum graveolens L., and Calotropis procera. This synthesis was carried out in different conditions and the visual colour change in the solution confirmed the presence of copper nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were also character-ized with UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Conclusion: In comparison to the synthetic route, the current work represents a cost-effective and sustainable way for the synthesis of nanoparticles.

Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles using a high-pressure wet-type jet mill

Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles using a high-pressure wet-type jet mill

Biogenic Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles from flower extract and their Cell Cytotoxic Potential

In order to overcome the negative potential risks of conventional nanoparticles and achieve the goal of human therapeutic uses, sustainable nanoparticles must be synthesized. In this paper, we have created a simple method for producing copper nanoparticles using green chemistry. With the use of Cassia auriculata's floral aqueous extract, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were effectively produced. In a UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, sythesized CuNPs detect absorbance at 276 nm, a hallmark of copper nanoparticles. The relevant functional groups involved in lowering and stabilizing CuNPs were found using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. CuNPs shape, crystalline phase, and elemental composition were seen using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive analysis spectroscopy, and other techniques. Moreover, CuNPs' antibacterial and antifungal properties produced good inhibitory action against the pathogens that were put to the test. Furthermore, at low doses, CuNPs had no effect on the cytotoxicity of the cell lines MDCK and Caco-2. CuNPs may thus be turned into nano-drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases and tumour research.

Biogenic Synthesis and Characterisation of Flueggea leucopyrus Willd Leaf Mediated Copper Nanoparticles for Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Activities

IntroductionThe chemical synthesis of metal Nanoparticles could be changed into green synthesis if solvents, stabilising agents, and reducing agents are environmentally friendly. Our aims were to synthesise and characterise bioconjugated copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and evaluate their antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. MethodsThis study was made to synthesise CuNPs using Flueggea leucopyrus Willd leaf extract. The produced CuNPs were characterised using UV-visible, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), TEM, EDX, and Zeta-potential analytical methods. The antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties of CuNPs were screened through disc diffusion methods, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical quenching, and alpha-amylase inhibition assay, respectively. ResultsThe CuNPs are poly-dispersed, spherical, crystalline, and stable with an average particle size of 20 nm. These nanoparticles show antibacterial activity and exhibit the same inhibition zone against S aureus and P aruginosa (13 mm), a strong zone for E faecalis, and no inhibition zone for E coli bacteria. The CuNPs demonstrated dose-dependent sequencing and inhibition activities with an IC50 value of 100.06 ppm and 435.68 ppm, respectively. ConclusionsThis study shows that these poly-disperse CuNPs could act as a bacterial resistance agent, antioxidant, and antidiabetic drug. It concluded that CuNPs made from medicinal plant leaf extract have good inhibitory potential against alpha-amylase, one of the main pharmacological targets for treating type 2 diabetes.

Spectroscopic Study of Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles by Chemical Reduction Method

Well-dispersed and uniform-size preparation of Copper nanoparticles and its X-ray diffraction studies are reported in this paper. A simple and cheapest chemical reduction method with copper sulfate pentahydrate as a main precursor is used for the synthesis of Copper nanoparticles. A wide range of experimental conditions has been adopted in this process and its X-Ray diffraction characterizations have been studied. UV-visible spectroscopic analysis showed the maximum absorption at 295 nm.  Transmission electron microscopy reveals the spherical morphology of the synthesized particles.  The results confirm copper nanopowder with an average particle size in the range of 30-60 nm.  

A New Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles and Its Application as a Beta-Hematin Inhibitor

To prevent the development of drug resistance and unwanted side effects, nanomaterials have been studied for their potential to inhibit beta-hematin, an important protein for the survival of malaria parasites. The use of nanomaterials as a medication against parasites and mosquito vectors has recently shown promising drug therapeutic strategies. One of the newest areas of interest in nanotechnology and nanoscience is the environmentally friendly production of nanoparticles. Green synthesis to produce metal nanoparticles is the most important strategy to overcome the possible dangers of toxic chemicals for a safe and harmless environment. For this study, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were synthesized using Iraqi basil leaf extract, demonstrating its novelty in nanosciences. The formation of CuNPs can be seen visually as a color shift from green to brownish. UV-vis absorption spectra, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. The surface plasmon resonance property (SPR) of CuNPs is revealed by UV-vis analysis, which shows a distinctive absorption peak at 420–430 nm, whereas SEM reveals the spherical shape of CuNPs with sizes ranging from 30 to 50 nm.

Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles using Foeniculum Vulgare Seed Extract and Evaluation of their Biological Activities

Abstract: Copper nanoparticles are gaining popularity due to their multifarious properties and use in medicine, industry, and research. An extract of Foeniculum vulgare seed is used to green synthesize copper nanoparticles. The produced NPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, X-ray Diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The absorption spectra at 570nm indicated the reduction of copper metal and the effective production of CuNPs. Its absorbance peak at 3345.3cm-1 and 1638.2cm-1 shows the existence of the N-H group and C=C stretching, as well as secondary amines (-NH-). CuNPs with a size range of 84-140nm were found to be spherical in SEM at 50kX magnification. XRD micrograph revealed a face-centered cubic structure with 19.97nm crystalline size. CuNPs showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Salmonella enterica ATCC14028, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, with ZOI ranging from 22 to 39mm. The results of the DPPH assay showed that CuNPs exhibit promising antioxidant properties, with an IC50 of 14.372 µg/ml. CuNPs had IC50 values of 4.341µg/ml for alpha-amylase and 3.37µg/ml for alpha-glucosidase, respectively. The IC50 of CuNPs from fennel seed extract was 4.1µg/ml, showing that CuNPs have anti-hyperlipidemic potential and can be utilized to treat hyperglycemia. This study found that green-synthesized CuNPs have numerous therapeutic applications in the medical and biotechnological domains.