Synergy Effect Research Articles

Sustainable and Self-Sufficient Fresh Water Through MED Desalination Powered by a CPV-T Solar Hybrid Collector: A Numerical and Experimental Study

The effects of global warming are severely recognizable and, according to the OECD, 47% of the world’s population will soon live in regions with insufficient drinking water. Already, many countries depend on desalination for fresh water supply, but such facilities are often powered by fossil fuels. This paper presents an energy self-sufficient desalination system that runs entirely on solar power. Sunlight is harvested using parabolic trough collectors with an effective aperture area of 1.5 m × 0.98 m and a theoretical concentration ratio of 150 suns, in which a concentrator photovoltaic thermal (CPV-T) hybrid-absorber converts the radiation to electricity and heat. This co-generated energy runs a multi-effect distillation (MED) plant, whereby the waste heat of multi-junction concentrator solar cells is used in the desalination process. This concept also takes advantage of synergy effects of optical elements (i.e., mirrors), resulting in a cost reduction of solar co-generation compared to the state of the art, while at the same time increasing the overall efficiency to ~75% (consisting of an electrical efficiency of 26.8% with a concurrent thermal efficiency of 48.8%). Key components such as the parabolic trough hybrid absorber were built and characterized by real-world tests. Finally, results of system simulations, including fresh water output depending on different weather conditions, degree of autonomy, required energy storage for off-grid operation etc. are presented. Simulation results revealed that it is possible to desalinate around 2,000,000 L of seawater per year with a 260 m2 plant and 75 m3 of thermal storage.

Covalent triazine frameworks as particle electrode for three-dimensional photoelectrocatalytic degradation of oxytetracycline: Synergy effects, pathway, and mechanism.

Photoelectrocatalysis has been widely employed for degrading antibiotics due to its high efficiency. However, the application is significantly impeded by the rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and the limited surface areas of photoelectrodes. In the study, high crystallinity covalent triazine frameworks were fabricated at low temperature of 150°C and firstly used as particle photoelectrode in the three-dimensional photoelectrochemical reactor to degrade oxytetracycline (OTC). SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, and FT-IR confirmed the successful synthesis of high crystallinity covalent triazine frameworks. Compared to CTF-120 (71.2%) and CTF-180 (46.9%), CTF-150 exhibited excellent OTC removal. Electrochemical impedance, UV-vis absorption spectra, and Mott-Schottky tests showed that CTF-150 demonstrated more wide light absorption range of 501nm and narrow bandgap of 2.52eV, and smaller Rct value under illumination, in comparing to CTF-120 and CTF-180. When the initial concentration of OTC was 50mgL-1, the 86.2% of OTC removal and 62.7% of mineralization were obtained under light irradiation (λ>420nm), current of 10mA, pH of 6.4, electrolyte of 0.1M Na2SO4. The synergy effect between photocatalytic and electrocatalytic processes of CTF-150 not only enhanced by 38.5% current efficiency but also reduced energy consumption to 1.90 kWh m-3. CTF-150 had a wide range of acid-base application and displayed resistance on coexisting ions. Electron spin resonance detection, quenching experiments, and probe experiments illustrated that h+, •O2-, 1O2, and •OH contributed to the degradation of OTC and the generation pathways of •O2-, 1O2, and •OH were verified. Moreover, •O2-, 1O2, and h+ were the main reactive species responsible for OTC removal, while 1O2 was for OTC mineralization. Based on high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detection, OTC with benzene ring was decomposed to opening ring products. The acute toxicity, developmental toxicity, bioaccumulation factor and mutagenicity of OTC and its intermediates using T.E.S.T. showed the toxicity of 82.35% degradation products decreased.

Smart Visegrad - How modern and dynamic are the local governments of the V4 regions

The megatrend of building Smart Cities in the context of sustainable development of local governments is highly topical. The movement and intensity of Smart City solutions are proportional to the need to eliminate serious global and regional problems. The most pressing of these relates to socio-economic impact. Therefore, the most attractive areas of interest include infrastructure, environment, management, and governance. The geopolitical context and the vision of a sophisticated, efficient, high-quality, and beneficial municipality leads to the production of economic, social, and environmental benefits also in postcommunist European countries. The effects of synergies of high technology and reflection on the virtuous behaviour of people and society are prerequisites for the desired socioeconomic development and sustainability of countries. Promoting the paradigm of multisubject and multi-sectoral involvement of actors contributes to the performance of regions and enterprises at the same time. The primary impetus for writing the article was the ambition to identify the significant attributes of the Smart City concept and to assess the propensity of V4 countries to address this issue. Within the framework of the study, the analytical methods used were the investigation of the current state of the art, the search of available relevant literature and case studies, the summarisation of results on the basis of induction, deduction, mathematical-statistical calculations and other methods allowing us to draw correct conclusions. The most significant of these conclusions is that there are no significant differences in the propensity of Visegrad Four (V4) countries to be smart. On the contrary, the interest in improving and developing the country, the unit, and the society can be considered a global phenomenon.

High-efficiency photocatalyst C@TiO2 with the synergy effect of carbon doping and phase transformation

High-efficiency photocatalyst C@TiO2 with the synergy effect of carbon doping and phase transformation

226 Synergy effect of 4D-hyaluronic acid and neoPGA acid in skin care products

226 Synergy effect of 4D-hyaluronic acid and neoPGA acid in skin care products

Dual-metal synergy unlocking ROS-free catalysis for rapid aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural at room temperature

Clean catalytic oxidation has a broad prospect in the modern chemical engineering and energy chemistry fields. However, unexpected over-oxidation and disruptive degradation are frequently induced by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, we reported a new ROS-free approach to effectively drive O2 to be activated into highly reactive surface peroxo species through enzyme-mimicking mechanism. Benefiting from the dual-metal synergy effect between Cu and Co active sites, ROS (H2O2 and OH•) is generated in situ while further scavenged completely into surface peroxo species, which gives rise to very high selectivity and extremely high carbon balance. For example, the CuCo/N-C catalyst affords >99.8% conversion and 94.5% selectivity to 2,5-furanedicarboxylic acid at 25 °C for 6 h in the aerobic oxidation of biomass platform 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Moreover, it achieved exceptional performance in the oxidation of a variety of hydroxyl compounds to organic acids with high yields (89.9%–99.5%) at a mild temperature (25–40 °C). This exploration introduces an innovative clue for emulating enzyme catalysts, thereby enriching our comprehension and advancement of biologically inspired catalytic oxidations.

Investigation on co-gasification performances of sewage sludge and polyolefins by thermogravimetric analyze and two-stage fixed bed reactor

Co-gasification of biomass with hydrogen-rich feedstock is a promising method to improve H2 yield. Thus, in this work, co-gasification performances and corresponding promotion/inhibition effects of sewage sludge (SS) and three types of polyolefins (PE, PP and PS) were investigated in the thermogravimetric analyze and two-stage fixed bed reactor. Thermogravimetric experiments results indicated that with the addition of polyolefins, the initial temperature of blends progressively elevated, while its terminal temperature declined, suggesting that adding polyolefins facilitated the decomposition of samples. The thermal degradation of blends was distinguished into two stages, and in the first stage, a negative interaction was found at 25 % polyolefins mass ratio, but a positive interaction was occurred at 50 % and 75 % polyolefins mass ratios. Meanwhile, in the second stage, a negative interaction was obtained for blending with PE, whereas an opposite result was observed for blending with PP or PS. Therefore, temperature, feedstock and mixing ratio interacted on synergy effects between SS and polyolefins. Besides, two-stage fixed bed experiments results suggested that a higher gasification temperature was beneficial for the production of syngas, particularly the H2 yield, and blending with polyolefins into SS enhanced the H2 content, with PE performing best. The synergy interactions between SS and polyolefins accelerated the concentrations of H2 and CH4, while declining the CnHm yield, demonstrating a stronger re-cleavage of macromolecules. Furthermore, the low heat value of syngas and carbon conversion efficiency for all the samples separately elevated and reduced with rising gasification temperature and polyolefins mass ratios. At 800 °C, the highest gasification efficiency of samples could be achieved with the addition of 50 % PP or PS. This study provides a basis for the application of SS and polyolefins co-gasification.

Confinement and synergy effect of bimetallic Cu-Ni clusters encapsulated in Beta zeolite for methyl acetate formation from methanol alone

The direct synthesis of methyl acetate (MA) from methanol is an appealing and green approach, but an efficient catalyst is urgently needed. Herein, Cu-Ni bimetallic clusters, with a diameter of ∼1.2 nm, have been successfully encapsulated within BEA zeolite by an in-situ two-step encapsulation method (Cu-Ni@Beta), which significantly favors the dispersion of metals compared to the ion-exchanging (Cu/Ni@Beta) and wet impregnation approach (Cu-Ni/Beta). The as-synthesized Cu-Ni@Beta catalyst shows a MA formation rate of 1.46 mmol s−1 g(Cu+Ni)−1, which is much higher than Cu/Ni@Beta of 0.02 mmol s−1 g(Cu+Ni)−1 and Cu-Ni/Beta of 0.12 mmol s−1 g(Cu+Ni)−1. Characterization studies reveal that zeolite constraints could not only provide the spatial confinement for metal clusters but also induce an electronic interaction between confined Cu and Ni species in Cu-Ni@Beta. This interaction can increase and stabilize Cu+ sites as well as Lewis acid sites, which are crucial for improving catalytic performance. In-situ FTIR experiments indicate that the formation of formaldehyde (CH2O*) is the critical step for methanol to MA, and the CH2O* further couples with methoxy (CH3O*) to form acetate species (CH3CHO*), which subsequently couples with CH3O* to produce MA.

The design, experimental and numerical study on a novel double-skin glass ventilation wall with PV blind integrated with thermal catalytic materials for synergistic energy generation and air purification

The application of photovoltaic (PV) technology on double-skin glass ventilation wall can increase its functionality and solar utilization efficiency. However, PV modules don't make multi-effect use of heat while generating electricity. Considering that the combination of thermal catalytic (TC) and PV blinds can solve this problem and achieve synergy effect, a novel double-skin glass ventilation wall with PV blind integrated with thermal catalytic materials (PV&TC-blind DSF) that realized power generation, heating and air purification was proposed. In this paper, the PV&TC blinds were designed. Then electrical, thermal and purification performances were comprehensively investigated by experimental and numerical methods. The main results are: (1) The optimal average electrical efficiency, thermal efficiency and formaldehyde single-through conversion were 9.80 %, 56.98 % and 30.89 %, respectively. (2) The established model well fitted experimental data with the maximum RSMD of 7.2 %. (3) The blind angle affected significantly on the thermal and purification performance of the wall, but had relatively small impact on the electrical performance. (4) When the system operated at optimal turning angles, the total reduced heating/cooling loads by the system were 440.6 MJ/m2 and 395.1 MJ/m2, respectively. The annual electricity generation and generated clean air volume were 264542.8 kWh/m2 and 23947.1 m3/m2, respectively.

Synergy effect of Ag nanoparticles and deep eutectic solvents in the CO2 capture process: A computational approach

The worsening of global warming has caused several problems for the planet, especially due to the high CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. Then, it is necessary to find new ways or improve the ways already used to capture the CO2 gas. This work reported through Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations, the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) to improve the CO2 capture in the ethaline (1ChCl:2E), reline (1ChCl:2U), and glyceline (1ChCl:2G) solvents. Furthermore, the effect of water addition also was simulated in the 2.5 and 5 % concentrations. The MD simulations indicated that the AgNP presence in the three solvents occasioned increased hydrogen bonds (HB) between the CO2 gas and species acting as hydrogen bond donors (HBD), resulting in a reduction of interaction potential values for this group, resulting in improvement of CO2 process capture, especially for the AgNP-reline-CO2 system. Furthermore, the structural analysis from MD simulations suggested that ethylene glycol and urea are the key species in the CO2 capture process for the AgNP-ethaline-CO2 and AgNP-reline-CO2 systems, respectively. For the AgNP-glyceline-CO2 system, the structural analysis indicates that the AgNP is the key species in the CO2 process capture. Analyzing the increase in the water effect, it was observed that the CO2 capture process worsened, especially with the highest water concentration.

Numerical study of the synergetic current drive by lower hybrid waves and loop voltage

Abstract Thanks to the tail of fast electrons generated by the lower hybrid (LH) waves, the plasma conductivity changes significantly with respect to the ohmic heating status (Fisch 1985 Phys. Fluids 28 245). In this paper, the synergy effects of lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) in the presence of a DC electric field (namely, the loop voltage V loop ≠ 0) on the EAST tokamak are studied numerically using the ray tracing and Fokker–Planck tools of C3PO/LUKE. In addition to the normal case of a positive loop voltage with an asymmetric power spectrum (namely, co-current LHCD), the synergy effects of negative loop voltage with an asymmetric power spectrum (namely, counter LHCD), and positive/negative loop voltage with a symmetric power spectrum are also investigated, which are previously rarely reported. It is found that the total plasma conductivity can be increased by a factor of 1.68–2.18 (depending on the value of V loop) when a 1.1 MW LH power at 2.45 GHz with a symmetric power spectrum is injected. Furthermore, unlike the asymmetric power spectrum, the direction of the sum of the pure LH current (I lh0) and the synergetic current (I ad) resulting from the variation in plasma conductivity is always in line with the ohmic current (I oh) for a symmetric power spectrum, which is favorable for AC tokamak operation. These simulated results are helpful for LHCD applications, especially in current ramp-up and AC operation.

Is digital technology innovation a panacea for carbon reduction?

This paper analyses the impact of digital technological innovation on the carbon emission intensity of enterprises and conducts an empirical test based on the data of listed enterprises in China from 2009 to 2021. The study finds that (1) digital technological innovation can significantly reduce carbon emission intensity. (2) Enterprises’ digital attention and investment can significantly increase their operating income but not reduce carbon emissions. Digital technology patents can significantly reduce carbon emissions in the short term. In the long run, even new digital technologies will have a carbon rebound effect once they are deployed on a large scale. Therefore, digital technology innovation is still challenging in the long run to realize the synergy effect of “increasing production and reducing carbon.” (3) Mechanism tests show that digital technology innovation can reduce carbon intensity by improving operational efficiency, promoting cleaner production, and improving human capital. (4) If the government pays moderate attention to digital development, digital technological innovation by enterprises can significantly reduce carbon intensity. Meanwhile, this effect is more significant in regions with higher levels of intellectual property protection. Digital technology innovation can significantly reduce carbon intensity for mature, high-tech, and technology-intensive enterprises.

Study on the synergistic evolution of environment and industry-a case study of provinces along the yellow river basin

The ecological protection and high-quality development of the provinces along the Yellow River Basin have become a major national strategy in China. However, the synergistic development of the environment and industry within the basin still faces numerous challenges. Research studies on the synergistic evolution of industry with the environment are important to guide future development of the provinces. This paper combines panel data from eight provinces in the Yellow River Basin from 2011 to 2020, utilizes the Entropy Weight TOPSIS method to evaluate the growth index of subsystems, and then employs the L-V model to measure the interaction force and synergistic degree of the environmental and industrial subsystems in the provinces along the Yellow River Basin. Finally, it simulates the synergistic evolution paths of each province under different scenarios. The study shows that: 1. From 2011 to 2020, the synergy effects in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River Basin exhibited an upward trend, while the synergy effects in the lower reaches demonstrated a downward trend. In the upper reaches, the shift was from mild non-synergy to mild synergy, in the middle reaches from mild non-synergy to strong synergy, and in the lower reaches from strong synergy to strong non-synergy. 2. The development model in the upper and middle reaches transitioned from a weakly beneficial relationship between industry and the environment to a mutually beneficial symbiotic model. In contrast, the lower reaches shifted from a mutually beneficial symbiotic model to a state of weak industrial benefits and strong environmental harm, ultimately reaching a state where both industry and the environment mutually harmed each other. 3. According to the forecast of industrial and environmental synergy for the next 30 years, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, and Shanxi provinces would benefit the most from adopting a mutually beneficial symbiotic model. However, as the development of a symbiotic model requires more external support and incurs higher costs, it is essential for each province to select its development model based on its own economic conditions. Based on this, this paper provides a theoretical basis for the development of the environment and industry in the provinces along the Yellow River Basin.

Seeking for better performance: a synergy effect of algorithmic and leader management transparency on employee knowledge seeking behaviour and performance in China

ABSTRACT Existing research has revealed the mixed effects of algorithmic management transparency. By differentiating the source of transparency, we aim to understand when and how algorithmic management transparency translates into gig workers’ performance. Drawing upon the proactive motivation model, we propose that the effects of algorithmic management transparency hinge on leader management transparency to influence gig workers’ motivational states, which promote their knowledge seeking and performance. Based on multi – source and time – lagged data from 219 gig workers in China, the model was supported. We highlight the synergistic effect of algorithmic and leader management transparency on facilitating gig workers’ proactivity to improve performance.

Advantages of regional development—A study on poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas

AbstractThe 2011–2020 period is the final stage of poverty alleviation in China, which emphasizes regional development. Using county‐level panel data from 2006 to 2015, we explore the impact of regional poverty alleviation policy on economic growth of contiguous destitute areas (CDAs) in China. The results show that since 2012, economy in CDAs has developed rapidly, that GDP per capita has significantly improved by 5.4% and that county GDP has significantly improved by 6.6%. The regional strategy enhances construction of infrastructure and ecological projects, and gives full play to exert synergy effect, which doubles economic growth. The impact of economic growth is heterogeneous in different regional scales, regional inequities, geographic locations, and population sizes, and lasting even if counties are lifted out of poverty. Our findings recommend regional collaboration and highlight the importance of ecological protection in poverty alleviation.

Dependency of mechanical properties in Ti-7Mo-3Al-3Cr-3Nb alloy on the β phase stability: Regulating primary α phase

In this study, the modification of the β-phase stability of Ti-7Mo-3Al-3Cr-3Nb alloy has been achieved by heat treatment at different temperatures. The synergy effects of primary α-phase and β-phase stability on the deformation behavior and mechanical properties were systematically studied based on these samples, combining the electron backscattering diffraction and transmission electron microscopy techniques. The content of the primary α-phase and stability of the β-phase increase when the heat treatment temperature is lowered from 860°C to 770°C, which increases the yield strength of the alloys. When the content of primary α-phase is less than 9%, high strength and ultra-high work-hardening rates can be simultaneously achieved, with maximum work-hardening reaching 12.75GPa and the ultimate tensile strengths reaching 846MPa. Stress-induced α′′ martensitic (SIM α′′) transformation is observed in all experimental samples during tensile deformation, and the trigger stress of martensitic transformation decreases with the decrease of β-phase stability. When the stability of the β-phase decreases, the quantity of SIM α′′ increases, while martensitic variants and twinned martensite increase to coordinate local strains. Meanwhile, as the strain increases, the martensite laths grow into martensite domains, which trigger martensite twins during deformation, and the interaction of the primary α-phase and β-phase deformation products will achieve different work-hardening rates. This study provides a possible strategy for the design and modification of new high-strength and 、work-hardening rate titanium alloys.

Synergy Effects of HPV E6-E7 Encoding mRNA and Nucleic Acid Immunostimulators Improve Therapeutic Potential in TC-1 Graft Tumor.

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women globally and the most prevalent cancer in developing countries, which was caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have opened up new avenues for vaccine development and pandemic preparedness with potent scalability, which may possess the potential antitumor effects of an mRNA-HPV therapeutic vaccine containing nononcogenic E6 and E7 proteins. Here, we reported a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) plus nucleic acid immunostimulators (CPG 1018 and Poly I:C) mRNA vaccine platform. The LNP-CPG 1018 capsulated HPV E6-E7 mRNA significantly promoted the maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) in vitro and were capable of efficiently migrating to lymph nodes (LN) in vivo. In TC-1 tumor-bearing mice, the subcutaneous immunization of LNP-CPG 1018 capsulated HPV E6-E7 mRNA elicited robust tumor-specific T-cell immunity, reshaped the tumor microenvironment, and inhibited tumor growth. In conclusion, the LNP-CPG 1018 system is a promising delivery platform for facilitating the development of HPV E6-E7 mRNA cancer vaccines.

The relationship between audit committees, external auditors, and internal control systems: a literature review and a research agenda

Purpose This paper aims to focus on the relationship between audit committees, external auditors and internal control systems (ICS) and strives to point out mutual influences between the instances to provide an integrated perspective for firms’ multilateral monitoring mechanisms. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the incorporation of sustainability and fraud considerations into the traditional roles of audit committees and auditors. Design/methodology/approach This structured literature review is based on 71 empirical-quantitative studies published in high-quality journals between 2005 and 2022. Considering the classification of ICS into ICS quality and internal audit function, the studies are analyzed with regard to audit committees’ and external auditors’ characteristics, divided into incentives and competencies, as well as their mutual relationships. Findings This study highlights a dynamic trilateral network of relationships between monitoring authorities and primarily shows that audit committees equipped with adequate competencies generate a substitutive effect for external auditors by reducing their efforts, whereas ICS quality serves as a possible mediator in this network of relationships. The establishment of an integrative three-party coalition of competent and adequately incentivized monitoring parties is essential to guarantee sufficient and appropriate ICS and overall corporate governance quality. Practical implications The findings should prompt legislators and firms to ensure a deeper collaboration between audit committees, internal auditors and external auditors to generate synergy effects and economies of scale within the integrative monitoring process. Legislators should develop stricter requirements for competencies of audit committees and auditors. These should include a holistic triad of sustainability, fraud and digital expertise as well as mandatory forensic procedures performed by all monitoring bodies. Originality/value The authors contribute to prior research by highlighting the importance of an integrative three-party coalition of monitoring authorities to ensure corporate governance quality and to generate synergy effects within a dynamic multilateral monitoring process. Furthermore, the authors offer cutting-edge implications by stressing the need for consideration of sustainability and fraud aspects in the traditional work and profiles of audit committees and auditors.

Effects of moisture regulation and heat treatment synergy on structural properties and digestibility of jackfruit seed starch

To investigate the impact of moisture regulation and heat treatment synergy on the structural properties and digestibility of jackfruit seed starch (JSS), starch samples underwent heat-moisture treatment (HMT) and annealing treatment (ANN) with varying moisture content (10–30 % for HMT at 120 °C, and 50–90 % for ANN at 40 °C). The physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility of modified-JSS were systematically investigated. Results showed that the birefringence intensity of HMT-JSS decreased at high moisture levels but remained unchanged for HMT-JSS and ANN-JSS at low moisture levels. As moisture content increased for HMT and ANN, the amylose content and relative crystallinity increased and then slightly decreased. The gelatinization temperatures increased while enthalpy and viscosity declined. At high moisture content, the infrared absorbance ratio of 1047 cm−1/1022 cm−1 decreased on HMT but increased on ANN. Resistant starch (RS) contents of both HMT-JSS and ANN-JSS were increased at appropriate moisture levels (10–15 % for HMT, 50–80 % for ANN), but decreased with excessive moisture. Besides, these changes were more pronounced on HMT than ANN. Correlation analysis showed that the RS was significantly affected by the short-range ordered structure during HMT and ANN. These results revealed that hydrothermal treatment efficiently modified the structure properties and digestibility of JSS.

Cobalt/iron bimetallic oxide coated with graphitized nitrogen-doped carbon (Fe2O3-CoO@NC) derived from cobalt/iron solid complex as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activator for efficient bensulfuron-methyl degradation

Cobalt/iron bimetallic oxide coated with graphitized nitrogen-doped carbon (Fe2O3-CoO@NC) was synthesized by convenient solid phase coordination combined with calcination method to activate PMS for the degradation of BSM. A series of Co/Fe bimetallic oxides with different metal ratios were designed and prepared to select the most efficient catalyst and Fe2O3-CoO@NC(Co:Fe = 1:1) demonstrated the highest catalytic activity and the lowest ions leaching. The reasons for high catalytic activity of Fe2O3-CoO@NC(Co:Fe = 1:1) were evaluated by a range of characterization techniques and the results showed it stemmed from higher mental content and larger current density. Complete (100%) degradation of 10 g L−1 BSM was achieved within 10 min under the conditions of 0.05 g L−1 catalyst and 0.3 mmol/L PMS dosage at 25 °C. Moreover, Fe2O3-CoO@NC(Co:Fe = 1:1) showed more excellent catalytic activity and lower ions leaching than Fe2O3, CoO and Fe2O3-CoO, indicating superior bimetallic synergy and carbon encapsulation effect. Furtherly, radical experiments and XPS analysis revealed the main active species and catalytic mechanism of the Fe2O3-CoO@NC/PMS system, respectively. Finally, the degradation pathway of BSM by Fe2O3-CoO@NC/PMS system was deduced by LC-TOF-MS. This paper is aimed to provide a new insight into the convenient preparation method for the construction of catalysts which could reach efficient removal of complex organic pollutants.