ABSTRACTMgO-CeO2 nanocomposite was prepared by a co-precipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FE-SEM, and particle size distribution analysis. The XRD pattern shows the cubic phase of cerium oxide as the dominate phase. FE-SEM images show the homogeneity distribution of magnesium and cerium oxides in the sample. The mean particle size of nanocomposite determined by the dynamic light scattering technique is 66 nm. The catalytic activity of MgO-CeO2 nanocomposite was examined on the synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes and thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives. In all cases, products were obtained in good to excellent yields.