Symptoms Of Pesticide Poisoning Research Articles

Evaluating and Enhancing an Educational Intervention to Reduce Smallholder Farmers' Exposure to Pesticides in Uganda Through a Digital, Systematic Approach to Behavior Change: Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.

Smallholder farmers receive educational interventions on safe pesticide handling by governmental agencies, industries, or nongovernmental organizations to reduce exposure risks. However, existing educational interventions have limited effects on changing behaviors. Targeting psychosocial determinants of behavior change in educational interventions through theory- and evidence-based approaches may enhance their effectiveness. We aim at describing the intervention development and study design of a 3-arm cluster-randomized controlled trial to assess the effects in improving safe pesticide handling and reducing pesticide exposure of (1) an existing educational intervention and (2) a newly developed SMS text messaging intervention based on the Risks, Attitudes, Norms, Abilities, and Self-regulation (RANAS) behavior change approach. We enrolled 539 Ugandan smallholder farmers in 12 clusters (subcounties). The clusters, each with 45 farmers, were randomly allocated to one of the three arms: (1) educational intervention, (2) educational intervention+RANAS-based SMS text messages, or (3) control group. The educational intervention comprised a 2-day workshop that targeted multiple aspects of safe pesticide handling, whereas the SMS text messages targeted the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and were based on the RANAS approach. For intervention development in this study, this approach includes identifying psychosocial determinants of PPE use at baseline and selecting behavior change techniques to target them in SMS text messages. The primary outcomes of the study are (1) pesticide knowledge, attitude, and practice scores indicating performance throughout the educational intervention; and (2) frequency of PPE use. Secondary outcomes are the RANAS-based behavioral determinants of PPE use, the frequency of glove use, algorithm-based pesticide exposure intensity scores, and signs and symptoms of pesticide poisoning. The outcomes were assessed in structured interviews before the intervention (baseline) and at the 12-month follow-up. The effect of the interventions among the arms will be analyzed using the intervention arms and baseline measures as predictors and the follow-up measures as outcomes in linear multivariable mixed models including the clusters as random effects. The mediating psychosocial determinants of the interventions will be assessed in multiple mediation models. The study was conducted from 2020 to 2021-baseline interviews were conducted in October 2020, and the educational intervention was delivered in November 2020. The RANAS-based SMS text messages were developed based on the baseline data for relevant behavioral determinants of PPE use and sent between February 2021 and September 2021. Follow-up interviews were conducted in October 2021. Overall, 539 farmers were enrolled in the study at baseline; 8.3% (45/539) were lost to follow-up by the end of the study. This study will contribute to a better understanding of the effectiveness and behavior change mechanisms of educational interventions by using an experimental, cluster-randomized study design to improve pesticide handling among smallholder farmers. International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 18237656; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN18237656. DERR1-10.2196/55238.

Hubungan Perilaku Dengan Gejala Keracunan Pestisida Pada Petani Penyemprot di PT. Anam Koto Pasaman Barat Tahun 2022

Behavior (Knowledge, attitude, and action) in spraying pesticides affects the occurrence of poisoning symptoms in farmers spraying pesticides at PT. Anam Koto Pasaman Barat 2022, because pesticide spraying was found with a leaky tank, pesticide spraying farmers did not wear complete PPE (Personal Protective Equipment), male spray farmers smoked immediately with unclean hands, spraying also took place during the hot sun around 12.30 - 13.30. This study aims to determine the relationship between behavior and symptoms of pesticide poisoning in spraying farmers at PT. Anam Koto Pasaman Barat in 2022.This research is a quantitative research with a cross sectional approach conducted at PT. Anam Koto Pasaman Barat 2022 on 17–29 January 2022. The population in this study were pesticide spraying farmers at PT. Anam Koto Pasaman Barat as many as 83 people, with a sample of 45 people. Data was collected through interviews using a questionnaire. Data analysis was univariate and bivariate using Chi-Square statistical test.The results showed that there was a relationship between knowledge (p = 0,045), action (p = 0,004), behavior (p = 0,014) and there was no relationship between attitudes (p = 0,199) with symptoms of pesticide poisoning.The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between behavior and symptoms of poisoning in pesticide spraying farmers at PT. Anam Koto Pasaman Barat 2022.To reduce the symptoms of poisoning in farmers spraying pesticides. Pesticide sprayers should turn bad actions into correct actions in handling pesticides and the need for cooperation between the agriculture office and the health office in monitoring and assisting the use of pesticides by farmers.

Pesticide Impact on Human Health

Use of pesticides have contaminated every ecosystem on the earth since pesticide residues have been reported in water, air, soil, crops, non-target plants and animals. Due to the toxicity, pesticides are potentially hazardous to humans, animals, other organisms, and the environment. Therefore, people who use pesticides or regularly come in contact with them, must understand the relative toxicity, potential health effects, and preventative measures to reduce exposure to the products. Symptoms of pesticide poisoning in human are either topical (develop at the site of pesticide contact) or systemic (occur away from the original point of contact as a result of the pesticide being absorbed into and distributed throughout the body). Common signs and symptoms of acute exposure to active ingredients of insecticide include abdominal pain, diarrhoea, dizziness, excessive salivation and tearing, headache, loss of consciousness, Malaise, muscle twitching and weakness, nausea, nervous system depression, pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression, seizures, sweating, vomiting, coma and death in severe case. Exposure of pesticides may result into fatal diseases like cancers, leukaemia and asthma. The risk of health hazards due to pesticide exposure depends on toxicity of the ingredients and the level of exposure. Additionally, children, pregnant women and aging populations are more sensitive to the effects of pesticides. This review provides an overview on harmful effects of pesticides on human health with reference to routes of human exposure, risks of exposure to human and impact on human health

Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Dengan Gejala Keracunan Pestisida pada Petani Penyemprot Pestisida Tanaman Holtikultura di Kecamatan Lembah Gumanti Kabupaten Solok Tahun 2019

The World Health Organization (WHO) and The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) predict there are 1.5 million cases of pesticide poisoning that occur in the agricultural sector, most of which occur in developing countries. Pesticides are hazardous and toxic materials (B3) that must be managed properly. Farmers get many benefits from using pesticides. Pesticides are used by farmers to control pest attacks. Improper using of pesticides can endanger farmers. Horticulture plants need pesticides to control pest attacks. There are various factors that can affect the level of pesticide poisoning in farmers, one of them is the level of knowledge. Lack of knowledge about pesticides will increase the risk of pesticide poisoning. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge with symptoms of pesticide poisoning in horticultural farmers in Lembah Gumanti, Solok Regency in 2019. The type of this research was observational analytic research with cross sectional design. The population in this study were all horticultural farmers in the Gumanti Lembah Subdistrict of Solok Regency in 2018 totaling 128 people with a sample of 56 people. The sample is done by proportional random sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out by univariate and bivariate. The results showed that 41.1% of respondents had symptoms of risky poisoning, 46.4% of respondents knowledge was still low. Based on statistical tests it is known that there is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge with symptoms of pesticide poisoning. It can be concluded that the level of knowledge will affect the incidence of pesticide poisoning in horticultural farmers. It can be suggested to farmers to increase knowledge regularly.

Acute Pesticide Poisoning in Children: A Review of 50 Cases

Background: Pesticide poisoning is very common in Tunisia. Various factors are involved in the analysis of the clinical presentations and the severity of this condition. Major factors are the chemical nature of the pesticides and the quantity entered the body. Methods: This is a retrospective study, reporting the pediatric cases that presented to us with signs and symptoms of pesticide poisoning. Fifty cases pesticide poisoning were admitted to the hospital between January 2013 and October 2016. Results: A total of 50 pediatric cases were included in this study with the mean age of 3 years and 4months. The poisoning was accidental in 49 cases and self-inflicted in one, with the mode being oral (N=45), respiratory (N=2) and cutaneous (N=3). The average duration of hospital care for these patients was 2 hours and 30 minutes (range: 30 min-24 hr). The clinical manifestations of poisoning noted were due to muscarinic and nicotinic receptors inhibition. Upon clinical examination, 29 patients had no pesticide in the gastric lavage fluid and urine and demonstrated no abnormal cholinesterase activity. The therapeutic management was mainly symptomatic with antidote medications prescribed (atropine and oxime). All patients had favorable outcomes and no death occurred. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the frequency of pesticide poisoning in a pediatric setting and the importance of early management. Optimal therapeutic approaches were evaluated, demonstrating that prevention still remains the best solution in such cases.

Taiwanese farm workers’ pesticide knowledge, attitudes, behaviors and clothing practices

The purpose of this study was to assess Taiwanese fruit farm workers’ knowledge, attitudes, behaviours, and clothing practices regarding pesticide activities. Seventy-seven fruit farm workers from four districts of Tainan City, Taiwan completed the questionnaire. Results indicated that farmer workers had a good overall level of knowledge of the adverse effects of pesticides on human health and most had experienced symptoms of pesticide poisoning. Farm workers’ attitudes toward pesticide use and handling indicated that they saw pesticides useful in controlling pests. Farm workers indicated the limited availability of comfortable clothing designed for a hot and humid climate while still providing sufficient protection was the main reason for not wearing personal protective clothing (PPC) and personal protective equipment (PPE). Emphasis on safety precautions is needed when using pesticides, and the importance of PPC and PPE is essential for the health of farm workers.

A interpretação dos profissionais de saúde acerca das queixas de "nervos" no meio rural: uma aproximação ao problema das intoxicações por agrotóxicos

Occupational exposure to pesticides has a strong impact on Public Health in Brazil, since the country is one of the world's largest pesticide consumers. Harm to the rural population is reflected in high pesticide poisoning and case-fatality rates. The present paper focuses on the perspective of health professionals working in districts 5 and 7 of the Municipality of Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro State, in the Family Health Program, concerning rural residents' complaints of "nervousness", verifying (1) whether health professionals perceive a link between "nervousness" and symptoms of pesticide poisoning, (2) the implications of their understanding on the reporting of work-related illnesses, and (3) medication for "nervousness" (use of tranquilizers) as a potential factor of social accommodation (as occurs elsewhere in urban groups) and as a potential cause of dual poisoning among workers exposed to pesticides. The methodology included interviews, participant observation, field notes, and consultation of previous studies in the area. The study highlights health professionals' discourse in relation to the association between "nervousness" and pesticides. The authors discuss factors related to this perception and make several suggestions for future research.