Syndrome In Koreans Research Articles

Prediction of metabolic syndrome using machine learning approaches based on genetic and nutritional factors: a 14-year prospective-based cohort study

IntroductionMetabolic syndrome is a chronic disease associated with multiple comorbidities. Over the last few years, machine learning techniques have been used to predict metabolic syndrome. However, studies incorporating demographic, clinical, laboratory, dietary, and genetic factors to predict the incidence of metabolic syndrome in Koreans are limited. In the present study, we propose a genome-wide polygenic risk score for the prediction of metabolic syndrome, along with other factors, to improve the prediction accuracy of metabolic syndrome.MethodsWe developed 7 machine learning-based models and used Cox multivariable regression, deep neural network (DNN), support vector machine (SVM), stochastic gradient descent (SGD), random forest (RAF), Naïve Bayes (NBA) classifier, and AdaBoost (ADB) to predict the incidence of metabolic syndrome at year 14 using the dataset from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) Ansan and Ansung.ResultsOf the 5440 patients, 2,120 were considered to have new-onset metabolic syndrome. The AUC values of model, which included sex, age, alcohol intake, energy intake, marital status, education status, income status, smoking status, dried laver intake, and genome-wide polygenic risk score (gPRS) Z-score based on 344,447 SNPs (p-value < 1.0), were the highest for RAF (0.994 [95% CI 0.985, 1.000]) and ADB (0.994 [95% CI 0.986, 1.000]).ConclusionsIncorporating both gPRS and demographic, clinical, laboratory, and seaweed data led to enhanced metabolic syndrome risk prediction by capturing the distinct etiologies of metabolic syndrome development. The RAF- and ADB-based models predicted metabolic syndrome more accurately than the NBA-based model for the Korean population.

Association between nut consumption and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: results from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study–Health Examinees

BackgroundThe epidemiological evidence regarding nut consumption and metabolic diseases focuses on Western populations. Nut consumption among Koreans is relatively low, and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is rapidly increasing, highlighting the need for more focused studies in this population. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between nut consumption and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults.MethodsA total of 112,501 adults (39,481 men and 73,020 women) aged 40–79 years were selected from baseline data of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study–Health Examinees. Nut consumption was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and categorized as non-consumers, &amp;lt;1 serving/week, ≥1 to &amp;lt;2 servings/week, or ≥2 servings/week (15 g per serving). Metabolic syndrome and its components were defined according to the Korean Society of CardioMetabolic Syndrome criteria. Associations between nut consumption and metabolic syndrome and its components were examined using multiple logistic regression with adjustments for potential confounders.ResultsIn the study population, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 21.4% (26.9% in men and 18.4% in women), and the mean nut intake was 0.8 serving/week (0.7 serving/week in men and 0.8 serving/week in women). After adjusting for confounders, higher nut consumption was associated with a lower odds ratio (OR) of metabolic syndrome in individuals consuming ≥2 servings/week compared with non-consumers [OR = 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.80–0.91, p for trend &amp;lt;0.001]. Specifically, in men, this level of consumption was associated with a 14% reduction in the OR of metabolic syndrome (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.77–0.95, p for trend = 0.028). In women, a similar reduction of 14% was observed (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.80–0.93, p for trend &amp;lt;0.001). Among the metabolic syndrome components, nut consumption was inversely associated with abdominal obesity, low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and elevated triglycerides in men and women, whereas no associations were observed for elevated blood pressure or elevated fasting blood glucose.ConclusionOur findings suggest that higher nut consumption is inversely associated with metabolic syndrome and its components in Korean adults. Further studies are needed to examine the longitudinal association between nut consumption and metabolic diseases in this population.

Effect of Household Type on the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Korea: Using Propensity Score Matching.

This study analyzed the effect of the household type on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Koreans utilizing data from the sixth, seventh, and eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency from 2015 to 2019. The demographic characteristics, metabolic syndrome characteristics according to household type, and risk factors of 25,092 subjects were identified using the Rao–Scott χ2–test and weighted multiple logistic regression results. Furthermore, to understand the effect of the household type on prevalence of metabolic syndrome, the selection bias between the groups was eliminated using the propensity score matching method. The average treatment effect for those treated for metabolic syndrome prior to propensity score matching was higher for single-person households, with 0.353 and 0.268 for single- and multi-person households, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). However, after propensity score matching, it was observed to be higher for multi-person households, with 0.290 and 0.316 for single- and multi-person households, respectively. However, the difference was not statistically significant (p < 0.1822). Difference was observed regarding the prevalence of metabolic syndrome by individual characteristics, some of which were considered in previous studies. However, the household type alone did not explain the prevalence of metabolic syndrome.

Neck Circumference as a Predictor of Metabolic Syndrome in Koreans: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex metabolic disorder and a high-risk condition for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Rapid screening of at-risk individuals using accurate and time-saving tools is effective in disease management. Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data, we collected data from 2234 participants suitable for the study design, of which 974 (43.6%) were men and 1260 (56.4%) were women. We used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to estimate the optimal sex-specific neck circumference (NC) cut-off point to predict the MetS risk. To analyze the risk of MetS according to the estimated NC, logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the confounding factors. The result of the ROC analysis showed that the optimal neck cut-off points for predicting the risk of MetS were 38.25 cm (AUC: 0.759, 95% CI: 0.729–0.790) in men and 33.65 cm (AUC: 0.811, 95% CI: 0.782–0.840) in women. In the upper NC cut-off point compared to the lower NC cut-off point, NC was associated with an increased MetS risk by 2.014-fold (p = 0.010) in men and 3.650-fold (p < 0.001) in women, after adjustments. The current study supports NC as an effective anthropometric indicator for predicting the risk of MetS. It is suggested that more studies should be conducted to analyze the disease prediction effect of the combined application of anthropometric indicators currently in use and NC.

The Association between Pulmonary Function and Metabolic Syndrome in Koreans: A Cross-Sectional Study

The Association between Pulmonary Function and Metabolic Syndrome in Koreans: A Cross-Sectional Study

The HLA-B*13:01 and the dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome in Korean and Asian populations: genotype- and meta-analyses

ABSTRACT Background The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*13:01 was reported as an important risk factor for dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS) in Chinese and Thai populations. Research design and methods From the Korean nationwide registry, seven subjects with previous DHS were included. Their HLA allele/phenotype frequencies were compared with 8 dapsone-tolerant subjects recruited from a single institution, and general population (n = 485) in Korea. The authors also performed a meta-analysis with these data using previous Chinese and Thai studies. Results Among the seven DHS subjects, 85.7% presented with the HLA-B*13:01 allele. The HLA-C*03:04, HLA-DRB1*12:02 (both in linkage disequilibrium with HLA-B*13:01), and HLA-A*02:01 alleles were also presented in 85.7%, 71.4%, and 71.4%, respectively. Subjects with HLA-B*13:01 were susceptible to developing DHS compared to dapsone-tolerant controls (odds ratio [OR]: 73.667) and the Korean general population (OR: 139.500). HLA-C*03:04 (OR: 40.935), HLA-DRB*12:02 (OR: 36.613), and HLA-A*02:01 (OR: 5.862) showed similar results. In meta-analysis, HLA-B*13:01 was associated with dapsone-induced hypersensitivity (overall OR: 42.692), and subgroup analyses according to the control types demonstrated similar results (OR:43.694 and 41.866, respectively). Conclusions Similar to previous Asian population studies, HLA-B*13:01 is significantly associated with the risk of DHS in Korea. These associations may be useful for preventing DHS and improving drug safety.

HDL Subclass Analysis in Predicting Metabolic Syndrome in Koreans With High HDL Cholesterol Levels.

BackgroundHigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a complex mixture of subclasses with heterogeneous atheroprotective activities. We analyzed HDL-C subclass in relation to cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a population with high HDL-C levels.MethodsA total of 300 Korean individuals with high HDL-C levels (≥2.331 mmol/L) were enrolled following a comprehensive general medical examination including body composition analysis. HDL3-C levels were measured using the HDL3-EX SEIKEN kit (Randox Ltd., Crumlin, UK) and non-HDL3-C levels were calculated by subtracting HDL3-C levels from total HDL-C levels.ResultsHDL3-C levels and HDL3-C proportion had a weak positive correlation with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (r=0.21, r=0.25; r=0.26, r=0.34, respectively, all P<0.001); in contrast, non-HDL3-C levels had a weak negative correlation with these parameters (r=−0.17 and r=−0.25, respectively, both P<0.005). HDL3-C levels and HDL3-C proportion were significantly higher in the MetS group (N=8) than in the non-MetS group (0.71 vs 0.63 mmol/L, P=0.001; 29.7 vs 25.8%, P=0.001, respectively); these were the only predictors of MetS among the lipid variables (areas under the curves [AUC]=0.84 and 0.83, respectively, both P=0.001).ConclusionsIn populations with high HDL-C levels, HDL-C subclass may provide a greater amount of information on cardiovascular risk and MetS than HDL-C levels alone.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in ethnic groups in China: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome is common in China, which has a multiethnic population of 1·3 billion. We set out to establish the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in different ethnic groups. MethodsWe did a nationwide cross-sectional survey of eight ethnicities from six provinces in China. Metabolic syndrome was defined with the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. We analysed results using SPSS version 22·0. We used logistic regression for deriving odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals of risk factors for the metabolic syndrome. FindingsBetween June 1, 2008, and Dec 31, 2011, 24 796 participants were involved in the survey. The crude prevalence of metabolic syndrome ranged from 3·60% to 21·70% depending on the age group. After age standardisation, the respective prevalence of metabolic syndrome in descending order was 34·53% (Korean), 22·81% (Hui), 19·80% (Han), 13·72% (Miao), 12·88% (Tujia), 12·04% (Li), 11·58% (Mongolian), and 6·18% (Tibetan). Korean ethnicity was associated with a higher prevalence in five components of metabolic syndrome, whereas Tibetan ethnicity was associated with lower prevalence in most of the components except decreased HDL cholesterol. Logistic regression analyses showed that age (OR for 60–86 years old 34·12; 95% CI 24·67–47·18), drinking status (1·35; 1·20–1·51), and not being Tibetan (Han 2·975; 2·194–4·034; Li 2·096; 1·487–2·954; Miao 1·961; 1·262–3·048; Mongolian 1·835; 1·272–2·648; Korean 5·989; 4·249–8·442; Hui 4·020; 2·859–5·653; and Tujia 1·753; 1·166–2·637) were all associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome. InterpretationThe prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korean and Hui ethnicities was higher than for the other ethnic groups. Tibetan ethnicity was associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome. The ethnic differences in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components mean that measures to tackle the metabolic syndrome should be tailored to the characteristics of that population. FundingThe Ministry of Science and Technology of P R China (2006FY110300).

Variants at potential loci associated with Sjogren's syndrome in Koreans: A genetic association study

Sjogren's syndrome (SS), a chronic autoimmune disease, typically causes or involves inflammation in the salivary and lacrimal glands. Although recent genetic association studies have contributed to the discovery of SS susceptible genes, few studies have reported on the Korean population. Here, we did a genetic association study of SS in Korean patients using whole-exome sequencing data of 15 patients and 100 healthy controls. In addition to confirming previously described SS susceptibility loci MSH5 (p = 1.67 × 10–5) and RELN (p = 4.91 × 10–6), we also validated PRAMEF13 (p = 2.28 × 10–5), TARBP1 (p = 1.87 × 10–5), UGT2B28 (p = 1.33 × 10–5), TRBV5-6 (p = 2.27 × 10–5) and NAPB (p = 3.73 × 10–5) as novel susceptibility loci for SS. Furthermore, we identified UGT2B28, TARBP1 and PRAMEF13 as associated with human immune function. These findings may provide useful insight into to the pathways and pathogenesis contributing to SS susceptibility in the Korean population.

Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults: A Hospital-Based Cohort at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital.

BackgroundThe prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing in Korea, particularly among young adults. This trend will increase the incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in the future. Therefore, it is imperative to detect and prevent metabolic abnormalities early in life. Here, we established a hospital-based biobank cohort to identify the most prevalent dysmetabolic phenotype. The aim of this report was to inform other researchers of our protocol and to share our data for future collaboration.MethodsThe baseline examination comprised health-related questionnaires, anthropometric and handgrip strength measurements, bioelectrical impedance analysis of body composition, and nutritional assessment. Relevant biochemical parameters were measured, and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria with Asian waist circumference criteria.ResultsFrom a total of about 3,000 employees aged 20 to 59 years working at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 1,017 were enrolled from 2015 to 2016. The mean age was 34.5±8.4 years for men (n=311, 30.6%) and 30.9±8.5 years for women (n=706, 69.4%). The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 7.6% (17.7% in men and 3.1% in women). Among the five components of metabolic syndrome, high blood pressure was the most prevalent in both men (51.4%) and women (13.8%).ConclusionAlthough further follow-up data are needed, we expect that more adverse cardiovascular events may occur in men than in women. This hospital-based cohort will serve as the foundation for a comprehensive evaluation of metabolic syndrome and future cardiometabolic disease risk in middle-aged Koreans.

The Challenges of the Export Industry and the Institutional Improvement Plan of Laver as a Semiconductor in the Food Industry

본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 김 수출산업의 여건과 실태를 분석하고, 지속가능한 김 수출산업의 발전을 위한 당면과제와 제도적 개선방안을 제시하는 데 있다. 김 수출산업의 지속적인 발전을 위한 제도적 개선방안은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 김 수출산업이 물김 품질과 가격의 하락, 어장 생산성 저하나 밀식에 따른 폐해 등 내부적 잠재적 위험요소를 보유하고 있어 안정적인 생산기반 확충, 기술력을 바탕으로 다양한 제품을 개발 하는 등 김 수출산업구조의 개선이 필요하다. 둘째, 식품의 위생·안정에 대한 중요성이 날로 부각됨에 따라 규제가 더욱 강화될 것으로 예상되는 바, 국제적 인증제도를 적극 활용할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 최근의 김 소비패턴이 더욱 다양화되고 있으며, 건강식품으로서 소비자 인식도 호전되고 있어 김 소비가 더욱 증가할 것으로 예상된다. 수출 대상국가별로 차별화된 마케팅 전략, 품질의 우위를 이용한 고급화 전략, 한류의 적극 활용, 고부가가치 상품 위주의 상품을 개발해야 한다. 넷째. 주요 수출대상국에 대한 지속적인 모니터링과 현지 식문화 등에 맞춘 목적형 수출제품 개발 등 지속적인 해외시장 창출에 노력해야 한다.The purpose of this study is to analyze the conditions and conditions of our country s laver export industry, and present the immediate tasks and institutional improvement measures for the sustainable development of laver export industry. The institutional improvement measures for the continuous development of Laver export industry are as follows. First, the laver export industry has internal potential risk factors, such as falling Prasiola sp. quality and price, reduced productivity of the laver cultivation grounds or harmful effects due to its secrecy, which requires improvement of the laver export industry structure, such as expanding a stable production base and developing various products based on technical skills. Second, it is necessary to actively utilize the international certification system, as regulations are expected to be strengthened as the importance of hygiene and stability of food is becoming increasingly important. Third, the recent laver consumption pattern is becoming more diversified and consumer awareness as a healthy food is improving, which is expected to further increase laver consumption. Therefore, products focusing on differentiated marketing strategies, advanced strategies using quality superiority, active utilization of Hallyu(Korean Syndrome), and high value-added products should be developed by each exporting country. Fourth, continuous efforts should be made to create overseas markets, including continuous monitoring of major export destinations and the development of purpose-built export products tailored to local food and culture.

Association of Knee Osteoarthritis with Metabolic Syndrome in Koreans Aged 50-Years or Older

Association of Knee Osteoarthritis with Metabolic Syndrome in Koreans Aged 50-Years or Older

Consumption of black food decreases the risk of abdominal obesity in Korean women.

The association between black-colored foods (black foods) such as black beans, known for their high antioxidant capacity, and the prevention of metabolic diseases has been explored, but not in a large population. Therefore, this study examined relationships between the consumption of black foods and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. Data from 9,499 40-65-year old subjects (3,675 men and 5,824 women) from the 2010-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used in the analysis. Black food consumption was estimated using 24-h dietary recall data, and analyses were performed according to black food consumer and non-consumer groups. The average total consumption of black foods was higher in women than men. The total black food consumer group in women had a 24% reduced risk of abdominal obesity than the non-consumer group (p=0.007). Furthermore, waist circumference decreased significantly with an increase in total black food consumption in women. High consumption of total black foods and black beans reduced the risk of abdominal obesity by 26% (p for trend=0.012) and 29% (p for trend=0.003) compared with no consumption. No risk factors for metabolic syndrome were associated with black food consumption in men. In conclusion, black foods, including black beans, may have beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome components, especially abdominal obesity.

Positive Association Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Metabolic Syndrome in a Korean Population: A Multicenter Nationwide Study.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection causes extra-gastrointestinal as well as gastric diseases. This analytical cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the association between H. pylori infection and metabolic syndrome in a Korean population. Anthropometric and metabolic data, as well as anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies, were measured in 21,106 subjects who participated in a health checkup between January 2016 and June 2017. The classification of metabolic syndrome followed the revised National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. After excluding subjects with a history of H. pylori eradication therapy, or gastric symptoms, the seropositivity of H. pylori was 43.2% in 15,195 subjects. H. pylori-positive participants had significantly higher body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) than did seronegative participants (P < 0.05). After adjusting for confounders, high TC, low HDL-C, and high LDL-C were associated with H. pylori seropositivity. Finally, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher in H. pylori-seropositive subjects than in negative ones (27.2% vs. 21.0%, P < 0.05), and H. pylori seropositivity increased the likelihood of metabolic syndrome (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.09-1.31, P < 0.001) after adjusting for sex, age, BMI, smoking, residence, household income, and education level. However, the association between H. pylori seropositivity and metabolic syndrome disappeared in those ≥ 65years old. H. pylori infection plays an independent role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome in Koreans under 65years old.

Initial Clinical Manifestations of Ocular Ischemic Syndrome in Koreans

Initial Clinical Manifestations of Ocular Ischemic Syndrome in Koreans

Association between Serum Uric Acid and Metabolic Syndrome in Koreans.

BackgroundAlthough previous studies have highlighted the importance of serum uric acid as a risk factor of metabolic syndrome, no study has previously used a national Korean survey to examine the association between serum uric acid level and metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to investigate this association among Korean adults, to determine whether it varies by age and gender, and to identify optimal serum uric acid level cutoffs for predicting the presence of metabolic syndrome by gender and age.MethodsWe included 5,758 Korean adults (aged ≥ 19 years) who participated in the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII-1), 2016. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between serum uric acid and the presence of metabolic syndrome. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were used to assess optimal uric acid cutoff values for predicting the presence of metabolic syndrome.ResultsHigh serum uric acid levels were found to be associated with risk of metabolic syndrome. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analyses of uric acid levels for the detection of metabolic syndrome produced good performances. Women subjects had significantly higher AUC values than men subjects, but this gender difference may also have been influenced by age. Among men, AUC values of those in their 20s, 30s, or 40s were significantly higher than those in their 70s (P < 0.05). The optimal uric acid cutoff was 6.05 mg/dL for men and 4.45 mg/dL for women, and men had higher cutoffs than women in all age groups.ConclusionAmong Korean adults, serum uric acid levels were found to be strongly associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome. More importantly, our findings suggest that derived optimal cutoff values of uric acid might offer a useful means of diagnosing metabolic syndrome in clinical settings.

Association between Exercise and Metabolic Syndrome in Koreans (J Obes Metab Syndr 2018;27:117-24).

Association between Exercise and Metabolic Syndrome in Koreans (J Obes Metab Syndr 2018;27:117-24).

Association between Exercise and Metabolic Syndrome in Koreans (J Obes Metab Syndr 2018;27:117-24).

Association between Exercise and Metabolic Syndrome in Koreans (J Obes Metab Syndr 2018;27:117-24).

The Association between Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean: The 6th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015)

The Association between Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean: The 6th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015)

Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome in Korean: clinicoradiologic features and long term follow-up.

Background/AimsBirt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that is characterized by skin fibrofolliculomas, pulmonary cysts, and renal tumors. The objective of this study was to describe the features of Korean patients with BHD syndrome.MethodsClinical data were retrospectively reviewed in 12 patients (10 confirmed by direct sequencing of the folliculin (FLCN) gene and two confirmed by clinical diagnosis) diagnosed from 2004 to 2016 at Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. Criteria proposed by the European BHD consortium were used for diagnosis.ResultsThe median follow-up was 52 months. The mean age was 41.3 years and 66.7% were female. Eight patients (66.7%) had a history of pneumothorax, which was recurrent in 75%. Skin lesions were detected in 25.0% and renal cancer in 25.0%. Among mutations of the FLCN gene, the duplication of cytosine in the C8 tract of exon 11 (c.1285dupC) was the most common (40%); however, a novel heterozygous sequence variant of c.31T>C (p.C11R) in exon 4 was detected in one patient. All patients had multiple and bilateral pulmonary cysts, distributed in predominantly lower, peripheral and subpleural regions of the lungs. Most patients showed preserved lung function that remained unchanged during follow-up, and two (16.7%) developed cancers (renal cancer in one and breast cancer in one).ConclusionsOur data suggest that Korean patients with BHD syndrome may have a higher risk of pneumothorax, less frequent skin lesions, and a novel FLCN mutation compared to previous reports. Multiple bilateral and basal-predominant cysts were the most common radiologic features.