Synergistic Effect Of Fluorination Research Articles

Synergistic Effect of Fluorination and Molecular Orientational Order on the Dielectric Properties of Low-κ Liquid Crystal Polymer Films

Synergistic Effect of Fluorination and Molecular Orientational Order on the Dielectric Properties of Low-κ Liquid Crystal Polymer Films

Stabilizing Buried Interface via Synergistic Effect of Fluorine and Sulfonyl Functional Groups Toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

HighlightsAn effective buried interface stabilization strategy based on synergistic effect of fluorine and sulfonyl functional groups is proposed.The correlations between molecular structures, defect passivation, interfacial energy band alignment, perovskite crystallization and device performance are established.The device with KFSI achieves an impressive efficiency of 24.17%.

Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of alkylthiothiophene modified benzodithiophene polymer

Here, we report a facile molecular engineering approach with alkylthio and fluorine atom modified the conjugated side chain of quinoxaline-based polymer, namely DTFFQx-TS, which afforded lower highest occupied molecular orbital energy level and enhanced interchain interactions. The conventional devices based on DTFFQx-TS:ITIC exhibited the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.26% with a remarkably high open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.99 V. This work not only provides a newly efficient candidate of quinoxaline acceptor block modified with fluorinated conjugated side chain, but also achieves high Voc copolymers for polymer solar cells via the synergistic effect of fluorination and side chain engineering strategies.

The synergistic effect of fluorination and embedded SnO2 on the NO gas sensing of expanded graphite

To achieve high-performance nitric oxide (NO) gas sensing, expanded graphite (EG) was modified with SnO2 and fluorine functional groups. SnO2 was introduced into EG with an aqueous solution of SnCl2, whereas the fluorine functional groups were introduced via fluorine gas. The properties of the samples were analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and NO gas sensing. A SnO2 phase from the SnCl2 solution formed on and uniformly coated the EG surface. The number of fluorine functional groups increased with increasing fluorination temperature. The EG/SnO2 fluorinated at 400 ℃ exhibited the highest NO gas sensitivity (5.2%). The SnO2 induced the adsorption of NO gas, and the fluorine functional groups transferred electrons from the EG surface to the NO gas adsorbed onto SnO2. Therefore, the high NO gas sensitivity is attributed to the synergistic effect of the introduced SnO2 and fluorine functional groups.

High‐Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells Over 13.9% With a High VOC Beyond 1.0 V by Synergistic Effect of Fluorine and Sulfur

A novel phenyl substituted benzo(1,2‐b:4,5‐b’)dithiophene (BDT) derivative containing both fluorine and sulfur atoms is designed and synthesized. Furthermore, a wide bandgap polymer PBTA‐PSF based on the derivative shows a low highest occupied molecular orbital energy level and slightly reduces the donor materials’ optical bandgap, which has a complementary absorption with a narrow‐bandgap n‐type small molecule ITIC. As a result, a power conversion efficiency of 13.91% is achieved with a high open‐circuit voltage of 1.01 V, and a large short‐circuit current density of 18.51 mA cm−2. The result demonstrates that PBTA‐PSF is a promising candidate for high‐performance donor and phenyl‐containing BDT derivatives and has potential in the design of high‐performance polymers for organic photovoltaics.

Hexavalent chromium removal over magnetic carbon nanoadsorbents: synergistic effect of fluorine and nitrogen co-doping

F and N co-doped magnetic nanocarbons as adsorbents for environmental remediation have been demonstrated for the first time with high efficiency.

Balancing High Open Circuit Voltage over 1.0 V and High Short Circuit Current in Benzodithiophene‐Based Polymer Solar Cells with Low Energy Loss: A Synergistic Effect of Fluorination and Alkylthiolation

AbstractBased on the most recently significant progress within the last one year in organic photovoltaic research from either alkylthiolation or fluorination on benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene moiety for high efficiency polymer solar cells (PSCs), two novel simultaneously fluorinated and alkylthiolated benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′] dithiophene (BDT)‐based donor–acceptor (D–A) polymers, poly(4,8‐bis(5′‐((2″‐ethylhexyl)thio)‐4′‐fluorothiophen‐2′‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene‐2,6‐diyl)‐alt‐2′‐ethylhexyl‐3‐fluorothieno[3,4‐b]thiophene‐2‐carboxylate (PBDTT‐SF‐TT) and poly(4,8‐bis(5′‐((2″‐ethylhexyl)thio)‐4′‐fluorothiophen‐2′‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene‐2,6‐diyl)‐alt‐1,3‐bis(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐5,7‐bis(2‐ethylhexyl)benzo[1,2‐c:4,5‐c′]dithiophene‐4,8‐dione (PBDTT‐SF‐BDD), namely, via an advantageous and synthetically economic route for the key monomer are reported herein. Synergistic effects of fluorination and alkylthiolation on BDT moieties are discussed in detail, which is based on the superior balance between high Voc and large Jsc when PBDTT‐SF‐TT/PC71BM and PBDTT‐SF‐BDD/PC71BM solar cells present their high Voc as 1.00 and 0.97 V (associated with their deep highest occupied molecular orbital level of −5.54 and −5.61 eV), a moderately high Jsc of 14.79 and 14.70 mA cm−2, and thus result a high power conversion efficiency of 9.07% and 9.72%, respectively. Meanwhile, for PBDTT‐SF‐TT, a very low energy loss of 0.59 eV is pronounced, leading to the promisingly high voltage, and furthermore performance study and morphological results declare an additive‐free PSC from PBDTT‐SF‐TT, which is beneficial to practical applications.

High‐Performance Wide Bandgap Copolymers Using an EDOT Modified Benzodithiophene Donor Block with 10.11% Efficiency

AbstractNewly developed benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene (BDT) block with 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) side chains is first employed to build efficient photovoltaic copolymers. The resulting copolymers, PBDTEDOT‐BT and PBDTEDOTFBT, have a large bandgap more than 1.80 eV, which is attributed to the increased steric hindrance between the BDT and EDOT skeletons. Both copolymers possess the satisfied absorptions, low‐lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels and high crystallinity. Using the fluorination strategy, PBDTEDOT‐FBT exhibits a wider and stronger absorption and a deeper HOMO level than those of PBDTEDOT‐BT. PBDTEDOT‐FBT:[6,6]‐Phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) blend also shows the higher hole mobility and better surface morphology compared with the PBDTEDOTBT:PC71BM blend. Combination of above advantages, PBDTEDOT‐FBT devices exhibit much higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.11%, with an improved open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.86 V, short circuit current densities (Jsc) of 16.01 mA cm−2, and fill factor (FF) of 72.6%. This work not only provides a newly efficient candidate of BDT donor block modified with EDOT conjugated side chains, but also achieves high‐performance large bandgap copolymers for polymer solar cells (PSCs) via the synergistic effect of fluorination and side chain engineering strategies.

Synergistic effect of fluorination and regio-regularity on the long-term thermal stability of polymer solar cells

The synergistic effect of fluorination and regio-regularity is proposed for the first time to realize the long-term thermal stability of polymer solar cells.

Synergistic Effect of Fluorination on Molecular Energy Level Modulation in Highly Efficient Photovoltaic Polymers

The synergistic effect of fluorination on molecular energy level modulation is realized by introducing fluorine atoms onto both the donor and the acceptor moieties in a D-A polymer, and as a result, the polymer solar cell device based on the trifluorinated polymer, PBT-3F, shows a high efficiency of 8.6%, under illumination of AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm(-) (2) .

Synergistic Effect of Fluorine and Hydrogen on Processes of Graphite and Diamond Formation from Fluorographite-Naphthalene Mixtures at High Pressures

Pressure–temperature-induced transformations of fluorographite CF1.1 and homogeneous mixtures of CF1.1 with naphthalene under static pressure of 8.0 GPa have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. It was found that carbonization of neat CF1.1 occurs at temperatures above 500 °C. Formation of graphite showing high grade of crystalline perfection has been observed already at ∼900 °C. The process of graphitization of carbon residue from CF1.1 is also characterized by high yield of planar graphite monocrystals of clear-cut polygonal shape. The formation of diamonds from CF1.1 at 8.0 GPa was not observed within all studied temperature range, up to 1500 °C. Thermal transformations of CF1.1 mixtures with naphthalene are distinguished by significantly reduced graphitization temperature threshold and a record low initiation temperature of diamond formation, 900 °C at 8.0 GPa, in comparison with various hydrocarbons. This can be...