Symptoms Of Emotional Disturbance Research Articles

Review Of The Emotional Disorder Theories In The Developmental Stage Of Adolescence.

Emotions almost rule lives in every state of age, the difference is that of level of control which is highly effected by the situation faced by the individual. Emotions appear from the physiques of the individuals unintentionally. Adolescence is the most particular stage of life in which emotions develop positively or negatively. It is a descriptive study for which the primary data was collected from the research works of theorists. The different aspects of emotional disorders and disturbance in adolescence were reviewed and suggestions were given. All the stake holders i.e. School, parents and community around the developmental stage of adolescence are beneficiary of it. The study suggests emotional disorder is the combination of so many symptoms of emotional disturbance which spoils life, if not find in time, ignoring or mishandling it. Children in adolescence easily accept ecological effects, positive effects develop sound mind and negative drags towards negative impulses. There should be a balance and proper mechanism for class promotion, award distribution and other assignments of responsibilities among students so as to create a positive environment in school.

Symptoms of Emotional Disturbance in Young Children (Birth to 5)

Symptoms of Emotional Disturbance in Young Children (Birth to 5)

5-HTTLPR genotype potentiates the effects of war zone stressors on the emergence of PTSD, depressive and anxiety symptoms in soldiers deployed to iraq.

Exposure to war zone stressors is common, yet only a minority of soldiers experience clinically meaningful disturbance in psychological function. Identification of biomarkers that predict vulnerability to war zone stressors is critical for developing more effective treatment and prevention strategies not only in soldiers but also in civilians who are exposed to trauma. We investigated the role of the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotype in predicting the emergence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depressive and anxiety symptoms as a function of war zone stressors. A prospective cohort of 133 U.S. Army soldiers with no prior history of deployment to a war zone, who were scheduled to deploy to Iraq, was recruited. Multilevel regression models were used to investigate associations between 5-HTTLPR genotype, level of war zone stressors, and reported symptoms of PTSD, depression and anxiety while deployed to Iraq. Level of war zone stressors was associated with symptoms of PTSD, depression and anxiety. Consistent with its effects on stress responsiveness, 5-HTTLPR genotype moderated the relationship between level of war zone stressors and symptoms of emotional disturbance. Specifically, soldiers carrying one or two low functioning alleles (S or LG ) reported heightened symptoms of PTSD, depression and anxiety in response to increased levels of exposure to war zone stressors, relative to soldiers homozygous for the high functioning allele (LA ). These data suggest that 5-HTTLPR genotype moderates individual sensitivity to war zone stressors and the expression of emotional disturbance including PTSD symptoms. Replication of this association along with identification of other genetic moderators of risk can inform the development of biomarkers that can predict relative resilience vs. vulnerability to stress.

Chronic fatigue syndrome: Symptoms, appraisal and ways of coping

Objectives. The aim of the study was to investigate the contributions of measures of appraisal and ways of coping (relative scoring) to two clusters of symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS; fatigue and emotional disturbance), using multiple regression analysis.Design. A cross‐sectional design was employed within a framework provided by the Lazarus & Folkman model of stress.Methods. Participants (N = 81) were drawn from CFS support groups. Self‐report questionnaires were used, including measures of symptoms (Ray, Weir, Phillips & Cullen, 1992), ways of coping with CFS (Ray, Weir, Stewart, Miller & Hyde, 1993), and appraisal of the illness (Browne et al., 1988).Results. When symptoms of emotional disturbance were controlled, those experiencing more symptoms of fatigue were more likely to perceive CFS to be stressful, were less likely to feel that they could do anything about the illness, and were relatively more likely to cope through seeking information. Those experiencing more symptoms of emotional disturbance were less likely to have an optimistic outlook and were less likely to attempt to cope by accommodating to the illness, irrespective of symptoms of fatigue.Conclusions. The results confirmed the utility of the Lazarus & Folkman model of stress within this domain. The use of relative coping scores clarified the potential importance of accommodating to the illness. Overall, the results underlined the need to further develop measures and methodologies in this area.

Therapeutic interventions in infancy: Two contrasting cases of persistent crying

SUMMARY Infants are liable to many symptoms of emotional disturbance. However, it is now widely agreed that there is no such thing as individual psychopathology in infancy. Infantile disturbances are considered to be a function of current relationships. The paper briefly summarises available psychodynamic approaches to problems in infant relationships. It argues that more case-studies of therapeutic interventions in infancy are needed to increase our understanding of early disturbances and of their treatment. Two contrasting case-studies of intervention in persistent crying attempt to understand what may sustain this distressing problem. In each case the possible meaning of the crying, both to the babies and to their families, is considered.

Behavioral Resiliency Among Children Surviving Brain Tumors: A Longitudinal Study

Compared the social and behavioral adjustment of 40 long-term survivors of childhood brain tumors to a matched control group of children surviving cancers that did not involve the central nervous system. Both groups exhibited significant elevations on the Behavior Problems scales of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) relative to nonclinical norms, although approximately 50% of the children in both groups did not have significantly elevated scores on the CBCL. Contrary to expectations, the brain tumor group did not have significantly more signs of psychopathology than did the cancer control group and examination of serial evaluations suggested a significant decrease in symptoms of emotional disturbance since diagnosis in most children treated for brain tumors. Children in the brain tumor group did display more problems in the Social Competence scales than did children in the cancer control group, especially those related to inhibition of activities and school performance.

Effect of Citalopram, a Selective 5‐HT Reuptake Blocker, in Emotionally Disturbed Patients with Dementiaa

In patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, there are symptoms not only of cognitive impairment but also of emotional disturbance. Postmortem human brain studies have shown a disturbed metabolism of serotonin and overactivity of neuroendocrine-controlling factors in the hypothalamus. Treatment with a selective 5-HT reuptake blocker, citalopram, causes a significant reduction in postdexamethasone cortisol levels. Citalopram in patients with dementia disorders produces no improvement in psychomotor and cognitive behavior, but symptoms of emotional disturbance are reduced. Citalopram does not have a pure antidepressant effect; rather, the drug is considered an emotional stabilizer.

Aspekter på behandling av äldre med demens och/eller depression

Postmortem human brain data from normally aged individuals indicate an involution in the neurotransmitter metabolism, with onset in the sixties followed by a continuous progression. The reserve capacity of the brain is great and behavioural disturbances are therefore not seen until 20-25 years after the onset. Parkinson-like symptoms are common in men more than 80 years old, and the prevalence of symptoms of depression increases with age. Whether Parkinson-like symptoms can be pharmacologically treated with, for example, deprenyl, an MAO-B inhibitor, has not yet been investigated. Depression, and possibly also other symptoms of emotional disturbances, may well be treated with antidepressants. However, the toxic effects of tricyclics are often too troublesome for the elderly, selective 5-hydroxy-tryptamine (5-HT) reuptake blockers are instead the drugs of choice. Citalopram has shown beneficial effects in the treatment of elderly people with depressed mood and emotional disturbances. The increase in activi...

A Factor Analysis of Emotional Disorders in Mentally Retarded People

A factor analytic study of a symptom checklist was conducted with 131 emotionally disturbed, mentally retarded people who were outpatients at a developmental disabilities mental health clinic in Chicago, Illinois. Item loadings of .40 or greater were used as the criterion for inclusion in factors. Scores reflecting the frequency of significant occurrences of each symptom also were computed. The results of the study add statistical detail to previous clinical reports on the symptoms of emotional disturbances in mentally retarded people.

Children of alcoholics during the recovery process: alcoholic and matched control families.

Children of relapsed and recovered alcoholic patients were compared with children from sociodemographically matched control families on a set of indices of emotional and physical status. The children of relapsed alcoholics evidenced more symptoms of emotional disturbance than did the control children. In contrast, the children of recovered alcoholics were functioning as well as the control children. Additional analyses showed that the emotional status of children was related to the emotional, physical, and occupational functioning shown by their alcoholic and their nonalcoholic parent, as well as to family life stressors.

Differences between functional versus organic low back pain patients

There are contradictory findings about whether there are differences in personality and/or amount of emotional disturbance between patients with functional versus organic low back pain. The MMPI scores of 42 back pain patients diagnosed as “organic” were compared with the scores of 37 patients classified as “functional”. The functional patients scored significantly higher than the organics on the Hs, Hy, Pd, Sc, Ma, and Si scales. The organics scored significantly higher than the functional on the K scale. The results confirm the view that certain symptoms of emotional disturbance are more characteristic of patients who have relatively little evidence of physical findings. However, the degree of overlap between groups was high enough to suggest caution in making predictions and diagnoses about functional versus organic pain on individual patients solely on the basis of personality data.

The Alcoholic Family: Marital Interaction in the Conjugal Family

Clinical experience with alcoholism has suggested that the spouses of alcoholics not only suffer the consequences of this family-involving illness but also affect its course. In a three-year study (1962-1965), entitled Distinctive Characteristics of the Alcoholic Family, the National Council on Alcoholism Research Department endeavored to compare marital interaction and family roles in a representative sample of families of alcoholics and two matched comparison groups of nonalcoholic families, one sick and the other well. The background for this study is described in an earlier report of community casefinding of problem drinkers in the Master Sample Survey of the Washington Heights Health District, 1960-1961.1 The methodology of the present project in matching alcoholic families with comparison groups for more intensive reinterviews also is discussed elsewhere in this volume.2 This report focuses on data derived from the section of the National Council on Alcoholism interview schedule concerning current marriage: division of labor, decision-making, disagreements and quarrels, communication between spouses, use of leisure time, satisfaction with various aspects of marriage; child-rearing practices and children's symptoms of emotional disturbance. Other sections of the hour-long interview covered sociocultural background data and socioeconomic history, drinking history and patterns, psychological symptoms and childhood experience. The analysis of marital communication patterns and compatibility

The association between self-esteem and anxiety

IN RECENT years, the fields of psychiatry, psychology, and sociology have all experienced an upsurge of interest in the nature of the self-image. The fact that these three fields, differing as they do in their subject matter, research methods, perspectives, and foci of interest, should come to share an interest in this aspect of personality bespeaks, perhaps, the power of this concept to intrude itself upon established ways of thought and procedure. Though each field bears with it the inertia of its distinctive tradition, all have found that the idea of the self-image is, if not central to their concerns, at least relevant to them. The self-image is, of course, a complex concept. In this paper, we will consider one aspect of this concept, viz., the individual’s self-esteem, the degree to which he holds attitudes of acceptance or rejection toward himself. It is one of the peculiarities of the self, as MEAD(~) has noted, that the self is reflexive, that the self is both subject and object, that the judge and the object to be judged are encased within the same skin. Every individual has attitudes towards a multitude of objects in the world, and one of these objects probably the most important is himself. It is this favorable or unfavorable attitude toward oneself that we designate by the term self-esteem. There is ample clinical and theoretical warrant for expecting the individual’s level of selfacceptance to have certain emotional consequences. Some clinicians go so far as to characterize low self-esteem as one of the basic elements of neurosis. HORNEY@) and FROMM@) stress that an underlying feeling of worthlessness is characteristic of the sick personality. A psychotherapist, ANGY,IL@) states: “In the neurotic development there are always a number of unfortunate circumstances which instill in the child a self-derogatory feeling. This involves on the one hand a feeling of weakness which discourages him from the free expression of his wish for mastery, and on the other a feeling that there is something fundamentally wrong with him and that, therefore, he cannot be loved. The whole complicated structure of neurosis appears to be founded on this secret feeling of worthlessness, that is, on the belief that one is inadequate to master the situations that confront him and that he is undeserving of love . . .“. One reason that low self-esteem may be related to certain symptoms of emotional disturbance is that, in MURPHY’S(~) view, the self-image is central to the individual’s value system. “Whatever the self is,” he says, “it becomes a center, an anchorage point, a standard of comparison, an ultimate real. Inevitably, it takes its place as a supreme value . . . . To most

Parental expectations as a force in treatment. The identification of unconscious parental projections onto the childrens' psychiatric hospital.

In recent years, increasing recognition is being given in all phases of mental health practice to the importance of clinical diagnoses that encompass the total dynamic picture of the patient in his intimate life relationships. 1,2,3 From this point of view, symptoms of emotional disturbance are seen less as intrinsically significant and more as the patient's symbolic communications to his intimates of his otherwise suppressed needs in living with them. Particularly in child psychiatry has it been understood that evaluation of a child's disturbance and planning for his treatment cannot be separated from an understanding of the total pattern of family interaction. 4-9 The focus of this study is to underscore the need for attention to the covert strivings of parents as they apply for hospitalization of their child. If this attention is not paid, the institution may be entering into a contract in accepting the