Soldier Syndrome Research Articles

Postdeployment Respiratory Syndrome in Soldiers With Chronic Exertional Dyspnea.

After deployment to Southwest Asia, some soldiers develop persistent respiratory symptoms, including exercise intolerance and exertional dyspnea. We identified 50 soldiers with a history of deployment to Southwest Asia who presented with unexplained dyspnea and underwent an unrevealing clinical evaluation followed by surgical lung biopsy. Lung tissue specimens from 17 age-matched, nonsmoking subjects were used as controls. Quantitative histomorphometry was performed for evaluation of inflammation and pathologic remodeling of small airways, pulmonary vasculature, alveolar tissue and visceral pleura. Compared with control subjects, lung biopsies from affected soldiers revealed a variety of pathologic changes involving their distal lungs, particularly related to bronchovascular bundles. Bronchioles from soldiers had increased thickness of the lamina propria, smooth muscle hypertrophy, and increased collagen content. In adjacent arteries, smooth muscle hypertrophy and adventitial thickening resulted in increased wall-to-lumen ratio in affected soldiers. Infiltration of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes was noted within airway walls, along with increased formation of lymphoid follicles. In alveolar parenchyma, collagen and elastin content were increased and capillary density was reduced in interalveolar septa from soldiers compared to control subjects. In addition, pleural involvement with inflammation and/or fibrosis was present in the majority (92%) of soldiers. Clinical follow-up of 29 soldiers (ranging from 1 to 15 y) showed persistence of exertional dyspnea in all individuals and a decline in total lung capacity. Susceptible soldiers develop a postdeployment respiratory syndrome that includes exertional dyspnea and complex pathologic changes affecting small airways, pulmonary vasculature, alveolar tissue, and visceral pleura.

The Overtraining Syndrome in Soldiers: Insights from the Sports Domain.

Soldiers are exposed to extreme training regimens in order to optimally prepare for real battle. High attrition rates are a known issue during training courses, especially for elite troops. An underlying factor might be the disbalance between stress/strain and recovery. The aim of this review is to give insight in the current knowledge about functional overreaching (FOR), non-FOR (NFOR), and the overtraining syndrome (OTS) in the military. A systematic literature review was conducted. PubMed, IngentaConnect, Science Direct, and Web of Science were screened for the following keywords and combinations of search terms; military, personnel, OT, soldier. Seven studies investigating the effects of OT during training courses were selected. The definitions used for OT varied widely and there is no systematic use of markers to determine FOR, NFOR, or the OTS in the military. Much research on NFOR/OTS has been conducted in the sports domain and the military could make use of these insights to promote a more efficient balance between training load and recovery. It is suggested to regularly test soldiers on physical performance, psychomotor speed and mood using ideally a military-specific test or the 1.5-mile run, psychomotor vigilance test and Profile of Mood States. The two-bout exercise test can be used as a specific test if previous testing indicates the development of NFOR/OTS and can be combined with metabolic and immunological testing to exclude pathological causes.

Guillain-Barré syndrome.

In 1859, Landry 1 described the clinical features of acute ascending weakness without amyotrophy. Other 19th-century clinical descriptions followed, but the full extent of the motor polyradiculoneuritis and the characteristic albuminocytologic dissociation in the cerebrospinal fluid was only described in 1916 by Guillain, Barre, and Strohl. 2 Guillain (1876-1961), who eventually held Charcot's Professorial Chair at the Salpietriere in Paris, France, encountered the syndrome in soldiers while he was chief staff physician for the Sixth Army Neurological Center at the North front in France. Over the subsequent 20 years, more than 30 such cases were documented in the international medical literature to which Guillain 3 himself added 10 cases in his follow-up article of 1936. The condition became known internationally under the rubric Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Although the condition was originally suspected to be infectious in nature, the distinctive pathological features led to hypotheses of immunological origin. This article cites seminal views on the syndrome and traces historical developments up to the time of Guillain's death in 1961.

A hospital-based, case-control study of risk factors for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in soldiers of the armed forces of the Republic of Korea.

A hospital-based, case-control study was conducted to measure risk factors for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Korean soldiers. Between October 1989 and January 1992, 196 cases and 295 controls were admitted into the study. Information was collected on behavioral and environmental variables, and the data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. The strongest risk factors were seeing Apodemus in the area (odds ratio [OR] = 4.9), living in a primitive dwelling such as a lean-to (OR = 3.9), and being exposed to dust (OR = 3.7). The most protective factors were living in barracks (OR = 0.3-0.5) and self-reported use of any insecticide or insect repellent (OR = 0.5).

Depressive Equivalents in the Pre-Retirement Years: “The Old Soldier Syndrome”

Depressive Equivalents in the Pre-Retirement Years: “The Old Soldier Syndrome”

PSYCHOSOMATIC ASPECTS OF HEART DISEASE: ANXIETY HYSTERIA IN A PATIENT WITH PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS

Case Reports1 May 1949PSYCHOSOMATIC ASPECTS OF HEART DISEASE: ANXIETY HYSTERIA IN A PATIENT WITH PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUSLEONARD MAHOLICK, M.D., R. BRUCE LOGUE, M.D., F.A.C.P.LEONARD MAHOLICK, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, R. BRUCE LOGUE, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-30-5-1043 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptNot long ago Oille1said, "Almost 60 per cent of the patients who consult a cardiac specialist are suffering either from an exaggerated or wholly unnecessary anxiety about their hearts, arising from suggestion and not based on reason." Nellis2stated that no layman he had ever questioned had noticed a relationship between emotional stress and heart action; even medical students failed to appreciate it. Yet this relationship is so familiar to physicians that they forget its clinical implications. These statements immediately make it clear that a doctor often has to look beyond the cardiovascular system into the psyche in order...Bibliography1. OILLE JA: Cardiac neurosis, Canad. Med. Assoc. Jr., 1941, xlv, 1. Google Scholar2. FOSTER NB: Psychic factors in the cause of cardiac disease, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1927, lxxxix, 1017. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. WEISS E: Anxiety and the heart, Clinics, 1942, i, 916. WEISS, E. and ENGLISH, S. O.: Psychosomatic medicine, Chap. IV, 1943, W. B. Saunders Company. Google Scholar4. CONNER LA: The psychic factors in cardiac disorders, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1930, xciv, 447. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. NEUHOF S: The neurotic element in organic cardiovascular disease, New York Med. Jr., 1922, cxv, 80. Google Scholar6. CONNER LA: Ibid., 1930, xciv, 448. Google Scholar7. AUERBACKGLIEBE APA: Iatrogenic heart disease, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1945, cxxix, 338. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8. DUNBAR HF: Emotions and bodily changes, 2nd Ed., Columbia Univ. Press. Google Scholar9. ADLER A: The cause and prevention of neurosis, Jr. Abnorm. Psychol., 1928, xxiii, 4. Google Scholar10. CONNER LA: Ibid., 1930, xciv, 450. Google Scholar11. WEISS E: Ibid., Chapt. iv, 1943, p. 77. Google Scholar12. MCGREGOR : The emotional factors in visceral disease, 1938, Oxford U. Press. Google Scholar13. LIPKIN M: "Heart" pain with and without structural alteration, Psychosom. Med., 1944, vi, 237-261. Google Scholar14. GLIEBEAUERBACH PAA: Sighing and other forms of hyperventilation simulating organic disease, Jr. Nerv., and Ment. Dis., 1944, xcix, 600. CrossrefGoogle Scholar15. WOOD P: DaCosta's syndrome (or effort syndrome), Brit. Med. Jr., 1941, i, 767-772. CrossrefGoogle Scholar16. FRIEDMAN M: Studies concerning the etiology and pathogenesis of neurocirculatory asthenia. IV. The respiratory manifestations of neurocirculatory asthenia, Am. Heart Jr., 1945, xxx, 557-566. CrossrefGoogle Scholar17. PARKINSON J: Effort syndrome in soldiers, Brit. Med. Jr., 1941, i, 545-549. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Atlanta, Georgia*Received for publication January 20, 1948. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1949Volume 30, Issue 5Page: 1043-1049KeywordsAnxietyCardiovascular therapyEmotionsHeartPatent ductus arteriosus Issue Published: 1 May 1949 PDF DownloadLoading ...

Effort Syndrome in Soldiers

Effort Syndrome in Soldiers