Symbol Of Femininity Research Articles

Representation of feminine symbols in filter cigarette products

Background: Today, cigarettes are used as a consumer product by both men and women. In the past, smoking was often associated with its use by men. Over time, cigarette consumption has shifted culturally, with women becoming consumers of cigarettes with designs that emphasize elegance and a shift in consumer base. The tobacco industry adapted and began to release products aimed specifically at women, such as cigarettes with slimmer filters and more feminine packaging designs. This article discusses the changing role of filter cigarettes, which were originally associated as a symbol of femininity and are now increasingly used by men. Methods: The method used in this research is a literature study that collects, analyzes, and evaluates various relevant literature sources. Findings: This article illustrates how filter cigarettes have changed the representation of femininity and masculinity in tobacco consumption culture. Filter cigarettes were originally designed and promoted as a product that emphasized elegance, grace, and feminine imagery. However, filter cigarette consumption has shifted significantly over time, and more and more men are adopting filter cigarette products. Conclusion: Cigarette use is also influenced by the trend of e-cigarettes and the influence of social media on cigarette marketing which may lead to an increase in the number of female smokers. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study investigates the symbolic representation of femininity in filter cigarettes, elucidating how the tobacco industry strategically employs gendered marketing to appeal to female consumers. By examining the evolution of these marketing strategies and their effects on gender norms and consumer behavior, the research offers a distinctive perspective on the intersection of gender and tobacco advertising.

The Symbolism of the Moon Between Darwish and Lorca: A Comparative Study Between Darwish's "Afraid of the Moon" and Lorca's "Ballad of the Moon"

The moon does not always shine bright; at times, it appears dark. Despite its associations with femininity, beauty, innocence and new beginnings, the moon also embodies masculinity, fear, sin and connections to endings. This comparative study focuses on the contrasting use of moon symbolism and its implications in relation to two distinct cultural backgrounds; the Arabic culture represented by Mahmoud Darwish, a Palestinian poet who presents the moon as a source of fear in his poem "Afraid of the Moon", and the western culture represented by Frederico Garcia Lorca, a Spanish poet who portrays the moon in "Ballad of the Moon" as a symbol of femininity and sensuality. This study attempts to highlight the influences of their choices in symbolizing the moon and the variations in meaning that come with it through the lens of French comparative literature theory. Keywords: Comparative literature, Poetry, Moon, Mahmoud Darwish, Lorca.

The experience of men with breast cancer: a metasynthesis

Abstract Aim To assess men’s experiences when diagnosed with breast cancer. Subject and Methods: The breast is a symbol of femininity. Therefore, it is no surprise that studies on women’s experiences with breast cancer predominate in the literature. Because breast cancer accounts for just 1% of all cancers among men, it is often overlooked. Nevertheless, it accounts for proportionately more deaths than penile or testicular cancer. Five major databases were queried in December 2022 to review primary studies with qualitative design. Results Of the 206 articles selected and screened, eight met the inclusion criteria. Three highlighting men’s experience with stigmatisation and their need to be taken into consideration, even through information not solely aimed at women, are from a German study conducted between 2018 and 2020. Three from the UK between 2003 and 2007, also emphasise the stigma and the need for more information directed specifically at men. The study from the United States points out that men who receive treatment in women’s care spaces experience feelings of inadequacy. Last, a recent Israeli paper (2021) describes how men conceal the disease to avoid the stigma altogether. Conclusion The paper examines the paltry, recent research on men’s emotional experience with breast cancer, which is culturally relegated to women. However, a clear need emerges for more attention to be paid to addressing communications and relations for these male patients as well.

Feminist Rereading of Shabih’khani in Iran

This article examines Shabih’khani, a traditional ritual performance in Iran also known as Ta’ziyeh, in the context of the ‘Woman, Life, Freedom’ movement. It includes the historical challenges faced by Iranian women in a patriarchal society dominated by politics and religion, augmenting existing research on women’s Shabih’khani through recently discovered documents that show the erasure of feminine symbols within the tradition. The article also explores the theatrical conventions, dramaturgical elements, and historical reasons for the emergence and decline of women’s Shabih’khani, together with factors that contribute to the endurance of men’s Shabih’khani. By drawing connections and comparisons between Shabih’khani and the contemporary ‘Woman, Life, Freedom’ movement, it illuminates the factors shaping the movement and offers insights into its potential for success and progress.

Risk Behind the Glamour: Lipstick and its Health Impacts

Lipstick has been a beloved cosmetic for centuries, enhancing the beauty of women worldwide. Lipstick has long been a symbol of beauty and femininity, but beneath its glamorous facade lies potential health risks that deserve attention. This mini review aims to provide a comphrensive overview of the health impacts associated with lipstick use, shedding light on the potential dangers of certain ingredients and the need for consumer awareness. One of the primary concerns surrounding lipstick is the presence of heavy metals. Studies have shown that many lipsticks contain trace amounts of lead, cadmium, and other heavy metals, which can be absorbed through the skin and potentially harm the body overtime. These metals have been linked to various health issues, including reproductive problems and neurotoxicity. Furthermore, the prolonged use of lipstick can lead to unintentional ingestion of harmful metals, posing additional risks. In addition to heavy metals, certain lipsticks may contain parbens, a type of preservative commonly used in cosmetics. Parabens have been associated with hormonal disruption and have raised concerns about their potential links to breast cancer. While the evidence is not conclusive, the presence of parabens in lipsticks warrants further investigation and caution use. However, it’s not all doom and gloom. Many reputable cosmetic brands are taking steps to prioritize safety and offer lipstick options that are free from heavy metals and harmful chemicals. These brands employ rigorous testing and adhere to stricter regulations to ensure the safety of their products. Consumers can make more informed choices by opting for lipstick brands that prioritize safety and transparency in their ingredients lists. In conclusion, while lipstick may enhance our appearance and boost confidence, it’s crucial to be aware of the potential health impacts associated with its use. The presence of heavy metals and potentially harmful ingredients should not be overlooked. By staying informed, choosing safer lipstick options, and advocating for stricter regulations, we can enjoy the glamour of lipstick while minimizing potential health risks and additionally, it provides a comprehensive guide to natural home remedies that can help prevent these side effects. By understanding the potential risks, we can make informed choices about our beauty routines, maintaining healthy, beautiful lips while embracing the love for lipstick.

“Dancing Steps of #WeToo Resistance”: Choreography of Masculinity, Sexuality, and Violence on an Israeli Stage

ABSTRACT Israeli masculinity has been researched by diverse disciplines such as sociology, army studies, gender studies, and more. The dominant theme of such research has been to identify Israeli masculinity as heteronormative and aggressive, and usually discusses it via a nationalistic or religious lens, basing its interpretation on macho, militaristic, and heterosexual values. The current study suggests another perspective for exploring Israeli masculinity by examining two dance productions created by male choreographers and performed by male dancers: Beasts by Ido Tadmor (2000) and But the Virgin Was More Available by Javier de Protos (2002). Both performances expose a homosexual dynamic, reclaims feminine symbols, and exposes silenced public issues such as rape perpetuated against men. These pioneer performances thereby challenge the heteronormative constructions of gender identities and sexualities and present a performance of masculinity which opposes hegemonic perceptions, which are based on heterosexual and machoistic values. I conclude that these modern choreographic productions can be considered political cultural acts in the Israeli public sphere that give a voice to gendered discourse otherwise silenced by Israeli society at large.

Re-envisioning the Church through the "Eyes" of the Woman Clothed with the Sun and the Bride in John’s Apocalypse

The book of Revelation is dominated by many enig­ma­tic images and symbols that spark a variety of interpretations and speculations. Among these puzzling images, the feminine symbols in the second half of the book are worth noting: the wo­man clothed with the sun in Revelation 12, the whore in Rev­e­lation 17, and the bride in Revelation 21. Their meanings are often debated. Some feminist scholars argue that these images evoke violence towards women and are full of androcentric lan­g­uage. Others, however, by underlining the metaphoric nature of these female symbols, refute this claim. This study aims to pro­vide a fresh interpretation of this debate by looking more closely at the web of John’s metaphors and narrative system and utilizing both historical-critical and narrative approaches. This work argues that these female figures convey positive images of women and inclusivity in the Lamb’s Church. Moreover, the wo­man clothed with the sun and the bride have a vital role in John’s apocalypse. The link between these two metaphors—the transformation of the woman and becoming the bride—offers an important message to contemporary churches, including church­es in Indonesia, in navigating the world and overcoming cris­es.

Relationship between Masculinity and Femininity Depicted in Paulo Coelho's Brida

This research is about gender studies in the tradition of the sun and the tradition of the moon as depicted in Paulo Coelho’s Brida. Both traditions are symbols of masculinity and femininity in witchcrafts. Therefore, besides utilising the concept of gender, this study also applies semiotics approach to comprehend the symbols in the narration. This research is qualitative by using descriptive-analytic since the data collected from the text then analyse them based on the meaning of symbols in gender perspective. As the result, this research finds that masculinity and femininity in witchcrafts shape their personality in society.

3D Volume Assessment as an Objective Tool in Breast Asymmetry Management.

This study was conducted between November 2017 and September 2021 on 20 female patients seeking breast asymmetry correction at Kasr El-Ainy Hospital. All patients had volumetric breast assessment using a three-dimensional (3D) imaging system (3D LifeViz, Quantificare system), and MRI breast volumetry was done preoperatively in all patients. The patients were managed with different single-stage surgical procedures depending on the objective assessment of the volume differences between their breasts. Breast volume assessment using the 3D camera was done preoperatively and postoperatively. The preoperative mean volume difference was 159.45 cm3, and the postoperative mean difference was 16.75 cm3 with an overall reduction in mean volume difference of 89.5%. Comparing the 3D camera and MRI in assessing breast volume difference showed no statistical significance. The 3D technology is a useful objective tool to augment the surgeon's experience. It helped achieve an 84.57% reduction in volume difference in managing breast asymmetry with a single-stage procedure.

Notes: High Heels in the Workplace — A Health Hazard or a Symbol of Femininity? Observations on Appearance Regulation in Mofokeng v CCMA & Others 2022 ZALCJHB 169; (2022) 43 ILJ 2531 (LC)

The case note considers the extent to which employers may regulate the appearance of employees and observes, as affirmed in the case, that appearance regulation is a matter of mutual interest; an employee’s freedom of expression exercised within the limits of the law may protect the employee from allegations of insubordination; context is of importance in determining the reasonableness of such regulation; and an inherent requirement of the job is a defence for the employer, but should be interpreted in a narrow manner. The article concludes by emphasising the potential for appearance regulation to constitute an abuse of power: hence such regulation must be legitimate and reasonable.

Impact of breast augmentation on female sexuality.

The breasts are symbols of femininity, sexuality, and maternity. Breast augmentation is among the most sought-after procedures for women and has a positive impact on quality of life. Sexuality is one of the items that contribute to increased quality of life. Surgical outcomes can be evaluated from the patients' perspective using developed and validated questionnaires. For the assessment of sexuality, the most commonly used instruments are the Female Sexual Quotient and the Female Sexual Function Index, which estimate several domains of sexuality and can be used to evaluate the impact of surgery on it. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of breast augmentation on female sexuality. We selected 87 patients from the Plastic Surgery Outpatient Clinic of Hospital São Paulo (Federal University of São Paulo) who wished to undergo breast augmentation. The patients were classified into two groups: the Female Sexual Quotient questionnaire was applied to one group, and the Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire was applied to the other group to evaluate sexuality preoperatively as well as at 2 and 4 months postoperatively. In both groups, there was a significant increase in the total score of the Female Sexual Quotient and Female Sexual Function Index questionnaires, and an individual increase in each domain assessed, with a significant increase in the domains of orgasm and sexual satisfaction, as well as foreplay and arousal, indicating an improvement in the patients' sexuality postoperatively. Breast augmentation has a positive impact on female sexuality; furthermore, the Female Sexual Quotient and Female Sexual Function Index are sensitive in detecting this impact.

Digital Media Play a Key Role in Influencing Female Breast Perception.

The female breast is a symbol of femininity and plays a key role in the female body image. However, factors influencing the preferences for different breast shapes and sizes are still not elucidated. In particular, the role of the emerging social media in breast perception has not been analyzed yet. A representative cohort of 1,049 adults completed a web-based questionnaire containing hyperrealistic 3D models of the female breast in the United States. A machine-learning algorithm (Classification and Regression Tree [CART]) was implemented to identify the most influential factors. The study was able to identify the frequency of pornographic and social media consumption as the most influencing factor for altered breast preferences. Although digital media exposure did not alter satisfaction with the own breast among female participants, the tendency to undergo or history of conducted aesthetic surgery correlated with higher access frequency to digital media. Taken together, the overpowering impact of social media and pornographic consumption on the own body image was shown in preference alterations for different anatomical aspects of the breast in the whole population and distorted self-perception about the breast in female participants.

Comparison of Body Image and Body Exposure During Sexual Activity and Sexual Assertiveness Among Mastectomized Women with/Without Mammaplasty and Mammaplasty Volunteer Patients

Background: Mastectomy can change body image and affect the sexual activities of patients. Breast reconstruction is a way to reduce the sexual damage caused by mastectomy. Objectives: The present study aimed to compare body image and body exposure during sexual activity and sexual assertiveness among mastectomized women with/without mammaplasty and patients with cancer who volunteered for mammoplasty. Methods: This causal-comparative study was performed on the statistical population of mastectomized women with/without mammaplasty and patients who volunteered for mammoplasty within the age range of 25 - 55 years in Tehran, Iran, in 2018. The sample consisted of 37 women with mastectomy, 28 mastectomized women who volunteered for mammoplasty, and 31 women who underwent mammaplasty after mastectomy. The subjects were selected through convenience sampling in Tehran. All participants were asked to complete the Assessment of Body-Image Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire, the Body Exposure during Sexual Activities Questionnaire, and the Hurlbert Index of Sexual Assertiveness. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance using version 20th of SPSS software. Results: In terms of body-image cognitive distortions, there was no difference between the three groups. The women who underwent mammaplasty had less body exposure during sexual activity than patients who volunteered for mammoplasty (P < 0.01); however, there was no difference between the mastectomized patients and patients who underwent mammaplasty. Exposure to the body or anxious attentional focus on the body during sexual activity was reported frequently less in mastectomized women than in mammaplasty volunteers (P < 0.01). The sexual assertiveness of women who underwent reconstructive surgery was more than mastectomized women and volunteer patients for reconstructive surgery (P < 0.01). The mastectomized group had more sexual assertiveness than patients who volunteered for mammoplasty (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The results support the hypothesis that the issue of body image and its relationship with different aspects of sexual function is complex and requires considering different personality traits and factors as moderators. The importance that a woman places on the breast as a symbol of femininity and sexuality is one of the aforementioned factors. The purpose of reconstruction from the patient’s point of view and the importance that a woman gives to her appearance are other components that should be considered before proceeding with mammoplasty.

DEWI SRI SEBAGAI FIGUR IBU MITOLOGIS: TINJAUAN NARASI DAN VISUAL FOLKLOR JAWA TIMUR

Dewi Sri is a character in Javanese mythology. This goddess is close to the Javanese community, especially the farming community. Dewi Sri as the goddess of rice is widely written in ancient literature as well as in oral literature (folklore). In practice, Dewi Sri is often mentioned in traditional rituals and beliefs of the Javanese people. The cult of Dewi Sri is proof of the existence of a deity in the form of mother in the belief system of patriarchal Javanese society. The research on Dewi Sri as a mythological mother figure is important as a source of creating works of art or digital literature based on local wisdom. So, the focuses of this research is to find the character of Dewi Sri based on narratives and visual review and to analyse Dewi Sri as a mythological mother. This is a qualitative research with a social representation approach. The data is in the form of text or verbal speech. Sources of data are the people of East Java. Data collected by interview and literature study. The result shows that Dewi Sri has a feminine character as the positive mother archetype in Jung's concept. Visually, Dewi Sri is depicted with feminine symbols of adult women, which is visually different from the ancient art works. Meanwhile, the divine figure of Dewi Sri that found was a mythological mother and spiritual figure with a feminine opposition as "Mother Goddess". Javanese belief that Dewi Sri gives bless with fertility. The conclusion is that figure of Dewi Sri can be used as a source of creating art and literature based on local wisdom.

Mary, Gender, and Politics after Vatican II

In the wake of the Second Vatican Council, the most transformative event in the modern history of the Catholic Church, conservative Catholics the world over found themselves in a changed world and a changed Church. Modernizing reforms in the Church meant the revisiting and revising of longstanding Catholic tradition, from mass to the catechism. Conservative and right-wing theologians were especially concerned about certain potential changes to Church doctrine, particularly the veneration and status of Mary. Mary and her veneration were risky things to change for the Church, because, for centuries, Mary had served as a symbol of traditional femininity, as a nationalist icon, and as a popular beacon connecting Church and congregants. This article looks at how the potential and real changes to Marian devotion in the mid-twentieth century disturbed conservative and right-wing Catholic theologians in Latin America and Iberia, and explains how Marainism was for them a bellwether of the conservative nature of the Church, both as a representative of traditional norms and as a partisan bulwark against communism.

Breast dermatoses: Dermatologists coming to the rescue of gynecologists

More than any other organ of the body, the breasts represent the symbol of femininity for a woman. As with any part of the skin, they may be the seat of inflammatory, infectious, and/or tumor-related dermatoses. The severity of these dermatoses is related to the existence of an underlying malignant neoplasia with a risk of mastectomy, creating a high psychological impact. Through five observations, we discuss different diagnoses to be evoked in front of a breast dermatosis apart from the tumor pathology.

Do the Marriageable Men want to Protect and Provide? The Expectation of Black Professional Hybrid Masculinity

Gender ideologies are embedded in intersecting race, class, and gender systems. Yet Black masculinity is often defined one-dimensionally, without attention to class variation in gender enactment. Particularly, with regard to heterosexual partnering, representations of Black masculinity most often involve men enacting compensatory displays to account for having too little masculine capital to meet the dominant culture’s protector–provider prerequisites for accomplishing marital masculinity. Drawing from interviews with 42 never-married Black professional men, I explore their ideas about how masculinity ought to be done within the marital relationship—a critical site for the reproduction of gender inequality. Findings reveal that these men construct “Black professional hybrid masculinity” around a simultaneously racialized and classed compensatory strategy of masculine protection and equitable spousal sharing, resisting simple classification as either hegemonic or counterhegemonic. Rather, it is a distinctly hybrid masculine strategy. These men cherry-pick hegemonic gender norms to reconstruct gender identities that reaffirm their sense of manhood and idealize their future wives as symbols of hybrid femininity—work-devoted women who are also femininely in need of masculine protection. This research offers an intersectional extension of hybrid masculinity and illustrates the need for heterogeneous and context-varied theories of how Black men do gender.

Judith, and: Target Practice

Judith, and: Target Practice Jordan Honeysucker (bio) Judith *based on the story of Judith **lines in bold from Euripides's Medea the context of slaying is one predisposed amongst the wicked to what extent is my grace a symbol of femininity and my blood of weaknessi lay here—hand on the throat emaciated by the contradiction of the vulgate a woman's marriage bed so full of painhow many evils has it brought to mankind? crimson stains our praises to dionysus and yet our pious tears rattle the doors of nineveh unhappy man, you don't know the full extent of your misfortune,or you would not say this. why must one inculcate the idea of the divine feminine? alas, the breath of this sword will liberate the consciousness of the female gazeyet we lay here—sick around her head, the golden diadem shot out amazing molten streams of fire snakes of kerosene slither from his pores and im alive for the first timethe despair of the man is one i consume let this be his saving grace Target Practice on the river bendjust beyond thetrees that creak when you step too closethe raspberries taste bitterand the men exhale with relief I sit in the willow treewith the aching wind of a Mississippi summerpenetrating my skin a clap of the hands comes from three trees overa group of men chant and screamI look for momma [End Page 235] I see my daddymy Granddaddy my uncle my brotherhis flesh being pulled by the pale snake on his neckhe is sleeping another clap I starewondering why the man is floatinghe says nothing but he flies like a doveI think of when momma pushes me on the swings another clap. I get scaredit is only June why are there fireworksI start to shiver even though it is 85 degreesthe ants crawl up my skin but I can only taste the raspberries I think the man is eating raspberries too butdoes he know he has juice all over his shirt? [End Page 236] Jordan Honeysucker Jordan Honeysucker has always thought of herself as a young poet. A Florida native, Jordan is consistently inspired by her relationship with her environment and the racial tensions within her community. Currently a sophomore at the University of California, Berkeley, Jordan plans to study psychology as well as pursue a minor in African American studies in order to reflect on the history that has shaped her. Copyright © 2022 Jordan Honeysucker

Morphometric study of post menarcheal nulliparous breasts, their clinical relevance and relationship with body size indicators in a Nigerian population.

The female breast is a symbol of femininity and aesthetics having a great psychosocial impact on the woman's sense of wellbeing and self-esteem. To optimize satisfaction of patients in cosmetic and reconstructive breast surgeries, there is a need to define the dominant breast size and shape that connotes feminine attractiveness. This necessitates the knowledge of ideal data for normal nulliparous female breast parameters and volume for various body sizes in the particular population, nationality, and race. To establish reference data for normal breast parameters and volumes for the various body sizes amongst the Nigerian population and to determine their relationships with other body parameters. A total of 528 breasts from 264 Nigerian undergraduate post-menarcheal nulliparous students of the University of Nigeria Enugu Campus aged between 17 and 29 years were measured. Thirty-one (31) anthropomorphic parameters and five body size anthropometric indicators were measured. Data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21(IBM) and were summarized using various descriptive statistics tools. The mean nipple-nipple distance is 23.37 ± 3.10. The mean left Midclavicle-nipple Length (22.17 ± 3.5 cm) is significantly (P = 0.04) higher than the right (21.79 ± 3.3 cm) just as the mean left (12.60 ± 2.5) medial radius is significantly (P = 0.0001) longer than the right (12.45 ± 2.4 cm). The mean left nipple projection (0.37 ±0.2 cm) and left vertical surface dimension (32.27 ± 5.7 cm) are significantly (P > 0.05) longer than the right (0.33 ±0.2) and (31.76 ± 5.2 cm). Also the mean volume for the left breast (605.26 ± 280.52 cm) is significantly (0.0001) higher than that of the right breast (592.53 ± 278.69). Breast volume correlated well with most of the breast parameters, BMI, and other anthropometric variables. Most breasts were ptotic (51%, 55%), especially the left breasts. Breast dimensions were asymmetrical in >50% of subjects, where the left breasts were seen to have slightly greater breast dimensions than right. Breast values and related body size parameters were noted to be comparatively higher than earlier reported values mostly for the Asian population.

BIỂU TƯỢNG TÍNH NỮ TRONG MỘT SỐ TÁC PHẨM VĂN XUÔI VIỆT NAM TIÊU BIỂU ĐẦU THẾ KỈ XXI

Studying symbols is an interdisciplinary research field that is quite popular in the world with many different approaches. When studying symbols in Vietnamese literature, the writer realized that there are many feminine symbols (symbols of land, breast, night, or tears) appearing in some Vietnamese prose works in the early 21st century. These symbols are used with many deep meanings. They deeply reflect the characteristics of female divinity and the life of women. Therefore, those symbols have played an important role in pointing out the feminine characteristics as well as the feminist sound in literature.