Symbolic Exchange Research Articles

‘Unsponsoring Football’: Sign Value, Symbolic Exchange, and Simulacra in a Gambling-Related Marketing Campaign

This article utilises Baudrillard’s concepts of sign value and symbolic exchange to examine the ‘Unsponsoring Football’ campaign which was designed by the marketing and creative agencies VCCP and Octagon, and carried out in conjunction with the bookmakers Paddy Power. Clubs were ‘unsponsored’ by Paddy Power, which paid for the right to not display its logo on football shirts. The campaign concept involved ‘spoof’ shirts which are simulations of the ‘real’ items. A four-step process through which the simulacra develop is outlined in the article. The campaign parodies UK government policy on gambling-related sponsorship, which has been criticised for its failure to regulate what is a globalised market. The 2023 White Paper ‘High Stakes: Gambling Reform for the Digital Age’ is notably similar to the parodic position taken in ‘Unsponsoring Football’. Removing some elements of sponsorship while retaining a wider relationship with the gambling industry means that the gamblification of the sport remains in place.

Baudrillard's Critical Theory of Political Economy

Baudrillard is a famous French postmodern philosopher with a vast array of theories and writings. Based on Baudrillard's reflection on Marx's critique of political economy, the article takes the social and ideological origins of the theory of mimesis as the starting point of the study. Unlike Marx, Baudrillard's theory of mimesis involves a 'model' that appears as the initial form of the mimesis. Baudrillard's argument that the proliferation of mimesis and simulation has led to the demise of the real, and that the real world can be produced through modelling without the need for prototypes, adds a new dimension to reflections on Marx's critical theory of society, and expands the horizons and methodologies of contemporary Marxist research. The paper traces the premise and development of the theory of mimesis by analysing the turn towards consumer society, and presents the specifics of mimesis theory as a whole by keeping in mind Baudrillard's principle of symbolic exchange and his reflections on modern technology. This paper analyses the concept of mimesis based on Baudrillard's later theories, and attempts to explain the specific connotations of mimesis and its related concepts. This paper focuses on three related concepts of mimesis: "mimesis", "hyperreal" and "implosion", and explains in detail the differences between these four concepts on the basis of Baudrillard's work. Based on Baudrillard's work, the differences between these four concepts are explained in detail. Explores the symbolic order, social entities, and media influences in which the concept of "mimesis" occurs.

Imagining Liberatory Futures with Alexis Pauline Gumbs and M. E. O’Brien

ABSTRACT In this visionary conversation, Alexis Pauline Gumbs and M.E. O’Brien explore collective relations, liberatory practices and radical futures. Engaging with Black feminist theory, insurgent utopias, psychoanalytic insights, communist visions and poetic expressions, they connect the fields of race, symbolic exchange, social dreaming, speaking and listening, accountability, maternal practice, the family, poetic interventions, and envisioning through struggle. Together, they invite us all to conjure a world of shared imaginations and collective liberation.

The uses of poetry

This article draws on evidence from a qualitative study of working-class readers in order to reflect on the ways in which readers can lay claim to, or can affirm a particular kind of meaningful relationship with, poetic texts. Drawing a lesson from the example of Bridget Fowler’s account of the reading of popular romances, it argues for the need to take seriously the question of the ‘uses’ of literary and cultural products. An account which construes the relationship between readers and literary texts only in terms of the accumulation of cultural capital within the context of a wider symbolic economy risks losing sight of the ways in which popular practices of using and sharing poems can be discordant with both the rationality of symbolic exchange and the wider rationalities which are characteristic of capitalism.

Tourism Communication Policy in Sustainable Tourism and Climate Change in Garut Regency

The tourism sector as one of the drivers of the Indonesian economy is also affected by natural and non-natural disasters. Climate change and disasters encourage the government of Garut Regency in West Java, Indonesia, to carry out various tourism communication policies as part of the effort to increase sustainable tourism activities in the face of climate change and disasters. This research aims to find a model of sustainable tourism communication policy in the face of climate change in Garut Regency. This research uses symbolic interactionism theory, growth pole theory and Community Based Tourism (CBT). The exchange of symbols between tourism actors will build a common meaning in making sustainable tourism communication policies. The type of research used a case study with a research location in Garut Regency, a tourist site as well as a disaster-prone area. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. Data validity used data triangulation, investigator triangulation, and theory triangulation. The results showed that the policy used in the development of sustainable tourism in Garut Regency emphasizes collaboration and communication of all stakeholders. The involvement of all stakeholders will encourage the realization of community welfare. The focus of sustainable tourism development is the community. Community welfare will be achieved if the community is fully involved in all tourism activities.

New secular holidays in modern Kazakh culture. Westernization of everyday life and transfor-mation of family rituals

The growing attention to processes related to the revival of Islam throughout Central Asia leaves in shadow some no less interesting tendencies associated with the westernization of the daily life. These processes have been recorded across the entire Central Asia but presently they manifest themselves to the greatest extent specifically in Kazakhstan, where interweaving of traditional elements of the East and the West created a remarkable distinctive culture of the 21st century. The voluntary or involuntary neglect of these processes undoubtedly leads to serious misrepresentation in our understanding of further routes of development of the traditional rites. Equally important is the fact that problems of Islamization itself undoubtedly appear more prominent when taking into account factors linked with the new ‘westernized daily routine’. In this regard, very interesting are the new secular rituals and festivities which appeared in modern Kazakh culture not long ago: gender reveal party, baby shower, tilashar (Kaz., literally ‘opening of the tongue’), constituting the subject of this research. This study employs methods of his-torico-cultural and ethnographic approaches, and it is based on fieldwork data obtained during the ethnographic studies in Western Kazakhstan in recent years and data from monitoring personal profiles of users of social networks and services. Gen-der reveal parties and baby shower celebrations are widespread in the entire world, and they are of a secular nature. The analysis of evidence from Kazakh culture shows an example of how modern Kazakhs attempt to fit the ‘westernized’ practices into the universal matrix of present-day Kazakh ritual activities based on three constituents: a repast with an indispensable na-tional dish of ‘meat in Kazakh style’, a symbolic exchange of presents between members of socially kindred group, and bata beru i.e. ‘best wishes from senior relatives’. This is also supported by the search for parallels in the rites, conventional synonymity of the new practices and established family rites. Thus, the secular celebrations of gender reveal and baby shower are acquiring a national colour. The culture is adapting the ‘westernized’ practice; copying of the original example and its re-interpretation at a new level is taking place. In contrast to family rites, the gender party and baby shower are not obligatory; following of such practices is rather a fashion of its kind — a response of the modern Kazakh young people to cultural globalization. The author is trying to find an answer to the ques-tion: why indeed the Kazakh culture is so readily accepting and adapting practices of this kind? The answer seems to lie in the specifics of the social organization of the Kazakh society, in the emergence of new channels for storing and broadcasting of information, and in the overall orientation of modern Kazakhstan towards globalization.

Historical memory as a factor of family and state socialization (on the example of generations of “local” and “newcomers” of Kazan)

The problem of comparative study of socialization in the commemorative field of the family and the state is posed on the example of generations of immigrants and internal migrants. The parallel existence of discourses of family and official historical memory is stated. Based on a wide range of sources, common elements are identified in the family socialization of young generations and in the integration of “newcomers” by the state. The unifying mechanism is the “gift exchange” known to anthropologists and philosophers. It is proved that it is an important component of the worldview of immigrants and internal migrants of different generations, as well as official state narratives about the past. The hypothesis is proposed that full integration consists in the formation of a willingness to engage in a centuries-old exchange between this family and the state. Symbolic exchange, as in the case of socialization through family memory, should be beneficial to the family, and not to the state with the idea of sacrifice in its name. Thus, according to the authors, it is possible to overcome symbolic borders that are an obstacle to the integration of different generations of immigrants and internal migrants into the all-Russian commemorative space.

Mapping the Cultural Landscape of the Homeland: A Semiotic Analysis of Agha Shahid Ali’s Poetry Collection

The widely renowned and exhaustively researched Kashmiri-American diasporic poet, Agha Shahid Ali, has received acclaim for his portrayal of themes such as loss, longing for the homeland, nostalgia, hyphenated identity, hybridity, and dislocation, among others. However, within the purview of new historicism, this paper intends to examine the interplay of literature, culture, and history. Using Clifford Geertz's framework of "thick description," the paper analyzes Agha's poetry as a cultural artifact with ethnographic value. Through a semiotic analysis of select poems based on Bakhtin's notion of chronotopes, the paper aims to unravel themes of fragmented identity, cultural memorialization, and the preservation of imaginary homelands. The paper also attempts to explore that Agha Shahid Ali, actively engaged with the socio-political turmoil in his homeland. He sought to reconcile the tensions between different traditions and religious communities, envisioning a personal utopia rooted in his privileged position. His poetry reflects his historical context, facilitating a symbolic exchange between the fragments of Kashmiri culture. Through intertextual references, religious symbols, and social emblems, Ali constructs a significant and experimental narrative about Kashmir.

Between Alienation and Revolution

Following the tracks of the soiree collectives in the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte, this article aims at analysing the role of the dimension of everyday life, which according to Lefebvre means the constant movement between the tendency to repeat and the capacity for social transformation, the constant movement between routine and invention. These collectives are formed by young people, most of them residents of peripheral areas who have revealed themselves to be holders of a new subjectivity capable of explaining their place in the world and justifying their existence drawing from the pride of being peripheral, which results in a new way of political action. The daily life lived, perceived, and conceived in the context of their social and symbolic place occupied by the peripheries and their social actors has been reframed in the face of a set of social transformations and, consequently, it produces new public spheres and new ways of expression of emancipatory struggles. The ethnography carried out seeks to apprehend the intertwining of poetry, performance, and the occupation of public space. The critique of everyday life reveals those patterns of behaviour, organization strategies of groups and subgroups, networks of relationships and networks of meanings, as well as systems of material and symbolic exchanges. Indeed, such collectives are expressions of everyday resistance, manifested in poetry, in bodily expressions, in the way activities are organized and performed. In these soirees, critical and political reflections are collectively created, making the creative and liberating capacity emerge.

Komunikasi Antarbudaya Antara Masyarakat Pribumi Dengan Masyarakat Transmigrasi Di Desa Kedataran Kecamatan Maje Kabupaten Kaur


 
 
 
 Cultural diversity gave birth to many different cultures in Bengkulu Province, one of which is in Kedataran Village, Maje District, Kaur Regency. In the communication process between people of different cultures, a more comprehensive understanding is needed so that it does not become a conflict. This underlies the research conducted in Kedataran Village, with the aim of describing the intercultural communication process that occurs between indigenous people and transmigration communities in this area. This type of research is field research with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were interviews with key and main informants, as well as observation and documentation. This research uses the theory of intercultural communication (Ting-Toomey, 1985) which includes symbolic exchange, proces, different cultural communities, interactive situation, negotiate shared meanings, and societal embedded system. Based on the results of research and data analysis, it is concluded that 1) the use of intercultural communication symbols in Kedataran Village is the language used, namely Kaur, Javanese, and Indonesian, 2) although there are cultural differences but people are able to understand each other so that the communication process is quite harmonious, 3) different cultural communities between people coexist by applying mutual tolerance and mutual respect for differences, 4) interactive situations of intercultural communication during weddings, official village forums, and social activities, 5) negotiation of meaning is related to the substance of the issues conveyed such as conflicts due to differences in viewpoints and assessments of other cultures, 6) systems embedded in society shape the process as well as the results of intercultural encounters between indigenous and transmigration communities.
 
 
 

From the Perspective of Symbolic Interactionism -Understanding Reciprocal Relationships in Car Boot Markets

This research study explores the emergence and development of reciprocal relationships within the car boot market in Guangzhou. Drawing upon the theoretical framework of Symbolic Interactionism, the motivation behind these relationships is examined. The study uses field research, including in-depth interviews and observations, to gather data on the motivations, interactions, and reciprocal exchanges among market participants. The research objectives include understanding the background and characteristics of the car boot market, exploring the establishment of reciprocal relationships from the perspective of Symbolic Interactionism, and investigating the implications of these relationships for social identities. The research methodology encompasses qualitative methods, such as participant observation and interviews, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the car boot market and its reciprocal dynamics. The research findings indicate that in the car boot market, reciprocal relationships are formed through the exchange of symbols and meaningful interactions among vendors and customers. These relationships contribute to the construction of social identities and foster economic development within the market. Through direct and indirect reciprocity, vendors build networks and expand their social identities beyond their existing relationships. The conclusions drawn from this study underscore the significance of interactional behaviors and symbolic exchanges in the car boot market. The research highlights the applicability of Symbolic Interactionism in analyzing and understanding the nuanced dynamics of reciprocal relationships within informal economies. It offers valuable insights for the development and management of the car boot market and recommends strategies for fostering and sustaining reciprocal relationships.

Theorizing Fatal Strategies: A New Leftist Vocabulary of Jean Baudrillard

This essay explores Jean Baudrillard’s “fatal strategies” outlined in his seminal work, Fatal Strategies. It also explores their relevance to contemporary postmodern capitalist culture. Baudrillard’s writing style mirrors the ecstatic nature of the society he critiques, employing symbolic exchange to intensify its logic to the point of collapse. The essay further examines Baudrillard’s possible leftist vocabulary rooted in critical theory, poststructuralism, and anti-capitalist critique. Baudrillard’s leftist gesture rejects Enlightenment humanist presumptions, particularly the notion of “the social.” He argues that modern technology exposes humans’ predictability and heteronomy, rendering the Enlightenment ideals obsolete yet still haunting the postmodern “desert of the real.” Baudrillard’s work becomes an exorcism, banishing these specters by asserting that responsible collective subjects and genuine social projects never truly existed. Instead, he highlights “figures of the transpolitical,” such as the obese, hostages, and the obscene, as more indicative of contemporary reality. Moreover, Baudrillard challenges the historical privilege of the subject over the object, exploring the “fatal strategy” of the object “taking revenge” on the subject. His intellectual work, though unsystematic, consistently concerns the system of signs of ideology and the role of media and technology in shaping leftist identities. This essay thus sheds light on Baudrillard’s distinct perspective within the leftist cultural critique, providing insights into the postmodern condition and methodological prospects.

External and internal analogies in social and philosophical knowledge in the context of the problem of homogeneity-heterogeneity of societies

The subject of this work is social models that are constructed by using external and internal analogies. External social analogies imply a reference to an object that is studied within the framework of a science being external to social knowledge (physics, chemistry, biology, etc.). In particular, the mechanistic, elementary (chemical) and geological varieties of them are considered. Internal analogies imply a reference to an object that is directly related to the social sciences, social philosophy. Hence, the Baudrillard’s symbolic exchange, McDonaldization and eBayization models are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the dichotomy of homogeneity-heterogeneity of societies which is revealed within the consideration of corresponding antagonistic social concepts. As a result, after classifying social models from the point of view of external and internal analogies used by creators of these models, the reasons were identified explaining that analogical thinking is so generally accepted and popular in social philosophy. Namely, analogies allow a social model to be more tangible and visual as well as they give it credibility and novelty. In relation to the idea of the homogeneity or heterogeneity of human societies, external and internal analogies allow us to conceptually «color» these abstract notions. The spread of internal analogies presupposes the emancipation of social science from the influence of the idea of necessity to build social models in accordance with natural science – the idea that finds vivid expression in models based on external analogies.

Television as a Factor in Formation of Common Cultural Space and Integration of Society

The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of the integration function of television and, at the same time, the factor in the formation of a single cultural space. The research methodology is based on the application of the principles of analysis and synthesis, the unity of the logical and systematic approaches. The scientific novelty of the results obtained lies in understanding the essence of the integration function of television and, at the same time, the factor in the formation of a single cultural space. Conclusions. It is emphasised that the role of television in the process of integration lies in its ability to combine all participants of the social dialogue, to be its driving force. Integration as a transformation of the system of values, a long-term aspiration that guides society based on the acceptance of the value of cooperation, is directly related to the formation of a socio-cultural space, one of the subjects responsible for filling which is television. As a subject of the informational and sociocultural space, television structures and fills this space in accordance with the interests of its viewer – the nature of television broadcasting allows, influencing the audience, to appeal to almost all the feelings and emotions of a person. It is noted that television contributes to: a) consistency between cultural standards, norms, patterns of behaviour; b) the introduction of cultural standards in people's behaviour by regulating public opinion; c) is the subject of the exchange of cultural meanings, symbols and meanings in an integrated society; as well as a factor of social differentiation and at the same time its product, playing its specific role in the modern world. It is summarised that television actively promotes national values, patterns of behaviour, moral and ethical norms, and broadcasts these elements of culture not in an abstract form, but in their socio-cultural context, in the form of concrete and accessible images. The interaction of television and culture provides communicative forms and methods of informational and cultural integration.
 Keywords: television, information space, cultural space, society integration.

Analysis of the Flourish of RPS in China

Recently, natural person slash(RPS) has become popular in China. RPS is female fans form homoerotic fantasies based on two real men. They are regarded as a kind of fujoshi who gain their pleasure through derivative works. It does not have a long history but has a significant social influence in todays China. The study aims to analyze the flourishing of RPS in China, mainly focusing on consumer society and the symbolic exchange theory and how they are connected with the flourishing of RPS fan culture. The study also analyzes the rebellion of the culture industry and the mainstream. The relationship between RPS fans and gender inequality is also explored in the study. The author suggests that the government pay attention to the RPS fans situation and help them gain more rights and live freer instead of escaping reality through RPS.

Peran Orang Tua Dalam Mencegah Kenakalan Remaja

The role of parents is the duties and obligations that must be carried out by parents, where taking this role influences the child's level of independence later. The role of parents is not only seen as a teacher, but can be a guide, mentor, and also a model for their children. In the process that was carried out by parents, various problems occurred, between children who had received disgraceful treatment from peers, parents' mistakes from the start spoiled their children, not only that, there were parents who succeeded in forming their child's independence. This study uses qualitative research methods and uses a phenomenological approach to find the meaning of a phenomenon under study. This research was also strengthened through observation and interviews to obtain data regarding the influence of the role of parents in shaping and increasing children's independence. In this study using the theory of Symbolic Interactionism by George Herbert Mead which explains the process in which individuals interact with themselves using various meaningful symbols. Symbolic interactionism is based on ideas about individuals and their interactions with society, through communication or the exchange of symbols that are given meaning. This symbolic interactionism exists because the basis for forming meaning originates from the human mind (Mind), self (Self), and relationships or relationships in the midst of social interaction and interpreting meaning in society (Society).

Digital Literacy: The Right Solution to Overcome the Various Problems of Meaning and Communication on Social Media

Problems with meaning arise when symbols interact in digital communication on social media between users. Different messages may be interpreted differently due to symbolic exchanges between social media users. This paper examines how message meaning relates to current social media challenges. The data used to address the issue was obtained from an online survey of social media users, and the semiotics method was employed (denotation and connotation). This study concludes that people who utilize social media have a higher propensity to read the news and become more authentic by sharing it. To read social media text messages denotatively has ideological consequences for users and connotative implications. Social media messaging's ideological impact creates the purpose of action (change of view on an issue, for example, COVID-19 vaccination). This paper contributes to digital media literacy, which develops critical thinking abilities based on digital knowledge by choosing to read news content. Besides, this paper contributes to the capacity to critically create content based on digital culture (positive news content) and offer critical commentary based on digital ethics (politeness in providing language). This article discusses the benefits and importance of news content comments and the ability to share news content critically based on digital safety by safely evaluating information before sharing it.

Desenho teórico-metodológico da escrita comparada: produção intelectual de crítica sobre a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (2017 a 2019)

ABSTRACT This text exposes the paths of methodological construction and theoretical foundation of comparative writing, on the one hand, closer to the broader sense of language, that is, the author and the critical reader in the sense of the discourses; on the other, oriented by comparison, in the methodological sense. To this end, it works with part of the intellectual production of critics elected on the Common National Curriculum Base, of 2017, to inventory the thematic, theoretical, methodological, and political diversity through which the authors register their inquiries, point out discussions and set analysis goals, which per se constitutes a complex undertaking. In view of this, he writes critiques capable of decoding the production of meaning for/in the curricular field, linked to an economy of symbolic exchanges, characterized by a logic governed by the social conditions of production, which respond to the symbolic effectiveness of school communication.

Семиотические аспекты истории понятия энергии в философии

The purpose of the paper is to retrace the history of Aristotle's concept of energy and the semiotic aspects of its contexts which indicate the changes of its meaning over time. The scrutiny seeks to go beyond the limits of textual analysis and focuses on the detection of the very necessity to invent the concept of energy. This problem is considered in the context of the relationships between immediacy as the peculiarity of the initial state of community and mediation as the feature of more complex social frameworks that implies the rise of symbolic exchange. It is noted that just the passage from the immediacy of tradition to the mediating structures of society favored the inculcation of the concept of logos that, as opposed to the immediacy of myth, resulted in the differentiation between the signified and signifier and thus between the essence and appearance. Moreover, the complication of the structure of homogenizing symbolic exchange widens the gap between the essence and the appearance till the latter proves to be autonomous. The essence acquires the traits of transcendence and thereby inaccessibility which in philosophy and theology is described by means of the term "apophaticism". Aristotle, having blamed in particular the unlimited making money in trade turnover, could not but notice the first signs of the sharply widening gap between appearance and essence. Accordingly, Aristotelian concept of energy as an "actualization" or "existence in actuality", implying the determination by some final cause, inherently laid claim to prevent the involvement of things in the complex structures of symbolic exchange and thereby retain their singularity. However, in the final analysis, the vicissitudes of Aristotle's concept of energy boiled down to the repudiation of the concept of the final cause and the transformation of "energy" into an "accumulated work" and the "capability to do work".

On the Struggle for Epokhē and the Crisis of the Savoirs

Abstract Reflecting on the mental ecologies of digital life and the crisis of spirit in the contemporary era, this article principally addresses the question of the possibility of epokhē (ἐποχή), the crisis of formation or self-cultivation (Bildung) and the possibility of a “third world,” which can be opened up by the phenomenological practice of epokhē. This will be undertaken idiosyncratically through a comparison between the thoughts of the British novelist and professor of contemporary thought at Brunel University in London, Will Self, and the late French philosopher Bernard Stiegler (1952–2020). Both thinkers, albeit in different ways and with different emphases—one literary, one more philosophical—address the psychical and traumatogenic consequences of epokhē. We can understand this as a suspension of disbelief in the present as we live through an “epoch without epoch,” a time witnessing the seizure of the symbolic by industrial technologies of the spirit. This is the time of the simulacrum of the real and the circulation of symbolic exchange and death. Both thinkers are interested in reinterpreting the concept of epokhē to consider psychic individuation or the psycho-pathological effects of technology upon the embodied human sensorium. I proffer some original thoughts drawn from the paradigm of critical postmedia philosophy and ecosophy on how to take the best elements from these thinkers to mount a sustained critique of technical life in the traumatized present that is without epoch.